Hyphae-mediated bioassembly of carbon fibers derivatives for advanced battery energy storage

Ingenious design and fabrication of advanced carbon-based sulfur cathodes are extremely important to the development of high-energy lithium-sulfur batteries,which hold promise as the next-generation power source.Herein,for the first time,we report a novel versatile hyphae-mediated biological assembly technology to achieve scale production of hyphae carbon fibers(HCFs)derivatives,in which different components including carbon,metal compounds,and semiconductors can be homogeneously assembled with HCFs to form composite networks.The mechanism of biological adsorption assembly is also proposed.As a representative,reduced graphene oxides(rGOs)decorated with hollow carbon spheres(HCSs)successfully co-assemble with HCFs to form HCSs@rGOs/HCFs hosts for sulfur cathodes.In this unique architecture,not only large accommodation space for sulfur but also restrained volume expansion and fast charge transport paths are realized.Meanwhile,multiscale physical barriers plus chemisorption sites are simultaneously established to anchor soluble lithium polysulfides.Accordingly,the designed HCSs@rGOs/HCFs-S cathodes deliver a high capacity(1189 mA h g^(-1)at 0.1 C)and good high-rate capability(686 mA h g^(-1)at 5 C).Our work provides a new approach for the preparation of high-performance carbon-based electrodes for energy storage devices.

GLI1 and PTTG1 expression in colorectal carcinoma patients undergoing radical surgery and their correlation with lymph node metastasis

BACKGROUND Few studies have investigated the expression of GLI1 and PTTG1 in patients undergoing radical surgery for colorectal carcinoma(CRC)and their association with lymph node metastasis(LNM).Therefore,more relevant studies and analyses need to be conducted.AIM To explore GLI1 and PTTG1 expression in patients undergoing radical surgery for CRC and their correlation with LNM.METHODS This study selected 103 patients with CRC admitted to our hospital between April 2020 and April 2023.Sample specimens of CRC and adjacent tissues were collected to determine the positive rates and expression levels of GLI1 and PTTG1.The correlation of the two genes with patients’clinicopathological data(e.g.,LNM)was explored,and differences in GLI1 and PTTG1 expression between patients with LNM and those without were analyzed.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves were plotted to evaluate the predictive potential of the two genes for LNM in patients with CRC.RESULTS Significantly higher positive rates and expression levels of GLI1 and PTTG1 wereobserved in CRC tissue samples compared with adjacent tissues.GLI1 and PTTG1 were strongly linked to LNM in patients undergoing radical surgery for CRC,with higher GLI1 and PTTG1 levels found in patients with LNM than in those without.The areas under the ROC curve of GLI1 and PTTG1 in assessing LNM in patients with CRC were 0.824 and 0.811,respectively.CONCLUSION GLI1 and PTTG1 expression was upregulated in patients undergoing radical surgery for CRC and are significantly related to LNM in these patients.Moreover,high GLI1 and PTTG1 expression can indicate LNM in patients with CRC undergoing radical surgery.The expression of both genes has certain diagnostic and therapeutic significance.

Research trends of clinical studies on acupuncture protocols over the past 20 years:a bibliometric analysis

Background:Acupuncture protocols are essential as they guide study design and improve the quality of clinical trial,thus preventing avoid research waste.Given the increasing number of publications on acupuncture protocols,this study aimed to assess the publications trends of acupuncture protocols over the past two decades and provided an overview for future research directions.Methods:Publications focusing on acupuncture protocols in clinical settings were retrieved and compiled from the Web of Science Core Collection spanning the period from 2004 to 2023.CiteSpace and Microsoft Excel software were used to analyze the relationship of publication with countries,institutions,authors,co-cited author,journals,references,keywords and other literature aspects.Results:This study analyzed 721 articles encompassing acupuncture protocols.A continuous yet fluctuating growth in publications volume were observed from 2004 to 2023.Notably,China stands at the forefront in contributing to acupuncture protocols,publishing 513 papers and demonstrating a high centrality score of 1.07 in cooperative network.Furthermore,China has fostered close collaborations with the USA and South Korea.Beijing University of Chinese Medicine(89),Zhishun Liu(36)and Trials(306)emerged as the top contributors in terms of institution,author,and journal,respectively.However,inter-institutional and author collaboration was relatively weak.Macpherson H was the most frequently cited author.High-frequency keywords included“randomized controlled trials”,“acupuncture”,“management”,“study protocol”,“quality of life”.Analysis of timeline diagram of keywords indicated that“functional dyspepsia”,“stroke”,“electroacupuncture”,and“colorectal cancer”were the research development trends and focus.Conclusion:Clinical acupuncture protocols have experienced robust development over the past two decades,with current research hotspots focusing on disease management and quality of life,which remain key research concerns.Moreover,we advocate for researchers to publish acupuncture protocols,which remain key research concerns.This approach allows for thorough pre-study planning of methodologies and objectives,enhancing scientific rigor through peer review,thereby laying the foundation for conducting high-quality research.

