Improved methodology for efficient establishment of the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion model in pigs through the median thoracic incision

To investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of establishing porcine ischemia-reperfusion models by ligating the left anterior descending(LAD)coronary artery,we first randomly divided 16 male Bama pigs into a sham group and a model group.After anesthesia,we separated the arteries and veins.Subsequently,we rapidly located the LAD coronary artery at the beginning of its first diagonal branch through a mid-chest incision.Then,we loosened and released the ligation line after five minutes of pre-occlusion.Finally,we ligated the LAD coronary artery in situ two minutes later and loosened the ligature 60 min after ischemia.Compared with the sham group,electrocardiogram showed multiple continuous lead ST-segment elevations,and ultrasound cardiogram showed significantly lower ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening at one hour and seven days post-operation in the model group.Twenty-four hours after the operation,cardiac troponin T and creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme levels significantly increased in the model group,compared with the sham group.Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed the presence of many inflammatory cells infiltrating the interstitium of the myocardium in the model group but not in the sham group.Masson staining revealed a significant increase in infarct size in the ischemia/reperfusion group.All eight pigs in the model group recovered with normal sinus heart rates,and the survival rate was 100%.In conclusion,the method can provide an accurate and stable large animal model for preclinical research on ischemia/reperfusion with a high success rate and homogeneity of the myocardial infarction area.

Deep magnetic stimulation targeting the medial prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices for methamphetamine use disorder:a randomised,double-blind,sham-controlled study

Craving is a key component of substance use disorders(SUDs).1 In recent decades,repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS)has emerged as a promising treatment for individuals with SUDs by reducing their drug cravings and drug-associated cues,including methamphetamine,heroin,cocaine,nicotine and alcohol.2–7 Recently,the transdiagnostic consistency of the medial prefrontal cortex(MPFC)8 and anterior cingulate cortex(ACC)9 as neural substrates underlying cue reactivity was proposed.

Identification of a three-gene prognostic signature for radioresistant esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is causing a high mortality rate due to the lack of efficient early prognosis markers and suitable therapeutic regimens.The prognostic role of genes responsible for the acquisition of radioresistance in ESCC has not been fully elucidated.AIM To establish a prognostic model by studying gene expression patterns pertinent to radioresistance in ESCC patients.METHODS Datasets were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases.The edgeR,a Bioconductor package,was used to analyze mRNA expression between different groups.We screened genes specifically responsible for radioresistance to estimate overall survival.Pearson correlation analysis was performed to confirm whether the expression of those genes correlated with each other.Genes contributing to radioresistance and overall survival were assessed by the multivariate Cox regression model through the calculation ofβi and risk score using the following formula:∑^(n)_(i=1)βi×PSI.RESULTS We identified three prognostic mRNAs(cathepsin S[CTSS],cluster of differentiation 180[CD180],and SLP adapter and CSK-interacting membrane protein[SCIMP])indicative of radioresistance.The expression of the three identified mRNAs was related to each other(r>0.70 and P<0.05).As to 1-year and 3-year overall survival prediction,the area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve of the signature consisting of the three mRNAs was 0.716 and 0.841,respectively.When stratifying patients based on the risk score derived from the signature,the high-risk group exhibited a higher death risk and shorter survival time than the low-risk group(P<0.0001).Overall survival of the low-risk patients was significantly better than that of the highrisk patients(P=0.018).CONCLUSION We have developed a novel three-gene prognostic signature consisting of CTSS,CD180,and SCIMO for ESCC,which may facilitate the prediction of early prognosis of this malignancy.

Cooperation between China and Iran in addiction medicine: opportunities, challenges and strategies

INTRODUCTION Addiction is a major global risk factor for disability and premature death'and has become a public health and social problem worldwide.Despite substantial investments from governments and research institutionsglobally,current addictionmedicine research remains centred in Western countries.However,theories,models and results from western-centric research may not be applicable to different cultures.Non-Western countries such as China and Iran,and Western countries are committed to establishing addiction prevention and treatment tailored to their unique histories and cultures.To foster a global addiction science,it is important to increase the diversity of evidence without preconceived biases.

Porous metal oxides in the role of electrochemical CO_(2) reduction reaction

The global energy-related CO_(2) emissions have rapidly increased as the world economy heavily relied on fossil fuels.This paper explores the pressing challenge of CO_(2) emissions and highlights the role of porous metal oxide materials in the electrocatalytic reduction of CO_(2)(CO_(2)RR).The focus is on the development of robust and selective catalysts,particularly metal and metal-oxide-based materials.Porous metal oxides offer high surface area,enhancing the accessibility to active sites and improving reaction kinetics.The tunability of these materials allows for tailored catalytic behavior,targeting optimized reaction mechanisms for CO_(2)RR.The work also discusses the various synthesis strategies and identifies key structural and compositional features,addressing challenges like high overpotential,poor selectivity,and low stability.Based on these insights,we suggest avenues for future research on porous metal oxide materials for electrochemical CO_(2) reduction.

