Weakly Polarized Organic Cation-Modified Hydrated Vanadium Oxides for High-Energy Efficiency Aqueous Zinc-Ion Batteries

Vanadium oxides,par-ticularly hydrated forms like V_(2)O_(5)·nH_(2)O(VOH),stand out as promising cathode candidates for aqueous zinc ion batteries due to their adjustable layered structure,unique electronic characteristics,and high theoretical capacities.However,challenges such as vanadium dissolution,sluggish Zn^(2+)diffusion kinetics,and low operating voltage still hinder their direct application.In this study,we present a novel vanadium oxide([C_(6)H_(6)N(CH_(3))_(3)]_(1.08)V_(8)O_(20)·0.06H_(2)O,TMPA-VOH),developed by pre-inserting trimethylphenylammonium(TMPA+)cations into VOH.The incorporation of weakly polarized organic cations capitalizes on both ionic pre-intercalation and molecular pre-intercalation effects,resulting in a phase and morphology transition,an expansion of the interlayer distance,extrusion of weakly bonded interlayer water,and a substantial increase in V^(4+)content.These modifications synergistically reduce the electrostatic interactions between Zn^(2+)and the V-O lattice,enhancing structural stability and reaction kinetics during cycling.As a result,TMPA-VOH achieves an elevated open circuit voltage and operation voltage,exhibits a large specific capacity(451 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1))coupled with high energy efficiency(89%),the significantly-reduced battery polarization,and outstanding rate capability and cycling stability.The concept introduced in this study holds great promise for the development of high-performance oxide-based energy storage materials.

CPAL, as a New Mediator of Cardiomyocyte Metabolic Alterations and Pyroptosis, Regulates Myocardial Infarction Injury in Mice

Myocardial infarction (MI), the most serious of the ischemic heart diseases, is accompanied by myocardial metabolic disorders and the loss of cardiomyocytes. Increasing evidence has shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in various pathological conditions such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and are emerging as a novel biomarker for these disorders. This study aims to investigate the regulatory role and mechanisms of lncRNAs in myocardial remodeling in the setting of MI. We find that post-infarcted hearts exhibit a reduction of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and an alteration of the glucose and lipid metabolism genes cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), hexokinase 1 (HK1), and clucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), accompanied by cardiomyocyte pyroptosis. We then identify a previously unknown conserved lncRNA, AK009126 (cardiomyocyte pyroptosis-associated lncRNA, CPAL), which is remarkably upregulated in the myocardial border zone of MI mice. Importantly, the adeno-associated virus 9 (AAV9)-mediated silencing of endogenous CPAL by its short hairpin RNA (shRNA) partially abrogates myocardial metabolic alterations and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis during MI in mice. Mechanistically, CPAL is shown to bind directly to nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) and to act as an activator of NFκB to induce NFκB phosphorylation in cardiomyocytes. We also find that CPAL upregulates caspase-1 expression at the transcriptional level and consequently promotes the release of interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1β from cardiomyocytes. Collectively, our findings reveal the conserved lncRNA CPAL as a new regulator of cardiac metabolic abnormalities and cardiomyocyte pyroptosis in the setting of MI and suggest CPAL as a new therapeutic target to protect cardiomyocytes against ischemic injury in infarcted hearts.

Facile synthesis of Cu-doped manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve for the efficient degradation of sulfamethoxazole via peroxymonosulfate activation