Acinous cell AR42J-derived exosome miR125b-5p promotes acute pancreatitis exacerbation by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization via PI3K/AKT signaling pathway

BACKGROUND The incidence rate of acute pancreatitis(AP), which is a pathophysiological process with complex etiology, is increasing globally. miR-125b-5p, a bidirectional regulatory miRNA, is speculated to exhibit anti-tumor activity. However,exosome-derived miR-125b-5p in AP has not been reported.AIM To elucidate the molecular mechanism of exosome-derived miR-125b-5p promoting AP exacerbation from the perspective of the interaction between immune cells and acinar cells.METHODS Exosomes derived from AR42J cells were isolated and extracted in active and inactive states by an exosome extraction kit, and were verified via transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and western blotting. RNA sequencing assay technology was used to screen differentially expressed miRNAs in active and inactive AR42J cell lines, and bioinformatics analysis was used to predict downstream target genes of miR-125b-5p. The expression level of miR-125b-5p and insulin-like growth factor 2(IGF2) in the activated AR42J cell line and AP pancreatic tissue were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blots. The changes in the pancreatic inflammatory response in a rat AP model were detected by histopathological methods. Western Blot was used to detect the expression of IGF2, PI3K/AKT signaling pathway proteins, and apoptosis and necrosis related proteins.RESULTS miR-125b-5p expression was upregulated in the activated AR42J cell line and AP pancreatic tissue,while that of IGF2 was downregulated. In vitro experiments confirmed that miR-125b-5p could promote the death of activated AR42J cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. In addition,miR-125b-5p was found to act on macrophages to promote M1 type polarization and inhibit M2type polarization, resulting in a massive release of inflammatory factors and reactive oxygen species accumulation. Further research found that miR-125b-5p could inhibit the expression of IGF2 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Additionally, in vivo experiments revealed that miR-125b-5p can promote the progression of AP in a rat model.CONCLUSION miR-125b-5p acts on IGF2 in the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and promotes M1 type polarization and inhibits M2 type polarization of macrophage by inhibiting IGF2 expression, resulting in a large release of pro-inflammatory factors and an inflammatory cascade amplification effect, thus aggravating AP.

Timing, distribution, and microbiology of infectious complications after necrotizing pancreatitis

BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)is a common acute abdominal disease worldwide,and its incidence rate has increased annually.Approximately 20%of AP patients develop into necrotizing pancreatitis(NP),and 40%to 70%of NP patients have infectious complications,which usually indicate a worse prognosis.Infection is an important sign of complications in NP patients.AIM To investigate the difference in infection time,infection site,and infectious strain in NP patients with infectious complications.METHODS The clinical data of AP patients visiting the Department of General Surgery of Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University from January 1,2014 to December 31,2018 were collected retrospectively.Enhanced computerized tomography or magnetic resonance imaging findings in patients with NP were included in the study.Statistical analysis of infectious bacteria,infection site,and infection time in NP patients with infectious complications was performed,because knowledge about pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns is essential for selecting an appropriate antibiotic.In addition,the factors that might influence the prognosis of patients were analyzed.RESULTS In this study,539 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from 162 patients with NP infection,including 212 strains from pancreatic infections and 327 strains from extrapancreatic infections.Gram-negative bacteria were the main infectious species,the most common of which were Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The extrapancreatic infection time(9.1±8.8 d)was earlier than the pancreatic infection time(13.9±12.3 d).Among NP patients with early extrapancreatic infection(<14 d),bacteremia(25.12%)and respiratory tract infection(21.26%)were predominant.Among NP patients with late extrapancreatic infection(>14 d),bacteremia(15.94%),respiratory tract infection(7.74%),and urinary tract infection(7.71%)were predominant.Drug sensitivity analysis showed that P.aeruginosa was sensitive to enzymatic penicillins,thirdand fourth-generation cephalosporins,and carbapenems.Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae were sensitive only to tigecycline;Staphylococcus epidermidis and Enterococcus faecium were highly sensitive to linezolid,tigecycline,and vancomycin.CONCLUSION In this study,we identified the timing,the common species,and site of infection in patients with NP.

