Belowground Bud Bank Is Insensitive to Short-Term Nutrient Addition in the Meadow Steppe of Inner Mongolia

Human activities and industrialization have significantly increased soil nutrients,such as nitrogen(N)and phos-phorus(P),profoundly impacting the composition and structure of plant community,as well as the ecosystem functions,especially in nutrient-limited ecosystems.However,as the key propagule pool of perennial grasslands,how belowground bud bank and its relationship with aboveground vegetation respond to short-term changes in soil nutrients was still unclear.In this study,we conducted a short-term(2021–2022)soil fertilization experiment with N addition(10 g N m^(-2) yr^(-1))and P addition(5 g N m^(-2) yr^(-1))in the meadow steppe of Inner Mongolia,China,to explore the responses of belowground bud bank,aboveground shoot population and their relationships(represented by the ratio of bud to shoot density-meristem limitation index(MLI))for the whole community and three plant functional groups(perennial rhizomatous grasses-PR,perennial bunchgrasses-PB,and perennial forbs-PF)to nutrient addition.The short-term nutrient addition had no significant influences on belowground bud density,aboveground shoot density,and MLI of the whole plant community.Plant functional groups showed different responses to soil fertilization.Specifically,N addition significantly increased the bud density and shoot density of PR,especially in combination with P addition.N addition reduced the shoot density of PF but had no influence on its bud density and MLI.Nutrient addition had significant effects on the three indicators of PB.Our study indicates that the belowground bud bank and its relationship with aboveground vegetation in temperate meadow steppe are insensitive to short-term soil fertilization,but plant functional groups exhibit specific responses in terms of population regeneration,which implies that plant community composition and ecosystem functions will be changed under the ongoing global change.

Physical Activity,Sedentary Behavior,and the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients:The MIDiab Study

The aim of this study was to explore the associations of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity(MVPA)time and sedentary(SED)time with a history of cardiovascular disease(CVD)and multifactorial(i.e.,blood pressure(BP),body mass index(BMI),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),and glycated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c))control status among type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients in China.A cross-sectional analysis of 9152 people with type 2 diabetes from the Multifactorial Intervention on Type 2 Diabetes(MIDiab)study was performed.Patients were grouped according to their self-reported MVPA time(low,<150 min·week−1;moderate,150 to<450 min·week−1;high,≥450 min·week−1)and SED time(low,<4 h·d–1;moderate,4 to<8 h·d–1;high,≥8 h·d–1).Participants who self-reported a history of CVD were identified as having a CVD risk.Odds ratios(ORs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)of CVD risk and multifactorial control status associated with MVPA time and SED time were estimated using mixed-effect logistic regression models,adjusting for China’s geographical region characteristics.The participants had a mean±standard deviation(SD)age of(60.87±8.44)years,44.5%were women,and 25.1%had CVD.After adjustment for potential confounding factors,an inverse association between high MVPA time and CVD risk that was independent of SED time was found,whereas this association was not observed in the moderate-MVPA group.A higher MVPA time was more likely to have a positive effect on the control of BMI.Compared with the reference group(i.e.,those with MVPA time≥450 min·week−1 and SED time<4 h·d–1),CVD risk was higher in the low-MVPA group:The OR associated with an SED time<4 h·d–1 was 1.270(95%CI,1.040–1.553)and that associated with an SED time≥8 h·d–1 was 1.499(95%CI,1.149–1.955).We found that a high MVPA time(i.e.,≥450 min·week−1)was associated with lower odds of CVD risk regardless of SED time among patients with T2DM.

A multi-modal clustering method for traditonal Chinese medicine clinical data via media convergence

Media convergence is a media change led by technological innovation.Applying media convergence technology to the study of clustering in Chinese medicine can significantly exploit the advantages of media fusion.Obtaining consistent and complementary information among multiple modalities through media convergence can provide technical support for clustering.This article presents an approach based on Media Convergence and Graph convolution Encoder Clustering(MCGEC)for traditonal Chinese medicine(TCM)clinical data.It feeds modal information and graph structure from media information into a multi-modal graph convolution encoder to obtain the media feature representation learnt from multiple modalities.MCGEC captures latent information from various modalities by fusion and optimises the feature representations and network architecture with learnt clustering labels.The experiment is conducted on real-world multimodal TCM clinical data,including information like images and text.MCGEC has improved clustering results compared to the generic single-modal clustering methods and the current more advanced multi-modal clustering methods.MCGEC applied to TCM clinical datasets can achieve better results.Integrating multimedia features into clustering algorithms offers significant benefits compared to single-modal clustering approaches that simply concatenate features from different modalities.It provides practical technical support for multi-modal clustering in the TCM field incorporating multimedia features.

