Time-resolved multiomics analysis of the genetic regulation of maize kernel moisture

Maize kernel moisture content(KMC)at harvest greatly affects mechanical harvesting,transport and storage.KMC is correlated with kernel dehydration rate(KDR)before and after physiological maturity.KMC and KDR are complex traits governed by multiple quantitative trait loci(QTL).Their genetic architecture is incompletely understood.We used a multiomics integration approach with an association panel to identify genes influencing KMC and KDR.A genome-wide association study using time-series KMC data from 7 to 70 days after pollination and their transformed KDR data revealed respectively 98and 279 loci significantly associated with KMC and KDR.Time-series transcriptome and proteome datasets were generated to construct KMC correlation networks,from which respectively 3111 and 759 module genes and proteins were identified as highly associated with KMC.Integrating multiomics analysis,several promising candidate genes for KMC and KDR,including Zm00001d047799 and Zm00001d035920,were identified.Further mutant experiments showed that Zm00001d047799,a gene encoding heat shock 70 kDa protein 5,reduced KMC in the late stage of kernel development.Our study provides resources for the identification of candidate genes influencing maize KMC and KDR,shedding light on the genetic architecture of dynamic changes in maize KMC.

Genome assembly of KA105,a new resource for maize molecular breeding and genomic research

Superior inbred lines are central to maize breeding as sources of natural variation.Although many elite lines have been sequenced,less sequencing attention has been paid to newly developed lines.We constructed a genome assembly of the elite inbred line KA105,which has recently been developed by an arti-ficial breeding population named Shaan A and has shown desirable characteristics for breeding.Its pedigree showed genetic divergence from B73 and other lines in its pedigree.Comparison with the B73 reference genome revealed extensive structural variation,58 presence/absence variation(PAV)genes,and 1023 expanded gene families,some of which may be associated with disease resistance.A network-based integrative analysis of stress-induced transcriptomes identified 13 KA105-specific PAV genes,of which eight were induced by at least one kind of stress,participating in gene modules responding to stress such as drought and southern leaf blight disease.More than 200,000 gene pairs were differentially correlated between KA105 and B73 during kernel development.The KA105 reference genome and transcriptome atlas are a resource for further germplasm improvement and surveys of maize genomic variation and gene function.

Left atrial appendage occlusion in a mirror-image dextrocardia:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND In mirror-image dextrocardia,the anterior-posterior position of the cardiac chambers and great vessels is maintained,but the left-right orientation of the abdominal organs is reversed.The abnormal anatomy of the heart poses surgical challenges and problems in dealing with surgical risk and monitoring complications.There are few reports on closure of the left atrial appendage(LAA)in dextrocardia and no reports on the application of enhanced recovery after surgery(ERAS)following LAA occlusion(LAAO)procedures.CASE SUMMARY The objective for this case was to ensure perioperative safety and accelerate postoperative recovery from LAAO in a patient with mirror-image dextrocardia.ERAS was guided by the theory and practice of nursing care.Atrial fibrillation was diagnosed in a 77-year-old male patient,in whom LAAO was performed.The 2019 guidelines for perioperative care after cardiac surgery recommend that the clinical nursing procedures for patients with LAAO should be optimized to reduce the incidence of perioperative complications and ensure patient safety.Music therapy can be used throughout perioperative treatment and nursing to improve the anxiety symptoms of patients.CONCLUSION The procedure was uneventful and proceeded without complications.Anxiety symptoms were improved.

3D打印模型在四肢骨折教学中的应用

目的探讨3D打印技术应用于四肢骨折临床教学的教学效果。方法以新疆医科大学2017年我院骨科中心临床医学系本科学生为教学对象。学生按照自己抽签的方法被随机分成实验组和对照组,每组30人。从临床工作中获取骨折CT数据将其导入计算机系统,打印出与实体大小一致的各种骨折模型。对照组采用传统教学,实验组教学过程中,除了上述传统教学方法外,利用3D打印模型讲解、演示骨骼、软组织、血管及神经解剖知识、骨折发生机制和骨折类型。教学结束后,所有的学生都要进行问卷调查的形式评估教学效果。结果实验组理论知识成绩略高于对照组,但无明显差异性(P>0.05)。在临床技能操作方面实验组考核成绩明显高于对照组,两组相比具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组教学方法和教学效果认可程度差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 3D打印技术与传统的教学法相结合使教学更加生动、立体、形象,使医学生对骨科知识更加容易掌握。

3D打印技术在手外科教学中的应用

目的评价3D打印模型在手外伤教学中的应用效果。方法依据新疆医科大学教学大纲的要求,调取我科复杂性手外伤病例5例病例信息,影像学系统里获取CT数据,利用CT数据构建出手部模型,打印出等比例手部模型。选取新疆医科大学2016年-2017年大学生80名,随机分为试验组(40名)和对照组(40名)参加骨科课程,试验组使用手外伤骨折3D打印模型结合传统教学模式,对照组只采用标准化的传统教学模式而不带有3D打印模型。通过对实验组和对照组的理论考核、临床技能操作考核、综合考核等方式进行评价。结果实验组和对照组两组学生在年龄、性别和以前的平均成绩无明显差异(P>0.05)。实验组学生笔试成绩、临床技能操作考核成绩以及口语表达成绩均优于传统教学组学生,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 3D打印模型在手外伤教学可有效提高解学效果。

