Liquid phase exfoliation(LPE)process for graphene production is usually carried out in stirred tank reactor and the interactions between the solvent and the graphite particles are important as to improve the productio...Liquid phase exfoliation(LPE)process for graphene production is usually carried out in stirred tank reactor and the interactions between the solvent and the graphite particles are important as to improve the production efficiency.In this paper,these interactions were revealed by computational fluid dynamics–discrete element method(CFD-DEM)method.Based on simulation results,both liquid phase flow hydrodynamics and particle motion behavior have been analyzed,which gave the general information of the multiphase flow behavior inside the stirred tank reactor as to graphene production.By calculating the threshold at the beginning of graphite exfoliation process,the shear force from the slip velocity was determined as the active force.These results can support the optimization of the graphene production process.展开更多
Background:We previously reported that interstitial injection of bleomycin(BLM)reduces the size of early-stage extracranial arteriovenous malformation(AVM).Here,we sought to investigate the potential mechanism of BLM ...Background:We previously reported that interstitial injection of bleomycin(BLM)reduces the size of early-stage extracranial arteriovenous malformation(AVM).Here,we sought to investigate the potential mechanism of BLM in treating extracranial AVM.Methods:Samples of human extracranial AVM(n=3)with no pharmacological treatment were harvested.AVM endothelial cells were isolated and cultured in primary cell culture.The transcriptome was examined using RNAsequencing,and differentially expressed C-type lectin domain family 14 member A(CLEC14A)was validated at the transcriptomic and protein levels.Immunocytochemical staining of CLEC14A was performed in samples of human extracranial AVM,with and without BLM treatment.Results:Through second-generation sequencing,we found that the expression of 5689 genes were differentially increased or decreased following 24-h BLM stimulation.We found that CLEC14A may play an important role in the progression of AVM and can be inhibited by BLM treatment.Conclusion:BLM inhibited CLEC14A expression to attenuate the progression of AVM.展开更多
Background Despite many advances in the treatment for extracranial arteriovenous malformations(AVMs),they still result in tedious dissection and potential unacceptable complications,particularly in children.Therefore,...Background Despite many advances in the treatment for extracranial arteriovenous malformations(AVMs),they still result in tedious dissection and potential unacceptable complications,particularly in children.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of intralesional interstitial injection of bleomycin for the treatment of children with AVMs.Methods A total of 10 children(6 boys and 4 girls)with AVMs were treated with serial interstitial bleomycin injections between May 2014 and January 2017.Maximum single doses of 15 U and 1 U/kg per session were administered for six sessions at a 1-month interval.Therapeutic effectiveness was evaluated and classified into four categories:complete response(CR),partial response(PR),no response,and worsening at 3 months after the last session.Further clinical follow-up outcomes were classified as improved,stable,or aggravated.Adverse events were recorded according to the Society of Interventional Radiology classification.Results All 10 children completed the sessions and follow-ups.CR occurred in 3(30%)patients,PR in 6(60%),and no response in 1(20%).Minor complications(class A)included maculopapular rash,bulla,vomiting,and hyperpigmentation,whereas no major complications occurred.Conclusion Intralesional interstitial injection of bleomycin is a feasible approach for the treatment of AVMs in children and provides safe and effective outcomes.This method may be an earlier treatment alternative in children to prevent potential destructive progression,considering the serious complications of currently available therapeutic methods.展开更多
To obtain the optimal operating conditions of a coupled reactor for pyridine synthesis,reactor modeling process is carried out in this paper.During the modeling process,the flow hydrodynamics,heat transfer behavior,in...To obtain the optimal operating conditions of a coupled reactor for pyridine synthesis,reactor modeling process is carried out in this paper.During the modeling process,the flow hydrodynamics,heat transfer behavior,inter-phase mass transfer behavior and reaction kinetics were taken into consideration consequently.Further,a regression program based on least square method was proposed to regress the model parameters.The prediction results agreed well with the experimental results with an average deviation of 5.9%.Finally,by setting suitable aim function,the optimal operating conditions of the coupled reactor for pyridine synthesis were determined.展开更多