How do lateral septum projections to the ventral CA1 influence sociability?

Social dysfunction is a risk factor for several neuropsychiatric illnesses.Previous studies have shown that the lateral septum(LS)-related pathway plays a critical role in mediating social behaviors.Howeve r,the role of the connections between the LS and its downstream brain regions in social behavio rs remains unclea r.In this study,we conducted a three-chamber test using electrophysiological and chemogenetic approaches in mice to determine how LS projections to ventral CA1(vCA1)influence sociability.Our res ults showed that gamma-aminobutyric acid(GABA)-e rgic neuro ns were activated following social experience,and that social behavio rs were enhanced by chemogenetic modulation of these neurons.Moreover,LS GABAergic neurons extended their functional neural connections via vCA1 glutamatergic pyramidal neurons,and regulating LSGABA→vCA1Gluneural projections affected social behaviors,which were impeded by suppressing LSprojecting vCA1 neuronal activity or inhibiting GABAAreceptors in vCA1.These findings support the hypothesis that LS inputs to the vCA1 can control social prefe rences and social novelty behaviors.These findings provide new insights rega rding the neural circuits that regulate sociability.

Research progress of heterogeneous structure magnesium alloys:A review

In recent years,a new class of metallic materials featuring heterogeneous structures has emerged.These materials consist of distinct soft and hard domains with significant differences in mechanical properties,allowing them to maintain high strength while offering superior ductility.Magnesium(Mg)alloys,renowned for their low density,high specific strength,exceptional vibration damping,and electromagnetic shielding properties,exhibit tremendous potential as lightweight and functional materials.Despite their advantageous properties,high-strength Mg alloys often suffer from limited ductility.However,the emergence of heterogeneous materials provides a fresh perspective for the development of Mg alloys with both high strength and ductility.This article provided a fundamental overview of heterostructured materials and systematically reviewed the recent research progress in the design of Mg alloys with strength-ductility balance based on heterostructure principles.The review encompassed various aspects,including preparation methods,formation mechanisms of diverse heterostructures,and mechanical properties,both within domestic and international contexts.On this basis,the article discussed the challenges encountered in the design and fabrication of heterostructured Mg alloys,as well as the urgent issues that require attention and resolution in the future.

Large‑scale transcriptomic and genomic analyses reveal a novel functional gene SERPINB6 for chicken carcass traits

Background Carcass traits are crucial indicators of meat production efficiency.However,the molecular regulatory mechanisms associated with these traits remain unclear.Results In this study,we conducted comprehensive transcriptomic and genomic analyses on 399 Tiannong partridge chickens to identify key genes and variants associated with carcass traits and to elucidate the underlying regulatory mechanisms.Based on association analyses with the elastic net(EN)model,we identified 12 candidate genes(AMY1A,AP3B2,CEBPG,EEF2,EIF4EBP1,FGFR1,FOXD3,GOLM1,LOC107052698,PABPC1,SERPINB6 and TBC1D16)for 4 carcass-related traits,namely live weight,dressed weight,eviscerated weight,and breast muscle weight.SERPINB6 was identified as the only overlapping gene by 3 analyses,EN model analysis,weighted gene co-expression network analysis and differential expression analysis.Cell-level experiments confirmed that SERPINB6 promotes the proliferation of chicken DF1 cells and primary myoblasts.Further expression genome-wide association study and association analysis indicated that rs317934171 is the critical site that enhances SERPINB6 expression.Furthermore,a dual-luciferase reporter assay proved that gga-miR-1615 targets the 3′UTR of SERPINB6.Conclusions Collectively,our findings reveal that SERPINB6 serves as a novel gene for chicken carcass traits by promoting fibroblast and myoblast proliferation.Additionally,the downstream variant rs317934171 regulates SERPINB6 expression.These results identify a new target gene and molecular marker for the molecular mechanisms of chicken carcass traits.