External fixation is more suitable for intra-articular fractures of the distal radius in elderly patients

The purpose of this study was to compare the functional outcomes, psychological impact, and complication rates associated with external fixation and volar or dorsal plating in relation to the functional parameters following treatment of intra-articular fractures of the distal radius （IFDR） in patients older than 65 years. We hypothesized that using volar or dorsal plating would improve functional outcomes, but that it would be associated with more complications and equivalent functional outcomes when compared with the external fixation group. A total of 123 consecutive patients suffering from IFDR were recruited into the study. The patients were measured for clinical, radiological, and psychosocial functioning outcomes and were followed up after I week and 3, 6 and 12 months. After 3 months, the plating group had better pronation （P = 0.001）, supination, （P = 0.047） and extension （P = 0.043） scores. These differences were somewhat attenuated by 6 months and disappeared at I year. The plating group had a greater occurrence of wound infection （P = 0.043）, tendonitis, （P = 0.024） and additional surgery compared with the external fixation group. The only TNO-AZL Adult Quality of Life scores in the plating group that were lower than those in the external fixation group were in the ＂gross motor＂ category （walking upstairs, bending over, walking 500 yards; P = 0.023）. Internal fixation was more advantageous than external fixation in the early rehabilitation period; after I year the outcomes were similar. The plating group showed significantly higher levels of wound infection and tendonitis and had a greater need for additional surgeries.

Recent progress in perovskite solar cells:material science

Perovskite solar cells represent a promising third-generation photovoltaic technology with low fabrication cost and high power conversion efficiency.In light of the rapid development of perovskite materials and devices,a systematic survey on the latest advancements covering a broad range of related work is urgently needed.This review summarizes the recent major advances in the research of perovskite solar cells from a material science perspective.The discussed topics include the devices based on different type of perovskites(organic-inorganic hybrid,all-inorganic,and lead-free perovskite and perovskite quantum dots),the properties of perovskite defects,different type of charge transport materials(organic,polymeric,and inorganic hole transport materials and inorganic and organic electron transport materials),counter electrodes,and interfacial materials used to improve the efficiency and stability of devices.Most discussions focus on the key progresses reported within the recent five years.Meanwhile,the major issues limiting the production of perovskite solar cells and the prospects for the future development of related materials are discussed.

Lead-free molecular one-dimensional perovskite for efficient X-ray detection

In recent years,great progress has been achieved for organicinorganic halide perovskites due to their excellent optoelectronic properties and stability for photovoltaics,light emitting diodes,and high-energy radiation detection[1-5].One-dimensional(1D)perovskites,as an important derivative of three-dimensional(3D)perovskites,exhibit low exciton dissociation efficiency,which can produce strong quantum confinement and form self-trapping excited state[6],In addition,the hydrophobic properties and the inhibition of ion migration from large organic cations improve the moisture and thermal stability for optoelectronic devices.

Computing Persistent Homology by Spanning Trees and Critical Simplices

Topological data analysis can extract effective information from higher-dimensional data.Its mathematical basis is persistent homology.The persistent homology can calculate topological features at different spatiotemporal scales of the dataset,that is,establishing the integrated taxonomic relation among points,lines,and simplices.Here,the simplicial network composed of all-order simplices in a simplicial complex is essential.Because the sequence of nested simplicial subnetworks can be regarded as a discrete Morse function from the simplicial network to real values,a method based on the concept of critical simplices can be developed by searching all-order spanning trees.Employing this new method,not only the Morse function values with the theoretical minimum number of critical simplices can be obtained,but also the Betti numbers and composition of all-order cavities in the simplicial network can be calculated quickly.Finally,this method is used to analyze some examples and compared with other methods,showing its effectiveness and feasibility.

Source-Free Unsupervised Domain Adaptation with Sample Transport Learning

Unsupervised domain adaptation(UDA)has achieved great success in handling cross-domain machine learning applications.It typically benefits the model training of unlabeled target domain by leveraging knowledge from labeled source domain.For this purpose,the minimization of the marginal distribution divergence and conditional distribution divergence between the source and the target domain is widely adopted in existing work.Nevertheless,for the sake of privacy preservation,the source domain is usually not provided with training data but trained predictor(e.g.,classifier).This incurs the above studies infeasible because the marginal and conditional distributions of the source domain are incalculable.To this end,this article proposes a source-free UDA which jointly models domain adaptation and sample transport learning,namely Sample Transport Domain Adaptation(STDA).Specifically,STDA constructs the pseudo source domain according to the aggregated decision boundaries of multiple source classifiers made on the target domain.Then,it refines the pseudo source domain by augmenting it through transporting those target samples with high confidence,and consequently generates labels for the target domain.We train the STDA model by performing domain adaptation with sample transport between the above steps in alternating manner,and eventually achieve knowledge adaptation to the target domain and attain confident labels for it.Finally,evaluation results have validated effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.

