RNN-Based Demand Awareness in Smart Library Using CRFID

To provide more intelligence service in the smart library, we need to better perceive the reader’s preferences. In addition to perceiving online records based on readers’ search history and borrowing records, advanced information technologies give us more chance to perceive the behavior of readers in the actual reading process and further discover the need for reading. In this paper, we use CRFID and RNN deep learning network to recognize book motions in the reading process, so as to judge readers’ need degree for the book, which can provide a basis for library book purchases and readers personalized service. In order to improve the recognition accuracy, we use the RSS as well as acceleration magnitude gathered from CRFID as the input data for RNN, and design a new encoding scheme. We trained and tested the deep learning network using real-world data, recorded during actual reading in our lab environment which mimics a typical reading room, from the experimental results, we conclude that our approach is feasible to recognize different reading phase to perceiving the needs of the readers.

Recognition and Localization of Maize Leaf and Stalk Trajectories in RGB Images Based on Point-Line Net

Plant phenotype detection plays a crucial role in understanding and studying plant biology,agriculture,and ecology.It involves the quantification and analysis of various physical traits and characteristics of plants,such as plant height,leaf shape,angle,number,and growth trajectory.By accurately detecting and measuring these phenotypic traits,researchers can gain insights into plant growth,development,stress tolerance,and the influence of environmental factors,which has important implications for crop breeding.Among these phenotypic characteristics,the number of leaves and growth trajectory of the plant are most accessible.Nonetheless,obtaining these phenotypes is labor intensive and financially demanding.With the rapid development of computer vision technology and artificial intelligence,using maize field images to fully analyze plant-related information can greatly eliminate repetitive labor and enhance the efficiency of plant breeding.However,it is still difficult to apply deep learning methods in field environments to determine the number and growth trajectory of leaves and stalks due to the complex backgrounds and serious occlusion problems of crops in field environments.To preliminarily explore the application of deep learning technology to the acquisition of the number of leaves and stalks and the tracking of growth trajectories in field agriculture,in this study,we developed a deep learning method called Point-Line Net,which is based on the Mask R-CNN framework,to automatically recognize maize field RGB images and determine the number and growth trajectory of leaves and stalks.The experimental results demonstrate that the object detection accuracy(mAP50)of our Point-Line Net can reach 81.5%.Moreover,to describe the position and growth of leaves and stalks,we introduced a new lightweight"key point"detection branch that achieved a magnitude of 33.5 using our custom distance verification index.Overall,these findings provide valuable insights for future field plant phenotype detection,particularly for datasets with dot and line annotations.

KTI-RNN:Recognition of Heart Failure from Clinical Notes

Although deep learning methods have recently attracted considerable attention in the medical field,analyzing large-scale electronic health record data is still a difficult task.In particular,the accurate recognition of heart failure is a key technology for doctors to make reasonable treatment decisions.This study uses data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care database.Compared with structured data,unstructured data contain abundant patient information.However,this type of data has unsatisfactory characteristics,e.g.,many colloquial vocabularies and sparse content.To solve these problems,we propose the KTI-RNN model for unstructured data recognition.The proposed model overcomes sparse content and obtains good classification results.The term frequency-inverse word frequency(TF-IWF)model is used to extract the keyword set.The latent dirichlet allocation(LDA)model is adopted to extract the topic word set.These models enable the expansion of the medical record text content.Finally,we embed the global attention mechanism and gating mechanism between the bidirectional recurrent neural network(BiRNN)model and the output layer.We call it gated-attention-BiRNN(GA-BiRNN)and use it to identify heart failure from extensive medical texts.Results show that the F 1 score of the proposed KTI-RNN model is 85.57%,and the accuracy rate of the proposed KTI-RNN model is 85.59%.

