长期服用唑吡坦治疗失眠对认知功能损伤机制的研究进展

非苯二氮䓬类药物(唑吡坦)适用于失眠症的短期治疗,长期大剂量使用可导致严重的不良反应。主要的不良反应包括头晕、头疼、跌倒等,严重的可能出现认知功能下降、行为异常,还有药物的耐受性、依赖性、反跳现象和戒断症状等,导致停药困难。分别从唑吡坦的作用机制、不良反应、耐受性、特殊用药等方面进行综述,阐述唑吡坦对认知功能的损伤机制,旨在为探讨长期使用唑吡坦的慢性睡眠障碍患者如何避免认知功能下降提供借鉴。

合并高血压病的乙型肝炎肝硬化患者发生肝细胞癌的风险评估:一项基于倾向性匹配评分的回顾性队列研究

目的阐明慢性乙型肝炎肝硬化(CHB-Cir)患者合并高血压病(EH)时发生肝细胞癌(HCC)的风险及其协同因素,探讨高血压病对慢性乙型肝炎肝硬化患者的影响。方法以2017年1月~2024年1月在新乡医学院第三附属医院感染科随访的经抗病毒治疗的CHB-Cir患者为研究对象,形成CHB-Cir合并EH队列和CHB-Cir无EH队列,排除随访时间过短及主要数据缺失的病例,将两组队列中的患者进行倾向性匹配评分后构成EH组和无EH组,采用Kaplan-Meier法比较两组HCC累积发生率;以Cox比例风险回归模型分析CHB-Cir合并EH时发生HCC的风险及其协同因素。结果高血压病与肝细胞癌的发生显著相关(HR=1.69,P=0.002),在多因素分析中,男性(HR=1.73,P=0.005)、肝癌家族史(HR=2.23,P<0.001)、甲胎蛋白升高(HR=2.83,P=0.001)、谷胱甘肽还原酶升高(HR=1.53,P=0.046)、高密度脂蛋白降低(HR=1.46,P=0.027)、低密度脂蛋白升高(HR=2.29,P=0.003)与肝细胞癌的发生相关,甘油三酯升高(HR=0.37,P<0.001)为肝细胞癌发生的保护因素。在EH组中,非RASIs药物治疗(HR=2.77,P=0.021)、未治疗/利尿剂治疗(HR=7.18,P<0.001)与肝细胞癌的发生相关。结论高血压病及其特征增加了慢性乙型肝炎肝硬化患者发生肝细胞癌的风险。对这些患者应该强调高血压病控制的重要性。

Monitoring Xylem Transport in the Stem of Lilium lancifolium Using Fluorescent Dye 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein Diacetate

The xylem undergoes physiological changes in response to various environmental conditions during the process of plant growth.To understand these physiological changes,it is extremely important to observe the transport of xylem.In this study,the distribution and structure of vascular bundle in Lilium lancifolium were observed using the method of semithin section.Methods for introducing a fluorescent tracer into the xylem of the stems were evaluated.Then,the transport rule of 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate(CFDA)in the xylem of the stem of L.lancifolium was studied by fluorescence dye in live cells tracer technology.The results showed that the vascular bundles of L.lancifolium were scattered in the basic tissue,the peripheral vascular bundles were smaller and densely distributed,and the closer to the center,the larger the volume of vascular bundles and the more sparsely distributed.The vascular bundles of L.lancifolium are limited external tenacity vascular bundles,which are composed of phloem and xylem.The most suitable method for CFDA labeling the xylem of isolated stem segments of L.lancifolium was solution soaking for 24 h.The running speed of CF in the isolated stem was 0.3 cm/h,which was consistent with the running speed of the material in the field.CF could be transported between the xylem and parenchyma cells,indicating that the material transport in the xylem could be through the symplastic pathway.The above results laid a foundation for the study of the xylem transport mechanism and the xylem pathogen disease of lily.