RoBGP:A Chinese Nested Biomedical Named Entity Recognition Model Based on RoBERTa and Global Pointer

Named Entity Recognition(NER)stands as a fundamental task within the field of biomedical text mining,aiming to extract specific types of entities such as genes,proteins,and diseases from complex biomedical texts and categorize them into predefined entity types.This process can provide basic support for the automatic construction of knowledge bases.In contrast to general texts,biomedical texts frequently contain numerous nested entities and local dependencies among these entities,presenting significant challenges to prevailing NER models.To address these issues,we propose a novel Chinese nested biomedical NER model based on RoBERTa and Global Pointer(RoBGP).Our model initially utilizes the RoBERTa-wwm-ext-large pretrained language model to dynamically generate word-level initial vectors.It then incorporates a Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory network for capturing bidirectional semantic information,effectively addressing the issue of long-distance dependencies.Furthermore,the Global Pointer model is employed to comprehensively recognize all nested entities in the text.We conduct extensive experiments on the Chinese medical dataset CMeEE and the results demonstrate the superior performance of RoBGP over several baseline models.This research confirms the effectiveness of RoBGP in Chinese biomedical NER,providing reliable technical support for biomedical information extraction and knowledge base construction.

Resistance index and browning mechanism of apple peel under high temperature stress

Apples are one of the most important economic crops worldwide.Because of global warming and an aggravation of environmental,abnormally high temperatures occur frequently in fruit-growing season and seriously affect normal fruit growth and reduce fruit quality and yield.We took five-year-old Ruixue’(Qinfu 1×Pink Lady;CNA20151469.1) fruits as test materials,and the ambient temperature during fruit development was monitored.The results showed that during the fruit-growing season,especially during the rapid growth stage (July to August),the maximum daily temperature exceeded 30℃ and lasted for more than 40 days.To determine the effects of high temperature stress on the apple fruit resistance,we treated expanding,veraison,and maturity-period fruits at different temperatures.It was found that the fruits of the expanding period showed strong resistance to high temperature stress,whereas during veraison and maturity,fruit resistance to high temperature stress decreased,and the fruit peel browning phenotype appeared.Meanwhile,the content of malonaldehyde (MDA),hydrogen peroxide (H_(2)O_(2)),and superoxide anion (O._(2)^(-)) in the peel gradually increased with increasing temperature.The content of total phenols,flavanol,and flavonoids in the peel decreased substantially at 45℃.Moreover,it was found that polyphenol oxidase gene (MdPPO1) was most sensitive to high temperature stress in apple.Furthermore,transient and stable MdPPO1 overexpression significantly promoted peel browning.The transgenic materials were more sensitive to high temperatures,and browning was more severe compared to non-genetically modified organism (WT).Stable MdPPO1 knockout calli obtained via clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats (CRISPR/Cas9) gene knockout technology reduced the browning phenotype,and the resultant fruits were not sensitive to the effects of high temperature stress.Thus,MdPPO1 expression may be a key factor of high temperature-related changes observed in the browning phenotype that provides a scientific theoretical basis for the selection of high temperature-resistant varieties and apple cultivation and management in the future.

Multi-modal knowledge graph inference via media convergence and logic rule

Media convergence works by processing information from different modalities and applying them to different domains.It is difficult for the conventional knowledge graph to utilise multi-media features because the introduction of a large amount of information from other modalities reduces the effectiveness of representation learning and makes knowledge graph inference less effective.To address the issue,an inference method based on Media Convergence and Rule-guided Joint Inference model(MCRJI)has been pro-posed.The authors not only converge multi-media features of entities but also introduce logic rules to improve the accuracy and interpretability of link prediction.First,a multi-headed self-attention approach is used to obtain the attention of different media features of entities during semantic synthesis.Second,logic rules of different lengths are mined from knowledge graph to learn new entity representations.Finally,knowledge graph inference is performed based on representing entities that converge multi-media features.Numerous experimental results show that MCRJI outperforms other advanced baselines in using multi-media features and knowledge graph inference,demonstrating that MCRJI provides an excellent approach for knowledge graph inference with converged multi-media features.

