Dear Editor, Collision avoidance is critical for safe operations of multiple autonomous surface vehicles(ASVs). It is a challenging task to design collision-free control laws to ensure safety, especially in a crowded ...Dear Editor, Collision avoidance is critical for safe operations of multiple autonomous surface vehicles(ASVs). It is a challenging task to design collision-free control laws to ensure safety, especially in a crowded sea environment. This letter presents a collision-free pointto-point transition strategy for multiple ASVs subject to static obstacles, dynamic obstacles and neighboring ASVs based on control barrier functions(CBFs).展开更多
03-type layered metal oxides hold great promise for sodium-ion batteries cathodes owing to their energy density advantage.However,the severe irreversible phase transition and sluggish Na^(+)diffusion kinetics pose sig...03-type layered metal oxides hold great promise for sodium-ion batteries cathodes owing to their energy density advantage.However,the severe irreversible phase transition and sluggish Na^(+)diffusion kinetics pose significant challenges to achieve high-performance layered cathodes.Herein,a boron-doped03-type high entropy oxide Na(Fe_(0.2)Co_(0.15)Cu_(0.05)Ni_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)Ti_(0.2))B_(0.02)O_(2)(NFCCNMT-B_(0.02))is designed and the covalent B-O bonds with high entropy configuration ensure a robust layered structure.The obtained cathode NFCCNMT-B_(0.02)exhibits impressive cycling performance(capacity retention of 95%and 82%after100 cycles and 300 cycles at 1 and 10 C,respectively)and outstanding rate capability(capacity of 83 mAh g^(-1)at 10 C).Furthermore,the NFCCNMT-B_(0.02)demonstrates a superior wide-temperature performance,maintaining the same capacity level(113,4 mAh g^(-1)@-20℃,121 mAh g^(-1)@25℃,and 119 mAh g^(-1)@60℃)and superior cycle stability(90%capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1 C at-20℃).The high-entropy configuration design with boron doping strategy contributes to the excellent sodium-ion storage performance.The high-entropy configuration design effectively suppresses irreversible phase transitions accompanied by small volume changes(ΔV=0.65 A3).B ions doping expands the Na layer distance and enlarges the P3 phase region,thereby enhancing Na^(+)diffusion kinetics.This work offers valuable insights into design of high-performance layered cathodes for sodium-ion batteries operating across a wide temperature.展开更多
We demonstrate coherent optical frequency dissemination over a distance of 972 km by cascading two spans where the phase noise is passively compensated for.Instead of employing a phase discriminator and a phase lockin...We demonstrate coherent optical frequency dissemination over a distance of 972 km by cascading two spans where the phase noise is passively compensated for.Instead of employing a phase discriminator and a phase locking loop in the conventional active phase control scheme,the passive phase noise cancellation is realized by feeding double-trip beat-note frequency to the driver of the acoustic optical modulator at the local site.This passive scheme exhibits fine robustness and reliability,making it suitable for long-distance and noisy fiber links.An optical regeneration station is used in the link for signal amplification and cascaded transmission.The phase noise cancellation and transfer instability of the 972-km link is investigated,and transfer instability of 1.1×10^(-19)at 10^(4)s is achieved.This work provides a promising method for realizing optical frequency distribution over thousands of kilometers by using fiber links.展开更多
BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria,exacerbated by excessive use of antimicrobials and immunosuppressants,are a major health threat.AIM To study the clinical efficacy and safety of colistin sulfate i...BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria,exacerbated by excessive use of antimicrobials and immunosuppressants,are a major health threat.AIM To study the clinical efficacy and safety of colistin sulfate in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli-induced pneumonia,and to provide theoretical reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.METHODS This retrospective analysis involved 54 patients with Gram-negative bacilli pneumonia admitted to intensive care unit of The General Hospital of the Northern Theater Command of the People's Liberation Army of China from August 2020 to June 2022.After bacteriological culture,the patients'airway secretions were collected to confirm the presence of Gram-negative bacilli.The patients were divided into the experimental and control groups according to the medication used.The research group consisted of 28 patients who received polymyxin sulfate combined with other drugs through intravenous,nebulization,or intravenous combined with nebulization,with a daily dosage of 1.5–3.0 million units.The control group consisted of 26 patients who received standard dosages of other antibiotics(including sulbactam sodium for injection,cefoperazone sodium sulbactam for injection,tigecycline,meropenem,or vaborbactam).RESULTS Of the 28 patients included in the research group,26 patients showed improvement,treatment was ineffective for two patients,and one patient died,with the treatment efficacy rate of 92.82%.Of the 26 patients in the control group,18 patients improved,treatment was ineffective for eight patients,and two patients died,with the treatment efficacy rate of 54.9%;significant difference was observed between the two groups(P<0.05).The levels of white blood cell(WBC),procalcitonin(PCT),and C-reactive protein(CRP)in both groups were significantly lower after treatment than before treatment(P<0.05),and the levels of WBC,PCT,and CRP in the research group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with before treatment,there were no significant changes in aspartate aminotransferase,creatinine,and glomerular filtration rate in both groups,while total bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase decreased after treatment(P<0.05)with no difference between the groups.In patients with good clinical outcomes,the sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score was low when treated with inhaled polymyxin sulfate,and specific antibiotic treatment did not improve the outcome.Sepsis and septic shock as well as a low SOFA score were independent factors associated with good clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION Polymyxin sulfate has a significant effect on the treatment of patients with multiple drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli pneumonia and other infections in the lungs and is safe and reliable.Moreover,the administration route of low-dose intravenous injection combined with nebulization shows better therapeutic effects and lower adverse reactions,providing new ideas for clinical administration.展开更多