Effects of Boscalid on the Antioxidant Enzyme System of Adult Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Abstract [Objective] This study was conducted to evaluate the ecotoxicity of boscalid to adult zebrafish （Danio rerio）. [Method] The activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase （SOD）, catalase （CAT）, peroxidase （POD）, glutathione peroxidase （GPx）, as well as a non-enzymatic antioxidant malondialdehyde （MDA）, in the liver were measured 3, 7, 14 and 21 d post exposure （dpe） to 0.02 （1/100 of acute toxicity）, 0.036 （monitored concentration）, 0.08 （1/20 of acute toxicity）, 0.16 （1/10 of acute toxicity） and 0.32 mg/L （1/5 of acute toxicity） boscalid using a semi-static method. [Result] SOD, CAT, POD, GPx and MDA activity in the liver of zebrafish varied with boscalid concentration and exposure time. Boscalid significantly enhanced MDA content at 21 dpe. A significant upregulation of the activity of SOD, CAT, POD and GPx at 7 dpe was observed, suggesting that boscalid resulted in oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. [Conclusion] These results show that these biomarkers are all appropriate for monitoring oxidative stress and the lipid peroxidation status of fish after exposure to boscalid. Key words Boscalid; Zebrafish; Antioxidant enzyme

Full neurological recovery from severe nonexertional heat stroke with multiple organ dysfunction:A case report

BACKGROUND We report a rare case of full neurological recovery from severe nonexertional heat stroke in a 67-year-old woman with an initial Glasgow Coma Scale of 3.This report raises awareness among doctors that when heatstroke is diagnosed,comprehensive treatment should be implemented as soon as possible.Moreover,targeted temperature management,combination therapy with hemodialysis and hemoperfusion,and hyperbaric oxygen therapy may alleviate multiorgan failure and prevent neurological sequelae caused by heatstroke.CASE SUMMARY A previously healthy 67-year-old woman with an initial Glasgow Coma Scale of 3 was found lying prone on the road at noon on a summer day.Laboratory tests revealed multiorgan failure.As soon as heatstroke was diagnosed,comprehensive treatment was implemented.On hospital Day 3,the patient was extubated.Her initial Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score at hospitalization was 14 and decreased to 2 on hospital Day 4.On the seventh day following hospital admission,as the patient’s general condition improved,the levels of laboratory test findings decreased rapidly.Finally,the patient gradually recovered with no other neurological symptoms(the Glasgow Coma Scale at discharge was 15,and her ability to walk independently was restored).CONCLUSION This case demonstrated that targeted temperature management,combination therapy with hemodialysis and hemoperfusion,and hyperbaric oxygen therapy may alleviate multiorgan failure and prevent neurological sequelae caused by heatstroke.

A palaeoearthquake event and its age revealed by the travertine layer along the Litang fault in the southeastern margin of the Qinghai-Tibetan plateau

The Litang fault(LTF),located in the southeast of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,is known for its high level of present-day seismicity,whereas its Pleistocene activity has been scarcely documented.This study focused on a tract of banded travertine deposits precipitated from thermal waters along the NW–SE-trending LTF trace.The role of travertine deposits in recording neotectonic activity has been studied by identifying their internal structure.Typical soft-sediment deformation structures observed within the banded travertines include micro folds,liquefied breccia,and liquefied diapirs.These deformed structures,which are restricted to a single unit separated unconformably by undeformed layers,can be traced for tens of meters,indicating that they were formed by seismic shaking triggered by LTF activity.The deformation of the banded travertine layers is attributed to the combined effects of seismic shaking,liquefaction,and fluidization,and it can be related to a paleo earthquake event with a magnitude of MS>5.The U-series ages obtained from the banded travertine deposits perturbed by the earthquakes are in the range of 130.59–112.94 ka,indicating an important fault-assisted neotectonic activity that occurred during the Middle–Late Pleistocene.Analysis of such structures,in combination with the use of U-series dating methods,can yield a reliable timing of neotectonic activity and provide new evidence for under-standing the seismotectonic setting of the Litang area.

