Structural features in the mid-southern section of the Kyushu–Palau Ridge based on satellite altimetry gravity anomaly

The Kyushu–Palau Ridge(KPR),an anti-S-shaped submarine highland at the center of the Philippine Sea Plate(PSP),is considered the residual arc of the Izu–Bonin–Mariana Island Arc,which retains key information about the cessation of the Western Philippine Basin(WPB)expansion and the Parece Vela Basin(PVB)breakup.Herein,using the new generation of satellite altimetry gravity data,high-precision seafloor topography data,and newly acquired ship-borne gravity data,the topographic and gravity characteristics of the KPR mid-southern section and adjacent region are depicted.The distribution characteristics of the faults were delineated using the normalized vertical derivative–total horizontal derivative method(NVDR-THDR)and the minimum curvature potential field separation method.The Moho depth and crustal thickness were inverted using the rapid inversion method for a double-interface model with depth constraints.Based on these results,the crust structure features in the KPR mid-southern section,and the“triangular”structure geological significance where the KPR and Central Basin Rift(CBR)of the WPB intersect are interpreted.The KPR crustal thickness is approximately 6–16 km,with a distinct discontinuity that is slightly thicker than the normal oceanic crust.The KPR mid-southern section crust structure was divided into four segments(S1–S4)from north to south,formed by the CBR eastward extension joint action and clockwise rotation of the PVB expansion axis and the Mindanao fault zone blocking effect.

生物天敌暴发导致珊瑚礁退化的高分遥感监测与分析——以南海太平岛为例

珊瑚生物天敌黑皮海绵、长棘海星在世界范围内暴发严重威胁珊瑚礁生态健康,然而目前珊瑚礁领域尚缺乏生物天敌暴发后对珊瑚礁地貌类型影响的定量研究。文章利用太平岛珊瑚生物天敌黑皮海绵、长棘海星2次暴发事件前后,覆盖太平岛2016—2022年的26期Sentinel-2遥感影像,结合高分辨率GF-2(PMS)遥感影像和卫星遥感影像地理信息系统Google Earth平台中的数据,开展中国南海太平岛珊瑚礁地貌类型遥感影像分类实验,对密集珊瑚沉积区、稀疏珊瑚沉积区、珊瑚丛生区、沙坪、浅礁前斜坡等珊瑚礁地貌类型演变进行特征分析。结果表明:1)结合专家解译知识和支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)分类算法开展的太平岛珊瑚礁地貌类型分类,最高总体精度和Kappa系数分别为96.46%和0.94。2)在2种珊瑚生物天敌暴发期间,太平岛的珊瑚礁丛生区、密集珊瑚沉积区、稀疏珊瑚沉积区等珊瑚礁地貌类型面积有显著下降;黑皮海绵暴发后对密集珊瑚沉积区影响最大,其面积减少72.92%;长棘海星暴发后对珊瑚丛生区影响最大,其面积减少59.17%。3)2016—2022年,太平岛珊瑚礁退化率高于恢复率,其中2017年3—6月珊瑚礁退化率最高,为23.88%;在2017年6—9月珊瑚礁恢复率最高,为18.03%。

Influence of the Moho surface distribution on the oil and gas basins in China seas and adjacent areas

Owing to the strategic significance of national oil and gas resources,their exploration and production must be prioritized in China.Oil and gas resources are closely related to deep crustal structures,and Moho characteristics influence oil and gas distribution.Therefore,it is important to study the relationship between the variation of the Moho surface depth undulation and hydrocarbon basins for the future prediction of their locations.The Moho depth in the study area can be inverted using the Moho depth control information,the Moho gravity anomaly,and the variable density distribution calculated by the infinite plate.Based on these results,the influences of Moho characteristics on petroleum basins were studied.We found that the Moho surface depth undulation deviation and crustal thickness undulation deviation in the hydrocarbon-rich basins are large,and the horizontal gradient deviation of the Moho surface shows a positive linear relationship with oil and gas resources in the basin.The oil-bearing mechanism of the Moho basin is further discussed herein.The Moho uplift area and the slope zone correspond to the distribution of oil and gas fields.The tensile stress produced by the Moho uplift can form tensile fractures or cause tensile fractures on the surface,further developing into a fault or depression basin that receives deposits.The organic matter can become oil and natural gas under suitable chemical and structural conditions.Under the action of groundwater or other dynamic forces,oil and natural gas are gradually transported to the uplift or the buried hill in the depression zone,and oil and gas fields are formed under the condition of good caprock.The research results can provide new insights into the relationship between deep structures and oil and gas basins as well as assist in the strategic planning of oil and gas exploration activities.