Based on a compulsive mixing-reacting-sepa-rating-recycling small experimental setup,the continuous reaction performances of benzene alkylation with long chain olefins catalyzed by[BMIM]Cl-AlCl 3 ionic liquid were inv...Based on a compulsive mixing-reacting-sepa-rating-recycling small experimental setup,the continuous reaction performances of benzene alkylation with long chain olefins catalyzed by[BMIM]Cl-AlCl 3 ionic liquid were investigated.Three different situations including normal continuous operation mode(reagent materials),sidetrack feeding from different axial positions along the static mixing reactor(reagent materials)and normal con-tinuous alkylation using industrial paraffin and olefins materials were examined.Even under the relatively hype-critical reaction conditions,the single pass conversion of pure 1-dodecene could reach to nearly 100.0%,and the selectivity of 2-phenyl isomer was higher than 37.7%.Although the positions along the reactor for sidetrack feeding were different,the 100.0%single pass conversion of 1-dodecene was also attained before the outlet of the reactor.The refined industrial olefins as raw material could meet with the requirements of continuous alkyla-tion.The influences of impurities such as di-olefins and non-benzene aromatics on the catalytic activity and stability should be studied further.展开更多
The introduction of ionic liquids to alkylation process gives a choice for“green production”in the petrochemical and detergent industry.A lot of papers and patents have been published using chloroaluminate ionic liq...The introduction of ionic liquids to alkylation process gives a choice for“green production”in the petrochemical and detergent industry.A lot of papers and patents have been published using chloroaluminate ionic liquid as a novel catalyst for alkylation with high reactivity and easy separation from reactants.These included the acidity,characterization,determination and catalysis technologies in batch and continuous operation mode for different scales.According to published data and several results of pilot alkylation,including the authors’experience,the prospect of chloroaluminate ionic liquids for commercials was also discussed.It has been pointed out that there still are many difficulties and challenges to be overcome for commercial application of the ionic liquid catalyst.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(U2004176,22008055)Technology Research Project of Henan Province(232102240034)are gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Liquid phase exfoliation(LPE)process for graphene production is usually carried out in stirred tank reactor and the interactions between the solvent and the graphite particles are important as to improve the production efficiency.In this paper,these interactions were revealed by computational fluid dynamics–discrete element method(CFD-DEM)method.Based on simulation results,both liquid phase flow hydrodynamics and particle motion behavior have been analyzed,which gave the general information of the multiphase flow behavior inside the stirred tank reactor as to graphene production.By calculating the threshold at the beginning of graphite exfoliation process,the shear force from the slip velocity was determined as the active force.These results can support the optimization of the graphene production process.
基金supported,in whole or in part,by the Project of Biobank(grant no.YBKA201902)from Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineMulti-center Clinical Research Programs(grant no.DLY201613),Clinical Research Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineRare Disease Registration Platform of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine(grant no.JYHJB02).
文摘Background:We previously reported that interstitial injection of bleomycin(BLM)reduces the size of early-stage extracranial arteriovenous malformation(AVM).Here,we sought to investigate the potential mechanism of BLM in treating extracranial AVM.Methods:Samples of human extracranial AVM(n=3)with no pharmacological treatment were harvested.AVM endothelial cells were isolated and cultured in primary cell culture.The transcriptome was examined using RNAsequencing,and differentially expressed C-type lectin domain family 14 member A(CLEC14A)was validated at the transcriptomic and protein levels.Immunocytochemical staining of CLEC14A was performed in samples of human extracranial AVM,with and without BLM treatment.Results:Through second-generation sequencing,we found that the expression of 5689 genes were differentially increased or decreased following 24-h BLM stimulation.We found that CLEC14A may play an important role in the progression of AVM and can be inhibited by BLM treatment.Conclusion:BLM inhibited CLEC14A expression to attenuate the progression of AVM.
