深部脑刺激(deep brain stimulation,DBS)已成为治疗帕金森病等运动障碍疾病的常规方法之一,并且在许多其他神经和精神疾病的治疗中也具有良好的应用前景.但是,目前常规DBS采用单通道恒定脉冲间隔的高频刺激(high frequency stimulation...深部脑刺激(deep brain stimulation,DBS)已成为治疗帕金森病等运动障碍疾病的常规方法之一,并且在许多其他神经和精神疾病的治疗中也具有良好的应用前景.但是,目前常规DBS采用单通道恒定脉冲间隔的高频刺激(high frequency stimulation,HFS),刺激模式缺少多样化,限制了DBS在临床上的推广应用.为了开发更多DBS刺激模式,用于改善疗效、拓展应用范围、并节省刺激器的电能,近年来研究人员基于去同步调控机制,在脉冲序列的时间模式和空间排布两方面开发了DBS新模式.主要包括:变频序列(包括规则变频和随机变频)、不同空间位点上的多通道异步刺激以及变频和多通道两者的结合.这些新刺激模式能够提高DBS的临床疗效、降低刺激能耗,在帕金森病以及癫痫、强迫症和微意识障碍等其他脑疾病的治疗中都展现了良好的应用前景.更值得关注的是,多通道异步刺激不仅在刺激期间具有更好的即时疗效,而且刺激结束后还能长时间保持疗效,具有刺激后效应.这个特性突破了常规DBS主要为即时效应的局限性,展现了DBS新前景.本文在概述常规DBS模式及其去同步调控机制的基础上,综述变频脉冲刺激和多通道刺激等新型DBS模式,可以为促进DBS的发展提供有价值的信息.展开更多
A remote control system has been developed to deliver stimuli into the rat brain through a wireless micro-stimulator for animal behavior training. The system consists of the following main components： an integrated P...A remote control system has been developed to deliver stimuli into the rat brain through a wireless micro-stimulator for animal behavior training. The system consists of the following main components： an integrated PC control program, a transmitter and a receiver based on Bluetooth （BT） modules, a stimulator controlled by C8051 microprocessor, as well as an operant chamber and an eight-arm radial maze. The micro-stimulator is featured with its changeable amplitude of pulse output for both constant-voltage and constant-current mode, which provides an easy way to set the proper suitable stimulation intensity for different training. The system has been used in behavior experiments for monitoring and recording bar-pressing in the operant chamber, controlling rat roaming in the eight-arm maze, as well as navigating rats through a 3D obstacle route. The results indicated that the system worked stably and that the stimulation was effective for different types of rat behavior controls. In addition, the results showed that stimulation in the whisker barrel region of rat primary somatosensory cortex （SI） acted like a cue. The animals can be trained to take different desired turns upon the association between the SI cue stimulation and the reward stimulation in the medial forehrain bundle （MFB）.展开更多
文摘深部脑刺激(deep brain stimulation,DBS)已成为治疗帕金森病等运动障碍疾病的常规方法之一,并且在许多其他神经和精神疾病的治疗中也具有良好的应用前景.但是,目前常规DBS采用单通道恒定脉冲间隔的高频刺激(high frequency stimulation,HFS),刺激模式缺少多样化,限制了DBS在临床上的推广应用.为了开发更多DBS刺激模式,用于改善疗效、拓展应用范围、并节省刺激器的电能,近年来研究人员基于去同步调控机制,在脉冲序列的时间模式和空间排布两方面开发了DBS新模式.主要包括:变频序列(包括规则变频和随机变频)、不同空间位点上的多通道异步刺激以及变频和多通道两者的结合.这些新刺激模式能够提高DBS的临床疗效、降低刺激能耗,在帕金森病以及癫痫、强迫症和微意识障碍等其他脑疾病的治疗中都展现了良好的应用前景.更值得关注的是,多通道异步刺激不仅在刺激期间具有更好的即时疗效,而且刺激结束后还能长时间保持疗效,具有刺激后效应.这个特性突破了常规DBS主要为即时效应的局限性,展现了DBS新前景.本文在概述常规DBS模式及其去同步调控机制的基础上,综述变频脉冲刺激和多通道刺激等新型DBS模式,可以为促进DBS的发展提供有价值的信息.
基金Project supported by the Zhejiang University Grant for Multiple Discipline Associated Research, Zhejiang University, China
文摘A remote control system has been developed to deliver stimuli into the rat brain through a wireless micro-stimulator for animal behavior training. The system consists of the following main components： an integrated PC control program, a transmitter and a receiver based on Bluetooth （BT） modules, a stimulator controlled by C8051 microprocessor, as well as an operant chamber and an eight-arm radial maze. The micro-stimulator is featured with its changeable amplitude of pulse output for both constant-voltage and constant-current mode, which provides an easy way to set the proper suitable stimulation intensity for different training. The system has been used in behavior experiments for monitoring and recording bar-pressing in the operant chamber, controlling rat roaming in the eight-arm maze, as well as navigating rats through a 3D obstacle route. The results indicated that the system worked stably and that the stimulation was effective for different types of rat behavior controls. In addition, the results showed that stimulation in the whisker barrel region of rat primary somatosensory cortex （SI） acted like a cue. The animals can be trained to take different desired turns upon the association between the SI cue stimulation and the reward stimulation in the medial forehrain bundle （MFB）.