Advanced processes for peroxymonosulfate(PMS)-based oxidation are efficient in eliminating toxic and refractory organic pol-lutants from sewage.The activation of electron-withdrawing HSO_(5)^(-)releases reactive species,including sulfate radical(·SO_(4)^(-)),hydroxyl radical(·OH),superoxide radical(·O_(2)^(-)),and singlet oxygen(1O_(2)),which can induce the degradation of organic contaminants.In this work,we synthesized a variety of M-OMS-2 nanorods(M=Co,Ni,Cu,Fe)by doping Co^(2+),Ni^(2+),Cu^(2+),or Fe^(3+)into manganese oxide oc-tahedral molecular sieve(OMS-2)to efficiently remove sulfamethoxazole(SMX)via PMS activation.The catalytic performance of M-OMS-2 in SMX elimination via PMS activation was assessed.The nanorods obtained in decreasing order of SMX removal rate were Cu-OMS-2(96.40%),Co-OMS-2(88.00%),Ni-OMS-2(87.20%),Fe-OMS-2(35.00%),and OMS-2(33.50%).Then,the kinetics and struc-ture-activity relationship of the M-OMS-2 nanorods during the elimination of SMX were investigated.The feasible mechanism underly-ing SMX degradation by the Cu-OMS-2/PMS system was further investigated with a quenching experiment,high-resolution mass spec-troscopy,and electron paramagnetic resonance.Results showed that SMX degradation efficiency was enhanced in seawater and tap water,demonstrating the potential application of Cu-OMS-2/PMS system in sewage treatment.

基于智慧课堂的《矿山机械液压传动与电液控制》教学改革实践

随着我国教育信息化的不断推进,目前我国高等院校课程建设已经经历了数字化教育阶段,该阶段主要集中在软硬件建设和教学资源数字化开发。而智慧课堂作为智能技术与智慧教学深度融合的人工生态系统,其核心特征是强调互动性。将其应用在《矿山机械液压传动与电液控制》教学中,能够促进师生之间和生生之间的面对面互动,从而显著提升教学质量与学习效率。因而研究基于智慧课堂的《矿山机械液压传动与电液控制》教学改革实践有重要的意义。对此,通过阐述课程简介以及液压课程教学改革现状,分析原有课程中存在的不足,进而探究基于智慧课堂的《矿山机械液压传动与电液控制》教学改革策略,在此基础上探索课程改革应用实例,以期提升学生的学习体验。

A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia(standard version)

In December 2019, a new type viral pneumonia cases occurred in Wuhan, Hubei Province;and then named "2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)" by the World Health Organization(WHO) on 12 January 2020. For it is a never been experienced respiratory disease before and with infection ability widely and quickly, it attracted the world’s attention but without treatment and control manual. For the request from frontline clinicians and public health professionals of 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia management, an evidence-based guideline urgently needs to be developed. Therefore, we drafted this guideline according to the rapid advice guidelines methodology and general rules of WHO guideline development;we also added the first-hand management data of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University. This guideline includes the guideline methodology, epidemiological characteristics, disease screening and population prevention, diagnosis, treatment and control(including traditional Chinese Medicine), nosocomial infection prevention and control, and disease nursing of the 2019-nCoV. Moreover, we also provide a whole process of a successful treatment case of the severe 2019-nCoV infected pneumonia and experience and lessons of hospital rescue for 2019-nCoV infections. This rapid advice guideline is suitable for the first frontline doctors and nurses, managers of hospitals and healthcare sections, community residents, public health persons, relevant researchers, and all person who are interested in the 2019-nCoV.

Methodological quality(risk of bias) assessment tools for primary and secondary medical studies: What are they and which is better?

Methodological quality(risk of bias)assessment is an important step before study initiation usage.Therefore,accurately judging study type is the first priority,and the choosing proper tool is also important.In this review,we introduced methodological quality assessment tools for randomized controlled trial(including individual and cluster),animal study,non-randomized interventional studies(including follow-up study,controlled before-and-after study,before-after/pre-post study,uncontrolled longitudinal study,interrupted time series study),cohort study,case-control study,cross-sectional study(including analytical and descriptive),observational case series and case reports,comparative effectiveness research,diagnostic study,health economic evaluation,prediction study(including predictor finding study,prediction model impact study,prognostic prediction model study),qualitative study,outcome measurement instruments(including patient-reported outcome measure development,content validity,structural validity,internal consistency,cross-cultural validity/measurement invariance,reliability,measurement error,criterion validity,hypotheses testing for construct validity,and responsiveness),systematic review and meta-analysis,and clinical practice guideline.The readers of our review can distinguish the types of medical studies and choose appropriate tools.In one word,comprehensively mastering relevant knowledge and implementing more practices are basic requirements for correctly assessing the methodological quality.

Chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management of COVID-19: An evidence-based clinical practice guideline(updated version)

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)is the cause of a rapidly spreading illness,coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),affecting more than seventeen million people around the world.Diagnosis and treatment guidelines for clinicians caring for patients are needed.In the early stage,we have issued"A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus(2019-nCoV)infected pneumonia(standard version)";now there are many direct evidences emerged and may change some of previous recommendations and it is ripe for develop an evidence-based guideline.We formed a working group of clinical experts and methodologists.The steering group members proposed 29 questions that are relevant to the management of COVID-19 covering the following areas:chemoprophylaxis,diagnosis,treatments,and discharge management.We searched the literature for direct evidence on the management of COVID-19,and assessed its certainty generated recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)approach.Recommendations were either strong or weak,or in the form of ungraded consensus-based statement.Finally,we issued 34 statements.Among them,6 were strong recommendations for,14 were weak recommendations for,3 were weak recommendations against and 11 were ungraded consensus-based statement.They covered topics of chemoprophylaxis(including agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)agents),diagnosis(including clinical manifestations,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),respiratory tract specimens,IgM and IgG antibody tests,chest computed tomography,chest X-ray,and CT features of asymptomatic infections),treatments(including lopinavirritonavir,umifenovir,favipiravir,interferon,remdesivir,combination of antiviral drugs,hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine,interleukin-6 inhibitors,interleukin-1 inhibitors,glucocorticoid,qingfei paidu decoction,lianhua qingwen granules/capsules,convalescent plasma,lung transplantation,invasive or noninvasive ventilation,and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation(ECMO)),and discharge management(including discharge criteria and management plan in patients whose RT-PCR retesting shows SARS-CoV-2 positive after discharge).We also created two figures of these recommendations for the implementation purpose.We hope these recommendations can help support healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients.

Synchrophasing Vibration Control of Machines Supported by Discrete Isolators

This paper describes an analytical investigation into synchrophasing,a vibration control strategy on a machinery installation in which two rotational machines are attached to a beam-like raft by discrete resilient isolators.Forces and moments introduced by sources are considered,which effectively represent a practical engineering system.Adjusting the relative phase angle between the machines has been theoretically demonstrated to greatly reduce the cost function,which is defined as the sum of velocity squares of attaching points on the raft at each frequency of interest.The effect of the position of the machine is also investigated.Results show that altering the position of the secondary source may cause a slight change to the mode shape of the composite system and therefore change the optimum phase between the two machines.Although the analysis is based on a one-dimensional Euler– Bernoulli beam and each machine is considered as a rigid-body,a key principle can be derived from the results.However,the factors that can influence the synchrophasing control performance would become coupled and highly complicated.This condition has to be considered in practice.

Optimal Nonlinear Distance Toll for Cordon-Based Congestion Pricing Considering Equity Issue

In order to address the optimal distance toll design problem for cordon-based congestion pricing incorporating the issue of equity,this paper presents a toll user equilibrium( TUE) model based on a transformed network with elastic demand,to evaluate any given toll charge function. A bi-level programming model is developed for determining the optimal toll levels,with the TUE being represented at the lower level.The upper level optimizes the total equity level over the transport network,represented by the Gini coefficient,where a constraint is imposed to the total travel impedance of each OD pair after the levy. A genetic algorithm( GA) is implemented to solve the bi-level model,which is verified by a numerical example.