Infection recurrence following minimally invasive treatment in patients with infectious pancreatic necrosis

BACKGROUND In recent decades,an increasing number of patients have received minimally invasive intervention for infected pancreatic necrosis(IPN)because of the benefits in reducing postoperative multiple organ failure and mortality.However,there are limited published data regarding infection recurrence after treatment of this patient population.AIM To investigate the incidence and prediction of infection recurrence following successful minimally invasive treatment in IPN patients.METHODS Medical records for 193 IPN patients,who underwent minimally invasive treatment between February 2014 and October 2018,were retrospectively reviewed.Patients,who survived after the treatment,were divided into two groups:one group with infection after drainage catheter removal and another group without infection.The morphological and clinical data were compared between the two groups.Significantly different variables were introduced into the correlation and multivariate logistic analysis to identify independent predictors for infection recurrence.Sensitivity and specificity for diagnostic performance were determined.RESULTS Of the 193 IPN patients,178 were recruited into the study.Of them,9(5.06%)patients died and 169 patients survived but infection recurred in 13 of 178 patients(7.30%)at 7(4-10)d after drainage catheters were removed.White blood cell(WBC)count,serum C-reactive protein(CRP),interleukin-6,and procalcitonin levels measured at the time of catheter removal were significantly higher in patients with infection than in those without(all P<0.05).In addition,drainage duration and length of the catheter measured by computerized tomography scan were significantly longer in patients with infection(P=0.025 and P<0.0001,respectively).Although these parameters all correlated positively with the incidence of infection(all P<0.05),only WBC,CRP,procalcitonin levels,and catheter length were identified as independent predictors for infection recurrence.The sensitivity and specificity for infection prediction were high in WBC count(≥9.95×109/L)and serum procalcitonin level(≥0.05 ng/mL)but moderate in serum CRP level(cut-off point≥7.37 mg/L).The catheter length(cut-off value≥8.05 cm)had a high sensitivity but low specificity to predict the infection recurrence.CONCLUSION WBC count,serum procalcitonin,and CRP levels may be valuable for predicting infection recurrence following minimally invasive intervention in IPN patients.These biomarkers should be considered before removing the drainage catheters.

Establishment of a diagnostic model of coronary heart disease in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus based on machine learning algorithms

OBJECTIVE To establish a prediction model of coronary heart disease(CHD)in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus(DM)based on machine learning(ML)algorithms.METHODS Based on the Medical Big Data Research Centre of Chinese PLA General Hospital in Beijing,China,we identified a cohort of elderly inpatients(≥60 years),including 10,533 patients with DM complicated with CHD and 12,634 patients with DM without CHD,from January 2008 to December 2017.We collected demographic characteristics and clinical data.After selecting the important features,we established five ML models,including extreme gradient boosting(XGBoost),random forest(RF),decision tree(DT),adaptive boosting(Adaboost)and logistic regression(LR).We compared the receiver operating characteristic curves,area under the curve(AUC)and other relevant parameters of different models and determined the optimal classification model.The model was then applied to 7447 elderly patients with DM admitted from January 2018 to December 2019 to further validate the performance of the model.RESULTS Fifteen features were selected and included in the ML model.The classification precision in the test set of the XGBoost,RF,DT,Adaboost and LR models was 0.778,0.789,0.753,0.750 and 0.689,respectively;and the AUCs of the subjects were 0.851,0.845,0.823,0.833 and 0.731,respectively.Applying the XGBoost model with optimal performance to a newly recruited dataset for validation,the diagnostic sensitivity,specificity,precision,and AUC were 0.792,0.808,0.748 and 0.880,respectively.CONCLUSIONS The XGBoost model established in the present study had certain predictive value for elderly patients with DM complicated with CHD.