Tuning the charge distribution and crystal field of iron single atoms via iron oxide integration for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction in zinc-air batteries

Metal-air batteries face a great challenge in developing efficient and durable low-cost oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)electrocatalysts.Single-atom iron catalysts embedded into nitrogen doped carbon(Fe-N-C)have emerged as attractive materials for potential replacement of Pt in ORR,but their catalytic performance was limited by the symmetrical electronic structure distribution around the single-atom Fe site.Here,we report our findings in significantly enhancing the ORR performance of Fe-N-C by moderate Fe_(2)O_(3) integration via the strong electronic interaction.Remarkably,the optimized catalyst(M-Fe_(2)O_(3)/Fe_(SA)@NC)exhibits excellent activity,durability and good tolerance to methanol,outperforming the benchmark Pt/C catalyst.When M-Fe_(2)O_(3)/Fe_(SA)@NC catalyst was used in a practical zinc-air battery assembly,peak power density of 155 mW cm^(-2)and specific capacity of 762 mA h g_(Zn)^(-1)were achieved and the battery assembly has shown superior cycling stability over a period of 200 h.More importantly,theoretical studies suggest that the introduction of Fe_(2)O_(3) can evoke the crystal field alteration and electron redistribution on single Fe atoms,which can break the symmetric charge distribution of Fe-N_(4) and thereby optimize the corresponding adsorption energy of intermediates to promote the O_(2)reduction.This study provides a new pathway to promote the catalytic performance of single-atom catalysts.

The Systemic Immune Inflammatory Index Predicts No-Reflow Phenomenon after Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Older Patients with STEMI

Purpose:Coronary no-reflow phenomenon(NRP),a common adverse complication in patients with ST-segment eleva-tion myocardial infarction(STEMI)treated by percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI),is associated with poor patient prognosis.In this study,the correlation between the systemic immune-inflammation index(SII)and NRP in older patients with STEMI was studied,to provide a basis for early identification of high-risk patients and improve their prognosis.Materials and methods:Between January 2017 and June 2020,578 older patients with acute STEMI admitted to the Department of Cardiology of Hebei General Hospital for direct PCI treatment were selected for this retrospective study.Patients were divided into an NRP group and normal-flow group according to whether NRP occurred during the operation.Clinical data and the examination indexes of the two groups were collected.Logistic regression was used to analyze the independent predictors of NRP,and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to further analyze the ability of SII to predict NRP in older patients with STEMI.Results:Multivariate logistic analysis indicated that hypertension(OR=2.048,95%CI:1.252–3.352,P=0.004),lymphocyte count(OR=0.571,95%CI:0.368–0.885,P=0.012),platelet count(OR=1.009,95%CI:1.005–1.013,P<0.001),hemoglobin(OR=1.015,95%CI:1.003–1.028,P=0.018),multivessel disease(OR=2.237,95%CI:1.407–3.558,P=0.001),and SII≥1814(OR=3.799,95%CI:2.190–6.593,P<0.001)were independent predictors of NRP after primary PCI in older patients with STEMI.Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that SII had a high predictive value for NRP(AUC=0.738;95%CI:0.686–0.790),with the best cut-off value of 1814,a sensitivity of 52.85%and a specificity of 85.71%.Conclusion:For older patients with STEMI undergoing primary PCI,SII is a valid predictor of NRP.

Geochronology and geochemistry of mafic dykes in the Helanshan complex: Implications for Mesozoic tectonics in the North China Craton