医学专业课程思政实践探索与思考——以武汉大学“课程思政”示范课程“循证医学”为例

课程思政建设是全面提高人才培养质量的重要任务。在医学专业课程中开展课程思政对于培养德才兼备的医学生、提高医学人才培养质量具有重要意义。建立健全课程思政体系、完善课程思政质量评价机制、加强课程思政内容建设、提升教师思政能力及发挥学生主动性可以有效促进医学专业课程思政的开展。本文以武汉大学“课程思政”示范课程“循证医学”为例,探索并思考了课程思政融入医学专业教学的实施路径与方法。

Melatonin inhibits ESCC tumor growth by mitigating the HDAC7/β-catenin/c-Myc positive feedback loop and suppressing the USP10-maintained HDAC7 protein stability

Background:Melatonin,a natural hormone secreted by the pineal gland,has been reported to exhibit antitumor properties through diverse mechanisms of action.However,the oncostatic function of melatonin on esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC) remains elusive.This study was conducted to investigate the potential effect and underlying molecular mechanism of melatonin as single anticancer agent against ESCC cells.Methods:ESCC cell lines treated with or without melatonin were used in this study.In vitro colony formation and 5-Ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridine(EdU) incorporation assays,and nude mice tumor xenograft model were used to confirm the proliferative capacities of ESCC cells.RNA-seq,qPCR,Western blotting,recombinant lentivirus-mediated target gene overexpression or knockdown,plasmids transfection and co-IP were applied to investigate the underlying molecular mechanism by which melatonin inhibited ESCC cell growth.IHC staining on ESCC tissue microarray and further survival analyses were performed to explore the relationship between target genes’ expression and prognosis of ESCC.Results:Melatonin treatment dose-dependently inhibited the proliferative ability and the expression of histone deacetylase 7(HDAC7),c-Myc and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 10(USP10) in ESCC cells(P<0.05).The expressions of HDAC7,c-Myc and USP10 in tumors were significantly higher than the paired normal tissues from 148 ESCC patients(P<0.001).Then,the Kaplan-Meier survival analysis suggested that ESCC patients with high HDAC7,c-Myc or USP10levels predicted worse overall survival(log-rank P<0.001).Co-IP and Western blotting further revealed that HDAC7physically deacetylated and activated β-catenin thus promoting downstream target c-Myc gene transcription.Notably,our mechanistic study validated that HDAC7/β-catenin/c-Myc could form the positive feedback loop to enhance ESCC cell growth,and USP10 could deubiquitinate and stabilize HDAC7 protein in the ESCC cells.Additionally,we verified that inhibition of the HDAC7/β-catenin/c-Myc axis and USP10/HDAC7 pathway mediated the anti-proliferative action of melatonin on ESCC cells.Conclusions:Our findings elucidate that melatonin mitigates the HDAC7/β-catenin/c-Myc positive feedback loop and inhibits the USP10-maintained HDAC7 protein stability thus suppressing ESCC cell growth,and provides the reference for identifying biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ESCC.

Optical two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy of excitons in transition-metal dichalcogenides

Exciton physics in atomically thin transition-metal dichalcogenides(TMDCs)holds paramount importance for fundamental physics research and prospective applications.However,the experimental exploration of exciton physics,including excitonic coherence dynamics,exciton many-body interactions,and their optical properties,faces challenges stemming from factors such as spatial heterogeneity and intricate many-body effects.In this perspective,we elaborate upon how optical two-dimensional coherent spectroscopy(2DCS)emerges as an effective tool to tackle the challenges,and outline potential directions for gaining deeper insights into exciton physics in forthcoming experiments with the advancements in 2DCS techniques and new materials.

LncRNA ZFPM2-AS1 promotes phyllodes tumor progression by binding to CDC42 and inhibiting STAT1 activation