Comparison of safety,efficacy,and long-term follow-up between“one-step”and“step-up”approaches for infected pancreatic necrosis

BACKGROUND Although the“Step-up”strategy is the primary surgical treatment for infected pancreatic necrosis,it is not suitable for all such patients.The“One-step”strategy represents a novel treatment,but the safety,efficacy,and long-term follow-up have not yet been compared between these two approaches.AIM To compare the safety,efficacy,and long-term follow-up of two surgical approaches to provide a reference for infected pancreatic necrosis treatment.METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of infectious pancreatic necrosis patients who underwent“One-step”or“Step-up”necrosectomy at Xuan Wu Hospital,Capital Medical University,from May 2014 to December 2020.The primary outcome was the composite endpoint of severe complications or death.Patients were followed up every 6 mo after discharge until death or June 30,2021.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 21.0 and GraphPad Prism 8.0,and statistical significance was set at P<0.05.RESULTS One-hundred-and-fifty-eight patients were enrolled,of whom 61 patients underwent“One-step”necrosectomy and 97 patients underwent“Step-up”necrosectomy.During the long-term follow-up period,40 patients in the“Onestep”group and 63 patients in the“Step-up”group survived.The time from disease onset to hospital admission(53.69±38.14 vs 32.20±20.75,P<0.001)and to initial surgical treatment was longer in the“Step-up”than in the“One-step”group(54.38±10.46 vs 76.58±17.03,P<0.001).Patients who underwent“Step up”necrosectomy had a longer hospitalization duration(65.41±28.14 vs 52.76±24.71,P=0.02),and more interventions(4.26±1.71 vs 3.18±1.39,P<0.001).Postoperative inflammatory indicator levels were significantly lower than preoperative levels in each group.Although the incisional hernia incidence was higher in the“One-step”group,no significant difference was found in the composite outcomes of severe complications or death,new-onset organ failure,postoperative complications,inflammatory indicators,long-term complications,quality of life,and medical costs between the groups(P>0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with the“Step-up”approach,the“One-step”approach is a safe and effective treatment method with better long-term quality of life and prognosis.It also provides an alternative surgical treatment strategy for patients with infected pancreatic necrosis.

Effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on cardiovascular outcomes in elderly patients with comorbid coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors(SGLT2i)on cardiovascular outcomes in elderly Chinese patients with comorbid coronary heart disease(CHD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).METHODS A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 501 elderly inpatients(≥60 years)with comorbid CHD/T2DM in Department of Cardiovascular Medicine and Endocrinology,Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2018 to December 2019.These patients were divided into two groups according to the administration of SGLT2i.All the demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected.Cardiovascular outcomes,including all-cause mortality,major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE),and hospitalization for heart failure(HHF),were followed up.RESULTS In the cohort,there were 167 patients in the SGLT2i group and 334 patients in the control group.In the efficacy analyses,the incidence of MACE was lower in the SGLT2i group than in the control group:3.6%vs.9.3%(P=0.022).A lower risk of MACE was observed in the SGLT2i group[hazard ratio(HR)=0.40,95%CI:0.17-0.95].There was no significant difference in the incidence of all-cause mortality or HHF between the two groups.No significant difference of HR was observed for all-cause mortality(HR=0.41,95%CI:0.12-1.41)or HHF(HR=0.58,95%CI:0.12-2.81).CONCLUSIONS SGLT2i treatment exhibited benefits for elderly patients with comorbid CHD/T2DM with a lower risk for MACE.