Social dysfunction is a risk factor for several neuropsychiatric illnesses.Previous studies have shown that the lateral septum(LS)-related pathway plays a critical role in mediating social behaviors.Howeve r,the role ...Social dysfunction is a risk factor for several neuropsychiatric illnesses.Previous studies have shown that the lateral septum(LS)-related pathway plays a critical role in mediating social behaviors.Howeve r,the role of the connections between the LS and its downstream brain regions in social behavio rs remains unclea r.In this study,we conducted a three-chamber test using electrophysiological and chemogenetic approaches in mice to determine how LS projections to ventral CA1(vCA1)influence sociability.Our res ults showed that gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)-e rgic neuro ns were activated following social experience,and that social behavio rs were enhanced by chemogenetic modulation of these neurons.Moreover,LS GABAergic neurons extended their functional neural connections via vCA1 glutamatergic pyramidal neurons,and regulating LSGABA→vCA1Gluneural projections affected social behaviors,which were impeded by suppressing LSprojecting vCA1 neuronal activity or inhibiting GABAAreceptors in vCA1.These findings support the hypothesis that LS inputs to the vCA1 can control social prefe rences and social novelty behaviors.These findings provide new insights rega rding the neural circuits that regulate sociability.展开更多
The Hot Dry Rock(HDR)is considered as a clean and renewable energy,poised to significantly contribute to the global energy decarbonization agenda.Many HDR projects worldwide have accumulated valuable experience in eff...The Hot Dry Rock(HDR)is considered as a clean and renewable energy,poised to significantly contribute to the global energy decarbonization agenda.Many HDR projects worldwide have accumulated valuable experience in efficient drilling and completion,reservoir construction,and fracture simulation.In 2019,China Geological Survey(CGS)initiated a demonstration project of HDR exploration and production in the Gonghe Basin,aiming to overcome the setbacks faced by HDR projects.Over the ensuing four years,the Gonghe HDR project achieved the first power generation in 2021,followed by the second power generation test in 2022.After establishing the primary well group in the initial phase,two directional wells and one branch well were drilled.Noteworthy progress was made in successfully constructing the targeted reservoir,realizing inter-well connectivity,power generation and grid connection,implementing of the real-time micro-seismic monitoring.A closed-loop technical validation of the HDR exploration and production was completed.However,many technical challenges remain in the process of HDR industrialization,such as reservoir fracture network characterization,efficient drilling and completion,multiple fracturing treatment,continuous injection and production,as well as mitigation of induced seismicity and numerical simulation technology.展开更多
In this paper,we review the development of a phase theory for systems and networks in its first five years,represented by a trilogy:Matrix phases and their properties;The MIMO LTI system phase response,its physical in...In this paper,we review the development of a phase theory for systems and networks in its first five years,represented by a trilogy:Matrix phases and their properties;The MIMO LTI system phase response,its physical interpretations,the small phase theorem,and the sectored real lemma;The synchronization of a multi-agent network using phase alignment.Towards the end,we also summarize a list of ongoing research on the phase theory and speculate what will happen in the next five years.展开更多
Magnetic field and microorganisms are important factors influencing the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)of buried oil and gas pipelines. Once SCC occurs in buried pipelines, it will cause serious hazards to the soil env...Magnetic field and microorganisms are important factors influencing the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)of buried oil and gas pipelines. Once SCC occurs in buried pipelines, it will cause serious hazards to the soil environment. The SCC behavior of X80 pipeline steel under the magnetic field and sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB) environment was investigated by immersion tests, electrochemical tests, and slow strain rate tensile(SSRT) tests. The results showed that the corrosion and SCC sensitivity of X80 steel decreased with increasing the magnetic field strength in the sterile environment. The SCC sensitivity was higher in the biotic environment inoculated with SRB, but it also decreased with increasing magnetic field strength, which was due to the magnetic field reduces microbial activity and promotes the formation of dense film layer. This work provided theoretical guidance on the prevention of SCC in pipeline steel under magnetic field and SRB coexistence.展开更多
