DeBERTa-GRU: Sentiment Analysis for Large Language Model

Modern technological advancements have made social media an essential component of daily life.Social media allow individuals to share thoughts,emotions,and ideas.Sentiment analysis plays the function of evaluating whether the sentiment of the text is positive,negative,neutral,or any other personal emotion to understand the sentiment context of the text.Sentiment analysis is essential in business and society because it impacts strategic decision-making.Sentiment analysis involves challenges due to lexical variation,an unlabeled dataset,and text distance correlations.The execution time increases due to the sequential processing of the sequence models.However,the calculation times for the Transformer models are reduced because of the parallel processing.This study uses a hybrid deep learning strategy to combine the strengths of the Transformer and Sequence models while ignoring their limitations.In particular,the proposed model integrates the Decoding-enhanced with Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers(BERT)attention(DeBERTa)and the Gated Recurrent Unit(GRU)for sentiment analysis.Using the Decoding-enhanced BERT technique,the words are mapped into a compact,semantic word embedding space,and the Gated Recurrent Unit model can capture the distance contextual semantics correctly.The proposed hybrid model achieves F1-scores of 97%on the Twitter Large Language Model(LLM)dataset,which is much higher than the performance of new techniques.

Seed Priming with Potassium Nitrate Can Enhance Salt Stress Tolerance in Maize

Salinity is a major abiotic stress that hinders plant development and productivity and influences agricultural yield.Seed priming is a technique used to boost germination and seedling growth under abiotic stress.A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of seed priming with potassium nitrate(KNO_(3))at various levels(0%,0.50%,1.00%and 1.50%)under salt stress(0,75,100 mM NaCl)on two maize verities(MNH360 and 30T60)for the growth,development and metabolic attributes results revealed that in maize variety MNH360,KNO_(3)priming’s significantly enhanced growth parameters than in maize variety 30T60 under control and salt-stressed conditions.Priming with KNO_(3)enhanced carotenoids and total chlorophyll in the 30T60 variety that protected the maize plants from salt stress.Nevertheless,it was shown that priming with 1.00%KNO_(3)acts as safeguarded to protect them from oxidative damage by salt stress minimizing reactive oxygen species(ROS)formation through increased levels of malondialdehyde(MDA),catalase(CAT),peroxidase(POD),ascorbate peroxidase(APX),and total soluble protein.The findings of the present study confirm that the use of the KNO_(3)seed priming technique is a lowcost,environmentally friendly technique for mitigating adverse impacts of salt stress in maize crops by activating the antioxidant defense system and improving chlorophyll and osmolyte contents.

Growth and nitrogen productivity of drip-irrigated winter wheat under different nitrogen fertigation strategies in the North China Plain

Excessive application of nitrogen (N) fertilizer is the main cause of N loss and poor use efficiency in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) production in the North China Plain (NCP).Drip fertigation is considered to be an effective method for improving N use efficiency and reducing losses,while the performance of drip fertigation in winter wheat is limited by poor N scheduling.A two-year field experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth,development and yield of drip-fertigated winter wheat under different split urea (46%N,240 kg ha^(-1)) applications.The six treatments consisted of five fertigation N application scheduling programs and one slow-release fertilizer (SRF) application.The five N scheduling treatments were N0–100 (0%at sowing and 100%at jointing/booting),N25–75 (25%at sowing and 75%at jointing and booting),N50–50(50%at sowing and 50%at jointing/booting),N75–25 (75%at sowing and 25 at jointing/booting),and N100–0 (100%at sowing and 0%at jointing/booting).The SRF (43%N,240 kg ha^(-1)) was only used as fertilizer at sowing.Split N application significantly (P<0.05) affected wheat grain yield,yield components,aboveground biomass (ABM),water use efficiency(WUE) and nitrogen partial factor productivity (NPFP).The N50–50 and SRF treatments respectively had the highest yield(8.84 and 8.85 t ha^(-1)),ABM (20.67 and 20.83 t ha^(-1)),WUE (2.28 and 2.17 kg m^(-3)) and NPFP (36.82 and 36.88 kg kg^(-1)).This work provided substantial evidence that urea-N applied in equal splits between basal and topdressing doses compete economically with the highly expensive SRF for fertilization of winter wheat crops.Although the single-dose SRF could reduce labor costs involved with the traditional method of manual spreading,the drip fertigation system used in this study with the N50–50 treatment provides an option for farmers to maintain wheat production in the NCP.

Intelligent Transmission Control for Efficient Operations in SDN

Although the Software-Defined Network(SDN)is a well-controlled and efficient network but the complexity of open flow switches in SDN causes multiple issues.Many solutions have been proposed so far for the prevention of errors and mistakes in it but yet,there is still no smooth transmission of pockets from source to destination specifically when irregular movements follow the destination host in SDN,the errors include packet loss,data compromise etc.The accuracy of packets received at their desired destination is possible if networks for pockets and hosts are monitored instead of analysis of network snapshot statistically for the state,as these approaches with open flow switches,discover bugs after their occurrence.This article proposes a design to achieve the said objective by defining the Intelligent Transmission Control Layer(ITCL)layer.It monitors all the connections of end hosts at their specific locations and performs necessary settlements when the connection state changes for one or multiple hosts.The layer informs the controller regarding any state change at one period and controller collects information of end nodes reported via ITCL.Then,updates flow tables accordingly to accommodate a location-change scenario with a routechange policy.ICTL is organized on prototype-based implementation using the popular POX platform.In this paper,it has been discovered that ITCL produces efficient performance in the trafficking of packets and controlling different states of SDN for errors and packet loss.

Towards a Dynamic Virtual IoT Network Based on User Requirements

The data being generated by the Internet of Things needs to be stored,monitored,and analyzed for maximum IoT resource utilization.Software Defined Networking has been extensively utilized to address issues such as heterogeneity and scalability.However,for small-scale IoT application,sometimes it is considered an inefficient approach.This paper proposes an alternate lightweight mechanism to the design and implementation of a dynamic virtual network based on user requirements.The key idea is to provide users a virtual interface that enables them to reconfigure the communication flow between the sensors and actuators at runtime.The throughput of the communication flow depends on the data traffic load and optimal routing.Users can reconfigure the communication flow,and virtual agents find the optimal route to handle the traffic load.The virtual network provides a user-friendly interface to allow physical devices to be mapped with the corresponding virtual agents.The proposed network is applicable for all systems that lie in the Internet of Things domain.Results conclude that the proposed network is efficient,reliable,and responsive to network reconfiguration at runtime.

Design of Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System

This paper presents a grid connected photovoltaic system (PV) with a proposed high voltage conversion ratio DC-DC converter which steps up the variable low input voltages of photovoltaic module to the required DC link voltage. This voltage is applied to an H-bridge inverter which converts DC voltage into AC voltage and a low pass filter is used to filter the output. By adjusting the duty ratio of switches in DC-DC converter, the magnitude of inverter’s output voltage is controlled. The frequency and phase synchronization are ensured by a feedback signal taken from the grid. In this way, inverter is synchronized and connected with the grid to meet the energy demand. The PV system has been designed and simulated.