Systematic bibliometric and visualized analysis of research hotspots and trends on the application of artificial intelligence in glaucoma from 2013 to 2022

AIM:To conduct a bibliometric analysis of research on artificial intelligence(AI)in the field of glaucoma to gain a comprehensive understanding of the current state of research and identify potential new directions for future studies.METHODS:Relevant articles on the application of AI in the field of glaucoma from the Web of Science Core Collection were retrieved,covering the period from January 1,2013,to December 31,2022.In order to assess the contributions and co-occurrence relationships among different countries/regions,institutions,authors,and journals,CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were employed and the research hotspots and future trends within the field were identified.RESULTS:A total of 750 English articles published between 2013 and 2022 were collected,and the number of publications exhibited an overall increasing trend.The majority of the articles were from China,followed by the United States and India.National University of Singapore,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and Sun Yat-sen University made significant contributions to the published works.Weinreb RN and Fu HZ ranked first among authors and cited authors.American Journal of Ophthalmology is the most impactful academic journal in the field of AI application in glaucoma.The disciplinary scope of this field includes ophthalmology,computer science,mathematics,molecular biology,genetics,and other related disciplines.The clustering and identification of keyword nodes in the co-occurrence network reveal the evolving landscape of AI application in the field of glaucoma.Initially,the hot topics in this field were primarily“segmentation”,“classification”and“diagnosis”.However,in recent years,the focus has shifted to“deep learning”,“convolutional neural network”and“artificial intelligence”.CONCLUSION:With the rapid development of AI technology,scholars have shown increasing interest in its application in the field of glaucoma.Moreover,the application of AI in assisting treatment and predicting prognosis in glaucoma may become a future research hotspot.However,the reliability and interpretability of AI data remain pressing issues that require resolution.

Therapeutic effects of Buzhong Yiqi decoction in patients with spleen and stomach qi deficiency after routine surgery and chemotherapy for colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),the spleen and stomach are the basis of acquired nature and the source of qi and blood biochemistry.After surgery and chemotherapy,patients with colorectal cancer often develop spleen and stomach qi deficiency syndrome,leading to decreased immune function.Buzhong Yiqi decoction,a classic TCM prescription,has the effect of tonifying middle-jiao and invigorating qi,boosting Yang,and suppressing immune-related inflammation.Moreover,it is widely used in the treatment of spleen and stomach qi deficiency syndrome.AIM To investigate the effect of Buzhong Yiqi decoction on spleen and stomach qi deficiency in patients with colorectal cancer.METHODS One hundred patients with colorectal cancer who underwent preoperative chemotherapy and laparoscopy at The First TCM Hospital of Changde from January 2022 to October 2023 were retrospectively analyzed.The patients were divided equally into control and observation groups.Both groups underwent conventional rehabilitation surgery,and the observation group was supplemented with Buzhong Yiqi decoction.SPSS 26.0 was used for statistical analyses.Theχ2 test was used for univariate analysis;independent sample t-tests were used in all cases.RESULTS No significant differences were observed preoperatively in the general characteristics of the two groups.Fourteen days post-surgery,the abdominal distension,emaciation,loose stool,loss of appetite,and vomiting scores were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).Immune function and interleukin(IL)-10 levels in the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group,whereas IL-6,tumor necrosis factor-α,and C-reactive protein levels,tumor biological indexes,and adverse reactions in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).One month after surgery,the patients’quality of life in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the patients in the control group(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Buzhong Yiqi decoction can regulate inflammatory responses and metabolic processes by enhancing immune function,thereby promoting overall immune nutrition and restoring the body’s balance.

基于中国专利数据库中药复方治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病的用药规律研究

目的基于中国专利数据库对中药复方治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病(简称慢阻肺)用药规律进行分析。方法检索中国专利数据库建库至2021年2月1日公布的治疗慢阻肺的中药复方,对复方药物的频次、性味、归经以及功效分类进行统计分析;采用Apriori算法及熵层次聚类分析的方法,挖掘核心药物、药组及新处方。结果共纳入中药复方73首,涉及中药307味,总用药频次934次。使用频次较高的中药有黄芪、甘草、白术、陈皮、苦杏仁等;药性以温、寒为主;药味多甘、苦,主归肺经、脾经;药物功效以化痰止咳平喘药、补气药、清热药为主;关联分析共获得10组药对组合,其中二项关联药对组合4组,三项关联药对组合6组;通过熵层次聚类分析发现新处方8首。结论中药复方治疗慢阻肺急性加重期以祛邪为主,稳定期重在扶正。以止咳化痰、益气扶正、清热肃肺、宣肺解表等为主要治法,多选择补气药,适当配伍补血、滋阴、补阳、祛痰、利水、化瘀等药物治疗,可为后续临床实践及新药研发提供参考。