Soil organic carbon(SOC)affects the function of terrestrial ecosystem and plays a vital role in global carbon cycle.Yet,large uncertainty still existed regarding the changes in SOC stock and quality with forest succes...Soil organic carbon(SOC)affects the function of terrestrial ecosystem and plays a vital role in global carbon cycle.Yet,large uncertainty still existed regarding the changes in SOC stock and quality with forest succession.Here,the stock and quality of SOC at 1-m soil profile were investigated across a subalpine forest series,including shrub,deciduous broad-leaved forest,broadleaf-conifer mixed forest,middle-age coniferous forest and mature coniferous forest,which located at southeast of Tibetan Plateau.The results showed that SOC stock ranged from 9.8 to29.9 kg·m^(-2),and exhibited a hump-shaped response pattern across the forest successional series.The highest and lowest SOC stock was observed in the mixed forest and shrub forest,respectively.The SOC stock had no significant relationships with soil temperature and litter stock,but was positively correlated with wood debris stock.Meanwhile,the average percentages of polysaccharides,lignins,aromatics and aliphatics based on FTIR spectroscopy were 79.89%,0.94%,18.87%and 0.29%,respectively.Furthermore,the percentage of polysaccharides exhibited an increasing pattern across the forest successional series except for the sudden decreasing in the mixed forest,while the proportions of lignins,aromatics and aliphatics exhibited a decreasing pattern across the forest successional series except for the sudden increasing in the mixed forest.Consequently,the humification indices(HIs)were highest in the mixed forest compared to the other four successional stages,which means that the SOC quality in mixed forest was worse than other successional stages.In addition,the SOC stock,recalcitrant fractions and HIs decreased with increasing soil depth,while the polysaccharides exhibited an increasing pattern.These findings demonstrate that the mixed forest had higher SOC stock and worse SOC quality than other successional stages.The high proportion of SOC stock(66%at depth of 20-100 cm)and better SOC quality(lower HIs)indicate that deep soil have tremendous potential to store SOC and needs more attention under global chan ge.展开更多
Transparent photoresists with a high refractive index(RI)and high transmittance in visible wavelengths have promising functionalities in optical fields.This work reports a kind of tunable optical material composed of ...Transparent photoresists with a high refractive index(RI)and high transmittance in visible wavelengths have promising functionalities in optical fields.This work reports a kind of tunable optical material composed of titanium dioxide nanoparticles embedded in acrylic resin with a high RI for ultraviolet(UV)-imprint lithography.The hybrid film exhibits a tunable RI of up to 1.67(589 nm)after being cured by UV light,while maintaining both a high transparency of over 98%in the visible light range and a low haze of less than 0.05%.The precision machining of optical microstructures can be imprinted easily and efficiently using the hybrid resin,which acts as a light guide plate(LGP)to guide the light from the side to the top in order to conserve the energy of the display device.These preliminary studies based on both laboratory and commercial experiments pave the way for exploiting the unparalleled optical properties of nanocomposite resins and promoting their industrial application.展开更多
Metal–organic gel(MOG)derived composites are promising multi-functional materials due to their alterable composition,identifiable chemical homogeneity,tunable shape,and porous structure.Herein,stable metal–organic h...Metal–organic gel(MOG)derived composites are promising multi-functional materials due to their alterable composition,identifiable chemical homogeneity,tunable shape,and porous structure.Herein,stable metal–organic hydrogels are prepared by regulating the complexation effect,solution polarity and curing speed.Meanwhile,collagen peptide is used to facilitate the fabrication of a porous aerogel with excellent physical properties as well as the homogeneous dispersion of magnetic particles during calcination.Subsequently,two kinds of heterometallic magnetic coupling systems are obtained through the application of Kirkendall effect.FeCo/nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)aerogel demonstrates an ultra-strong microwave absorption of−85 dB at an ultra-low loading of 5%.After reducing the time taken by atom shifting,a FeCo/Fe3O4/NC aerogel containing virus-shaped particles is obtained,which achieves an ultra-broad absorption of 7.44 GHz at an ultra-thin thickness of 1.59 mm due to the coupling effect offered by dual-soft-magnetic particles.Furthermore,both aerogels show excellent thermal insulation property,and their outstanding radar stealth performances in J-20 aircraft are confirmed by computer simulation technology.The formation mechanism of MOG is also discussed along with the thermal insulation and electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of the aerogels,which will enable the development and application of novel and lightweight stealth coatings.展开更多
Background:The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of marking meth-ods on the outcomes of body composition analysis and provide guidance for the se-lection of marking methods in mouse body composition a...Background:The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of marking meth-ods on the outcomes of body composition analysis and provide guidance for the se-lection of marking methods in mouse body composition analysis.Methods:Male C57BL/6J mice aged 6 weeks were randomly assigned for pre-and post-ear tagging measurements.The body composition of the mice was measured using a small animal body composition analyzer,which provided measurements of the mass of fat,lean,and free fluid.Then,the mass of fat,lean and free fluid to body weight ratio was gained.Further data analysis was conducted to obtain the range and coeffi-cient of variation in body composition measurements for each mouse.The distribution of fat and lean tissue in the mice was also analyzed by comparing the fat-to-lean ratio.Results:(1)The mass of all body composition components in the ear tagging group was significantly lower than that in the control group.(2)There was a significant in-crease in the range and coefficient of variation of body composition measurements between the ear tagging group and the control group.(3)The fat-to-lean ratio in the ear tagging group was significantly lower than that in the control group.Conclusions:Ear tagging significantly lowered the results of body composition analy-sis in mice and higher the results of measurement error.Therefore,ear tagging should be avoided as much as possible when conducting body composition analysis experi-ments in mice.展开更多