Cardiotrophin-1 promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation from mouse induced pluripotent stem cells via JAK2/STAT3/Pim-1 signaling pathway

Background The induced pluripotent stem cell （iPSC） has shown great potential in cellular therapy of myocardial infarction （MI）, while its application is hampered by the low efficiency of cardiomyocyte differentiation. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of cardiotrophin-1 （CT-1） on cardiomyocyte differentiation from mouse induced pluripotent stem cells （miPSCs） and the underlying mechanisms involved. Methods The optimal treatment condition for cardiomyocyte differentiation from miPSCs was established with ideal concentration （10 ng/mL） and duration （from day 3 to day 14） of CT-1 administration. Up-regulated expression of cardiac specific genes that accounted for embryonic cardiogenesis was observed by quantitative RT-PCR. Elevated amount of a-myosin heavy chain （ct-MHC） and cardiac troponin I （cTn I） positive cells were detected by immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry analysis in CT- 1 group. Results Transmission electron microscopic analysis revealed that cells treated with CT- 1 showed better organized sacromeric structure and more mitochondria, which are morphological characteristic of matured cardiomyocytes. Western blot demonstrated that CT-1 promotes cardiomyocyte differentiation from miPSCs partly via JAK2/STAT3/Pim-1 pathway as compared with control group. Conclusions These findings suggested that CT-1 could enhance the cardiomyocyte differentiation as well as the maturation of mouse induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes by regulating JAK2/STAT3/Pim-1 signaling pathway.

Anterior abdominal abscess-a rare manifestation of severe acute pancreatitis:A case report

BACKGROUND Severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)is a common critical disease of the digestive system.In addition to the clinical manifestations and biochemical changes of acute pancreatitis,SAP is also accompanied by organ failure lasting more than 48 h.SAP is characterized by focal or extensive pancreatic necrosis,hemorrhage and obvious inflammation around the pancreas.The peripancreatic fat space,fascia,mesentery and adjacent organs are often involved.The common local complications include acute peripancreatic fluid collection,acute necrotic collection,pancreatic pseudocyst,walled off necrosis and infected pancreatic necrosis.After reviewing the literature,we found that in very few cases,SAP patients have complications with anterior abdominal wall abscesses.CASE SUMMARY We report a 66-year-old Asian male with severe acute pancreatitis who presented with intermittent abdominal pain and an increasing abdominal mass.The abscess spread from the retroperitoneum to the anterior abdominal wall and the right groin.In the described case,drainage tubes were placed in the retroperitoneal and anterior abdominal wall by percutaneous puncture.After a series of symptomatic supportive therapies,the patient was discharged from the hospital with a retroperi-toneal drainage tube after the toleration of oral feeding and the improvement of nutritional status.CONCLUSION We believe that patients with SAP complicated with anterior abdominal abscess can be treated conservatively to avoid unnecessary exploration or operation.

Effects of Food Additives on Rehydration Properties of Frozen Dumpling Wrappers

With the vacuum freeze-drying technology, frozen dumpling wrappers were prepared, to investigate the effects of six kinds of food additives, including modified starch, compound phosphate, maltodextrin, guar gum, distilled monoglycerides and transglutaminase （TG enzyme）, on the drying rate, rehydration ratio and sense value of the frozen dumpling wrappers. The results showed that, with respective addition of 6% modified starch, O. 1% compound phosphate, 10% maltodextrin, 0.4% guar gum, 0.4% distilled monoglyceride and 0.3% transglutaminase, the drying rate, rehydration ratio and sense value of the frozen dumpling wrappers were the highest.

In vivo bioluminescence imaging of hyperglycemia exacerbating stem cells on choroidal neovascularization in mice