Molecular Investigation of Theileria in Ixodid Ticks from Changzhi,Shanxi Province,China

Theileria is a tick-borne intracellular protozoan that typically parasitizes erythrocytes,lymphocytes,and macrophages and causes acute clinical symptoms in host animals,including high fever,anemia,jaundice,and swelling of superficial lymph nodes[1].Theileriosis can lead to high mortality rates,and its rising global prevalence has resulted in significant economic losses to livestock husbandry and the national economy[2].

Hole-Doped Nonvolatile and Electrically Controllable Magnetism in van der Waals Ferroelectric Heterostructures

Electrical control of magnetism in van der Waals semiconductors is a promising step towards development of two-dimensional spintronic devices with ultralow power consumption for processing and storing information.Here, we propose a design for two-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures(vdWHs) that can host ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism simultaneously under hole doping. By contacting an In Se monolayer and forming an InSe/In_(2)Se_(3) vd WH, the switchable built-in electric field from the reversible out-of-plane polarization enables robust control of the band alignment. Furthermore, switching between the two ferroelectric states(P_↑ and P_↓)of hole-doped In_(2)Se_(3) with an external electric field can interchange the ON and OFF states of the nonvolatile magnetism. More interestingly, doping concentration and strain can effectively tune the magnetic moment and polarization energy. Therefore, this provides a platform for realizing multiferroics in ferroelectric heterostructures,showing great potential for use in nonvolatile memories and ferroelectric field-effect transistors.

刍议高职新能源汽车技术专业实训基地建设与实践教学研究

随着新能源汽车行业的快速发展,对相关专业人才的需求也日益增长。而高职院校作为培养技术技能人才的主要渠道,其新能源汽车技术专业的实训基地建设和实践教学模式显得尤为重要。如何更好地建设高职新能源汽车技术专业实训基地以及开展实践教学,提升学生的实际操作能力和解决问题的能力,是值得相关教育工作者深入探讨的重要课题。对此,通过阐述高职新能源汽车技术专业实训基地建设的目标与定位,分析高职新能源汽车技术专业实训基地建设与实践教学,进而探究高职新能源汽车技术专业实训基地建设与实践教学的结合,以期满足社会对新能源汽车技术人才的需求。

Chromosome-level genome assemblies of five Prunus species and genome-wide association studies for key agronomic traits in peach

Prunus species include many important perennial fruit crops,such as peach,plum,apricot,and related wild species.Here,we report de novo genome assemblies for five species,including the cultivated species peach(Prunus persica),plum(Prunus salicina),and apricot(Prunus armeniaca),and the wild peach species Tibetan peach(Prunus mira)and Chinese wild peach(Prunus davidiana).The genomes ranged from 240 to 276 Mb in size,with contig N50 values of 2.27−8.30Mb and 25,333−27,826 protein-coding gene models.As the phylogenetic tree shows,plum diverged from its common ancestor with peach,wild peach species,and apricot~7 million years ago(MYA).We analyzed whole-genome resequencing data of 417 peach accessions,called 3,749,618 high-quality SNPs,577,154 small indels,31,800 deletions,duplications,and inversions,and 32,338 insertions,and performed a structural variant-based genome-wide association study(GWAS)of key agricultural traits.From our GWAS data,we identified a locus associated with a fruit shape corresponding to the OVATE transcription factor,where a large inversion event correlates with higher OVATE expression in flat-shaped accessions.Furthermore,a GWAS revealed a NAC transcription factor associated with fruit developmental timing that is linked to a tandem repeat variant and elevated NAC expression in early-ripening accessions.We also identified a locus encoding microRNA172d,where insertion of a transposable element into its promoter was found in double-flower accessions.Thus,our efforts have suggested roles for OVATE,a NAC transcription factor,and microRNA172d in fruit shape,fruit development period,and floral morphology,respectively,that can be connected to traits in other crops,thereby demonstrating the importance of parallel evolution in the diversification of several commercially important domesticated species.In general,these genomic resources will facilitate functional genomics,evolutionary research,and agronomic improvement of these five and other Prunus species.We believe that structural variant-based GWASs can also be used in other plants,animal species,and humans and be combined with deep sequencing GWASs to precisely identify candidate genes and genetic architecture components.