Glucosinolates(GSLs) are a group of nitrogen-and sulfur-containing secondary metabolites, synthesized primarily in members of the Brassicaceae family, that play an important role in food flavor, plant antimicrobial ac...Glucosinolates(GSLs) are a group of nitrogen-and sulfur-containing secondary metabolites, synthesized primarily in members of the Brassicaceae family, that play an important role in food flavor, plant antimicrobial activity, resistance to insect attack, stress tolerance, and human anti-cancer effects. As a sulfur-containing compound, glutathione has a strong connection with GSLs biosynthesis as a sulfur donor or redox system, and exists in reduced(glutathione;GSH) and oxidized(glutathione disulfide;GSSG) forms. However, the mechanism of GSH regulating GSLs biosynthesis remainds unclear. Hence, the exogenous therapy to pakchoi under normal growth condition and sulfur deficiency condition were conducted in this work to explore the relevant mechanism. The results showed that exogenous application of buthionine sulfoximine, an inhibitor of GSH synthesis, decreased the transcript levels of GSLs synthesis-related genes and transcription factors, as well as sulfur assimilation-related genes under the normal growth condition. Application of exogenous GSH inhibited the expression of GSLs synthesis-and sulfur assimilation-related genes under the normal condition, while the GSLs biosynthesis and the sulfur assimilation pathway were activated by exogenous application of GSH when the content of GSH in vivo of plants decreased owing to sulfur deficiency. Moreover,exogenous application of GSSG increased the transcript levels of GSLs synthesis-and sulfur assimilation-related genes under the normal growth condition and under sulfur deficiency. The present work provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of GSLs biosynthesis underlying glutathione regulation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a highly malignant and aggressive tumor,and high Ki-67 expression indicates poor histological differentiation and prognosis.Therefore,one of the challenges in diagno...BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a highly malignant and aggressive tumor,and high Ki-67 expression indicates poor histological differentiation and prognosis.Therefore,one of the challenges in diagnosing preoperatively patients with PDAC is predicting the degree of malignancy.Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(DCE-US)plays a crucial role in abdominal tumor diagnosis,and can adequately show the microvascular composition within the tumors.However,the relationship between DCE-US and the Ki-67 labelling index remains unclear at the present time.AIM To predict the correlation between Ki-67 expression and the parameters of DCEUS.METHODS Patients with PDAC who underwent DCE-US were retrospectively analyzed.Patients who had received any treatment(radiotherapy or chemotherapy)prior to DCE-US;had incomplete clinical,imaging,or pathologic information;and had poor-quality image analysis were excluded.Correlations between Ki-67 expression and the parameters of DCE-US in patients with PDAC were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation analysis.The diagnostic performances of these parameters in high Ki-67 expression group were evaluated according to receiver operating characteristic curve.RESULTS Based on the Ki-67 labelling index,30 patients were divided into two groups,i.e.,the high expression group and the low expression group.Among the relative quantitative parameters between the two groups,relative half-decrease time(rHDT),relative peak enhancement,relative wash-in perfusion index and relative wash-in rate were significantly different between two groups(P=0.018,P=0.025,P=0.028,P=0.035,respectively).The DCE-US parameter rHDT was moderately correlated with Ki-67 expression,and rHDT≥1.07 was more helpful in accurately diagnosing high Ki-67 expression,exhibiting a sensitivity and specificity of 53.8%and 94.1%,respectively.CONCLUSION One parameter of DCE-US,rHDT,correlates with high Ki-67 expression.It demonstrates that parameters obtained noninvasively by DCE-US could better predict Ki-67 expression in PDAC preoperatively.展开更多
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)affects approximately 25%of the world's population and has become a leading cause of chronic liver disease.In recent years,an increasing amount of dat...Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)affects approximately 25%of the world's population and has become a leading cause of chronic liver disease.In recent years,an increasing amount of data suggests that MASLD is associated with aging.As the population ages,age-related MASLD will become a major global health problem.Targeting an aging will become a new approach to the treatment of MASLD.This paper reviews the current studies on the role of aging-related factors and therapeutic targets in MASLD,including:Oxidative stress,autophagy,mitochondrial homeostasis,bile acid metabolism homeostasis,and dysbiosis.The aim is to identify effective therapeutic targets for age-related MASLD and its progression.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key R and D Program of China(2022ZD0119902)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52271304,51979020,52071044)+4 种基金the Top-notch Young Talents Program of China(36261402)in part by the Liaoning Revitalization Talents Program(XLYC2007188)Highlevel Talents Innovation Support Program(2022RY07,2022RQ010)the Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund(2022JJ12 GX034)the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China(2022M720619)。
文摘Dear Editor, Collision avoidance is critical for safe operations of multiple autonomous surface vehicles(ASVs). It is a challenging task to design collision-free control laws to ensure safety, especially in a crowded sea environment. This letter presents a collision-free pointto-point transition strategy for multiple ASVs subject to static obstacles, dynamic obstacles and neighboring ASVs based on control barrier functions(CBFs).