Multidimensional health literacy profiles and health-related behaviors in the elderly:A cross-sectional survey

Objectives:To investigate health literacy profiles using a multidimensional tool in the elderly,analyze the factors related to health literacy,and explore the relationships between health literacy and health-related behaviors.Methods:A cross-sectional survey including 440 participants was conducted at a community health center and a village health center in Changsha,Hunan Province,between June 2020 and August 2020.We used the Health Literacy Questionnaire(HLQ)to assess the elderly’s health literacy.Sociodemographic data and health-related behaviors of them were surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire.Latent profile analysis,Pearson’s chi-squared and ordinal logistic regression were used to analyze the data.Results:The median age of the 440 respondents was 68 years.The participants had the lowest scores in the“appraisal of health information”subscale(2.22±0.52),followed by“navigating the healthcare system”subscale(2.89±0.81)of HLQ.Based on the analysis of three profiles,respondents who were 60 e74 years(OR=2.06,95%CI:1.23e3.42,P=0.006),living in urban areas(OR=3.28,95%CI:2.17e4.94,P<0.001),with secondary education or above(OR=2.86,95%CI:1.92e4.27,P<0.001),and having health insurance(OR=1.89,95%CI:1.02e3.51,P=0.042)were significantly associated with health literacy.Statistically significant associations were found between health literacy level and health-related behaviors,including medical service-seeking behavior(χ^(2)=25.14,P<0.001),exercising regularly(χ^(2)=34.08,P<0.001),and taking a medical examination in the past 12 months(χ^(2)=24.76,P<0.001).Conclusion:The multidimensional health literacy survey has identified the low health literacy level among the elderly in community settings.It revealed the relationships of sociodemographic character-istics,including age,education level and residence,with health literacy.These findings emphasized the importance of health literacy in promoting health behaviors,guiding a profound understanding of the Chinese elderly’s health needs and health literacy to develop community-based health promotion interventions.

基于粗糙集理论的正交设计提取工艺因素方法的研究

目的研究药物制剂生产过程中因素之间的内在规律,探讨应用粗糙集理论寻求最优的工艺方案方法。方法以经典名方四物汤为例,利用正交设计试验预处理数据,建立决策表,利用粗糙集规则模型进行分析。结果当四物汤的提取时间、加水量和提取次数的因素水平逐渐增高时,多糖成分含量水平也呈递增趋势。当提取时间为1.5小时、加水量为1∶20、提取次数为2次时,试验结果最好,为四物汤优化提取工艺的三因素三水平最佳组合。结论应用粗糙集理论可以探究药物制剂生产工艺因素之间以及因素与试验结果之间的相关关系,更全面地揭示其内在动态规律,并提供一种新颖的研究方法,进一步提高药物制剂的工艺质量。

Study on Effect of Different Varieties Configuration upon Yield of Yan Mountain Chestnut

In order to improve the yield and quality of 5 new Castanea mollissima varieties “Zipo”, “Zunyu” and traditional Yan Mountain Castanea mollissima cultivars “Duanci”, “Yanhong” and “Donglingmingzhu”, we carried out an experiment to study effect from different varieties configuration on yield of Yan Mountain chestnut. The result indicated that: cross-pollination had a significant impact on both fruiting rate and seed-setting rate;cross-pollination improved the nut number in each burr of each variety, in which “Duanci” was the biggest beneficiary, whose number of nut per burr increased from 1.08 to 2.77, 156% higher than that of the self-pollination combination;nut weight showed no significant difference in Xenia Effection;“Zunyu” improved the yield of “Yanhong” most;“Donglingmingzhu” was regarded as the best tree to improve “Zunyu”’s yield;the best variety to improve yield of “Zipo” was “Zunyu”;“Donglingmingzhu” and “Duanci” improved yield of each other most.

Effects of Yangyin Jiedu Decoction on Acute Oral Mucositis Caused by Radiation

[Objectives] The aim was to observe the clinical effect of Yangyin Jiedu Decoction for acute oral mucositis caused by radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma( NPC). [Methods]Total 64 patients with non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma of nasopharynx were divided evenly and randomly into two groups,treatment group and control group. In the treatment group,the patients began to take Yangyin Jiedu Decoction one week before radiotherapy; while in the control group,the patients were treated with mixed solution of dexamethasone,lidocaine,recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor and vitamin B12. From the beginning to the end of radiotherapy,the curative effect in the two groups was observed and compared. In addition,the levels of serum CRP,TGF-β1 and IL-6 were measured to detect the inflammatory response. [Results] The incidence of acute oral mucositis in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group( P <0. 05). The effective rate was 96. 88% in the treatment group and 67. 74% in the control group. The levels of serum CRP,TGF-β1 and IL-6 in the treatment group were also lower than those in the control group. [Conclusions]Yangyin Jiedu Decoction has a good effect on prevention and treatment of acute radioactive oral mucositis and it is worthy of clinical application.