AIM： To investigate the influence of hyperglycemia on the severity of choroidal neovascularization（CNV）,especially the involvement of bone marrow-derived cells（BMCs） and underlying mechanisms.·METHODS： BMCs from firefly luciferase（Fluc）/green fluorescent protein（GFP） double transgenic mice were transplanted into C57BL/6J wide-type mice. The recipient mice were injected intraperitoneally with streptozotocin（STZ） daily for 5 consecutive days to induce diabetes mellitus（DM）, followed by CNV laser photocoagulation.The BMCs recruitment in CNV exposed to hyperglycemia was firstly examined in Fluc/GFP chimeric mice by in vivo optical bioluminescence imaging（BLI） and in vitro Fluc assays. The CNV severity was evaluated by H＆E staining and choroidal flatmount. The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF） and stromal cell derived factor-1（SDF-1） was detected by Western blot.·RESULTS： BLI showed that the BMCs exerted dynamic effects in CNV model in Fluc/GFP chimeric mice exposed to hyperglycemia. The signal intensity of transplanted Fluc＋GFP＋BMCs in the DM chimeric mice was significantly higher than that in the control chimeric mice with CNV induction at days 5, 7, 14 and 21（121861.67 ±9948.81 vs 144998.33 ±13787.13 photons/second/cm2/sr for control and DM mice, P5d〈0.05; 178791.67±30350.8 vs240166.67 ±22605.3, P7d〈0.05; 124176.67 ±16253.52 vs196376.67 ±18556.79, P14d〈0.05; 97951.60 ±10343.09 vs119510.00 ±14383.76, P21d〈0.05）, which was consistent with in vitro Fluc assay at day 7 [relative light units of Fluc（RLU1）], 215.00±52.05 vs 707.33±88.65, P 〈0.05; RLU1/relative light units of renilla luciferase（RLU2）, 0.90 ±0.17 vs 1.83 ±0.17, P 〈0.05]. The CNVs in the DM mice were wider than those in the control group at days 5, 7, 14 and21（147.83±17.36 vs 220.33±20.17 μm, P5d〈0.05; 212.17 ±24.63 vs 326.83 ±19.49, P7d〈0.05; 163.17 ±18.24 vs265.17 ±20.55, P14d〈0.05; 132.00 ±10.88 vs 205.33 ±12.98,P21d〈0.05）. The average area of CNV in the DM group was larger at 7d（20688.67±3644.96 vs 32218.00±4132.69 μm2,P 〈0.05）. The expression of VEGF and SDF-1 was enhanced in the DM mice.·CONCLUSION： Hyperglycemia promots the vasculo-genesis of CNV, especially the contribution of BMCs,which might be triggered by VEGF and SDF-1 production.

Research Progress of Ceramic Metallization Technology

Due to the wide application of ceramics in electronic device packaging,the performance of ceramic metallization layer directly determines the performance of the whole package device.This paper introduces the main preparation methods of ceramic metallization,discusses the influence of Mo powder size,metallization formula,sintering temperature and other factors on the performance of ceramic metallization layer prepared by activated Mo-Mn method,and introduces several kinds of methods that can be tested to test the performance of ceramic metallized sealing samples.A new research direction of Ceramic Metallization Technology in the advanced field is put forward.

KLF16 promotes pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell proliferation and migration by positively regulating SMAD6

BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma(PAAD)is a cancerous tumor with an extremely poor 5-year survival rate.The exploration of biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of PAAD is crucial in clinical practice.Krüppel-like factors(KLFs)are involved in a variety of biological functions in cells.According to multiple studies,KLF16 behave as an oncogene in prostate,breast and gastric cancers.However,no research has been done on the significance of KLF16 in PAAD.AIM To explore the molecular mechanisms of KLF16 in PAAD.METHODS KLF16 was identified in the tumor specimens and normal tissues by GEPIA database and verified by quantitative real-time PCR(qRT-PCR).Knockdown or exogenous expression of KLF16,combined with in vitro and in vivo assays,was performed to show the functional significance of KLF16.The molecular mechanism of KLF16 was demonstrated by qRT-PCR,western blotting,immunoprecipitation assay and flow cytometry.RESULTS We showed that KLF16 was highly expressed in PAAD patients based on the GEPIA database.KLF16 silencing suppressed while KLF16 overexpression promoted the malignant function of PAAD cells.Based on RNA sequencing,we discovered that KLF16 potentiated the expression of SMAD6 in PAAD cells.SMAD6 transcript abundance was increased and positively correlated with KLF16 expression in PAAD samples.In addition,inhibiting SMAD6 was able to mitigate the effects of KLF16 overexpression on PAAD cell processes,suggesting the importance of SMAD6 in the development of KLF16-triggered PAAD.CONCLUSION KLF16/SMAD6 axis might be explored as a therapeutic target for PAAD therapy.

