Probability Distribution Characteristics of Strong Nonlinear Waves Under Typhoon Conditions in the Northern South China Sea

The generation and propagation mechanism of strong nonlinear waves in the South China Sea is an essential research area. In this study, the third-generation wave model WAVEWATCH Ⅲ is employed to simulate wave fields under extreme sea states. The model, integrating the ST6 source term, is validated against observed data, demonstrating its credibility. The spatial distribution of the occurrence probability of strong nonlinear waves during typhoons is shown, and the waves in the straits and the northeastern part of the South China Sea show strong nonlinear characteristics. The high-order spectral model HOS-ocean is employed to simulate the random wave surface series beneath five different platform areas. The waves during the typhoon exhibit strong nonlinear characteristics, and freak waves exist. The space-varying probability model is established to describe the short-term probability distribution of nonlinear wave series. The exceedance probability distributions of the wave surface beneath different platform areas are compared and analyzed. The results show that with an increase in the platform area, the probability of a strong nonlinear wave beneath the platform increases.

虚拟实验在建筑结构抗震课程教学中的应用

建筑结构抗震课程是土木工程专业学生本科阶段的一门专业课程。该课程理论内容多,较为枯燥,教学中存在真实实验操作困难、"重理论,轻实践"等问题。对此,将交互性强、可操作性高的虚拟实验引入建筑结构抗震课程教学,并与传统真实实验进行对比分析,阐述虚拟实验的重要性与必要性。以隔震结构为例,提出可供参考、借鉴的虚拟实验设计思路。从问卷调查获取的反馈信息来看,虚拟实验具有良好的教学效果,应合理利用虚拟实验的优势,将其与土木工程专业课程教学融合,注重交互式开发。应注意的是虚拟实验仅作为真实实验的补充,不能忽视传统的真实实验。

江苏省及近海区域CO_(2)地质封存储层条件分析

对江苏省及近海区域地质进行了分析表明,下扬子地块发育的苏北—南黄海南部盆地为该省CO_(2)地质封存潜在目标场所。文章通过地层及岩性资料分析了CO_(2)封存适宜地层,在此基础上,根据钻井与地震测量剖面资料,阐述了各构造单元的800~3500 m深度范围存在的CO_(2)封存适宜地层的厚度,探讨CO_(2)封存空间适宜性。结果表明:盐城组下段、三垛组、戴南组、阜宁组一段与三段、赤山组砂岩具有较好CO_(2)储存空间;苏北—南黄海盆地的赤山组分布较少,盐城组、三垛组、戴南组、阜宁组地层分布范围较广;金湖凹陷、高邮凹陷、溱潼凹陷、海安凹陷、白驹凹陷、阜宁凹陷、盐城凹陷、南二凹陷、南四凹陷、南五凹陷、南七凹陷、南二低凸起具有较好的CO_(2)封存储层潜力;洪泽凹陷、临泽凹陷、涟南凹陷、涟北凹陷、南三凹陷、南六凹陷CO_(2)封存储层潜力较差。

氯沙坦与阿替洛尔治疗马方综合征进行性主动脉扩张效果的meta分析

目的系统评价氯沙坦与阿替洛尔对马方综合征(MFS)进展性主动脉扩张的影响。方法计算机检索发表在PubMed、Medline、Embase、Web of Science和Cochrane Library数据库中所有相关研究,并进行纳入和排除。主要终点为出现主动脉主要并发症或进行心血管手术,数据使用Stata 14.0进行分析。对所有研究终点计算标准化均数差(SMD)和相应的95%置信区间(CI)。使用漏斗图评估发表偏倚。结果共纳入5篇文献进行meta分析。所有纳入的试验均为前瞻性临床试验。根据随机效应模型,氯沙坦和阿替洛尔在治疗升主动脉扩张率和主动脉根部直径方面比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论氯沙坦和阿替洛尔治疗MFS进展性主动脉扩张效果无明显差异,但仍需要更多研究数据支持。

特制纳米新材料及电加温线对青菜生长和产量的影响

为比较特制纳米新材料及电加温线对青菜生长及产量的影响,设置2个纳米线处理、1个电加温线处理和空白对照,在连栋大棚内对“五月慢”青菜进行栽培试验。结果表明:纳米新材料处理与电加温线处理有效促进了早春低温环境下青菜的生长,与对照相比,青菜生长加快,叶面积增大,生长期有所提前;产量方面,T_(1)(纳米线1根在生长层,另1根在土表下)、T_(2)(纳米线2根均在土表下)、T_(3)(电加温线2根均在土表下)分别较对照增加了90.8%、48.8%与107.5%,增产效果显著。综合结果来看,T_(3)效果最优,T_(1)次之,部分纳米线设置在生长层对青菜的增产效果优于全部纳米线设置于土表下。

Effect of the drag coefficient on a typhoon wave model

The effect of the drag coefficient on a typhoon wave model is investigated.Drag coefficients for Pingtan Island are derived from the progress of nine typhoons using COARE 3.0 software.The wind parameters are obtained using the Weather Research and Forecasting model.The simulation of wind agrees well with observations.Typhoon wave fields are then simulated using the third-generation wave model SWAN.The wave model includes exponential and linear growths of the wind input,which determine the wave-growth mode.A triple triangular mesh is adopted with spatial resolution as fine as 100 m nearshore.The SWAN model performs better when using the new drag coefficient rather than the original coefficient.