基于关联规则结合隐结构模型的慢性阻塞性肺疾病稳定期文献的基础证候特征研究

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)稳定期常见基础证候分布及特征,为辨证规范及证候疗效评价提供依据。方法检索中文数据库中自建库至2018年12月31日COPD稳定期证候相关文献;采用SPSS 20.0软件,建立数据库并进行统计描述分析;采用SPSS Modeler 14.1软件,基于Apriori算法,对证素进行关联规则分析;采用Latern 5.0软件,基于LTM-EAST算法,构建症状隐结构模型并进行综合聚类分析。结果①纳入COPD稳定期证候相关文献203篇,涉及基础证候20个,证素20个,症状130个。②频率≥10%且累计构成比≥75%的基础证候有:肺气虚证、肾气虚证、脾气虚证、痰湿证、肺阴虚证及血瘀证。③对证素进行关联规则分析,得出强关联规则7条,推断出肺气虚证、脾气虚证、肾气虚证等5个基础证候。④对频次≥3的症状进行隐结构分析,得到31个隐变量、62个隐类;进行综合聚类得到10个综合聚类模型,推断出肺气虚证、脾气虚证、肾气虚证等10个基础证候。综合上述方法,最终得出8个常见基础证候。结论COPD稳定期常见基础证候有肺气虚证、脾气虚证、肾气虚证、肺阴虚证、肾阴虚证、肾阳虚证、痰湿证及血瘀证,以虚证为主,可兼见实证。

“双一流”背景下基于OBE的研究生学术英语教学模式改革与实践——以中国石油大学(华东)为例

指出“双一流”建设对研究生英语教学提出了更高要求,即传授学生语言基本知识与技能的同时,提升其专业学术素养与实践应用能力。介绍了中国石油大学(华东)在基于学习产出的教育模式(Outcomes-based Education,OBE)指导下,围绕“双一流”建设开展的一系列研究生学术英语教学改革与探索。实践证明,以OBE理念为指导的研究生学术英语教学模式与“双一流”建设背景下的研究生培养目标相匹配,促进了学生专业学术素养与实践应用能力的发展与提升。

基于临床调查的新型冠状病毒肺炎常见证候及其主次症研究

目的分析新型冠状病毒肺炎(新冠肺炎)的中医常见证候及其主次症特征,为临床辨证规范的建立提供依据.方法采集河南省内新冠肺炎救治定点医院收治患者的一般资料、证候及症状等信息,建立数据库.探讨患者的证候频率分布,确定常见证候;联合运用描述统计、二元Logistic回归分析、人工神经网络方法,分析常见证候及其症状特征并确定主次症.结果共发放调查表680份,收回662份,其中有效调查表654份,回收有效率96.18%;涉及患者597例,证候13个,依据频次、频率排序前5位的证候依次为:寒湿郁肺证(140例次,21.41%)、湿热蕴肺证(121例次,18.50%)、湿阻肺胃证(93例次,14.22%)、疫毒闭肺证(93例次,14.22%)、湿遏肺卫证(90例次,13.76%).不同分型新冠肺炎患者依据频次、频率排序前5位的证候为:轻型/普通型(386例)寒湿郁肺证(113例次,29.27%)、湿遏肺卫证(84例次,21.76%)、湿热蕴肺证(81例次,20.98%)、湿阻肺胃证(54例次,13.99%)、风热犯肺证(27例次,6.99%),重型(172例)疫毒闭肺证(58例次,33.72%)、湿阻肺胃证(39例次,22.67%)、湿热蕴肺证(38例次,22.09%)、寒湿郁肺证(24例次,13.95%)、气阴两虚证(7例次,?4.07%),危重型(53例)内闭外脱证(24例次,45.28%)、疫毒闭肺证(15例次,28.30%)、邪陷心包证(9例次,16.98%)、气阴两虚证(4例次,7.55%)、寒湿郁肺证(3例次,5.66%),恢复期(43例)肺脾气虚证(27例次,?62.79%)、气阴两虚证(16例次,37.21%).共得到10个常见证候,即湿遏肺卫证、寒湿郁肺证、风热犯肺证、湿阻肺胃证、湿热蕴肺证、疫毒闭肺证、邪陷心包证、内闭外脱证、肺脾气虚证及气阴两虚证.并对其主次症特征进行了分析及初步阐释,依据描述统计、二元Logistic回归分析、人工神经网络方法,依据主次症制定原则,得出10种常见证候的主次症.结论新冠肺炎常见证候有10个并具有较明确的主次症,可为临床辨证规范的建立提供依据.

