Lymph node dissection does not affect the survival of patients with tumor node metastasis stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND The effect of the number of lymph node dissections(LNDs)during radical resection for colorectal cancer(CRC)on overall survival(OS)remains controver-sial.AIM To investigate the association between the number of LNDs and OS in patients with tumor node metastasis(TNM)stage Ⅰ–Ⅱ CRC undergoing radical resection.METHODS Patients who underwent radical resection for CRC at a single-center hospital between January 2011 and December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Cox regression analyses were performed to identify the independent predictors of OS at different T stages.RESULTS A total of 2850 patients who underwent laparoscopic radical resection for CRC were enrolled.At stage T1,age[P<0.01,hazard ratio(HR)=1.075,95%confidence interval(CI):1.019-1.134]and tumour size(P=0.021,HR=3.635,95%CI:1.210-10.917)were independent risk factors for OS.At stage T2,age(P<0.01,HR=1.064,95%CI:1.032-1.098)and overall complications(P=0.012,HR=2.297,95%CI:1.200-4.397)were independent risk factors for OS.At stage T3,only age(P<0.01,HR=1.047,95%CI:1.027-1.066)was an independent risk factor for OS.At stage T4,age(P<0.01,HR=1.057,95%CI:1.039-1.075)and body mass index(P=0.034,HR=0.941,95%CI:0.890-0.995)were independent risk factors for OS.However,there was no association between LNDs and OS in stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ.CONCLUSION The number of LDNs did not affect the survival of patients with TNM stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ CRC.Therefore,insufficient LNDs should not be a cause for alarm during the surgery.

Nanocarbon-Enhanced 2D Photoelectrodes:A New Paradigm in Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting

Solar-driven photoelectrochemical(PEC)water splitting systems are highly promising for converting solar energy into clean and sustainable chemical energy.In such PEC systems,an integrated photoelectrode incorporates a light harvester for absorbing solar energy,an interlayer for transporting photogenerated charge carriers,and a co-catalyst for triggering redox reactions.Thus,understanding the correlations between the intrinsic structural properties and functions of the photoelectrodes is crucial.Here we critically examine various 2D layered photoanodes/photocathodes,including graphitic carbon nitrides,transition metal dichalcogenides,layered double hydroxides,layered bismuth oxyhalide nanosheets,and MXenes,combined with advanced nanocarbons(carbon dots,carbon nanotubes,graphene,and graphdiyne)as co-catalysts to assemble integrated photoelectrodes for oxygen evolution/hydrogen evolution reactions.The fundamental principles of PEC water splitting and physicochemical properties of photoelectrodes and the associated catalytic reactions are analyzed.Elaborate strategies for the assembly of 2D photoelectrodes with nanocarbons to enhance the PEC performances are introduced.The mechanisms of interplay of 2D photoelectrodes and nanocarbon co-catalysts are further discussed.The challenges and opportunities in the field are identified to guide future research for maximizing the conversion efficiency of PEC water splitting.

Emotional and Behavioral Problems of Left-Behind Children in Impoverished Rural China:A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study of First Grade Junior High School

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems and related factors of left-behind children in impoverished rural China(mainly in thefirst grade of junior high school).Methods:A cross-sectional survey of rural households in 27 poverty-stricken counties in 12 provinces across China was conducted using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(SDQ).Results:The prevalence of emotional and behavioral problems in left-behind children was 11.7%,and that of non-left-behind children was 8.9%.There was statistical difference between the two groups(P<0.01).There are no differences between the two groups in terms of the various factors of SDQ.The incidence of insomnia in the left-behind group was 58.3%,which was higher than that in the non-left-behind group 50.9%(P<0.01);loneliness(62.1%vs.51.8%,P<0.01);running away from home(23.1%vs.18.8%,P<0.01),and self-injury behavior(16.8%vs.12.2%,P<0.01).Left-behind children are more likely to have negative psychological feelings including insomnia,loneliness,self-injury,and run away from home.They also experienced more bullying including maliciously teased by peers,intentionally excluded or isolated,physically threatened or intimidated.All of these factors are associated with their abnormal emotional and behavioural development.Conclusion:The incidence of emotional and behavioral problems of left-behind children in rural areas in poverty-stricken areas is significantly higher than that of non-left-behind children;Logistic regression analysis showed that bullying behavior and abnormal psychological characteristics are significantly associated with left-behind adolescents abnormal emotional and behavioral development.