miRNA sequencing analysis of healthy and atretic follicles of chickens revealed that miR-30a-5p inhibits granulosa cell death via targeting Beclin1

Background:The egg production performance of chickens is affected by many factors,including genetics,nutrition and environmental conditions.These factors all play a role in egg production by affecting the development of follicles.MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are important non-coding RNAs that regulate biological processes by targeting genes or other non-coding RNAs after transcription.In the animal reproduction process,miRNA is known to affect the development and atresia of follicles by regulating apoptosis and autophagy of granulosa cells(GCs).Results:In this study,we identified potential miRNAs in the atretic follicles of broody chickens and unatretic follicles of healthy chickens.We identified gga-miR-30a-5p in 50 differentially expressed miRNAs and found that gga-miR-30a-5p played a regulatory role in the development of chicken follicles.The function of miR-30a-5p was explored through the transfection test of miR-30a-5p inhibitor and miR-30a-5p mimics.In the study,we used qPCR,western blot and flow cytometry to detect granulosa cell apoptosis,autophagy and steroid hormone synthesis.Confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy are used for the observation of autophagolysosomes.The levels of estradiol(E2),progesterone(P4),malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were detected by ELISA.The results showed that miR-30a-5p showed a negative effect on autophagy and apoptosis of granulosa cells,and also contributed in steroid hormones and reactive oxygen species(ROS)production.In addition,the results obtained from the biosynthesis and dual luciferase experiments showed that Beclin1 was the target gene of miR-30a-5p.The rescue experiment conducted further confirmed that Beclin1 belongs to the miR-30a-5p regulatory pathway.Conclusions:In summary,after deep miRNA sequencing on healthy and atretic follicles,the results indicated that miR-30a-5p inhibits granulosa cell death by inhibiting Beclin1.

A feasible and effective solution-processed PCBM electron extraction layer enabling the high VOC and efficient Cu_(2)ZnSn(S, Se)_(4) devices

Photo-generated carrier recombination loss at the CZTSSe/Cd S front interface is a key issue to the opencircuit voltage(V_(OC)) deficit of Cu_(2)ZnSnS_(x)Se_(4-x)(CZTSSe) solar cells. Here, by the aid of an easy-handling spin-coating method, a thin PCBM([6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester) layer as an electron extraction layer has been introduced on the top of CdS buffer layer to modify CZTSSe/CdS/ZnO-ITO(In_(2)O_(3):Sn) interfacial properties. Based on Sn^(4+)/DMSO(dimethyl sulfoxide) solution system, a totalarea efficiency of 12.87% with a VOC of 529 m V has been achieved. A comprehensive investigation on the influence of PCBM layer on carrier extraction, transportation and recombination processes has been carried out. It is found that the PCBM layer can smooth over the Cd S film roughness, thus beneficial for a dense and flat window layer. Furthermore, this CZTSSe/Cd S/PCBM heterostructure can accelerate carrier separation and extraction and block holes from the front interface as well, which is mainly ascribed to the downward band bending of the absorber and a widened space charge region. Our work provides a feasible way to improve the front interfacial property and the cell performance of CZTSSe solar cells by the aid of organic interfacial materials.

MOOC/SPOC Blended Teaching Practice on Software Engineering Using“Integration of Physical Classroom,Online Classroom and Practical Classroom”

With the vigorous development of MOOC and SPOC,software engineering teachers are exploring how to use first-class online resources to reconstruct the software engineering teaching system.This study proposed a project-driven group discussion classroom teaching reform,which is characterized by“the trinity integration of physical classroom,online classroom,and practical classroom”.The reform employs heuristic and case-based teaching methods,in which,the curriculum is supplemented by smart teaching tools and takes discussion teaching as the core.The teaching process emphasizes the accumulation of multi-stage study results and adopts smart teaching method innovation.In this study,we also build practical classrooms with top software companies.We encourage students to participate in the classroom and take the initiative to practice through“discussion groups”“enterprise practice”,and“cloud training”,which improves learning effectiveness and enhances the ability to analyze problems,design systems,and innovate in actual software projects.