The Helanshan tectonic belt(HTB) is a major tectonic divide between the Alxa and Ordos blocks in the North China Craton. The geochronology and petrogenesis of the mafic dykes in the northern HTB are keys to understanding the tectonic evolution of this belt. The mafic dykes, intruded into the Neoarchean-Paleoproterozoic metamorphic basement, are mainly composed of diabase with a mineral assemblage of plagioclase(45%-60%), pyroxene(25%-35%), minor quartz and Fe-Ti oxides. The LA-ICPMS U-Pb analysis of zircon grains from representative dykes yield a weighted mean age of 206 ± 1.9 Ma, which represents the crystallization age of the dyke. The diabases show high contents of Fe_2 O_3~T(11.88-17.55 wt.%), low contents of SiO_2(45.65-50.95 wt.%) and MgO(3.31-5.50 wt.%) with low Mg#(=100×MgO/(MgO + FeO) atomic ration) of 33-44. They are characterized by enrichment of light rare earth elements(LREEs) and large ion lithophile elements(LILEs)(e.g., Rb, Ba and Pb), and slight depletion of high field strength elements(HFSEs). These features suggest that the magma has undergone extensive fractionation of olivine and pyroxene but only minor crustal contamination during its evolution. Their high Sm contents and La/Sm ratios, and low Sm/Yb ratios indicate that magma from which the dykes formed was derived from low degree(about 5%) partial melting of an enriched garnet + spinel lherzolite mantle source. Together with regional geology, these geochemical and geochronological data suggest that the mafic dykes in the HTB were formed in an intracontinental extensional setting during the late Triassic.

Petrogenesis and tectonic implications of Early Cretaceous andesitic-dacitic rocks,western Qinling(Central China):Geochronological and geochemical constraints

40Ar/39Ar and zircon U-Pb geochronological and whole-rock geochemical analyses for the Laozanggou intermediate-acidic volcanic rocks from the western Qinling orogenic belt,Central China,constrain their petrogenesis and the nature of the Late Mesozoic lithospheric mantle.These volcanic rocks yield hornblende or whole-rock 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages of 128.3-129.7 Ma and zircon U-Pb age of131.3±1.3 Ma.They exhibit SiO2 of 56.86-66.86 wt.%,K2 O of 0.99-2.46 wt.%and MgO of 1.03-4.47 wt.%,with Mg#of 42-56.They are characterized by arc-like geochemical signatures with significant enrichment in LILE and LREE and depletion in HFSE.All the samples have enriched Sr-Nd isotopic compositions with initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios ranging from 0.7112 to 0.7149 andεNd(t)values from 10.2 to 6.3.Such geochemical signatures suggest that these volcanic rocks were derived from enriched lithospherederived magma followed by the assimilation and fractional crystallization(AFC)process.The generation of the enriched lithospheric mantle is likely related to the modification of sediment-derived fluid in response to the Triassic subduction/collision event in Qinling orogenic belt.The early Cretaceous detachment of the lithospheric root provides a reasonable mechanism for understanding the petrogenesis of the Laozanggou volcanic sequence in the western Qinling orogenic belt.

Ni3S2 nanorods growing directly on Ni foam for all-solid-state asymmetric supercapacitor and efficient overall water splitting

Transition metal compounds are attractive for their significant applications in supercapacitors and as non-noble metal catalysts for electrochemical water splitting.Herein,we develop Ni3 S2 nanorods growing directly on Ni foam,which act as multifunctional additive-free Ni3 S2@Ni electrode for supercapacitor and overall water splitting.Based on PVA-KOH gel electrolyte,the assembled all-solid-state Ni3 S2@Ni//AC asymmetric supercapacitor delivers a high areal energy density of 0.52 mWh cm^-2 at an areal power density of 9.02 MW cm^-2,and exhibits an excellent cycling stability with a capacitance retention ratio of 89%after 10000 GCD cycles at a current density of 30 mA cm^-2.For hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen evolution reaction in 1 M KOH,Ni3 S2@Ni electrode achieves a benchmark of 10 mA cm^-2at overpotentials of 82 mV and 310 mV,respectively.Furthermore,the assembled Ni3 S2@Ni‖Ni3 S2@Ni electrolyzer for overall water splitting attains a current density of 10 mA cm^-2 at 1.61 V.The in-situ synthesis of Ni3 S2@Ni electrode enriches the applications of additive-free transition metal compounds in high-performance energy storage devices and efficient electrocatalysis.

Prevalence and correlates of lifestyle behavior,anxiety and depression in Chinese college freshman:A cross-sectional survey