马头营凸起馆二段窄薄河道砂体地震识别

南堡凹陷马头营凸起馆陶组二段(Ng_2)河道砂体单砂层厚度薄、宽度窄,河道砂体地震识别难度大。综合运用面元小网格化叠前偏移处理、古地貌恢复、高频等时地层划分与对比及岩心-测井相分析技术、"地震线描"河道砂体追踪、层控波阻抗反演和振幅地层切片等技术对马头营凸起Ng_2Ⅴ砂层组窄薄河道砂体进行识别。结果表明,地震资料面元尺度由15 m×30 m缩小为7.5 m×7.5 m,提高了地震资料垂向和横向分辨率,增强了曲流河窄薄河道砂体边界识别能力;馆二段为明显的曲流河"二元结构"沉积,岩性具河道沉积与泛滥平原沉积"砂泥间互"的特征;短期沉积旋回控制着不同沉积砂体的分布,上升半旋回中下部和下降半旋回上部河道砂体较发育;Ng_2Ⅴ砂层组地震相分析揭示河道状、不规则圆弧状振幅或波阻抗异常体为曲流河河道沉积和点坝砂复合体,预测河道总体上呈北东—南西和近南北向展布。预测结果与钻井实测结果吻合度高,表明窄薄河道砂体地震识别结果真实、可靠。

非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变的心血管危险因素和视功能分析

目的:探讨心血管危险因素对非动脉炎性前部缺血性视神经病变(NAION)的发生及视功能的影响。方法:选取2014-06/2018-06于我科就诊的单眼初发NAION患者(NAION组)和与其基本资料匹配的非NAION患者(对照组)各68例68眼,检测两组患者同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、血脂、叶酸、维生素B12水平,并进行颈动脉多普勒超声检查,NAION组患者同时进行视功能检查。结果:与对照组相比,NAION组患者Hcy(24.8±13.9μmol/L vs 11.1±8.2μmol/L)、血浆中总胆固醇(4.5±1.0mmol/L vs 3.8±0.7mmol/L)、甘油三酯(2.0±0.9mmol/L vs 1.5±0.5mmol/L)、低密度脂蛋白(2.9±0.8mmol/L vs 2.3±0.5mmol/L)水平均升高(P<0.05),维生素B12水平明显下降(315.6±214.5pg/mL vs 467.9±198.2pg/mL,P<0.05),但两组患者颈内动脉阻力指数和内径无差异。NAION组患者患眼视野缺损值为16.6±7.5dB,Hcy、维生素B12、叶酸及血脂水平以及是否存在全身疾病均不是NAION视野损害的危险因素,而图形视觉诱发电位P100波幅和潜伏期峰值均与视野缺损值相关。结论:高同型半胱氨酸、高血脂和低维生素B12水平是NAION发生的危险因素,但与NAION的视野损害程度无关;视觉诱发电位的波幅和潜伏期峰值可一定程度上反映视野损害的程度。

PBAMO-GAP-PBAMO三嵌段共聚物的制备及表征

以三氟化硼四氢呋喃络合物(BF_3·THF)为催化剂,用端羟基聚环氧氯丙烷(PECH)大分子引发3,3-双氯甲基氧杂环丁烷(BCMO)开环聚合得到三嵌段共聚醚,再经过叠氮化反应得到聚3,3-双叠氮甲基氧杂环丁烷-聚叠氮缩水甘油醚-聚3,3-双叠氮甲基氧杂环丁烷(PBAMO-GAP-PBAMO)三嵌段共聚物。采用红外光谱、核磁共振碳谱、凝胶渗透色谱和差示扫描量热分析等对产物的结构和性能进行了测试和表征。对聚合反应和叠氮化反应的条件进行了研究,结果表明,聚合反应时间为8 h、PECH与BCMO的质量比为1∶2,并以N,N-二甲基乙酰胺作叠氮化反应溶剂时,得到的聚合产物相对分子质量可达6242,叠氮取代率达98.2%;产物的玻璃化转变温度为-46.1℃,热分解温度为235. 1℃。

Clinical Value of Whole-body Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Weighted Imaging on Detection of Malignant Metastases

