Detecting changes in surface air temperature in mid-and low-altitude mountainous regions is essential for a comprehensive understanding of warming trend with altitude.We use daily surface air temperature data from 64 ...Detecting changes in surface air temperature in mid-and low-altitude mountainous regions is essential for a comprehensive understanding of warming trend with altitude.We use daily surface air temperature data from 64 meteorological stations in Wuyi Mountains and its adjacent regions to analyze the spatio-temporal patterns of temperature change.The results show that Wuyi Mountains have experienced significant warming from 1961 to 2018.The warming trend of the mean temperature is 0.20℃/decade,the maximum temperature is 0.17℃/decade,and the minimum temperature is 0.26℃/decade.In 1961-1990,more than 63%of the stations showed a decreasing trend in annual mean temperature,mainly because the maximum temperature decreased during this period.However,in 1971-2000,1981-2010 and 1991-2018,the maximum,minimum and mean temperatures increased.The fastest increasing trend of mean temperature occurred in the southeastern coastal plains,the quickest increasing trend of maximum temperature occurred in the northwestern mountainous region,and the increase of minimum temperature occurred faster in the southeastern coastal and northwestern mountainous regions than that in the central area.Meanwhile,this study suggests that elevation does not affect warming in the Wuyi Mountains.These results are beneficial for understanding climate change in humid subtropical middle and low mountains.展开更多
目的:消化内镜在消化系统疾病诊疗中发挥重要作用。消化内镜诊疗满意度会直接影响患者的依从性,进而影响治疗效果。目前国内暂无评估消化内镜诊疗满意度的量表。本研究拟编制适合中国国情的消化内镜诊疗满意度量表,并评估其信效度,为临...目的:消化内镜在消化系统疾病诊疗中发挥重要作用。消化内镜诊疗满意度会直接影响患者的依从性,进而影响治疗效果。目前国内暂无评估消化内镜诊疗满意度的量表。本研究拟编制适合中国国情的消化内镜诊疗满意度量表,并评估其信效度,为临床评估消化内镜诊疗满意度提供工具。方法:通过查阅文献、访谈资深内镜医生和量表专家的方式编制消化内镜诊疗满意度原始量表。利用原始量表对120例患者进行第1轮调查,根据调查结果对原始量表进行分析、评价和修改,得到消化内镜诊疗满意度正式量表(以下简称“正式量表”);利用正式量表对另外200例患者进行第2轮调查,并根据调查结果对量表进行信度和效度的分析与评价。结果:原始量表信度良好但效度不佳。正式量表共有2个维度10个条目,克龙巴赫系数和分半信度系数分别为0.889和0.823,结构效度指标中,χ^(2)/df为2.513,近似误差均方根(root mean square error of approximation,RMSEA)为0.094,拟合优度指数(goodness of fit index,GFI)为0.914,调整后拟合优度指数(adjusted goodness of fit index,AGFI)为0.861,比较拟合指数(comparative fit index,CFI)为0.946,规范拟合指数(normed fit index,NFI)为0.915。聚合效度一般,区分效度良好,患者直接评分与量表总分具有较强的相关性。结论:消化内镜诊疗满意度量表具有良好的信效度,可以作为中国临床评估消化内镜诊疗满意度的工具。展开更多
Based on runoff, air temperature, and precipitation data from 1960 to 2010, the effects of climate change on water resources in the arid region of the northwestern China were investigated. The long-term trends of hydr...Based on runoff, air temperature, and precipitation data from 1960 to 2010, the effects of climate change on water resources in the arid region of the northwestern China were investigated. The long-term trends of hydroclimatic variables were studied by using both Mann-Kendall test and distributed-free cumulative sum （CUSUM） chart test. Results indicate that the mean annual air temperature increases significantly from 1960 to 2010. The annual precipitation exhibits an increasing trend, especially in the south slope of the Tianshan Mountains and the North Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang in the study period. Step changes occur in 1988 in the mean annual air temperature time series and in 1991 in the precipitation time series. The runoff in different basins shows different trends, i.e., significantly increasing in the Kaidu