基金This study was supported by the Multi-Center Clinical Research Program(DLY201613)of Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital.
文摘Background Despite many advances in the treatment for extracranial arteriovenous malformations(AVMs),they still result in tedious dissection and potential unacceptable complications,particularly in children.Therefore,this study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of intralesional interstitial injection of bleomycin for the treatment of children with AVMs.Methods A total of 10 children(6 boys and 4 girls)with AVMs were treated with serial interstitial bleomycin injections between May 2014 and January 2017.Maximum single doses of 15 U and 1 U/kg per session were administered for six sessions at a 1-month interval.Therapeutic effectiveness was evaluated and classified into four categories:complete response(CR),partial response(PR),no response,and worsening at 3 months after the last session.Further clinical follow-up outcomes were classified as improved,stable,or aggravated.Adverse events were recorded according to the Society of Interventional Radiology classification.Results All 10 children completed the sessions and follow-ups.CR occurred in 3(30%)patients,PR in 6(60%),and no response in 1(20%).Minor complications(class A)included maculopapular rash,bulla,vomiting,and hyperpigmentation,whereas no major complications occurred.Conclusion Intralesional interstitial injection of bleomycin is a feasible approach for the treatment of AVMs in children and provides safe and effective outcomes.This method may be an earlier treatment alternative in children to prevent potential destructive progression,considering the serious complications of currently available therapeutic methods.
基金supports from the Natural Science Foundation of Henan(grant No.202300410063)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant Nos.91834303,21961132026)+1 种基金the First-class Discipline Construction Project of Henan University(grant No.2019YLZDCG01)the interdisciplinary Research for First-class Discipline Construction Project of Henan University(grant No.2019 YLXKJC04).
文摘To obtain the optimal operating conditions of a coupled reactor for pyridine synthesis,reactor modeling process is carried out in this paper.During the modeling process,the flow hydrodynamics,heat transfer behavior,inter-phase mass transfer behavior and reaction kinetics were taken into consideration consequently.Further,a regression program based on least square method was proposed to regress the model parameters.The prediction results agreed well with the experimental results with an average deviation of 5.9%.Finally,by setting suitable aim function,the optimal operating conditions of the coupled reactor for pyridine synthesis were determined.
基金This work was supported by the National Program on Key Basic Research Project(G2000048006)Research Foundation of Henan University(05YBZR025).
文摘Based on a compulsive mixing-reacting-sepa-rating-recycling small experimental setup,the continuous reaction performances of benzene alkylation with long chain olefins catalyzed by[BMIM]Cl-AlCl 3 ionic liquid were investigated.Three different situations including normal continuous operation mode(reagent materials),sidetrack feeding from different axial positions along the static mixing reactor(reagent materials)and normal con-tinuous alkylation using industrial paraffin and olefins materials were examined.Even under the relatively hype-critical reaction conditions,the single pass conversion of pure 1-dodecene could reach to nearly 100.0%,and the selectivity of 2-phenyl isomer was higher than 37.7%.Although the positions along the reactor for sidetrack feeding were different,the 100.0%single pass conversion of 1-dodecene was also attained before the outlet of the reactor.The refined industrial olefins as raw material could meet with the requirements of continuous alkyla-tion.The influences of impurities such as di-olefins and non-benzene aromatics on the catalytic activity and stability should be studied further.
文摘The introduction of ionic liquids to alkylation process gives a choice for“green production”in the petrochemical and detergent industry.A lot of papers and patents have been published using chloroaluminate ionic liquid as a novel catalyst for alkylation with high reactivity and easy separation from reactants.These included the acidity,characterization,determination and catalysis technologies in batch and continuous operation mode for different scales.According to published data and several results of pilot alkylation,including the authors’experience,the prospect of chloroaluminate ionic liquids for commercials was also discussed.It has been pointed out that there still are many difficulties and challenges to be overcome for commercial application of the ionic liquid catalyst.