Wavelength synchronization technology for UDWDM-PON transmitter based on injection locking

We propose a concept of wavelength synchronization to ensure the stability of ultra-dense channels in an ultra-dense wavelength division multiplexing passive optical network(UDWDM-PON)transmitter.A mode-locked laser is used to provide wavelength references for users.By injection locking the semiconductor laser,the separation of the wavelength reference is realized in an optical line terminal.The downlink and uplink wavelength references are interlaced and distributed to facilitate the synchronization of uplink carriers.In the optical network unit,the uplink optical carriers are filtered by injection locking semiconductor lasers,which achieve wavelength synchronization for the uplink users.In this Letter,an adaptive wavelength synchronization transmitter for UDWDM-PON is realized with a channel spacing of 5 GHz.

Interactive Web-based Annotation of Plant MicroRNAs with iwa-miRNA

MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. The large-scale detection and profiling of miRNAs have been accelerated with the development of highthroughput small RNA sequencing(sRNA-Seq) techniques and bioinformatics tools. However,generating high-quality comprehensive miRNA annotations remains challenging due to the intrinsic complexity of sRNA-Seq data and inherent limitations of existing miRNA prediction tools. Here,we present iwa-miRNA, a Galaxy-based framework that can facilitate miRNA annotation in plant species by combining computational analysis and manual curation. iwa-miRNA is specifically designed to generate a comprehensive list of miRNA candidates, bridging the gap between already annotated miRNAs provided by public miRNA databases and new predictions from sRNA-Seq datasets. It can also assist users in selecting promising miRNA candidates in an interactive mode,contributing to the accessibility and reproducibility of genome-wide miRNA annotation. iwamiRNA is user-friendly and can be easily deployed as a web application for researchers without programming experience. With fexible, interactive, and easy-to-use features, iwa-miRNA is a valuable tool for the annotation of miRNAs in plant species with reference genomes. We also illustrate the application of iwa-miRNA for miRNA annotation using data from plant species with varying genomic complexity. The source codes and web server of iwa-miRNA are freely accessible at http://iwa-miRNA.omicstudio.cloud/.

Direct conversion of methane to methanol over Cu exchanged mordenite:Effect of counter ions

Direct conversion of methane(CH4)to methanol(DMTM)is a promising,but very challenging process for the utilization of abundant CH4 as a low carbon resource.In this context,Cu loaded zeolites,mordenite(MOR)in particular,were recognized as the most effective system to perform DMTM.In this work,different Cu salts were used to exchange with MOR,by which the effect of counter ions on the catalytic performance towards DMTM was investigated.The prepared catalysts were characterized and evaluated systematically.It was found that the counter ions affected the speciation of Cu sites,probably due to their capability in extraction of protons from MOR and the influence on the hydrolysis state of the Cu2+in aqueous solution.These behaviors adjusted the association between Cu2+and the exchangeable protons in MOR.As a result,varied DMTM performance was observed.Among the used Cu salts,Cu(CH3COO)2 exchanged MOR showed the highest performance,achieving stable CH3 OH yield of 117±28μmol/g in 5 consecutive cycles,these values are among the highest for Cu loaded MOR zeolites in open publications.

Strontium doped electrospinning fiber membrane with antibacterial and osteogenic properties prepared by pulse electrochemical method

The osteogenic differentiation and new bone formation are commonly delayed by bacterial infection of orthopedic implants,which is urgent to be resolved quickly in the clinic.The current paper prepared a strontium-doped elec-trospinning fiber membrane with antibacterial and osteogenic properties by pulse electrochemical method.Poly-lactic acid/hydroxyapatite(PLLA/HA)composite fiber substrate was fabricated by electrospinning technology,and strontium doped SrHA/Cu/Polypyrrole(PPy)composite coating was constructed with pulse electrodeposi-tion method on its surface.The strontium doping technique,degradation of Sr^(2+)and Cu^(2+),cellular compatibility,and the antibacterial activity of the fiber membrane were examined.The results revealed that the deposition of phosphorus and calcium on composite fiber was the highest,indicating good biological activity.The release of Sr^(2+)and Cu^(2+)was stable and gradual due to the modulation of PPy.The composite fiber presented excellent antibacterial performance and the antibacterial rate was close to 100%against Staphylococcus aureus and Es-cherichia coli.Furthermore,it is conducive to the adhesion,spread,and proliferation of vascular endothelial cells and osteoblasts,namely outstanding osteogenesis and angiogenesis abilities.In conclusion,the multifunctional PLLA/HA@SrHA/Cu/PPy composite fiber membrane with good antibacterial and osteogenic activity by electro-spinning technology and pulsed electrochemical deposition method provides an effective strategy for the poor bone healing of infected bone defects.