A Distributed Feedforward Control Method for Power Electronic Transformers

Because of its advantages such as small size and light weight,power electronic transformers(PET)are increasingly used in power transmission and distribution systems.The traditional centralized control method requires each cascaded power module to communicate with the central controller through a high-speed communication link,which increases the computational and communication burden of the central controller and reduces the expandability and modularity of a PET system.In this paper,a distributed feedforward control method for a cascaded H-bridge(CHB)converter-based PET is proposed.The pulse width modulation,input current regulation,voltage balance control,power balance control,output voltage regulation and output current regulation are assigned to the distributed local controllers.Therefore,the computational and communication burden of the central controller can be significantly reduced.The number of fibers connected to the central controller can be significantly reduced.Meanwhile,the proposed control method can greatly improve the dynamic response of the load disturbance,and a smooth start-up process of the PET system can be achieved.Simulation results are given to show the effectiveness of the proposed method.

A BOUNDARY SCHWARZ LEMMA FOR PLURIHARMONIC MAPPINGS FROM THE UNIT POLYDISK TO THE UNIT BALL

In this article, we present a Schwarz lemma at the boundary for pluriharmonic mappings from the unit polydisk to the unit ball, which generalizes classical Schwarz lemma for bounded harmonic functions to higher dimensions. It is proved that if the pluriharmonic mapping f ∈ P（Dn, BN） is C1＋α at z0 ∈ ErDn with f（0） = 0 and f（z0） = ω0∈BN for any n,N ≥ 1, then there exist a nonnegative vector λf =（λ1,0,…,λr,0,…,0）T∈R2 nsatisfying λi≥1/（22 n-1） for 1 ≤ i ≤ r such that where z’0 and w’0 are real versions of z0 and w0, respectively.

Study on Isolation and Degradation Characteristics of an Aniline-degrading Strain

[Objective] The research aimed to screen out an efficient aniline-degrading strain and study its degradation characteristics. [Method] By domesticated enrichment culture, an efficient aniline-degrading strain named as DA-K was isolated from activated sludge sample collected from a chemical plant in Henan. DA-K could use aniline as the sole carbon and nitrogen sources. The strain was carried out physiological and biochemi- cal identification, and its biological degradation characteristics were studied. [ Result] DA-K strain was G - and red-shaped, and its colony color was off-white. It was initially determined as Acinetobacter sp. By measuring, the optimum growth temperature and pH for DA-K were respectively 30 ~C and 6.0. DA-K strain could grow well in inorganic salt medium with aniline of 2 500 mg/L. After shaking for 96 h under the conditions of pH 6.0, 30 ℃, 180 r/min and 1 000 mg/L of aniline, the degradation rate of the aniline by DA-K could reach nearly 80%. [ Conclusion] The DA-K strain had a higher aniline degradation efficiency and actual treatment capability of the aniline wastewater, which laid foundation for establishing gene engineerincl strain.

Adipose tissue dysfunction and the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome

Metabolic syndrome is a growing research area. The underlying mechanisms of metabolic syndrome are still not very clear. Insulin resistance, obesity, inflammation and oxidative stress may play an important role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome. The role of adipose tissue dysfunction is emphasized during the development of obesity. Adipose tissue is identified as a complex endocrine organ and its metabolic functions extend well beyond the classical actions of thermoregulation and of storage and release of fatty acids. Chronic low-grade inflammation activated by the immune system in adipose tissue is a key contributing factor to type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Visceral obesity results in cell autonomous impairment in insulin signaling that leads to insulin resistance. Chronic inflammation in adipose tissue has gained acceptance as a lead promoter of insulin resistance in obesity. Furthermore, obesity creates oxidativestress conditions in adipose tissue that not only correlates with insulin resistance but is also causative in its development. Oxidative stress may be a mechanistic link between several components of metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases, through its role in inflammation and its ability to disrupt insulin-signaling. The study around adipose tissue dysfunction will help to understand the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome and may bring effective therapy in treatment of metabolic syndrome related diseases. Therefore, this review mainly focuses on the roles of adipose tissue dysfunction in inflammation, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome.