Clinical Observation on the Improved Short-Term Effects of Anti-Tumor Purified Chinese Medicine Injection Ai-Jing for 138 Cases with Malignant Tumors

The subjects of this study were to observe the improved short-term effects of anti-tumor purified Chinese medicine injection Ai-Jing for 138 cases with malignant tumors. This was a multi-center clinical study, and a total of 138 patients included 96 males and 42 females, with the age from 60 to 76 years. Ai-Jing has obtained the Chinese invention patent since 2008 (ZL991-03528.3). A novel technique acupoint injection method was adopted. Except for lung cancer, patients with other malignant tumors were injected once every other day, 2 ml each time. A course of treatment needs 6 Ai-Jing injections, lung cancer patients need 10 - 20 Ai-Jing injections. At the same time, patients were treated with traditional medicine decoction. Due to the limited number of cases, cure rate, recovery rate and remission rate were calculated as a whole, respectively 18.12%, 44.20% and 32.15%. All the invalid patients were lung cancer, accounting for 16.67% of the patients treated with lung cancer, and the total treatment inefficiency was 6.52%. Conclusion: Chinese Medicine Injection Ai-Jing extracts the effective components of anti-cancer and tumorigenesis, and has the effects of anti-cancer and tumorigenesis, anti-inflam-matory and analgesic, and repairing body damage, with small toxic and side effects and low cost.

解决小微企业贷款难问题的市场化途径研究——基于上市公司投资小额贷款公司的实证分析

小微企业贷款难是中国经济发展的顽疾,也是中国试图建设多层次资本市场的一个重要原因,而上市公司投资小额贷款公司提供了一种解决这个问题的市场化途径。通过投资小贷公司,上市公司拓宽了公司利润增长点,并通过隐性担保解决了银行与小微企业信息不对称问题,利用其在传统资本市场上的融资优势为小微企业提供了资金。本文基于所有沪深上市公司2008-2014年的年报及相关决议,手动收集了所有上市公司投资小额贷款公司的数据,通过Probit模型对上市公司投资小额贷款公司的行为进行研究,结果显示上市公司的投资意愿、投资能力、区域金融环境是影响上市公司投资小额贷款公司决策最重要的因素。

基于关联规则结合贝叶斯网络的新型冠状病毒肺炎证素规律的文献研究

目的探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎中医证素分布、组合规律及疾病分期的证素演变规律。方法通过检索公开发表的新型冠状病毒肺炎中医诊疗方案、论文等文献,建立数据库,采用频次频率、关联规则方法分析证素分布、证素组合规律,通过贝叶斯网络分析不同分期证素分布的条件概率。结果共纳入相关文献42篇,212条记录。提取证候要素25个,其中病位证素12个,以肺、心神(脑)、脾为主;病性证素13个,以湿、热(火)、毒、气虚为主。证素组合分布以单一病性证素+病位证素、两病性证素+病位证素的组合形式为主;共得出寒、湿、肺,热(火)、气脱、心神(脑),气虚、肺、脾3组强关联组合。疾病初期病性证素以湿、寒、热(火)为主,病位主要在肺、卫分;进展期(中期)病性证素以毒、热(火)、湿、痰为主,病位主要在肺;危重期病性证素以毒、热(火)、气脱为主,病位主要在肺、心神(脑);恢复期病性证素以气虚、阴虚为主,病位证素主要在肺、脾。结论新型冠状病毒肺炎病因以湿邪为主;病位在肺,可累及脾,重症可及心神(脑),湿毒壅肺为主要病机,以"湿、毒、热、闭、虚"为主要证素特点。