Objective To evaluate the value of whole-body diffusion weighted imaging （WB-DWI） on detection of malignant metastasis. Methods Forty-six patients with malignant tumors underwent WB-DWI examinations between April 2007 and August 2007 in our hospital. Before WB-DWI examination, the primary cancers of all the patients were confirmed by pathology, and the TNM-stage was assessed with conventional magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） or computed tomography （CT）. WB-DWI was performed using short TI inversion recovery echo-planar imaging （STIR-EPI） sequence. Abnormal high signal intensities on WB-DWI were considered as metastases. The results of WB-DWI were compared with other imaging modalities. For the assessment of the diagnostic capability of WB-DWI, WB-DWI were compared with CT for demonstrating mediastinal lymph node metastases and lung metastases, and with conventional MRI for demonstrating metastases in other locations. Results WB-DWI demonstrated 143 focuses, 14 routine imaging. The number of bone metastases depicted of which were diagnosed to be benign lesions in on WB-DWI and routine imaging was 85 and 86; lymph node metastases was 17 and 18; liver metastases was 14 and 14; lung metastases was 4 and 8; and brain metastases was 6 and 8, respectively. WB-DWI failed to detect 12 metastatic lesions including 3 osteoplastic bone metastases, 4 lung metastases, 3 mediastinal lymph node metastases, and 2 brain metastases Four metastatic lesions including 2 deltopectoral lymph nodes and 2 rib metastases were detected with WB-DWI alone, all of which evolved greatly during clinical follow-up for more than 6 months. WB-DWI had higher detection rates for metastatic lesions in liver, bone, and lymph nodes than those in lung and brain （ X^2=30, P〈0.001）. Conclusions WB-DWI could detect most of metastatic lesions that were diagnosed with conventional MRI and CT. The limitations of WB-DWI might be had high false-positive rate and low efficiency in detecting mecliastinal lymph node, brain, and lung metastases.

Volatile composition and classification of Lilium flower aroma types and identification,polymorphisms,and alternative splicing of their monoterpene synthase genes

Lily is a well-known ornamental plant with a diversity of fragrant types.Basic information on lily floral scent compounds has been obtained for only a few accessions,and little is known about Lilium aroma types,the terpene synthase genes that may play roles in the production of key volatiles,or the range of monoterpenes that these genes produce.In this study,41 cultivars were analyzed for volatile emissions,and a total of 46 individual volatile compounds were identified,16 for the first time in lilies.Lily accessions were classified into six groups according to the composition of major scent components:faint-scented,cool,fruity,musky,fruity-honey,and lily.Monoterpenes were one of the main groups of volatiles identified,and attention was focused on terpene synthase(TPS)genes,which encode enzymes that catalyze the last steps in monoterpene synthesis.Thirty-two candidate monoterpene synthase cDNAs were obtained from 66 lily cultivars,and 64 SNPs were identified.Two InDels were also shown to result from variable splicing,and sequence analysis suggested that different transcripts arose from the same gene.All identified nucleotide substitution sites were highly correlated with the amounts of myrcene emitted,and InDel site 230 was highly correlated with the emission of all major monoterpenoid components,especially(E)-β-ocimene.Heterologous expression of five cDNAs cloned from faint-scented and strong-scented lilies showed that their corresponding enzymes could convert geranyl diphosphate to(E)-β-ocimene,α-pinene,and limonene.The findings from this study provide a major resource for the assessment of lily scent volatiles and will be helpful in breeding of improved volatile components.

Immunization with autologous T cells enhances in vivo anti-tumor immune responses accompanied by up-regulation of GADD45β

Immunization with inactivated autoreactive T cells may induce idiotype anti-idiotypic reactions to deplete autoreactive T cells, which are involved in autoimmune diseases. However, it is unknown whether attenuated activated healthy autologous T-cell immunization could increase anti-tumor immune responses. To this end, C57B1/6 mice were immunized with attenuated activated autologous T cells. The splenocytes from immunized mice showed a higher proliferative ability than that from naive mice. The special phenotype analysis showed that there were more CD8+ T cells and CD62L+ T cells in immunized mice after 24 h of culture with 10% fetal calf serum complete medium in vitro (P〈0.01). These results demonstrated that this immunization may activate T cells in vivo. Furthermore, the splenocytes from immunized mice revealed resistance to activation-induced cell death (AICD) in vitro. To further study the relative genes that are responsible for the higher proliferation and resistance to AICD, the expression of Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) and GADD4513 was measured by real-time PCR. The results indicated that GADD45β transcription was higher in the splenocytes from immunized mice than that in the naive mice. In addition, the Fas expression showed a parallel higher, but FasL did not change obviously. To investigate the biologic functions induced by immunization in vivo, a tumor model was established by EL-4 tumor cell inoculation in C57/B1 mice. Mice receiving autologous T-cell immunization had significantly inhibited tumor growth in vivo (P〈0.01). This study implicated that immunization with attenuated activated autologous T cells enhances anti-tumor immune responses that participate in tumor growth inhibition.