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52071073,52177208,and52171202)Hebei Province“333 talent project”(No.C20221012)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Hebei Education Department(BJK2023005)Hebei Province Graduate Innovation Funding Program CXZZBS2024177。
文摘03-type layered metal oxides hold great promise for sodium-ion batteries cathodes owing to their energy density advantage.However,the severe irreversible phase transition and sluggish Na^(+)diffusion kinetics pose significant challenges to achieve high-performance layered cathodes.Herein,a boron-doped03-type high entropy oxide Na(Fe_(0.2)Co_(0.15)Cu_(0.05)Ni_(0.2)Mn_(0.2)Ti_(0.2))B_(0.02)O_(2)(NFCCNMT-B_(0.02))is designed and the covalent B-O bonds with high entropy configuration ensure a robust layered structure.The obtained cathode NFCCNMT-B_(0.02)exhibits impressive cycling performance(capacity retention of 95%and 82%after100 cycles and 300 cycles at 1 and 10 C,respectively)and outstanding rate capability(capacity of 83 mAh g^(-1)at 10 C).Furthermore,the NFCCNMT-B_(0.02)demonstrates a superior wide-temperature performance,maintaining the same capacity level(113,4 mAh g^(-1)@-20℃,121 mAh g^(-1)@25℃,and 119 mAh g^(-1)@60℃)and superior cycle stability(90%capacity retention after 100 cycles at 1 C at-20℃).The high-entropy configuration design with boron doping strategy contributes to the excellent sodium-ion storage performance.The high-entropy configuration design effectively suppresses irreversible phase transitions accompanied by small volume changes(ΔV=0.65 A3).B ions doping expands the Na layer distance and enlarges the P3 phase region,thereby enhancing Na^(+)diffusion kinetics.This work offers valuable insights into design of high-performance layered cathodes for sodium-ion batteries operating across a wide temperature.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12103059,12033007,12303077,and 12303076)the Fund from the Xi’an Science and Technology Bureau,China(Grant No.E019XK1S04)the Fund from the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.1188000XGJ).
文摘We demonstrate coherent optical frequency dissemination over a distance of 972 km by cascading two spans where the phase noise is passively compensated for.Instead of employing a phase discriminator and a phase locking loop in the conventional active phase control scheme,the passive phase noise cancellation is realized by feeding double-trip beat-note frequency to the driver of the acoustic optical modulator at the local site.This passive scheme exhibits fine robustness and reliability,making it suitable for long-distance and noisy fiber links.An optical regeneration station is used in the link for signal amplification and cascaded transmission.The phase noise cancellation and transfer instability of the 972-km link is investigated,and transfer instability of 1.1×10^(-19)at 10^(4)s is achieved.This work provides a promising method for realizing optical frequency distribution over thousands of kilometers by using fiber links.