Accelerating net-zero carbon emissions by electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide

Electroreduction of CO_(2)shows great potential for global CO_(2)utilization and uptake when collaborated with renewable electricity.Recent advances have been achieved in fundamental understanding and electrocatalyst development for CO_(2)electroreduction.We think this research area has progressed to the stage where significant efforts can focus on translating the obtained knowledge to the development of largescale electrolyzers,which have the potential to accelerate the transition of the current energy system into a sustainable and zero-carbon emission energy structure.In this perspective paper,we first critically evaluate the advancement of vapor-feed devices that use CO_(2)as reactants,from the point of view of industry applications.Then,by carefully comparing their performance to the state-of-the-art water electrolyzers which are well-established technology providing realistic performance targets,we looped back and discussed the remaining challenges including electrode catalysts,reaction conditions,mass transporting,membrane,device durability,operation mode,and so on.Finally,we provide perspectives on the challenges and suggest opportunities for generating fundamental knowledge and achieving technological progress toward the development of practical CO_(2)electrolyzers for the goal of building lowcarbon or/and net carbon-free economies.

Effect of mass transfer and solution composition on the quantification of reaction kinetics by differential electrochemical mass spectrometry

Differential electrochemical mass spectrometry(DEMS)is one of the most powerful techniques for both the mechanistic and kinetic study of complicated electrocatalytic reactions.It can provide information on the nature and yields of the products generated,their production rate,and the structure-activity relationship between the electrocatalysts and the target reactions.The precise calibration of the mass signal is a prerequisite for the accurate evaluation of reaction kinetics.In this work,we use the oxidation reactions of CO and HCOOH to demonstrate how certain conditions,such as the flow rate and solution composition,affect the collection efficiency and ionization probability of the species to be detected.These parameters can affect the determination of the mass calibration constant and the accuracy of the subsequent quantitative DEMS analysis.We show the relationship between the mass calibration constant and the flow rate,and provide strategies for eliminating this and the related problems.

Electrochemical CO2 Reduction on Pd-Modified Cu Foil

Bimetallic catalysts can improve CO2 reduction efficiency via the combined properties of two metals.CuPd shows enhanced CO2 reduction activity compared to copper alone.Using differential electrochemical mass spectrometry(DEMS)and electrochemical infrared(IR)spectroscopy,volatile products and adsorbed intermediates were measured during CO2 and CO reduction on Cu and CuPd.The IR band corresponding to adsorbed CO appears 300 mV more positive on CuPd than that on Cu,indicating acceleration of CO2 reduction to CO.Electrochemical IR spectroscopy measurements in CO-saturated solutions reveal similar potentials for CO adsorption and CO3^2-desorption on CuPd and Cu,indicating that CO adsorption is controlled by desorption of CO3^2-.DEMS measurements carried out during CO reduction at both electrodes showed that the onset potential for reduction of CO to CH4 and CH3OH on CuPd is about 200 mV more positive than that on Cu.We attribute these improvements to interaction of Cu and Pd,which shifts the d-band center of the Cu sites.

Research on Heating Clay by Low Carbon Catalytic Combustion Furnace of Natural Gas

This article did a research about exhaust gas constituent inside the catalytic combustion furnace with Pd-based honeycomb monoliths of lean natural gas-air mixtures and discussed the feature of the exhaust gas. In addition, the near-zero pollutant emissions of catalytic combustion burner was proved by a test report provided by NIM. From a low-carbon prospective, the application prospect of catalytic combustion furnace was

某防空导弹尾焰对弹箱损伤分析及优化设计

针对导弹发射时导弹尾焰导致弹箱损伤的问题,根据弹箱的结构组成和导弹尾焰的作用工况,利用ANYSYS有限元计算软件,采用单向流固耦合方法进行研究与分析,得出了导弹尾焰的温度是导致弹箱损伤的根本原因,其中弹箱护盖不能承受导弹尾焰的冲击,是导弹发射流程试验中弹箱发生损伤问题的直接原因。提出了弹箱的优化设计方案,对弹箱护盖采取增加隔热板和结构强度加强的两方面措施。通过有限元软件模拟计算分析了提出的优化设计方案的有效性,并进行了试验方案的设计。通过试验验证优化后的弹箱护盖对解决导弹尾焰冲击造成弹箱损伤问题的可靠性。

Accelerating Oxygen Electrocatalysis Kinetics on Metal-Organic Frameworks via Bond Length Optimization

Metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have been developed as an ideal platform for exploration of the relationship between intrinsic structure and catalytic activity,but the limited catalytic activity and stability has hampered their practical use in water splitting.Herein,we develop a bond length adjustment strategy for optimizing naphthalene-based MOFs that synthesized by acid etching Co-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid-based MOFs(donated as AE-CoNDA)to serve as efficient catalyst for water splitting.AE-CoNDA exhibits a low overpotential of 260 mV to reach 10 mA cm^(−2)and a small Tafel slope of 62 mV dec^(−1)with excellent stability over 100 h.After integrated AE-CoNDA onto BiVO_(4),photocurrent density of 4.3 mA cm^(−2)is achieved at 1.23 V.Experimental investigations demonstrate that the stretched Co-O bond length was found to optimize the orbitals hybridization of Co 3d and O 2p,which accounts for the fast kinetics and high activity.Theoretical calculations reveal that the stretched Co-O bond length strengthens the adsorption of oxygen-contained intermediates at the Co active sites for highly efficient water splitting.