An Adaptive Vision Navigation Algorithm in Agricultural IoT System for Smart Agricultural Robots

As the agricultural internet of things(IoT)technology has evolved,smart agricultural robots needs to have both flexibility and adaptability when moving in complex field environments.In this paper,we propose the concept of a vision-based navigation system for the agricultural IoT and a binocular vision navigation algorithm for smart agricultural robots,which can fuse the edge contour and the height information of rows of crop in images to extract the navigation parameters.First,the speeded-up robust feature(SURF)extracting and matching algorithm is used to obtain featuring point pairs from the green crop row images observed by the binocular parallel vision system.Then the confidence density image is constructed by integrating the enhanced elevation image and the corresponding binarized crop row image,where the edge contour and the height information of crop row are fused to extract the navigation parameters(θ,d)based on the model of a smart agricultural robot.Finally,the five navigation network instruction sets are designed based on the navigation angleθand the lateral distance d,which represent the basic movements for a certain type of smart agricultural robot working in a field.Simulated experimental results in the laboratory show that the algorithm proposed in this study is effective with small turning errors and low standard deviations,and can provide a valuable reference for the further practical application of binocular vision navigation systems in smart agricultural robots in the agricultural IoT system.

Downregulation of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells may underlie enhanced Th1 immunity caused by immunization with activated autologous T cells

Regulatory T cells （Treg） play important roles in immune system homeostasis, and may also be involved in tumor immunotolerance by suppressing Th1 immune response which is involved in anti-tumor immunity. We have previously reported that immunization with attenuated activated autologous T cells leads to enhanced anti-tumor immunity and upregulated Thl responses in vivo. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not well understood. Here we show that Treg function was significantly downregulated in mice that received immunization of attenuated activated autologous T cells. We found that Foxp3 expression decreased in CD4＋CD25＋ T cells from the immunized mice. Moreover, CD4＋CD25＋Foxp3＋ Treg obtained from immunized mice exhibited diminished immunosuppression ability compared to those from naive mice. Further analysis showed that the serum of immunized mice contains a high level ofanti-CD25 antibody （about 30 ng/ml, p〈0.01 vs controls）. Consistent with a role ofanti-CD25 response in the downregulation of Treg, adoptive transfer of serum from immunized mice to naive mice led to a significant decrease in Treg population and function in recipient mice. The triggering of anti-CD25 response in immunized mice can be explained by the fact that CD25 was induced to a high level in the ConA activated autologous T cells used for immunization. Our results demonstrate for the first time that immunization with attenuated activated autologous T cells evokes anti-CD25 antibody production, which leads to impeded CD4＋CD25＋Foxp3＋ Treg expansion and function in vivo. We suggest that dampened Treg function likely contributes to enhanced Thl response in immunized mice and is at least part of the mechanism underlying the boosted anti-tumor immunity.

Therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells for experimental cerebral ischemia in mice

Bone marrow mononuclear cells （BMMCs） can be directly harvested from the donor, allowing for easier application compared with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. The present study hypothesized that BMMC transplantation could ameliorate cerebral ischemia in a mouse model. BMMCs were double-labeled with PKH26 and 4＇, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole （DAPI）, followed by infusion into mice via the tail vein to induce focal cerebral ischemia. At 14 days after transplantation, morphological and neurofunctional recovery were analyzed. PKH26 and DAPI double-positive BMMCs were detected in the cerebral hemisphere of all transplantation mice. Following BMMC administration, there was significant difference in neurofunctional recovery, but no significant difference in survival rates between BMMC-treated mice and other mice. These results demonstrate that transplanted BMMCs migrate to brain tissue and promote neurological function recovery in a mouse model of cerebral ischemia.