Analysis of Common Clinical Practice Teaching Methods in Medical Colleges and Universities

Clinical practice teaching is an important part of medical education.For medical students in colleges and universities,the teaching method is mostly single before the teaching reform.Innovative clinical practice teaching methods have been implemented in colleges and universities with the deepening of the teaching reform in recent years.

Application of phenonaphthazine derivatives as hole-transporting materials for perovskite solar cells

Two electron-rich, solution-processable phenonaphthazine derivatives, 5,12-bis(N-[4,4'-bis-(phenyl) aminophen-4 ''-yl]}-phenonaphthazine (BPZTPA) and 5,12-bis{N-[4,4'-bis(methoxy-phenyl)aminophen-4'-phenonaphthazine (MeO-BPZTPA) have been designed and employed in the fabrication of perovskite solar cells. BPZTPA and MeO-BPZTPA exhibit excellent thermal stabilities, hole mobilities (similar to 10(-4) cm(2)/(V.s)) and suitable HOMO levels (-5.34 and-5.29 eV, respectively) relative to the valence band of the CH3NH3PbI3 and Au work function, showing their potential as alternative hole-transporting materials (HTMs). Meanwhile, the corresponding mesoporous TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/HTM/Au devices are investigated, and the best power conversion efficiency of 10.36% has been achieved for MeO-BPZTPA without using p-type dopant. (C) 2016 Science Press and Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Published by Elsevier B.V. and Science Press. All rights reserved.

Impressive self-healing phenomenon of Cu_2ZnSn(S, Se)_4 solar cells

A study of the self-healing phenomenon of Cu2ZnSn（S, Se）4（CZTSSe） solar cells has shown more than 10% enhancement in cell performance after storage at room temperature for a week, with a significant improvement in the open-circuit photovoltage（V（oc）） and fill factor（F F）. In addition, up to 10.45% power conversion efficiency（PCE） has been achieved.No obvious change in crystallinity, crystal phase, optical absorption or elemental distribution in the CZTSSe films was detected on examining the x-ray diffraction（XRD） pattern, Raman spectrum, ultraviolet-visible（UV-Vis）, and TOF-SIMS.Further investigations on the charge carrier concentration, charge radiative recombination, and band structure suggest that the enhancement in PCE stems mainly from a reduction in deep defects of the CZTSSe semiconductor film.

Research on Online and Offline Hybrid Teaching Mode under the Concept of OBE ——A Case Study for Software Engineering

With the support of the Ministry of Education’s Industry-Academia Collaborative Education Project and the critical project of Shandong Province’s education and teaching reform,we explore student-centered education reform positively to learn outcome-driven,which have the characteristics of a solid foundation,intense practice,strict process,and innovation.Under the technical support of the“Internet+”smart education,our practice has formed an online and offline hybrid teaching mode based on the effective interaction of teaching total factor under the OBE concept.Based on Bloom’s Taxonomy and Outcomes-based Education(OBE),this model formulates the overall objectives of the curriculum and the detailed objectives of each teaching step,plans the online and offline teaching design as a whole,and implements the target teaching by classification.Based on Laurillard’s scientific model of designing teaching sessions,we continuously iterate over the teaching steps like teacher communication,teacher demonstration,peer communication,and peer demonstration following the agile education concept.In the meantime,comprehensive application of SPOC online platform,Mu classroom,smart classroom offline carrier,WeChat/QQ social software,and other technical means facilitates the design for student-student interaction,teacher-student interaction,student-student discussion,teacher-student discussion,and other scenarios,realizing the combination of online and offline environment,of study independently and in the group,of flipped classroom and seminars.

Curcumin Inhibits Cell Viability by Inducing Apoptosis and Autophagy in Human Colon Cancer Cells