Oncological features and prognosis of colorectal cancer in human immunodeficiency virus-positive patients: A retrospective study

BACKGROUND Due to the prolonged life expectancy and increased risk of colorectal cancer(CRC)among patients with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)infection,the prognosis and pathological features of CRC in HIV-positive patients require examination.AIM To compare the differences in oncological features,surgical safety,and prognosis between patients with and without HIV infection who have CRC at the same tumor stage and site.METHODS In this retrospective study,we collected data from HIV-positive and-negative patients who underwent radical resection for CRC.Using random stratified sampling,24 HIV-positive and 363 HIV-negative patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma after radical resection were selected.Using propensity score matching,we selected 72 patients,matched 1:2(HIV-positive:negative=24:48).Differences in basic characteristics,HIV acquisition,perioperative serological indicators,surgical safety,oncological features,and long-term prognosis were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Fewer patients with HIV infection underwent chemotherapy compared to patients without.HIV-positive patients had fewer preoperative and postoperative leukocytes,fewer preoperative lymphocytes,lower carcinoembryonic antigen levels,more intraoperative blood loss,more metastatic lymph nodes,higher node stage,higher tumor node metastasis stage,shorter overall survival,and shorter progression-free survival compared to patients who were HIV-negative.CONCLUSION Compared with CRC patients who are HIV-negative,patients with HIV infection have more metastatic lymph nodes and worse long-term survival after surgery.Standard treatment options for HIV-positive patients with CRC should be explored.

公路路基回弹模量和弯沉检测研究

文章介绍了公路路基回弹模量和沉降检测的技术要点,包括检测仪器、检测准备与步骤等,随后利用提出的方法对不同类型公路路基的回弹弯沉值进行了检测,并进行了弯沉值的计算与系数修正。通过对修正方法的验证分析,证明了修正方案的有效性和可靠性。

考虑推进器失效的深海工程船舶动力定位数值模拟

基于PID控制器的动力定位数值模拟方法,开发控制参数自动整定程序,采用非线性最优化方法分配推力,考虑推进器转角限制以及推进器失效情况,实现对动力定位船舶的控制。针对某动力定位深海工程船舶,在风、浪、流组合海况下,开展平面运动响应及其定位能力的预报和对比研究工作,在时域和频域上分析典型海况下的运动结果。结果表明该方法在动力定位能力和运动响应预报方面有较好的工程应用价值。

大理岩剪切裂隙渗流特性

针对高水头抽水蓄能电站、高坝枢纽工程和深埋隧洞工程的建设和运行中,由于高水压造成的突涌水及岩体失稳问题,以大理岩为例,研究了大理岩剪切裂隙渗流规律.试验结果表明:径向渗流试验中,渗流过程符合达西定律,水头压力与流量呈线性关系;裂隙面中局部张拉破坏的特征对渗流起到了阻碍作用;法向力对裂隙渗流的影响显著,在法向应力从14 MPa升至19 MPa过程中,渗流通道随法向力的增加出现了闭合现象,裂隙中形成了大面积死水区,渗流特性表现出突变.

钼基化合物超级电容器电极材料研究进展

对高能量密度超级电容器需求的不断增长极大促进了赝电容电极材料的发展。纳米级钼基材料存在多种化合物形式,具有优异的电化学性能,是一类极具发展潜力的赝电容材料。综述了钼基氧化物、钼酸无机盐及钼基氮化物等在超级电容器中的研究现状,介绍了用于提升该类材料电导率、循环性能等方面的改性手段及其局限性。并展望了超级电容器用钼基电极材料商业化应用所面临的机遇与挑战,为该材料进一步开发和应用拓展思路。

较深水近距离导管架海管起始技术研究

研究的主要目的在于克服现有技术的缺点,提供一种深水海底管道起始的铺设方法。由于该方法能够在较深水域海底管道起始端与导管架进行近距离起始铺设,解决了现有的起始铺设方式无法满足海底管道起始端与导管架近距离起始铺设的技术难题,为在较深水域海底管道起始端与导管架进行近距离起始铺设打下了基础。

铺管船托管架结构实时监测系统的研究与应用

针对结构健康监测技术已成熟应用于桥梁、隧道、船舶和海洋平台等结构物的健康监测中,但面向铺管船托管架结构的健康监测技术的应用研究仍处于空白的现状,以某铺管船为例,研究开发一套适用于铺管船托管架结构的作业动态监测及预警系统,实现对托管架结构健康状况的实时、科学监测。为保证监测系统的安全性,对防护密封方案进行研究,并通过模型试验验证方案的可靠性。此外,通过海上测试采集监测数据,并对这些数据进行分析,确保托管架的安全性。