文摘BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria,exacerbated by excessive use of antimicrobials and immunosuppressants,are a major health threat.AIM To study the clinical efficacy and safety of colistin sulfate in the treatment of carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli-induced pneumonia,and to provide theoretical reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.METHODS This retrospective analysis involved 54 patients with Gram-negative bacilli pneumonia admitted to intensive care unit of The General Hospital of the Northern Theater Command of the People's Liberation Army of China from August 2020 to June 2022.After bacteriological culture,the patients'airway secretions were collected to confirm the presence of Gram-negative bacilli.The patients were divided into the experimental and control groups according to the medication used.The research group consisted of 28 patients who received polymyxin sulfate combined with other drugs through intravenous,nebulization,or intravenous combined with nebulization,with a daily dosage of 1.5–3.0 million units.The control group consisted of 26 patients who received standard dosages of other antibiotics(including sulbactam sodium for injection,cefoperazone sodium sulbactam for injection,tigecycline,meropenem,or vaborbactam).RESULTS Of the 28 patients included in the research group,26 patients showed improvement,treatment was ineffective for two patients,and one patient died,with the treatment efficacy rate of 92.82%.Of the 26 patients in the control group,18 patients improved,treatment was ineffective for eight patients,and two patients died,with the treatment efficacy rate of 54.9%;significant difference was observed between the two groups(P<0.05).The levels of white blood cell(WBC),procalcitonin(PCT),and C-reactive protein(CRP)in both groups were significantly lower after treatment than before treatment(P<0.05),and the levels of WBC,PCT,and CRP in the research group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Compared with before treatment,there were no significant changes in aspartate aminotransferase,creatinine,and glomerular filtration rate in both groups,while total bilirubin and alanine aminotransferase decreased after treatment(P<0.05)with no difference between the groups.In patients with good clinical outcomes,the sequential organ failure assessment(SOFA)score was low when treated with inhaled polymyxin sulfate,and specific antibiotic treatment did not improve the outcome.Sepsis and septic shock as well as a low SOFA score were independent factors associated with good clinical outcomes.CONCLUSION Polymyxin sulfate has a significant effect on the treatment of patients with multiple drug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli pneumonia and other infections in the lungs and is safe and reliable.Moreover,the administration route of low-dose intravenous injection combined with nebulization shows better therapeutic effects and lower adverse reactions,providing new ideas for clinical administration.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82171521(to CL)the Special Funds ofTaishan Scholars Project of Shandong Province,No.tsqn202211368(to CL)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,Nos.ZR2022YQ65(to CL),ZR2021MH073(to CL),ZR2019PH109(to WW)the Projects of Medical and Health Technology Development Program in Shandong Province,China,Nos.202003090720(to DZ),202003070728(to JL),2019 WS329(to DW)the Scientific Research Foundation of Binzhou Medical University,No.BY2018KJ21(to DW)。
文摘Social dysfunction is a risk factor for several neuropsychiatric illnesses.Previous studies have shown that the lateral septum(LS)-related pathway plays a critical role in mediating social behaviors.Howeve r,the role of the connections between the LS and its downstream brain regions in social behavio rs remains unclea r.In this study,we conducted a three-chamber test using electrophysiological and chemogenetic approaches in mice to determine how LS projections to ventral CA1(vCA1)influence sociability.Our res ults showed that gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)-e rgic neuro ns were activated following social experience,and that social behavio rs were enhanced by chemogenetic modulation of these neurons.Moreover,LS GABAergic neurons extended their functional neural connections via vCA1 glutamatergic pyramidal neurons,and regulating LSGABA→vCA1Gluneural projections affected social behaviors,which were impeded by suppressing LSprojecting vCA1 neuronal activity or inhibiting GABAAreceptors in vCA1.These findings support the hypothesis that LS inputs to the vCA1 can control social prefe rences and social novelty behaviors.These findings provide new insights rega rding the neural circuits that regulate sociability.
基金Funded by the“Investigation and Evaluation of the Hot Dry Rock Resources in the Guide-Dalianhai Area of the Gonghe Basin,Qinghai”(DD20211336,DD20211337,DD20211338)“Hot Dry Rock Resources Exploration and Production Demonstration Project”(DD20230018)of the China Geological Survey。
文摘The Hot Dry Rock(HDR)is considered as a clean and renewable energy,poised to significantly contribute to the global energy decarbonization agenda.Many HDR projects worldwide have accumulated valuable experience in efficient drilling and completion,reservoir construction,and fracture simulation.In 2019,China Geological Survey(CGS)initiated a demonstration project of HDR exploration and production in the Gonghe Basin,aiming to overcome the setbacks faced by HDR projects.Over the ensuing four years,the Gonghe HDR project achieved the first power generation in 2021,followed by the second power generation test in 2022.After establishing the primary well group in the initial phase,two directional wells and one branch well were drilled.Noteworthy progress was made in successfully constructing the targeted reservoir,realizing inter-well connectivity,power generation and grid connection,implementing of the real-time micro-seismic monitoring.A closed-loop technical validation of the HDR exploration and production was completed.However,many technical challenges remain in the process of HDR industrialization,such as reservoir fracture network characterization,efficient drilling and completion,multiple fracturing treatment,continuous injection and production,as well as mitigation of induced seismicity and numerical simulation technology.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62073003,72131001)Hong Hong Research Grants Council under GRF grants(16200619,16201120,16205421,1620-3922)Shenzhen-Hong Kong-Macao Science and Technology Innovation Fund(SGDX20201103094600006)。
文摘In this paper,we review the development of a phase theory for systems and networks in its first five years,represented by a trilogy:Matrix phases and their properties;The MIMO LTI system phase response,its physical interpretations,the small phase theorem,and the sectored real lemma;The synchronization of a multi-agent network using phase alignment.Towards the end,we also summarize a list of ongoing research on the phase theory and speculate what will happen in the next five years.