Objectives:First-year college students had exposure to unhealthy lifestyle behaviors that correlate with a high prevalence of anxiety and depression.Regarding to the modifiable lifestyle behaviors factors,this study investigated the prevalence and correlation of multiple lifestyle behaviors,anxiety and depression in a sample of Chinese first-year college students.Methods:Cross-sectional data were extracted from Residents eHealth app of health lifestyle behaviors survey from September to October 2019.Anxiety,depression,eating regular meals,consumption of snacks in-between meals,consumption of fruit,dessert and sugar-sweetened beverages,smoking and secondhand smoke exposure,consuming alcohol,physical activity,sedentary time were assessed by self-report.Socio-demographic including age,gender,education,family income,religion,and health condition were captured.Logistic regression was used to explore the association of multiple lifestyle behaviors,anxiety and depression.Results:Totally 1,017 participants were included in the study.The prevalence of anxiety and depression(from mild to severe) were 40.3% and 45.3%,respectively.In multivariable analyses,religion (believe in Buddhism,OR =2.438,95%CI:1.097-5.421;believe in Christian,OR =5.886,95%CI:1.604-21.597),gender (Female,OR =1.405,95%CI:1.001-1.971),secondhand smoke exposure (OR =1.089,95%CI:1.001-1.184),and eating regular meals (OR =0.513,95%C1:0.346-0.759) were associated with anxiety.Family income (OR =0.732,95%CI:0.596-0.898),eating regular meals (OR =0.641,95%CI:0.415-0.990),frequency of breakfast (OR =0.813,95%CI:0.690-0.959),with a chronic disease (OR =1.902,95%CI:1.335-2.712),and consumption of nocturnal snack (OR =1.337,95%CI:1.108-1.612) were associated with depression.Conclusions:These results highlighted the need for early lifestyle behavior intervention,especially modifying diet patterns considering the background of religion,health condition,and social-economic status in first-year college students to improve their mental health.

Ionic Liquid-Based Ultrasound-Assisted Emulsification Microextraction Coupled with HPLC for Simultaneous Determination of Glucocorticoids and Sex Hormones in Cosmetics

An effective and environmentally friendly method based on ionic liquid-based ultrasound-assisted emulsification microextraction(IL-USAEME) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been developed for the determination of nine hormones including three glucocorticoids, one androgen and five progestogens in cosmetics. Several factors that affect the extraction efficiency, such as the kinds and volume of ionic liquid, salt concentration, ultrasonic power and time, and centrifugation time were investigated and optimized. Under the optimum extraction condition, the recoveries of analytes ranged from 85.97% to 108.84% except prednisolone (62.30%). The intraday and interday precision was below 2.51% and 3.30%, respectively.

用于预测癌症患者临床治疗方案的小鼠mini人源肿瘤异种移植模型的建立

背景与目的患者来源的类器官(patient-derived organoids,PDOs)和异种移植物(patientderivedxenografts,PDXs)具有较强的预测抗癌药物药效的能力,是功能检测的重要模型。然而,移植失败、构建PDX模型和随后检测药效的耗时过长、体外器官培养无法进行系统性给药等限制因素严重阻碍了其在临床上的应用,无法快速地筛选正确、可行的治疗方案。本研究旨在开发一种名为'miniPDX'的改良的PDX模型,用于快速检测药效,提高其在个体化癌症治疗中的应用价值。方法我们开发了一种快速检测体内药物敏感性的方法——OncoVee?MiniPDX,用于筛选癌症临床治疗方案。本模型将患者来源的肿瘤细胞注入中空纤维胶囊内,皮下植入小鼠体内培养7 d。系统评价了细胞的活性形态和药代动力学。以PDX为对照评估miniPDX的性能(敏感性、特异性、阳性和阴性预测值)。分别采用PDX和miniPDX模型以肿瘤生长抑制率和肿瘤细胞生长抑制率为指标检测药物反应。评价miniPDX模型对临床疗效的预测能力。结果MiniPDX胶囊内肿瘤细胞的形态学和组织病理学特征与PDX模型和原发肿瘤细胞的形态学和组织病理学特征均保持一致。26例(包括14例胃癌、10例肺癌和2例胰腺癌)来自患者的PDX肿瘤移植试验的药物反应与相应的miniPDX试验的药物反应结果具有良好的相关性。MiniPDX阳性预测值为92%,阴性预测值为81%,敏感性为80%,特异性为93%。通过扩大临床肿瘤样本,miniPDX检测显示出广泛的临床应用潜力。结论我们建立了基于胶囊植入技术的miniPDX快速体内检测方法,用于评估PDX肿瘤移植物和临床肿瘤标本的药物反应。PDX模型和其对应的miniPDX药效结果具有良好的相关性,结合转化研究数据最终表明miniPDX模型是一种先进的个体化癌症治疗工具。