Breast phyllodes tumor(PT)is a rare fibroepithelial neoplasm with potential malignant behavior.Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)play multifaceted roles in various cancers,but their involvement in breast PT remains largely unexplored.In this study,microarray was leveraged for the first time to investigate the role of lncRNA in PT.We identified lncRNA ZFPM2-AS1 was significantly upregulated in malignant PT,and its overexpression endowed PT with high tumor grade and adverse prognosis.Furthermore,we elucidated that ZFPM2-AS1 promotes the proliferation,migration,and invasion of malignant PT in vitro.Targeting ZFPM2-AS1 through nanomaterial-mediated siRNA delivery in patient-derived xenograft(PDX)model could effectively inhibit tumor progression in vivo.Mechanistically,our findings showed that ZFPM2-AS1 is competitively bound to CDC42,inhibiting ACK1 and STAT1 activation,thereby launching the transcription of TNFRSF19.In conclusion,our study provides evidence that ZFPM2-AS1 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of breast PT,and suggests that ZFPM2-AS1 could serve as a prognostic indicator for patients with PT as well as a promising novel therapeutic target.

The fabrication of hydroxyapatite mineralized hydrogels for bone tissue engineering

Bone is a complex but orderly mineralized tissue with hydroxyapatite(HA)as the inorganic phase and collagen as the organic phase.Inspired by natural bone tissues,HA-mineralized hydrogels have been widely designed and used in bone tissue engineering.HA is majorly utilized for the treatment of bone defects because of its excellent osteoconduction and bone inductivity.Hydrogel is a three-dimensional hydrophilic network structure with similar properties to the extracellular matrix(ECM).The combination of HA and hydrogels produces a new hybrid material that could effectively promote osteointegration and accelerate the healing of bone defects.In this review,the structure and growth of bone and the common strategies used to prepare HA were briefly introduced.Importantly,we discussed the fabrication of HA mineralized hydrogels from simple blending to in situ mineralization.We hope this review can provide a reference for the development of bone repair hydrogels.

A comprehensive review on surface modifications of black phosphorus using biological macromolecules

Black phosphorus(BP),a novel two dimensional material,exhibits remarkable photoelectric characteristics,ultrahigh photothermal conversion efficiency,substantial specific surface area,high carrier mobility,and tunable band gap properties.These attributes have positioned it as a promising candidate in domains such as energy,medicine,and the environment.Nonetheless,its vulnerability to light,oxygen,and water can lead to rapid degradation and loss of crystallinity,thereby limiting its synthesis,preservation,and application.Moreover,BP has demonstrated cytotoxic tendencies,substantially constraining its viability in the realm of biomedicine.Consequently,the imperative for surface modification arises to bolster its stability and biocompatibility,while concurrently expanding its utility spectrum.Biological macromolecules,integral components of living organisms,proffer innate advantages over chemical agents and polymers for the purpose of the BP modifications.This review comprehensively surveys the advancements in utilizing biological macromolecules for the modifications of BP.In doing so,it aims to pave the way for enhanced stability,biocompatibility,and diversified applications of this material.

Nonlinear optics of two-dimensional heterostructures

Two-dimensional (2D) materials exhibit exceptionally strong nonlinear optical responses, benefiting from their reduced dimensionality, relaxed phase-matching requirements, and enhanced light-matter interaction. With additional degrees of freedom in the modulation of the physical properties by stacking 2D layers together, nonlinear optics of 2D heterostructures becomes increasingly fascinating. In this perspective, we provide a brief overview of recent advances in the field of nonlinear optics of 2D heterostructures, with a particular focus on their remarkable capabilities in characterization and modulation. Given the recent advances and the emergence of novel heterostructures, combined with innovative tuning knobs and advanced nonlinear optical techniques, we anticipate deeper insights into the underlying mechanisms and more associated applications in this rapidly evolving field.

“互联网+”新型教学模式形成性评价体系构建及其应用于循证医学课程的思考

“互联网+”给医学教育带来巨大挑战,融入信息技术的新型教学活动应用日益广泛,它们具有较强的开放性、自主性和灵活性,如何强化对课程教学过程的监督、管理和评估,已成为推动教学改革的难点。作为课程教学评价的重要方式之一,形成性评价在“教学-反馈-改进”过程中起着重要作用。本文分析了医学教育领域“互联网+”教学模式及其形成性评价体系特点,提出了评价体系的建设方向及改革着力点,结合武汉大学循证医学混合式教学的授课经验,以该课程为例提出了形成性评价体系建设思路。期望能与同行相互探讨,共同推动信息技术与循证医学类课程的深度融合,充分发挥其在医学生循证医学能力培养中的作用。