IQABC-Based Hybrid Deployment Algorithm for Mobile Robotic Agents Providing Network Coverage

Working as aerial base stations,mobile robotic agents can be formed as a wireless robotic network to provide network services for on-ground mobile devices in a target area.Herein,a challenging issue is how to deploy these mobile robotic agents to provide network services with good quality for more users,while considering the mobility of on-ground devices.In this paper,to solve this issue,we decouple the coverage problem into the vertical dimension and the horizontal dimension without any loss of optimization and introduce the network coverage model with maximum coverage range.Then,we propose a hybrid deployment algorithm based on the improved quick artificial bee colony.The algorithm is composed of a centralized deployment algorithm and a distributed one.The proposed deployment algorithm deploy a given number of mobile robotic agents to provide network services for the on-ground devices that are independent and identically distributed.Simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm deploys agents appropriately to cover more ground area and provide better coverage uniformity.

Optimal Data Transmission in Backscatter Communication for Passive Sensing Systems

Computational Radio Frequency IDentification (CRFID) is a device that integrates passive sensing and computing applications,which is powered by electromagnetic waves and read by the off-the-shelf Ultra High Frequency Radio Frequency IDentification (UHF RFID) readers.Traditional RFID only identifies the ID of the tag,and CRFID is different from traditional RFID.CRFID needs to transmit a large amount of sensing and computing data in the mobile sensing scene.However,the current Electronic Product Code,Class-1 Generation-2 (EPC C1G2)protocol mainly aims at the transmission of multi-tag and minor data.When a large amount of data need to be fed back,a more reliable communication mechanism must be used to ensure the efficiency of data exchange.The main strategy of this paper is to adjust the data frame length of the CRFID response dynamically to improve the efficiency and reliability of CRFID backscattering communication according to energy acquisition and channel complexity.This is done by constructing a dynamic data frame length model and optimizing the command set of the interface protocol.Then,according to the actual situation of the uplink,a dynamic data validation method is designed,which reduces the data transmission delay and the probability of retransmitting,and improves the throughput.The simulation results show that the proposed scheme is superior to the existing methods.Under different energy harvesting and channel conditions,the dynamic data frame length and verification method can approach the theoretical optimum.

An Improved Space-Time Joint Anti-jamming Algorithm Based on Variable Step LMS

In wireless communication, the space-time anti-jamming method is widely applied because it shows better performance than the pure airspace and pure temporal anti-jamming methods. However, its application is limited by its computational complexity, and it cannot suppress narrowband interference that is in the same direction as the navigation signal. To solve these problems, we propose improved frequency filter to filter the narrowband interference from the desired signal direction in advance, meanwhile, an improved variable step Least Mean Square （LMS） method is proposed to complete the space-time array weights with fast iteration, thereby reducing computational complexity. The simulation results show that, compared with conventional methods, the anti-jamming capability of the proposed algorithm is significantly enhanced; and its complexity is significantly reduced.

Intra-Patient and Inter-Patient Multi-Classification of Severe Cardiovascular Diseases Based on CResFormer

Severe cardiovascular diseases can rapidly lead to death.At present,most studies in the deep learning field using electrocardiogram(ECG)are performed on intra-patient experiments for the classification of coronary artery disease(CAD),myocardial infarction,and congestive heart failure(CHF).By contrast,actual conditions are inter-patient experiments.In this study,we proposed a deep learning network,namely,CResFormer,with dual feature extraction to improve accuracy in classifying such diseases.First,fixed segmentation of dual-lead ECG signals without preprocessing was used as input data.Second,one-dimensional convolutional layers performed moderate dimensionality reduction to accommodate subsequent feature extraction.Then,ResNet residual network block layers and transformer encoder layers sequentially performed feature extraction to obtain key associated abstract features.Finally,the Softmax function was used for classifications.Notably,the focal loss function is used when dealing with unbalanced datasets.The average accuracy,sensitivity,positive predictive value,and specificity of four classifications of severe cardiovascular diseases are 99.84%,99.68%,99.71%,and 99.90%in intra-patient experiments,respectively,and 97.48%,93.54%,96.30%,and 97.89%in inter-patient experiments,respectively.In addition,the model performs well in unbalanced datasets and shows good noise robustness.Therefore,the model has great application potential in diagnosing CAD,MI,and CHF in the actual clinical environment.