The study reviews the process of oxidative desulphurization of high-sulphur Ukrainian lignite, which was performed by coal treatment using an air or air-steam mixture. In the process. sulphur-free fuel and tar from th...The study reviews the process of oxidative desulphurization of high-sulphur Ukrainian lignite, which was performed by coal treatment using an air or air-steam mixture. In the process. sulphur-free fuel and tar from the decomposition of coal organic matter was obtained. Hence, the sulphur in the coal was converted inlo hydrogen sulphide. The coal desulphurization process is critical to power generatio n. power generation and technology, and tech no logy field of application. The coal desulphurization process ensures the maximum recovery of the highest content of sulphur and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in desulphurized gases at minimal energy costs. The process also enhances the maximum decomposition of tar and sulphur recovery (> 50%) during coal power generation. Based on smnniarized field studies, a block schematic diagram coupled with heat and material balances of the process was developed for the calculations. The application of the tech no logy at the first stage of coal combustion in thermal power plants will en able the utilizatio n of over 50% of recovered coal sulphur in the form of concentrated H2S or commercial elemental sulphur. This will, nevertheless, allow for a reduction of sulphur oxide pollution in the environment by at least 53%-56%. It has been suggested that the product of thermal decomposition of coal organic matter (tar) can be used as a componenl of fumace fuel oil or as a plasticizer of petroleum-based road bitumen.展开更多
The main goal of the article is the creation and study of thermosensitive and wound-healing gelatin-alginate bio-polymer hydrogels modified with humic acids.Their rheological properties,swelling and contraction behavi...The main goal of the article is the creation and study of thermosensitive and wound-healing gelatin-alginate bio-polymer hydrogels modified with humic acids.Their rheological properties,swelling and contraction behavior were experimentally investigated,elucidated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and used to achieve the physiological melting point,which is necessary for successful drug delivery.It has been shown that in the gelatin-alginate-humic acid biopolymer hydrogels systems,it is possible to obtain a gel-sol transition temperature close to the physiological temperature of 37℃,which is important for drug delivery in the treatment of wounds.By changing the type and concentration of humic acids in the gelatin-alginate hydrogel,it turned out to be achiev-able to regulate the softening time of the gel on the human body in the range from 6 to 20 min,which provides the possibility of controlled prolonged delivery of drugs.Based on the study of the influence of calcium ions on the properties of humic acids and ion exchange,as well as the interaction of humic acids,sodium alginate and gelatin with the formation of tighter gel networks,approaches to regulate the rate of softening of hydrogels at physiological temperature and their swelling,which simulates the absorption of exudate,were proposed and implemented.In addition,low shrinkage of the hydrogel surface due to cross-linking of gelatin-alginate networks when modified with humic acids was experimentally confirmed,which is important for avoiding problems of wound contracture and contour deformations when using dressings for wound healing.Thus,the developed opti-mized innovative biopolymer hydrogels synergistically combine the outstanding properties of natural molecular polymers and humic acids and are promising for the creation of effective medicines for wound healing.展开更多
文摘The study reviews the process of oxidative desulphurization of high-sulphur Ukrainian lignite, which was performed by coal treatment using an air or air-steam mixture. In the process. sulphur-free fuel and tar from the decomposition of coal organic matter was obtained. Hence, the sulphur in the coal was converted inlo hydrogen sulphide. The coal desulphurization process is critical to power generatio n. power generation and technology, and tech no logy field of application. The coal desulphurization process ensures the maximum recovery of the highest content of sulphur and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in desulphurized gases at minimal energy costs. The process also enhances the maximum decomposition of tar and sulphur recovery (> 50%) during coal power generation. Based on smnniarized field studies, a block schematic diagram coupled with heat and material balances of the process was developed for the calculations. The application of the tech no logy at the first stage of coal combustion in thermal power plants will en able the utilizatio n of over 50% of recovered coal sulphur in the form of concentrated H2S or commercial elemental sulphur. This will, nevertheless, allow for a reduction of sulphur oxide pollution in the environment by at least 53%-56%. It has been suggested that the product of thermal decomposition of coal organic matter (tar) can be used as a componenl of fumace fuel oil or as a plasticizer of petroleum-based road bitumen.
文摘The main goal of the article is the creation and study of thermosensitive and wound-healing gelatin-alginate bio-polymer hydrogels modified with humic acids.Their rheological properties,swelling and contraction behavior were experimentally investigated,elucidated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and used to achieve the physiological melting point,which is necessary for successful drug delivery.It has been shown that in the gelatin-alginate-humic acid biopolymer hydrogels systems,it is possible to obtain a gel-sol transition temperature close to the physiological temperature of 37℃,which is important for drug delivery in the treatment of wounds.By changing the type and concentration of humic acids in the gelatin-alginate hydrogel,it turned out to be achiev-able to regulate the softening time of the gel on the human body in the range from 6 to 20 min,which provides the possibility of controlled prolonged delivery of drugs.Based on the study of the influence of calcium ions on the properties of humic acids and ion exchange,as well as the interaction of humic acids,sodium alginate and gelatin with the formation of tighter gel networks,approaches to regulate the rate of softening of hydrogels at physiological temperature and their swelling,which simulates the absorption of exudate,were proposed and implemented.In addition,low shrinkage of the hydrogel surface due to cross-linking of gelatin-alginate networks when modified with humic acids was experimentally confirmed,which is important for avoiding problems of wound contracture and contour deformations when using dressings for wound healing.Thus,the developed opti-mized innovative biopolymer hydrogels synergistically combine the outstanding properties of natural molecular polymers and humic acids and are promising for the creation of effective medicines for wound healing.