肺结节“辨病—辨证—辨体”的证候诊断模式探析

辨证论治是中医的精髓,症状是辨证的依据。近年来人群中许多无症状的肺结节被检测出来,传统的以症状为依据的辨证模式已不能满足辨证需求,亟需进一步完善中医辨证的内涵及外延。注重体质辨证施治也是中医基础理论中的重要组成部分。以肺结节为示范,围绕疾病、证型、体质三者展开讨论,通过探析辨病、辨证、辨体及三者之间的关系,尝试构建一种辨证模式,以期进一步丰富、完善辨证模式。

基于症状间关系及其对证候的贡献度初步建立新冠肺炎常见证候诊断依据

目的初步建立新型冠状病毒肺炎(简称"新冠肺炎")常见证候诊断依据。方法基于采集的654份河南省新冠肺炎临床资料,联合运用关联规则与贝叶斯网络分析常见证候中关联较强的症状群,并进一步分析常见症状群对该证候诊断的贡献度。结果通过关联规则(支持度>10%、置信度>80%及提升度>1的二项关联症状组合)和贝叶斯网络(存在直接因果关系且条件概率≥0.45的症状组合)分别得出新冠肺炎9个常见证候中关联密切的症状群;通过贝叶斯公式推导出常见症状群对证候的贡献度;初步建立了新冠肺炎常见证候诊断依据。结论根据常见证候症状间关系建立相关症状群及其对证候诊断的贡献,初步建立新冠肺炎常见证候诊断依据,可为中医证候诊断标准的建立提供新的思路与方法。

Chip Formation Mechanism of Inconel 718: A Review of Models and Approaches

Inconel 718,a nickel,chrome and iron alloy,has special advantages,such as high-temperature strength,thermal resistance and corrosion resistance,which facilitate wide usage in the aerospace industry,especially in the hot sections of gas turbine engines.However,machining this alloy is correlated closely with the material’s inherent properties such as excellent combination of strength,hardness and toughness,low thermal conductivity and the tendency to adhere to cutting tools.This nickel alloy also contains inclusions of hard abrasive carbide particles that lead to work-hardening of the workpiece material and thus abrasive wear of the cutting tool.That is,the machining of Inconel 718 is always influenced by high mechanical and thermal loads.This article reviews the chip formation mechanism of Inconel 718.One of the main characteristics in machining of Inconel 718 is that it will produce serrated or segmented chips in a wide range of cutting speeds and feeds.Existing studies show that the chip serration or segmentation by shear localization affects the machined surface integrity,and also contributes to the chip’s evacuation and the automation of machining operations.Thus,research conclusion indicates that the serrated or segmented chip phenomenon is desirable in reducing the level of cutting force,and detailed analysis of models and approaches to understand the chip formation mechanism of Inconel 718 is vital for machining this alloy effectively and efficiently.Therefore,this article presents some summaries on the models and approaches on the chip formation in machining of Inconel 718.

基于隐结构结合系统聚类的脓毒症常见证候分布研究

目的基于文献数据挖掘初步揭示脓毒症常见证候的分布。方法计算机检索中国知网、维普数据库、万方数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库收录的脓毒症证候分析相关文献,提取相关信息,建立数据库。采用频数描述脓毒症常见证候及症状特征;采用Latern5.0软件,基于双步隐树分析LTM-EAST算法,对频次≥10次的症状构建隐结构模型,通过综合聚类推断出潜在证候;选取频率>5%的症状进行因子分析,对得到的公因子进行系统聚类分析,根据结果推断潜在证候;综合以上结果分析脓毒症常见证候及其临床特征。结果共纳入文献792篇,证候记录为961条,症状记录为877条。规范后涉及证候48个,出现频率较高的有血瘀证、阳明腑实证、痰热内闭证、阳气暴脱证等,分别为12.70%(122/961)、9.68%(93/961)、9.47%(91/961)7.80%(75/961);规范后涉及症状179个,出现频率较高的有高热、舌红、口渴、烦躁等,分别为27.82%(244/877)27.36%(240/877)、27.25%(239/877)25.54%(244/877)。隐结构分析得到43个隐变量,结合专业知识综合聚类,得出血瘀证、阳明腑实证、痰热雍肺证、热毒人营证、阴虚内热证、阳气暴脱证、气虚证、阳虚证、痰浊阻滞证、湿热蕴脾证、热毒炽盛证、邪陷肺卫证12个潜在证候。因子分析得到25个公因子,经系统聚类推断出心阳虚证、痰热雍肺证、阳明腑实证、阳气暴脱证、热毒炽盛证、脾肾阳虚证、气虚证、痰热阴伤证、气虚血瘀证、气阴两虚证、邪陷肺卫证、热闭心包证12个潜在证候。根据中医常见证候及其症状特征的确定标准,最终得到脓毒症的9个常见证候,热毒炽盛证、血瘀证、阳明腑实证、痰热雍肺证、热毒人营证、邪陷肺卫证、气阴两虚证、气虚证、阳气暴脱证。结论脓毒症的常见证候的症状特征显著,可为脓毒症证候诊断标准的制定提供依据。