Impact of the World's New Technological Revolution on Economic Development and Educational Reform in the Information Age

The fourth industrial revolution of human society is also known as the"world's new technological revolution,"which has brought human society into the information age and has had an extremely important impact on economic development and educational reform.In the information age,economic development and wealth creation are dominated by the acquisition,mastery,distribution,and utilization of information instead of capital.Therefore,the cultivation of talents is very important,and educational reform is imperative with the rise of the world's new technological revolution.

Impact of the World’s New Technological Revolution on Economic Development and Educational Reform in the Information Age

The fourth industrial revolution of human society is also known as the“world’s new technological revolution,”which has brought human society into the information age and has had an extremely important impact on economic development and educational reform.In the information age,economic development and wealth creation are dominated by the acquisition,mastery,distribution,and utilization of information instead of capital.Therefore,the cultivation of talents is very important,and educational reform is imperative with the rise of the world’s new technological revolution.

基于多面体转镜HfO_(2)薄膜的制备及性能研究

多面体转镜是激光直写设备中激光光束扫描系统的核心部件,其光学表面的反射率和均匀性会直接影响光刻机的扫描精度。研究了沉积在转镜上的氧化铪(HfO_(2))膜层的光谱特性、微观结构、表面和截面形貌、堆积密度等特征,并与沉积在平面行星上的HfO_(2)膜层的相关性能进行对比分析。测试结果表明,与平面行星上的HfO_(2)膜层相比,多面体转镜上的HfO_(2)膜层的折射率低0.13、堆积密度低0.15、结晶质量更差、表面粗糙度大1.01 nm。分析了多面体转镜上的HfO_(2)膜层的均匀性,并进行技术改进,改进后的HfO_(2)膜层的折射率提高了0.11、均匀性提高了0.24%。

Liquid-source plasma technology for construction of dual bromine-fluorine-enriched interphases on lithium metal anodes with enhanced performance

The electrochemical performance of Li metal anode is closely bound up with the interphase between Li and lithium-loaded skeleton as well as solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)on Li surface.Herein,for the first time,we propose a novel liquid-source CHBr_(2)F plasma technology to simultaneously construct dual bromine-fluorine-enriched interphases:NiBr_(2)-NiF_(2) interphase on sponge Ni(SN)skeleton and LiBr-LiF-enriched SEI on Li anode,respectively.Based on density functional theory(DFT)calculations and COMSOL multiphysics simulation results,SN skeleton with NiBr_(2)-NiF_(2)interphase can effectively decrease the local current density with good lithiophilicity.And the LiBr-LiF-enriched SEI on Li surface can function to block electron tunneling and hinder side electrochemical reduction of electrolyte components,thus suppressing the growth of dendrite and facilitating the homogeneous transportation of lithium ions.Consequently,the Li/SN electrodes with modified interphases show remarkable stability with a low overpotential of 22.6 mV over 1800 h at 1 mA cm^(-2)/1 mAh cm^(-2)and an exceptional average Coulombic efficiency of 99.6%.When coupled with LiNi_(0.8)Co_(0.1)Mn_(0.1)O_(2)(NCM811)cathode,the full cells deliver improved cycling stability with a capacity retention of 79.5%even after 350 cycles at 0.5 C.This study provides a facile and new plasma method for the construction of advanced Li anodes for energy storage.

Impacts of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency on gut microbiota

Pancreatic exocrine insufficiency(PEI)can be induced by various kinds of diseases,including chronic pancreatitis,acute pancreatitis,and post-pancreatectomy.The main pathogenetic mechanism of PEI involves the decline of trypsin synthesis,disorder of pancreatic fluid flow,and imbalance of secretion feedback.Animal studies have shown that PEI could induce gut bacterial overgrowth and dysbiosis,with the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium increasing the most,which could be partially reversed by pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy.Clinical studies have also confirmed the association between PEI and the dysbiosis of gut microbiota.Pancreatic exocrine secretions and changes in duodenal p H as well as bile salt malabsorption brought about by PEI may affect and shape the abundance and composition of gut microbiota.In turn,the gut microbiota may impact the pancreatic exocrine acinus through potential bidirectional crosstalk.Going forward,more and higher-quality studies are needed that focus on the mechanism underlying the impact of PEI on the gut microbiota.