River, the Aksu River and the Shule River, and decreasing in the Shiyang River. Correlation analy- sis reveals that the runoff in the North Xinjiang （i.e., the Weigan River, the Heihe River, and the Shiyang River） has a strong positive relationship with rainfall, while that in the south slope of the Tianshan Mountains, the middle section of the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains and the Shule River has a strong positive relationship with air temperature. The trends of rtmoff have strong negative correla- tions with glacier coverage and the proportion of glacier water in runoff. From the late 1980s, the climate has become warm and wet in the arid region of the northwestern China. The change in runoff is interacted with air temperature, precipitation and glacier coverage. The results show that streamflow in the arid region of the northwestern China is sensitive to climate change, which can be used as a reference for regional water resource assessment and management.展开更多
目的:消化内镜是消化系统疾病的重要诊治手段,消化内镜人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)辅助系统(以下简称“消化内镜AI”)在消化内镜领域中具有广泛的应用前景。内镜受检者的信任和接受是消化内镜AI研发、应用、推广的基石,目前...目的:消化内镜是消化系统疾病的重要诊治手段,消化内镜人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)辅助系统(以下简称“消化内镜AI”)在消化内镜领域中具有广泛的应用前景。内镜受检者的信任和接受是消化内镜AI研发、应用、推广的基石,目前国内外缺乏受检者对消化内镜AI接受度的衡量工具。本研究旨在编制受检者对消化内镜AI接受度量表,并评估其信效度。方法:通过文献调查构建条目池和维度,运用Delphi法构建初版量表。对受检者进行第1阶段的问卷调查,根据数据对量表进行信效度检验;利用修改后的量表对受检者进行第2阶段调查,进一步验证量表的结构效度。结果:受检者对消化内镜AI接受度量表包含准确性、伦理、获益与意愿3个维度11个条目。第1阶段调查收回有效问卷351份,总克龙巴赫α系数为0.864;量表总分与验证条目得分的相关系数为0.636,结构效度中KMO(Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin)值为0.788。第2阶段调查收回有效问卷335份,结构效度中χ^(2)/df为3.774,近似均方根误差(root mean squared error of approximation,RMSEA)为0.091。结论:本研究编制的受检者对消化内镜AI接受度量表具有良好的信效度。展开更多
基金supported by the Projects for National Natural Science Foundation of China(U22A20554)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2023J01285)+1 种基金the Public Welfare Scientific Institutions of Fujian Province(2022R1002005)the Scientific Project from Fujian Provincial Department of Science and Technology(2022Y0007).
文摘Detecting changes in surface air temperature in mid-and low-altitude mountainous regions is essential for a comprehensive understanding of warming trend with altitude.We use daily surface air temperature data from 64 meteorological stations in Wuyi Mountains and its adjacent regions to analyze the spatio-temporal patterns of temperature change.The results show that Wuyi Mountains have experienced significant warming from 1961 to 2018.The warming trend of the mean temperature is 0.20℃/decade,the maximum temperature is 0.17℃/decade,and the minimum temperature is 0.26℃/decade.In 1961-1990,more than 63%of the stations showed a decreasing trend in annual mean temperature,mainly because the maximum temperature decreased during this period.However,in 1971-2000,1981-2010 and 1991-2018,the maximum,minimum and mean temperatures increased.The fastest increasing trend of mean temperature occurred in the southeastern coastal plains,the quickest increasing trend of maximum temperature occurred in the northwestern mountainous region,and the increase of minimum temperature occurred faster in the southeastern coastal and northwestern mountainous regions than that in the central area.Meanwhile,this study suggests that elevation does not affect warming in the Wuyi Mountains.These results are beneficial for understanding climate change in humid subtropical middle and low mountains.