Objective:To explore the inhibitory effect of curcumin on colon cancer in vitro.Methods:Human colon cancer cell lines HT29 and SW620 were cultured in vitro,which were divided into test group and control group.Cells in the test groups were treated with curcumin at different concentrations,while the control groups were treated with dimethylsulfoxide(DMSO).Subsequently,methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)assay,were carried out to estimate cellular proliferative activity.Flow cytometry using annexin-V/propidium iodide(PI)staining was performed to detect cell apoptosis.Formation of autophagosomes in the cytoplasm in colon cancer cells were detected by TEM(transmission electron microscopy analysis),and Western blot to measure the expressions of proteins related to apoptosis and autophagy.Results:MTT assay showed that curcumin inhibited the proliferative activity of both HT29 and SW620 cells,significantly different from the control group(P<0.001).The halfmaximal inhibitory concentration(IC50)of curcumin at 24 hours was 20μM for both HT29 and SW620 cells.Annexin-V FITC/PI double labeling showed that,After treatment with curcumin of 20μM for 24 hours,a significant increase was observed in apoptosis rate in both HT219 cells((10.00±0.60)%vs.(4.00±0.70)%,P<0.01;(10.50±0.40)%vs.(4.30±0.26)%,P<0.01)compared with the control cells.TEM analysis showed that curcumin increased the accumulation of autophagosomes in the cytoplasm in HT29 and SW620 cells.Western blot showed an increase in the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins including cleaved caspase-3 and cleaved poly ADP-ribose polymerase(PARP)but decrease of P62 protein in both HT29 and SW620 cells after 24-hour treatment with 20μM curcumin for 24 hours compared with the control groups.Conclusion:Curcumin can inhibit the proliferation,induce apoptosis and autophagy in human colon cancer cells.

Using radium isotopes to evaluate the uncertainty of submarine groundwater discharge in the northeast and entirety of Daya Bay

Submarine groundwater discharge(SGD),which can be traced using naturally occurring radium isotopes,has been recognized as a significant nutrient source and land-ocean interaction passage for the coastal waters of the Daya Bay,China.However,uncertainties in assessing SGD fluxes must still be discussed in detail.In this study,we attempted to utilize the Monte Carlo method to evaluate the uncertainties of radium-derived SGD flux in the northeast and entirety of the Daya Bay.The results show that the uncertainties of the SGD estimate in the northeast bay are very sensitive to variations in excess radium inventories as well as radium inputs from bottom sediments,while the uncertainties of the SGD estimate for the entire bay are strongly affected by fluctuations in radium inputs from bottom sediments and radium end-members of SGD.This study will help to distinguish the key factors controlling the accuracy of SGD estimates in similar coastal waters.

MAPK4 facilitates angiogenesis by inhibiting the ERK pathway in non-small cell lung cancer

Background:Angiogenesis plays an important role in the occurrence and development of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).The atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase 4(MAPK4)has been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases.However,the potential role of MAPK4 in the tumor angiogenesis of NSCLC remains unclear.Methods:Adult male C57BL/6 wild-type mice were randomly divided into the control group and p-siMAPK4 intervention group,respectively.The cell proliferation was analyzed with flow cytometry and immunofluorescence staining.The vascular density in tumor mass was analyzed by immuno-fluorescence staining.The expressions of MAPK4 and related signaling molecules were detected by western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining,and so on.Results:We found that the expression of MAPK4,which was dominantly expressed in local endothelial cells(ECs),was correlated with tumor angiogenesis of NSCLC.Furthermore,MAPK4 silencing inhibited the proliferation and migration abilities of human umbilical vein ECs(HUVECs).QKHZC-2020-4Y156,QKH-JC-2018-1428,QKH-RC-2019-5612;Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Ministry of Education,Grant/Award Number:2020-39;Program for Science and Technology Joint Fund Project in Zunyi Science and Technology Bureau and Zunyi Medical University,Grant/Award Numbers:ZSKH-RPT-2020-6,ZSKH-HZ-2021-193;Graduate Research Fund of Zunyi Medical University,Grant/Award Number:2023-ZYK-171 Global gene analysis showed that MAPK4 silencing altered the expression of multiple genes related to cell cycle and angiogenesis pathways,and that MAPK4 silencing increased transduction of the extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2(ERK1/2)pathway but not Akt and c-Jun n-terminal kinase pathways.Further analysis showed that MAPK4 silencing inhibited the proliferation and migration abilities of HUVECs cultured in tumor cell supernatant,which was accompanied with increased transduction of the ERK1/2 pathway.Clinical data analysis suggested that the higher expression of MAPK4 and CD34 were associated with poor prognosis of patients with NSCLC.Targeted silencing of MAPK4 in ECs using small interfering RNA driven by the CD34 promoter effectively inhibited tumor angiogenesis and growth of NSCLC in vivo.Conclusion:Our results reveal that MAPK4 plays an important role in the angiogenesis and development of NSCLC.MAPK4 may thus represent a new target for NSCLC.