基金supported by the National Science Foundation of China(Grant numbers 52274062)Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(Grant numbers 2022-MS-362)。
文摘Magnetic field and microorganisms are important factors influencing the stress corrosion cracking(SCC)of buried oil and gas pipelines. Once SCC occurs in buried pipelines, it will cause serious hazards to the soil environment. The SCC behavior of X80 pipeline steel under the magnetic field and sulfate-reducing bacteria(SRB) environment was investigated by immersion tests, electrochemical tests, and slow strain rate tensile(SSRT) tests. The results showed that the corrosion and SCC sensitivity of X80 steel decreased with increasing the magnetic field strength in the sterile environment. The SCC sensitivity was higher in the biotic environment inoculated with SRB, but it also decreased with increasing magnetic field strength, which was due to the magnetic field reduces microbial activity and promotes the formation of dense film layer. This work provided theoretical guidance on the prevention of SCC in pipeline steel under magnetic field and SRB coexistence.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.32001139,32071554)。
文摘Soil organic carbon(SOC)affects the function of terrestrial ecosystem and plays a vital role in global carbon cycle.Yet,large uncertainty still existed regarding the changes in SOC stock and quality with forest succession.Here,the stock and quality of SOC at 1-m soil profile were investigated across a subalpine forest series,including shrub,deciduous broad-leaved forest,broadleaf-conifer mixed forest,middle-age coniferous forest and mature coniferous forest,which located at southeast of Tibetan Plateau.The results showed that SOC stock ranged from 9.8 to29.9 kg·m^(-2),and exhibited a hump-shaped response pattern across the forest successional series.The highest and lowest SOC stock was observed in the mixed forest and shrub forest,respectively.The SOC stock had no significant relationships with soil temperature and litter stock,but was positively correlated with wood debris stock.Meanwhile,the average percentages of polysaccharides,lignins,aromatics and aliphatics based on FTIR spectroscopy were 79.89%,0.94%,18.87%and 0.29%,respectively.Furthermore,the percentage of polysaccharides exhibited an increasing pattern across the forest successional series except for the sudden decreasing in the mixed forest,while the proportions of lignins,aromatics and aliphatics exhibited a decreasing pattern across the forest successional series except for the sudden increasing in the mixed forest.Consequently,the humification indices(HIs)were highest in the mixed forest compared to the other four successional stages,which means that the SOC quality in mixed forest was worse than other successional stages.In addition,the SOC stock,recalcitrant fractions and HIs decreased with increasing soil depth,while the polysaccharides exhibited an increasing pattern.These findings demonstrate that the mixed forest had higher SOC stock and worse SOC quality than other successional stages.The high proportion of SOC stock(66%at depth of 20-100 cm)and better SOC quality(lower HIs)indicate that deep soil have tremendous potential to store SOC and needs more attention under global chan ge.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22288102 and 22278027).
文摘Transparent photoresists with a high refractive index(RI)and high transmittance in visible wavelengths have promising functionalities in optical fields.This work reports a kind of tunable optical material composed of titanium dioxide nanoparticles embedded in acrylic resin with a high RI for ultraviolet(UV)-imprint lithography.The hybrid film exhibits a tunable RI of up to 1.67(589 nm)after being cured by UV light,while maintaining both a high transparency of over 98%in the visible light range and a low haze of less than 0.05%.The precision machining of optical microstructures can be imprinted easily and efficiently using the hybrid resin,which acts as a light guide plate(LGP)to guide the light from the side to the top in order to conserve the energy of the display device.These preliminary studies based on both laboratory and commercial experiments pave the way for exploiting the unparalleled optical properties of nanocomposite resins and promoting their industrial application.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22265021)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(2020Z056056003).
文摘Metal–organic gel(MOG)derived composites are promising multi-functional materials due to their alterable composition,identifiable chemical homogeneity,tunable shape,and porous structure.Herein,stable metal–organic hydrogels are prepared by regulating the complexation effect,solution polarity and curing speed.Meanwhile,collagen peptide is used to facilitate the fabrication of a porous aerogel with excellent physical properties as well as the homogeneous dispersion of magnetic particles during calcination.Subsequently,two kinds of heterometallic magnetic coupling systems are obtained through the application of Kirkendall effect.FeCo/nitrogen-doped carbon(NC)aerogel demonstrates an ultra-strong microwave absorption of−85 dB at an ultra-low loading of 5%.After reducing the time taken by atom shifting,a FeCo/Fe3O4/NC aerogel containing virus-shaped particles is obtained,which achieves an ultra-broad absorption of 7.44 GHz at an ultra-thin thickness of 1.59 mm due to the coupling effect offered by dual-soft-magnetic particles.Furthermore,both aerogels show excellent thermal insulation property,and their outstanding radar stealth performances in J-20 aircraft are confirmed by computer simulation technology.The formation mechanism of MOG is also discussed along with the thermal insulation and electromagnetic wave absorption mechanism of the aerogels,which will enable the development and application of novel and lightweight stealth coatings.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:72204209)the China Health Talents Training Project(grant number:RCLX2320050).