基于LQG算法和复合形法的深水铺管船动力定位数值模拟

基于线性二次高斯算法和复合形法开发一套动力定位数值模拟程序。针对某深水铺管船,用该程序与Simo软件进行模拟对比,结果吻合较好,验证了程序的准确性。利用该程序对深水铺管船进行铺管作业动力定位时域模拟,分析运动轨迹、推进器推力和转角、海管受力等响应特性,结果表明该程序可以合理预报动力定位铺管作业响应。

上埋式高填土涵洞模型地基应力分布数值模拟分析

针对涵侧填土高度对高填土涵洞地基土中应力影响的问题,提出了采用数值模拟来探讨地基土中典型部位的土压力分布.分析不同涵洞结构形式、基础类型和涵洞侧面填土高度对地基土中应力的影响,研究地基土中典型部位的土压力分布.结果表明:涵洞结构形式对地基土中应力分布影响甚微;在距涵洞基础底部第一层土的中心点处,整体式基础较分离式基础相比地基应力增大约17%;随着涵侧填土的增加,地基土中应力的提高率先增加后减少,在涵侧填土为0.3 m时,地基土中应力提高率达到最大值.

miR-139-5p靶向PAK5基因通过Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对胃癌细胞侵袭和迁移的影响

背景胃癌(Gastric cancer,GC)是人类消化系统最常见的癌症类型,发生局部或全身转移是导致患者预后差的主要原因.微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是胃癌发生发展的重要调控因子.然而,miR-139-5p对胃癌细胞侵袭和转移的影响及机制尚不清楚.目的探究miR-139-5p靶向p21活化的激酶5(PAK5)基因调控Wnt/β-catenin信号通路对胃癌细胞侵袭和迁移的影响.方法采用实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)和Western blot分别检测永生化胃黏膜细胞GES1和不同胃癌细胞SGC-7901、AGS和BGC-823中miR-139-5p和PAK5的表达情况;在胃癌SGC-7901细胞中转染miR-139-5p mimics,qRT-PCR检测转染效果;Transwell侵袭和划痕实验检测过表达miR-139-5p对SGC-7901细胞侵袭和迁移能力的影响;双荧光素酶报告基因实验和Western blot检测miR-139-5p对PAK5的靶向调控关系;Western blot检测过表达miR-139-5p对Wnt/β-catenin信号通路激活的影响.结果胃癌细胞中miR-139-5p的表达水平明显低于正常胃黏膜细胞(P<0.05),而PAK5 mRNA和蛋白表达水平均明显高于正常胃黏膜细胞(P<0.05);转染miR-139-5p mimics能够上调SGC-7901细胞中miR-139-5p的表达;过表达miR-139-5p可明显抑制SGC-7901细胞侵袭和迁移能力;双荧光素酶报告基因实验和Western blot检测结果显示,miR-139-5p可靶向负调控PAK5的表达;过表达miR-139-5p后,SGC-7901细胞中Wnt3a、β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)、细胞周期蛋白D1(CyclinD1)蛋白表达均明显下调.结论miR-139-5p靶向PAK5并通过阻断Wnt/β-catenin信号通路抑制胃癌细胞侵袭和迁移能力.

Characteristics of home oxygen therapy for preterm infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia in China:results of a multicenter cohort

Background Home oxygen therapy(HOT)is indicated upon discharge in some preterm infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia(BPD).There is a lack of evidence-based consensus on the indication for HOT among these infants.Because wide variation in the institutional use of HOT exists,little is known about the role of regional social-economic level in the wide variation of HOT.Methods This was a secondary analysis of Chinese Neonatal Network(CHNN)data from January 1,2019 to December 31,2019.Infants at gestational ages<32 weeks,with a birth weight<1500 g,and with moderate or severe BPD who survived to discharge from tertiary hospitals located in 25 provinces were included in this study.Infants with major congenital anomalies and those who were discharged against medical advice were excluded.Results Of 1768 preterm infants with BPD,474 infants(26.8%)were discharged to home with oxygen.The proportion of HOT use in participating member hospitals varied from 0 to 89%,with five of 52 hospitals’observing proportions of HOT use that were significantly greater than expected,with 14 hospitals with observing proportions significantly less than expected,and with 33 hospitals with appropriate proportions.We noted a negative correlation between different performance groups of HOT and median GDP per capita(P=0.04).Conclusions The use of HOT varied across China and was negatively correlated with the levels of provincial economic levels.A local HOT guideline is needed to address the wide variation in HOT use with respect to different regional economic levels in countries like China.