Mini患者来源异种移植和WES/RNA测序指导一例转移性十二指肠腺癌患者的个体化治疗

背景与目的各种癌症的治疗指南已越来越多地应用于临床实践,并已极大地改善了患者预后。然而,医生推荐的治疗方案(甚至一线治疗)并非对每位患者都是最佳的。在本研究中,我们应用mini患者来源的异种移植(mini patient-derived xenograft,mini-PDX)和二代测序技术指导了一例转移性十二指肠腺癌患者的个体化治疗。方法将切除的异位转移瘤组织植入SCID小鼠体内,来确定对各种药物的敏感性。采用DNA全外显子测序(DNA whole-exome sequencing,DNA-WES)和RNA测序分析突变谱。所得分析结果用于选择对转移性十二指肠腺癌的最佳治疗方案。结果使用mini-PDX模型进行评估只用了7 d。结果表明,对S-1+顺铂、吉西他滨+顺铂、依维莫司单药具有高敏感性。患者最初接受吉西他滨联合顺铂治疗,但由于毒性而终止治疗。随后,该患者单独使用S-1进行治疗。总无病生存期为34个月。DNA-WES和RNA测序鉴定了转移性十二指肠腺癌中KRAS突变(A146T)、TP53(C229Yfs*10)和RICTOR扩增。这些发现进一步为mini-PDX的结果提供了支持,并建议当该患者最终复发时应使用m TOR抑制剂治疗。结论联合WES/RNA测序的mini-PDX模型可以快速检测癌症患者的药物敏感性,揭示关键的基因变异。有必要进一步研究该技术用以对难治性恶性肿瘤患者进行个体化治疗。

小型船舶上的液化石油气用具—火灾事故调查

在美国西北太平洋地区的一次野外垂钓活动中,一名游客在向导的渔船中由于爆燃而严重受伤。事故的调查表明,燃油供应商销售并在渔船中安装了非标准的液化石油气加热系统,该系使用的元件未达到液化石油气的使用标准。如果使用了正确的加热系统,同时向导能够根据安全预防常识及时观察到易燃燃料的状况,那么这起事故是完全可以避免的。本文阐述了对此事故的调查,并希望提醒船只使用者和海洋专业人员能明白使用非标准燃油输运元件的内在危险性。

深时重大生物和气候事件与全球变化:进展与挑战

地球自5.4亿年前现代生态系统形成至今,发生了多次与碳循环扰动有关的重大气候事件.这些事件的触发机制、发展过程、环境变化及其伴随的生物响应型式为科学评估当今全球变化背景下生物多样性现状提供重要借鉴.然而,古-今生态系统变化时间尺度大不相同,高分辨率关键环境因子(温度、CO_(2)、降雨量、海洋氧化还原条件等)在深时记录中亦难以获取,深时海陆生物多样性模式尚缺乏高分辨率记录.因此,当今全球变化与深时记录对比存在巨大鸿沟.地球5.4亿年以来大部分时间处于两极无冰的温室状态,期间伴随多次极冷和极热气候事件,但地球深时重大生物演化和气候事件的关系复杂.生物多样性在变冷的奥陶纪早期、晚古生代大冰期、晚新生代大冰期以及中-晚三叠世和白垩纪热室期均呈现稳定增加,而在奥陶纪末冰期快速降温期间和二叠纪末、三叠纪末、白垩纪末火山排气作用导致的快速升温过程中急剧下降.地质时期生物多样性对气候变化的不同响应型式表明,生物多样性变化的根本驱动因素可能不是简单的温度、大气CO_(2)浓度等环境因子的背景值高或低,而是环境因子的变化速率(环境变率).变率较小,环境相对稳定,生物有足够的时间适应环境变化,生物多样性不会丧失,甚至繁盛.反之,若环境因子变率过大,超出了生态系统的承受力,生物来不及适应,生物多样性就会显著降低,甚至引发大灭绝.已有模拟和计算表明,当今地球碳排放的速度有可能超过了地质历史时期任何一次生物大灭绝事件.因此,避免环境突变事件和生物大灭绝的再次发生成为政界、科学界和普通民众关注的焦点.打通地球多圈层界限,开展古-今地质记录、冷-热极端气候、海-陆生态系统和长-短时间尺度的综合对比研究,并通过建立适用于深时的地球系统模型,模拟重大生物和环境事件的背景与发生过程,是地球系统科学未来发展的重要方向.