文摘目的:消化内镜在消化系统疾病诊疗中发挥重要作用。消化内镜诊疗满意度会直接影响患者的依从性,进而影响治疗效果。目前国内暂无评估消化内镜诊疗满意度的量表。本研究拟编制适合中国国情的消化内镜诊疗满意度量表,并评估其信效度,为临床评估消化内镜诊疗满意度提供工具。方法:通过查阅文献、访谈资深内镜医生和量表专家的方式编制消化内镜诊疗满意度原始量表。利用原始量表对120例患者进行第1轮调查,根据调查结果对原始量表进行分析、评价和修改,得到消化内镜诊疗满意度正式量表(以下简称“正式量表”);利用正式量表对另外200例患者进行第2轮调查,并根据调查结果对量表进行信度和效度的分析与评价。结果:原始量表信度良好但效度不佳。正式量表共有2个维度10个条目,克龙巴赫系数和分半信度系数分别为0.889和0.823,结构效度指标中,χ^(2)/df为2.513,近似误差均方根(root mean square error of approximation,RMSEA)为0.094,拟合优度指数(goodness of fit index,GFI)为0.914,调整后拟合优度指数(adjusted goodness of fit index,AGFI)为0.861,比较拟合指数(comparative fit index,CFI)为0.946,规范拟合指数(normed fit index,NFI)为0.915。聚合效度一般,区分效度良好,患者直接评分与量表总分具有较强的相关性。结论:消化内镜诊疗满意度量表具有良好的信效度,可以作为中国临床评估消化内镜诊疗满意度的工具。
基金Under the auspices of Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(No.2010CB951003)the National Climate Central,China Meteorological Administration,for providing the meteorological data for this study
文摘Based on runoff, air temperature, and precipitation data from 1960 to 2010, the effects of climate change on water resources in the arid region of the northwestern China were investigated. The long-term trends of hydroclimatic variables were studied by using both Mann-Kendall test and distributed-free cumulative sum （CUSUM） chart test. Results indicate that the mean annual air temperature increases significantly from 1960 to 2010. The annual precipitation exhibits an increasing trend, especially in the south slope of the Tianshan Mountains and the North Uygur Autonomous Region of Xinjiang in the study period. Step changes occur in 1988 in the mean annual air temperature time series and in 1991 in the precipitation time series. The runoff in different basins shows different trends, i.e., significantly increasing in the Kaidu River, the Aksu River and the Shule River, and decreasing in the Shiyang River. Correlation analy- sis reveals that the runoff in the North Xinjiang （i.e., the Weigan River, the Heihe River, and the Shiyang River） has a strong positive relationship with rainfall, while that in the south slope of the Tianshan Mountains, the middle section of the north slope of the Tianshan Mountains and the Shule River has a strong positive relationship with air temperature. The trends of rtmoff have strong negative correla- tions with glacier coverage and the proportion of glacier water in runoff. From the late 1980s, the climate has become warm and wet in the arid region of the northwestern China. The change in runoff is interacted with air temperature, precipitation and glacier coverage. The results show that streamflow in the arid region of the northwestern China is sensitive to climate change, which can be used as a reference for regional water resource assessment and management.
文摘目的:消化内镜是消化系统疾病的重要诊治手段,消化内镜人工智能(artificial intelligence,AI)辅助系统(以下简称“消化内镜AI”)在消化内镜领域中具有广泛的应用前景。内镜受检者的信任和接受是消化内镜AI研发、应用、推广的基石,目前国内外缺乏受检者对消化内镜AI接受度的衡量工具。本研究旨在编制受检者对消化内镜AI接受度量表,并评估其信效度。方法:通过文献调查构建条目池和维度,运用Delphi法构建初版量表。对受检者进行第1阶段的问卷调查,根据数据对量表进行信效度检验;利用修改后的量表对受检者进行第2阶段调查,进一步验证量表的结构效度。结果:受检者对消化内镜AI接受度量表包含准确性、伦理、获益与意愿3个维度11个条目。第1阶段调查收回有效问卷351份,总克龙巴赫α系数为0.864;量表总分与验证条目得分的相关系数为0.636,结构效度中KMO(Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin)值为0.788。第2阶段调查收回有效问卷335份,结构效度中χ^(2)/df为3.774,近似均方根误差(root mean squared error of approximation,RMSEA)为0.091。结论:本研究编制的受检者对消化内镜AI接受度量表具有良好的信效度。