CD93 and GIPC expression and localization during central nervous system inflammation

CD93 and GAIP-interacting protein, C termius （GIPC） have been shown to interactively alter phagocytic processes of immune cells. CD93 and GIPC expression and localization during cen-tral nervous system inflammation have not yet been reported. In this study, we established a rat model of brain inlfammation by lipopolysaccharide injection to the lateral ventricle. In the brain of rats with inlfammation, western blots showed increased CD93 expression that decreased over time. GIPC expression was unaltered. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated extensive distribution of CD93 expression mainly in cell membranes in the cerebral cortex. After lipopoly-saccharide stimulation, CD93 expression increased and then reduced, with distinct staining in the cytoplasm and nucleus. Double immunolfuorescence staining in cerebral cortex of normal rats showed that CD93 and GIPC widely expressed in resting microglia and neurons. CD93 was mainly expressed in microglial and neuronal cell membranes, while GIPC was expressed in both cell membrane and cytoplasm. In the cerebral cortex at 9 hours after model establishment, CD93-immunoreactive signal diminished in microglial membrane, with cytoplasmic transloca-tion and aggregation detected. GIPC localization was unaltered in neurons and microglia. These results are the ifrst to demonstrate CD93 participation in pathophysiological processes of central nervous system inlfammation.

基于关联规则结合隐结构模型挖掘脓毒症的基础证候分布特征

目的基于文献数据挖掘初步揭示脓毒症常见证候的分布.方法计算机检索中国知网、维普数据库、万方数据库和中国生物医学文献数据库收录的脓毒症证候分析相关文献,提取相关信息,建立数据库.采用频数描述脓毒症常见证候及症状特征;采用Lantern 5.0软件,基于双步隐树分析LTM-EAST算法,对频次≥10次的症状构建隐结构模型,通过综合聚类推断出潜在证候;选取频率>5%的症状进行因子分析,对得到的公因子进行系统聚类分析,根据结果推断潜在证候;综合以上结果分析脓毒症常见证候及其临床特征.结果共纳入文献792篇,证候记录为961条,症状记录为877条.规范后涉及证候48个,出现频率较高的有血瘀证、阳明腑实证、痰热内闭证、阳气暴脱证等,分别为12.70%(122/961)、9.68%(93/961)、9.47%(91/961)、7.80%(75/961);规范后涉及症状179个,出现频率较高的有高热、舌红、口渴、烦躁等,分别为27.82%(244/877)、27.36%(240/877)、27.25%(239/877)、25.54%(244/877).隐结构分析得到43个隐变量,结合专业知识综合聚类,得出血瘀证、阳明腑实证、痰热壅肺证、热毒入营证、阴虚内热证、阳气暴脱证、气虚证、阳虚证、痰浊阻滞证、湿热蕴脾证、热毒炽盛证、邪陷肺卫证12个潜在证候.因子分析得到25个公因子,经系统聚类推断出心阳虚证、痰热壅肺证、阳明腑实证、阳气暴脱证、热毒炽盛证、脾肾阳虚证、气虚证、痰热阴伤证、气虚血瘀证、气阴两虚证、邪陷肺卫证、热闭心包证12个潜在证候.根据中医常见证候及其症状特征的确定标准,最终得到脓毒症的9个常见证候,热毒炽盛证、血瘀证、阳明腑实证、痰热壅肺证、热毒入营证、邪陷肺卫证、气阴两虚证、气虚证、阳气暴脱证.结论脓毒症的常见证候的症状特征显著,可为脓毒症证候诊断标准的制定提供依据.