被子植物花粉颜色多样性及应用研究进展

花粉虽微小似尘埃,其形态特征的肉眼辨识度低,但花粉作为植物遗传信息携带和传播的重要结构,蕴含着被子植物生物多样性成因的关键密码,可为探索“达尔文恼人之谜”提供一个微形态学的视角。花粉形态具有遗传性和高度多样性,一直被用于植物分类、演化、生态、生物地理等方面的研究。然而,已有工作主要聚焦于花粉形状、大小、萌发孔、外壁纹饰和小孢子发生发育等性状,忽略了在整个被子植物范围内对花粉颜色开展系统性研究。本文阐述了花粉颜色形成的化学和遗传物质基础、花粉颜色多样性的生物驱动因子(传粉者偏好、视觉隐匿、二态性选择等)和非生物驱动因子(紫外线、温度、湿度、经纬度等),并介绍了花粉颜色在蜂学、植物组培、食品、园艺学等领域的应用现状,以及目前花粉颜色常见的测量方法。同时,基于近百年已报道的花粉颜色数据,利用Fitch简约法重建了被子植物47科71属花粉颜色的演化式样。最后,结合近年来材料科学、光谱学、人工智能、进化生态学、多组学的发展,对未来开展花粉颜色物理结构基础、人工智能测量、系统性演化分析、颜色形成分子机制等方面的研究提出了思考和建议。

Non-electrocardiography-gated dual-energy cardiac CT angiography for assessment of left atrial appendage thrombus

Objective:To explore the diagnosis value of a low dose,dual-energy cardiac computed tomography angiography(CTA)with non-electrocardiography-gated(non-ECG-gated)in detecting left atrial appendage(IAA)thrombus.Methods:Consecutive patients with atrial fibrillation who underwent cardiac CTA protocol(dual-energy scan for arterial phase and conventional scan for delayed phase)were prospectively enrolled.LAA lesions were proved by clinical comprehensive diagnosis,the final study included 18 cases with LAA thrombus and 48 cases with circulatory stasis.Quantitative parameters derived from dual-energy images were measured for the LAA lesions,including the conventional CT attenuation value(CT value),iodine concentration(IC),normalized iodine concentration(NIC),effective atomic number values(Zeff)and energy spectrum curve slope(Slope).The differences between LAA thrombus group and circulatory stasis group were compared by independent sample t-test or Wilcoxon rank sum test regarding to the normality test.The diagnosis performance of the dual-energy parameters was assessed using receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis and area under curve(AUC).Results:All the dual-energy parameters were demonstrated significantly difference between LAA thrombus and circulatory stasis group(P<0.05),and showed better diagnostic performance than the conventional CT value.ROC analysis revealed IC was the most predictive parameter with AUC equal to 0.836.The radiation dose in the arterial phase was(2.640.66)mSv.Conclusion:Dual-energy CTA scanning shows convincing diagnostic performance in detecting left atrial appendage thrombus with lower radiation dose,and may help reduce the need for delayed phase scan.

成冰纪南华盆地海水氧化还原性质的钨稳定同位素限定

成冰纪是大气和海洋氧化还原状态的关键转折期.重建成冰纪海洋氧化还原历史对解析早期动物演化、氧化还原敏感元素地球化学循环等诸多问题均具有重要意义.本研究针对具有重要全球对比意义和较好研究基础的南华盆地,尝试利用新近开发的钨稳定同位素体系,限定成冰纪间冰期陆架边缘海氧化还原环境.结果表明,南华盆地成冰纪间冰期黑色页岩层位的δ^(186)/^(184)W值明显高于陆源碎屑,指示具有较高δ^(186)/^(184)W值组分的加入.根据现代氧化海洋自生沉积钨稳定同位素组成,本研究认为,较高δ^(186)/^(184)W值端元来自海洋自生沉积组分.由于硫化海水中钨主要以硫代钨酸根形式存在,而硫代钨酸根具有较高的溶解度,硫化底层海水形成的沉积物中难以保存自生钨沉积组分.因此,钨稳定同位素组成表明,南华盆地成冰纪间冰期底层海水至少存在间歇性非硫化状态.结合已发表的铁组分和其他海水环境地球化学指标,本研究认为,南华盆地与当今波罗的海类似,间歇性通风导致底层硫化海水局部氧化,从而形成自生钨沉积.本研究展示了钨稳定同位素限定古海水氧化还原状态的巨大潜力.