基于可拓距K-均值聚类和正弦微分进化算法的风储联合系统优化配置

以最大化风储联合投资商的收益和风电就地消纳率为目标,考虑源网荷协同优化和需求响应构建了风储联合系统的多目标优化配置模型;采用可拓距K-均值聚类算法对分布式风电出力和负荷需求的不确定性进行多场景分析,以实现更为准确而均衡的场景缩减;通过引入多核并行运行环境与正弦函数的思想,提出基于并行多目标正弦微分进化算法对优化配置模型进行高效求解;以IEEE 33节点配电系统为算例进行风储联合系统的优化配置,仿真结果验证了所建模型的有效性和优越性。

Kongsheng Zhenzhong pill's effect on the learning and memory ability and its neuroprotective effects in vascular dementia rats

Clinical reports have demonstrated that the Kongsheng Zhenzhong pill （KSZZP）, a classical prescription deriving from Valuable Prescription for Emergencies, has good therapeutic effects on vascular dementia. However, the mechanisms that mediate its effects remain unclear. In this study, the expression of N-methyI-D-aspartate receptor 1 mRNA, the content of nitric oxide, and the concentration of calcium in neurons was determined with in situ hybridization, spectrophotometry and flow cytometry, respectively. In addition, the expressions of N-methyI-D-aspartate receptor 1, nerve growth factor protein, and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor protein were detected with immunohistochemistry. We found that KSZZP could significantly decrease the expression of N-methyI-D-aspartate receptor 1 mRNA and protein, the content of nitric oxide, and the concentration of calcium in neurons. KSZZP also increased the expression of nerve growth factor and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor protein in the hippocampus CA1 region and in the cerebral cortex. Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests verified that KSZZP ameliorated the cognitive impairments of vascular dementia rats. Moreover, the KSZZP-induced improvements in the cognitive functions of vascular dementia rats were correlated with both inhibition of N-methyl-D-aspartate-induced excitable neurotoxicity and elevation of neurotrophic factor expression.

Bilateral Frosted Branch Angiitis in a Patient with Tuberculous Meningoencephalitis

Purpose:.To present a case of frosted branch angiitis with tuberculous meningoencephalitis who was followed up for 18 months after treatment.Methods: Case report.Results:.A 19-year-old female with tuberculous meningoencephalitis complained of bilateral blurred vision, and presented with frosted branch angiitis and macula edema in both eyes. Treatment with systemic glucocorticoid and standard anti-tuberculosis medicine totally resolved the retinal periphlebitis and macular edema, with vision improvement achieved at the 18-month follow-up.Conclusion: Frosted branch angiitis could be secondary to tuberculous meningoencephalitis. Based on standard anti-tuberculosis medicine, systemic glucocorticoid may help in the remission of frosted branch angiitis.

学研并举、精技优教:数字化卓越中学历史师资培养模式探析

因应数字化时代师范生教学能力发展的需求,我院在现有历史学科师范生人才培养模式基础上,提出了“厚基础、强技术、优技能”的师资培养理念,将历史专业学习与信息技术应用深度融合,形成专业与技术、理论与实践的良性互动,全面系统提升师范生的数字化历史专业教学能力,并在实践中深化理解与应用,试图创建具有创新性的“学研并举、精技优教”的数字化优质中学历史师资培养模式。

Thyrotoxicosis after a massive levothyroxine ingestion: A case report

BACKGROUND The literature on thyrotoxicosis caused by excessive ingestion of exogenous thyroid hormone is limited,and most cases reported have involved pediatric clinical studies.CASE SUMMARY A 21-year-old woman initially presented with palpitation and chest tightness after an overdose of levothyroxine(10 mg).The patient transiently lost consciousness and developed atrial fibrillation during hospitalization.We used propylthiouracil to decrease the peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 and inhibit the synthesis of endogenous thyroxine,propranolol to control heart rate,hydrocortisone to correct severe thyrotoxicosis,and hemoperfusion to increase levothyroxine clearance.The patient recovered and was discharged.CONCLUSION For patients with thyrotoxicosis after taking excess levothyroxine,it is critical to monitor vital signs and initiate effective treatment.