高强度部分脱乙酰甲壳素纳米纤维/聚乙烯醇复合丝线的制备及性能

从废弃蟹壳中提取甲壳素,对其进行部分脱乙酰及纳米化处理得到部分脱乙酰甲壳素纳米纤维(D-ChNFs)。将D-ChNF与聚乙烯醇(PVA)混合,利用湿法纺丝工艺制备D-ChNF/PVA复合丝线,并对其微观形貌、力学性能、表面特性及结晶结构等进行表征与分析。结果表明,在氢氧化钠凝固浴中,D-ChNF与PVA能够经分子间氢键结合实现丝状成型,通过调控两者质量比,所得复合丝线拉伸强度可达251.0MPa、断裂伸长率约8.14%、弹性模量近13.81GPa。进一步地,将该复合丝线作为柔性基材组装构建传感器,用于实时监测人体活动。研究结果可为拓展废弃蟹壳的多领域资源化与高值化利用提供理论依据与技术支持。

Contamination and human health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s in topsoil and groundwater around mining and dressing factories in Chifeng,North China

Chifeng is a concentrated mining area for non-ferrous metal minerals,as well as a key prevention and control area for heavyduty enterprises.This situation necessitates an efective ecological and human health risk assessment of heavy metal(loid)s driven by the wide distribution of metal ore processing,mining,and smelting factories in Hexigten Banner and Bairin Left Banner.We conducted surveys to assess the levels of heavy metal(loid)s(Cr,As,Pb,Cd,and Hg)in the topsoil and groundwater of the areas.The results indicated that the concentrations of As,Cd,and Pb in partial soil samples exceeded the environmental quality standards of Grade II.Based on contamination assessments,such as geoaccumulation indices and pollution indices,we inferred that Cd,Pb,and As were primary pollutants in topsoil.Potential ecological risks when considered as part of the average risk indices(RI)are up to 1626.40 and 2818.76,respectively,in the two areas.Comparative analysis revealed that Cd posed a very high potential ecological risk,followed by As.Moreover,the evaluation showed that the three exposure pathways of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk followed a descending order:inhalation>ingestion>dermal contact,except for Pb.Arsenic in topsoil posed a potential non-carcinogenic risk to human health,while there were no adverse efects of As in groundwater.In addition,the average total carcinogenic risk for As in the two areas,as well as the risk of Pb in the topsoil of Bairin Left Banner and all the fve heavy metal(loid)s in groundwater,exceeded human tolerance.Pb–Zn mines caused higher human health risks.In addition,the tandem contamination of heavy metal(loid)s in soil and groundwater was not obvious.This research study provides a basis for pollution remediation to control heavy industry-induced ecological and health risks of heavy metal(loid)s.

Synthesis of an IMF zeolite membrane for the separation of xylene isomer

The synthesis of a continuous IMF zeolite membrane was fabricated on tubular substrates by seeded growth for the first time. The straight channels of IMF zeolite with diameters of 0.53–0.59 nm are distinguishable for p-xylene from o-xylene molecules. Pure IMF-phase high-silica IM-5 zeolite seeds with uniform and fine crystal size were fabricated by a new sonication-assisted aging process. The seeds were coated on the support by dipcoating and induced the formation of continuous membrane. Separation performance in p-/o-xylene mixture was investigated at various temperature and pressure. The typical IM-5zeolite membrane had p-/o-xylene separation factor of 3.7. Our results suggest that IM-5 zeolite is a potentially good membrane material for the separation of xylene mixtures.

A splice site mutation in the FvePHP gene is associated with leaf development and f lowering time in woodland strawberry

Leaves and f lowers are crucial for the growth and development of higher plants.In this study we identified a mutant with narrow leaf lets and early f lowering(nlef)in an ethyl methanesulfonate-mutagenized population of woodland strawberry(Fragaria vesca)and aimed to identify the candidate gene.Genetic analysis revealed that a single recessive gene,nlef,controlled the mutant phenotype.We found that FvH4_1g25470,which encodes a putative DNA polymeraseαwith a polymerase and histidinol phosphatase domain(PHP),might be the candidate gene,using bulked segregant analysis with whole-genome sequencing,molecular markers,and cloning analyses.A splice donor site mutation(C to T)at the 5-end of the second intron led to an erroneous splice event that reduced the expression level of the full-length transcript of FvePHP in mutant plants.FvePHP was localized in the nucleus and was highly expressed in leaves.Silencing of FvePHP using the virus-induced gene silencing method resulted in partial developmental defects in strawberry leaves.Overexpression of the FvePHP gene can largely restore the mutant phenotype.The expression levels of FveSEP1,FveSEP3,FveAP1,FveFUL,and FveFT were higher in the mutants than those in‘Yellow Wonder’plants,probably contributing to the early f lowering phenotype in mutant plants.Our results indicate that mutation in FvePHP is associated with multiple developmental pathways.These results aid in understanding the role of DNA polymerase in strawberry development.