A novel MYCN-YTHDF1 cascade contributes to retinoblastoma tumor growth by eliciting m^(6)A-dependent activation of multiple oncogenes

Retinoblastoma, the most prevalent primary intraocular tumor in children, leads to vision impairment, disability and even death.In addition to RB1 inactivation, MYCN activation has been documented as another common oncogenic alteration in retinoblastoma and represents one of the high-risk molecular subtypes of retinoblastoma. However, how MYCN contributes to the progression of retinoblastoma is still incompletely understood. Here, we report that MYCN upregulates YTHDF1, which encodes one of the reader proteins for N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A) RNA modification, in retinoblastoma. We further found that this MYCN-upregulated m^(6)A reader functions to promote retinoblastoma cell proliferation and tumor growth in an m^(6)A bindingdependent manner. Mechanistically, YTHDF1 promotes the expression of multiple oncogenes by binding to their m RNAs and enhancing m RNA stability and translation in retinoblastoma cells. Taken together, our findings reveal a novel MYCN-YTHDF1regulatory cascade in controlling retinoblastoma cell proliferation and tumor growth, pinpointing an unprecedented mechanism for MYCN amplification and/or activation to promote retinoblastoma progression.

钛基金属有机框架材料合成的研究进展

钛基金属有机框架(Ti-MOF)作为一种高价金属MOF,具有优异的化学稳定性、特殊的光响应特性、低毒性等优点,但由于钛金属源具有很高的反应活性,给材料合成带来了一定的挑战。本文综述了近年来Ti-MOF在合成方面的研究进展,详细介绍了溶剂热直接合成法、后交换合成法、原位生成SBUs构筑法等方法,并对形成的拓扑类型和晶体结构进行了分析,总结了Ti-MOF的合成规律及各种方法的优缺点。指出调控金属源和配位环境是获得Ti-MOF最重要的策略,并从原位生成SBUs构筑Ti-MOF和构筑双金属Ti/M-MOF两个角度进行了展望。

角膜屈光术前睑板腺形态的影响因素

目的:观察行角膜屈光术前屈光不正患者双眼上下睑板腺的腺体形态,并对影响睑板腺形态变化的因素进行分析。方法:回顾性病例对照研究。随机选择2021年9月至2022年3月于山东第一医科大学附属青岛眼科医院就诊,拟行屈光矫正手术的近视散光患者244例(488眼),其中男101例(202眼),女143例(286眼),年龄17~51岁。根据性别分为男性组和女性组;男女组分别按年龄再细分为≤25岁组、>25~<35岁组、≥35岁组;根据有无软性角膜接触镜配戴史分为对照组和配戴组;根据等效球镜度(SE)分为>-6.00 D组和≤-6.00 D组。采用眼表综合分析仪检测患者的眼表功能指标,比较不同分组患者的泪河高度(TMH)、首次泪膜破裂时间(fNIBUT)、平均泪膜破裂时间(avNIBUT)、睑板腺缺失率、睑板腺腺体弯曲数量的差异。不同组间各指标的比较采用秩和检验。睑板腺缺失率与性别的相关性分析采用Eta系数。睑板腺缺失率与年龄、接触镜配戴时间、SE、TMH等指标的相关性分析采用Spearman相关分析。结果:不同性别组间fNIBUT、avNIBUT、睑板腺缺失率的差异均有统计学意义(Z=-2.39,P=0.017;Z=-3.19,P=0.001;Z=-3.46,P=0.001)。男性患者不同年龄组各组间fNIBUT差异有统计学意义(H=6.42,P=0.040),其余各项眼表功能指标差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。女性患者不同年龄组各组间TMH、fNIBUT、avNIBUT、睑板腺缺失率、睑板腺腺体弯曲数量差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。有无软性角膜接触镜配戴组间avNIBUT、睑板腺缺失率差异有统计学意义(Z=-2.02,P=0.043;Z=-3.43,P=0.001)。SE>-6.00 D组和≤-6.00 D组间睑板腺缺失率差异有统计学意义(Z=-1.99,P=0.047)。睑板腺缺失率与性别、年龄、软性角膜接触镜配戴时间、SE、腺体弯曲数量均有相关性(Eta系数1.0;r=0.10,P=0.036;r=0.16,P<0.001;r=-0.11,P=0.013;r=0.21,P<0.001)。结论:睑板腺形态变化主要表现为睑板腺腺体缺失、腺体弯曲数量增加,影响患者睑板腺缺失率的高危因素包括女性和高度近视。角膜屈光手术围手术期应特别关注女性高度近视患者的眼表功能情况。