MatDEM-fast matrix computing of the discrete element method

Discrete element method can effectively simulate the discontinuity,inhomogeneity and large deformation and failure of rock and soil.Based on the innovative matrix computing of the discrete element method,the highperformance discrete element software MatDEM may handle millions of elements in one computer,and enables the discrete element simulation at the engineering scale.It supports heat calculation,multi-field and fluidsolid coupling numerical simulations.Furthermore,the software integrates pre-processing,solver,postprocessing,and powerful secondary development,allowing recompiling new discrete element software.The basic principles of the DEM,the implement and development of the MatDEM software,and its applications are introduced in this paper.The software and sample source code are available online(http://matdem.com).

Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity over MoS_2/ZnIn_2S_4 microspheres

MoS2/ZnIn2S4composites with MoS2anchored on the surface of ZnIn2S4microspheres were synthesized by a two‐step hydrothermal process.The obtained samples were characterized by X‐ray diffraction,field emission scanning electron microscopy,energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy,high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy,X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,ultraviolet–visible diffuse reflectance absorption spectroscopy,nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements,photoluminescence spectroscopy,and photoelectrochemical tests.The influence of the loading of MoS2on the photocatalytic H2evolution activity was investigated using lactic acid as a sacrificial reagent.A H2evolution rate of343μmol/h was achieved under visible light irradiation over the1wt%MoS2/ZnIn2S4composite,corresponding to an apparent quantum efficiency of about3.85%at420nm monochromatic light.The marked improvement of the photocatalytic H2evolution activity compared with ZnIn2S4can be ascribed to efficient transfer and separation of photogenerated charge carriers and facilitation of the photocatalytic H2evolution reaction at the MoS2active sites.

Photoexcited carrier dynamics in a GaAs photoconductive switch under nJ excitation

In this article,the bunched transport of photoexcited carriers in a GaAs photoconductive semiconductor switch(PCSS)with interdigitated electrodes is investigated under femtosecond laser excitation.Continuous outputs featuring high gain are obtained for single shots and at 1 kHz by varying the optical excitation energy.An ensemble three-valley Monte Carlo simulation is utilized to investigate the transient characteristics and the dynamic process of photoexcited carriers.It demonstrates that the presence of a plasma channel can be attributed to the bunching of high-density electron–hole pairs,which are transported in the form of a highdensity filamentary current.The results provide a picture of the evolution of photoexcited carriers during transient switching.A photoinduced heat effect is analyzed,which reveals the related failure mechanism of GaAs PCSS at various repetition rates.

基于德尔菲法的尘肺病证候分布及特征分析

目的:运用德尔菲法分析尘肺病的证候分布及特征。方法:基于前期临床调查研究结果制定专家问卷,采用德尔菲法分析专家积极系数、专家意见集中程度、协调程度及权威程度,判断各证候重要程度、不同分期证候分布及其主、次症。结果:共回收有效问卷21份。专家积极系数为91.3%,权威系数为0.86,协调系数为0.167(χ^(2)=584.710,P=0.000)。尘肺病常见证候为燥邪犯肺证、痰湿阻肺证、肺气虚证、肺脾气虚证、肺肾气虚证,血瘀证。尘肺病一期以燥邪犯肺证为主,二期以痰湿阻肺证、肺气虚证、肺脾气虚证为主,三期以肺肾气虚证、血瘀证为主。对常见证候临床特征进行分析。结论:尘肺病常见证候为燥邪犯肺证、痰湿阻肺证、肺气虚证、肺脾气虚证、肺肾气虚证、血瘀证6种,对不同分期证候的分布及其主、次症进行分析,为尘肺病证候诊断标准建立提供依据。

Distributed Fault-Tolerant Consensus Tracking of Multi-Agent Systems Under Cyber-Attacks

This paper investigates the distributed fault-tolerant consensus tracking problem of nonlinear multi-agent systems with general incipient and abrupt time-varying actuator faults under cyber-attacks.First,a decentralized unknown input observer is established to estimate relative states and actuator faults.Second,the estimated and output neighboring information is combined with distributed fault-tolerant consensus tracking controllers.Criteria of reaching leader-following exponential consensus tracking of multi-agent systems under both connectivity-maintained and connectivity-mixed attacks are derived with average dwelling time,attack frequency,and attack activation rate technique,respectively.Simulation example verifies the effectiveness of the fault-tolerant consensus tracking algorithm.