文摘Background:The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of marking meth-ods on the outcomes of body composition analysis and provide guidance for the se-lection of marking methods in mouse body composition analysis.Methods:Male C57BL/6J mice aged 6 weeks were randomly assigned for pre-and post-ear tagging measurements.The body composition of the mice was measured using a small animal body composition analyzer,which provided measurements of the mass of fat,lean,and free fluid.Then,the mass of fat,lean and free fluid to body weight ratio was gained.Further data analysis was conducted to obtain the range and coeffi-cient of variation in body composition measurements for each mouse.The distribution of fat and lean tissue in the mice was also analyzed by comparing the fat-to-lean ratio.Results:(1)The mass of all body composition components in the ear tagging group was significantly lower than that in the control group.(2)There was a significant in-crease in the range and coefficient of variation of body composition measurements between the ear tagging group and the control group.(3)The fat-to-lean ratio in the ear tagging group was significantly lower than that in the control group.Conclusions:Ear tagging significantly lowered the results of body composition analy-sis in mice and higher the results of measurement error.Therefore,ear tagging should be avoided as much as possible when conducting body composition analysis experi-ments in mice.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.31972394 and 31501748)。
文摘Glucosinolates(GSLs) are a group of nitrogen-and sulfur-containing secondary metabolites, synthesized primarily in members of the Brassicaceae family, that play an important role in food flavor, plant antimicrobial activity, resistance to insect attack, stress tolerance, and human anti-cancer effects. As a sulfur-containing compound, glutathione has a strong connection with GSLs biosynthesis as a sulfur donor or redox system, and exists in reduced(glutathione;GSH) and oxidized(glutathione disulfide;GSSG) forms. However, the mechanism of GSH regulating GSLs biosynthesis remainds unclear. Hence, the exogenous therapy to pakchoi under normal growth condition and sulfur deficiency condition were conducted in this work to explore the relevant mechanism. The results showed that exogenous application of buthionine sulfoximine, an inhibitor of GSH synthesis, decreased the transcript levels of GSLs synthesis-related genes and transcription factors, as well as sulfur assimilation-related genes under the normal growth condition. Application of exogenous GSH inhibited the expression of GSLs synthesis-and sulfur assimilation-related genes under the normal condition, while the GSLs biosynthesis and the sulfur assimilation pathway were activated by exogenous application of GSH when the content of GSH in vivo of plants decreased owing to sulfur deficiency. Moreover,exogenous application of GSSG increased the transcript levels of GSLs synthesis-and sulfur assimilation-related genes under the normal growth condition and under sulfur deficiency. The present work provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms of GSLs biosynthesis underlying glutathione regulation.
文摘BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma(PDAC)is a highly malignant and aggressive tumor,and high Ki-67 expression indicates poor histological differentiation and prognosis.Therefore,one of the challenges in diagnosing preoperatively patients with PDAC is predicting the degree of malignancy.Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(DCE-US)plays a crucial role in abdominal tumor diagnosis,and can adequately show the microvascular composition within the tumors.However,the relationship between DCE-US and the Ki-67 labelling index remains unclear at the present time.AIM To predict the correlation between Ki-67 expression and the parameters of DCEUS.METHODS Patients with PDAC who underwent DCE-US were retrospectively analyzed.Patients who had received any treatment(radiotherapy or chemotherapy)prior to DCE-US;had incomplete clinical,imaging,or pathologic information;and had poor-quality image analysis were excluded.Correlations between Ki-67 expression and the parameters of DCE-US in patients with PDAC were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation analysis.The diagnostic performances of these parameters in high Ki-67 expression group were evaluated according to receiver operating characteristic curve.RESULTS Based on the Ki-67 labelling index,30 patients were divided into two groups,i.e.,the high expression group and the low expression group.Among the relative quantitative parameters between the two groups,relative half-decrease time(rHDT),relative peak enhancement,relative wash-in perfusion index and relative wash-in rate were significantly different between two groups(P=0.018,P=0.025,P=0.028,P=0.035,respectively).The DCE-US parameter rHDT was moderately correlated with Ki-67 expression,and rHDT≥1.07 was more helpful in accurately diagnosing high Ki-67 expression,exhibiting a sensitivity and specificity of 53.8%and 94.1%,respectively.CONCLUSION One parameter of DCE-US,rHDT,correlates with high Ki-67 expression.It demonstrates that parameters obtained noninvasively by DCE-US could better predict Ki-67 expression in PDAC preoperatively.
基金Supported by Jilin Provincial Department of science and Technology,No.YDZJ202301ZYTS112 and No.YDZJ202101ZYTS090Jilin Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission,No.2021JC084.
文摘Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)affects approximately 25%of the world's population and has become a leading cause of chronic liver disease.In recent years,an increasing amount of data suggests that MASLD is associated with aging.As the population ages,age-related MASLD will become a major global health problem.Targeting an aging will become a new approach to the treatment of MASLD.This paper reviews the current studies on the role of aging-related factors and therapeutic targets in MASLD,including:Oxidative stress,autophagy,mitochondrial homeostasis,bile acid metabolism homeostasis,and dysbiosis.The aim is to identify effective therapeutic targets for age-related MASLD and its progression.