循证医学课程体系的建设与实践--以武汉大学为例

循证医学教育是国际及我国医学教育的基本要求内容,其目的在于培养具备解决临床实际问题能力、批判性思维能力、创新能力等的医学人才。武汉大学自2004年首次开设循证医学课程至今,进行了全方位、系统性的探索与实践,完成了教研室的创建、师资力量的构建、课程体系的打造,实现了医学专业学生全覆盖,有效地将循证医学教育特色融入新时代医学生培养进程中。本文对武汉大学循证医学课程体系定位及建设思路进行介绍,特别是对创新“1+4”的课程教学模式、建立全过程“教”与“学”的评价、创新师资力量的培养与传承三大具体措施进行了总结,以期为我国循证医学教育及其教学改革提供参考,服务于培养符合时代需求的医学人才。

医学生对循证医学课程思政认知与态度的横断面研究

目的调查医学生对课程思政的态度和思政元素的需求,贯彻三全育人理念,为医学类课程思政设计和教学改革提供参考。方法选择武汉大学第二临床学院2021-2022学年第一学期选修循证医学的研究生,设计“课程思政认知与态度”问卷,就学生对思政内容的要求和评价进行调查,利用SPSS 22.0软件进行数据录入与分析。结果共纳入138名学生,其中83.33%的学生对课程思政融入循证医学专业课感兴趣,学生对专业课中思政内容的兴趣越大,越认可授课教师在理想信念(r=0.33,P<0.001)、仁爱之心(r=0.28,P<0.001)、道德情操(r=0.24,P=0.005)和扎实学识(r=0.21,P=0.020)方面对自己的影响。学生主要关注的课程思政元素是专业知识与思政相结合的内容(51.45%),并希望思政内容能有机融入、不要太“刻意”(84.06%)。结论大部分医学生对课程思政融于专业课持肯定态度。自然、适度、适时地融入思政元素并采用创新的教学方法,可获得更好的效果。

混合式教学在我国临床医学专业教学中应用效果的系统评价和Meta分析

目的采用Meta分析方法探讨混合式教学在我国临床医学专业教学中的应用效果,为培养临床医学人才、提高医学教育质量提供参考。方法在PubMed、中国知网(CNKI)、万方(WanFang Data)和中国生物医学文献数据库(SinoMed)中检索有关临床医学专业混合式教学的文献,由两位研究者独立进行文献筛选、资料提取及质量评价,采用Stata12.0软件进行Meta分析。通过亚组分析探讨异质性来源、敏感性分析探讨单个研究对合并效应量的影响。结果共纳入66篇文献,纳入研究间的异质性较大,基于随机效应模型的Meta分析结果显示,在理论知识[SMD=1.73,95%CI(1.32,2.15),P<0.05]、实践/操作技能[SMD=1.28,95%CI(0.81,1.75),P<0.05]、满意度[RR=1.35,95%CI(1.23,1.49),P<0.05]方面,混合式教学均优于传统教学;未发现不同学历层次学生在理论知识、实践/操作技能方面存在差异;本科学生在理论知识[SMD=1.79,95%CI(1.27,2.31),P<0.001]、实践/操作技能[SMD=1.62,95%CI(1.12,2.13),P<0.001]方面,混合式教学均优于传统教学;专科学生在理论知识[SMD=1.28,95%CI(0.60,1.96),P<0.001]方面,混合式教学优于传统教学,而实践/操作技能[SMD=-0.11,95%CI(-2.48,2.26),P=0.929]方面差异无统计学意义。结论相较于传统教学,混合式教学对提高我国临床医学专业学生理论知识和实践/操作技能效果更佳,且满意度更高,提示可以充分发挥混合式教学的优势,助力医学教育改革及临床医学人才的培养。