Wave Energy Resource Availability Assessment in the Philippines Based on 30-Year Hindcast Data

With the goal of evaluating the wave and wave energy conditions in the Philippines,the simulated wave nearshore(SWAN)model was used to estimate the wavefield using 30 years of cross-calibrated multi-platform(CCMP)wind field data(1987-2016).The spatiotemporal patterns of annual and monthly averaged significant wave heights and wave energy in the Philippines were analyzed based on the simulated data.Results showed that they had similar values;in particular,significant wave heights and wave energy were smaller in the south and southwest and higher in the north and northeast.A total of 12 representative points along the Philippine coast were selected to draw wave and wave energy roses.A directional analysis showed that the dominant wave was in the north north-east(NNE),northeast(NE),and east north-east(ENE)directions.Wave energy was mainly distributed in regions with an energy period between 1 and 10 s and significant wave heights between 0 and 4 m.To better utilize wave energy data in the Philippines,this paper studied the available and rich area of wave energy and analyzed the annual and monthly variability index of wave energy in the country.Moreover,the available significant wave heights of wave energy conversion devices(WECs)were set as 0.5-4 m,and the maximum annual average available wave energy occurred in the eastern Philippine Sea area,reaching 13 kW m^(-1).For the safety of WECs,extreme typhoon-induced wave conditions must be considered.Furthermore,the results showed that the maximum significant wave height and mean period over the 50-year return period reached 18 m and 15 s,respectively.

昆山地区樱桃番茄新品种筛选试验及综合评价

为探究不同樱桃番茄品种的综合特性,筛选出适合昆山地区栽培的高品质樱桃番茄品种,以11个不同的樱桃番茄品种为研究材料,测定了不同樱桃番茄品种的农艺性状、品质性状等12项指标,同时对各性状间的相关性进行Pearson分析,利用主成分分析和模糊隶属函数分析等方法对各樱桃番茄品种进行了综合评价。结果表明,不同樱桃番茄品种间各指标均存在显著差异,花穗数与单株结果数呈极显著正相关,与单株产量、可溶性固形物呈显著正相关;单株结果数与单株产量呈极显著正相关,与可溶性固形物呈显著正相关。利用主成分分析提取出4个主成分,其累积方差贡献率达86.337%。主成分分析法筛选出综合排名前3的品种为釜山88、浙樱粉、黄妃,与模糊隶属函数综合评价结果基本一致。因此,可考虑在昆山地区推广栽培釜山88、浙樱粉、黄妃。

江苏省固定CO_(2)排放源空间分布及排放量特征分析

江苏省巨大的经济产值伴随着大量的CO_(2)排放,如何处置这部分CO_(2)是碳减排的关键之一。CO_(2)捕集与封存是减少碳排放最直接的手段,因而需要了解该地区固定排放源的分布及其排放量。对作为江苏省主要大规模CO_(2)固定排放源的火电厂、钢铁厂、水泥厂、合成氨厂4类企业进行了调查与评价,结果表明,目前该地区正在运行与新建的火电厂、钢铁厂、水泥厂、合成氨厂共227个,其中火电厂169个、钢铁厂22个、水泥厂25个、合成氨厂11个;31个火电厂为排放量小于10万t/a的小型电厂,其余196个企业均为大型固定排放源;4类固定源CO_(2)排放量总共约为5.98×10^(4)万t/a,其中火电厂占60.04%,钢铁厂占27.42%,水泥厂与合成氨厂分别占9.90%与2.64%;火电厂在江苏南部的苏州、无锡、常州、南京、镇江地区以及长江沿岸分布较密集;水泥熟料生产主要集中在南京、镇江、无锡、常州、徐州,它们的水泥产能之和占全省的85.94%;目前所统计的169个火电厂中,燃气发电装机容量达2804.2万kW,占火电装机容量的26.55%,每年减少煤炭使用3.36×103万t,减少CO_(2)排放5.42×10^(3)万t。

抑制HMGB1/STAT3轴活性对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响

目的研究抑制高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)/信号转导及转录激活因子3(STAT3)轴活性对大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的影响。方法建立大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤的体内和体外模型,SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、甘草酸组和NSC74859组,每组6只。假手术组不结扎,假手术组和模型组不给药,甘草酸组和NSC74859组大鼠在缺血/再灌注前12 h 30 min和缺血后30 min分别尾静脉注射HMGB1拮抗剂甘草酸或STAT3抑制剂NSC748595 mg/kg。采用超声心动图评价心功能指标左心室缩短分数(FS)和左心室射血分数(EF),采用苏木精-伊红(HE)染色和TUNEL染色评估心肌细胞的凋亡,采用实时荧光定量PCR反应和Western Blot法检测HMGB1、STAT3和磷酸化STAT3(p-STAT3)的表达水平。MTS法测定H9C2细胞活力,通过细胞内腺苷三磷酸(ATP)含量测定和流式细胞术检测H9C2细胞的线粒体膜电位评估心肌细胞的存活。采用免疫沉淀法研究HMGB1/STAT3的作用方式。采用免疫染色法检测HMGB1/STAT3在细胞核和细胞质中的表达和迁移情况。结果抑制HMGB1或STAT3的表达后,大鼠EF和FS均升高,心肌细胞免疫浸润和凋亡下降;抑制HMGB1表达可降低STAT3的表达,但抑制STAT3表达不影响HMGB1的表达。缺氧导致HMGB1、p-STAT3表达升高,STAT3表达降低,在缺氧8 h时,STAT3表达水平突然升高。复氧后HMGB1、STAT3表达降低,p-STAT3表达升高,但p-STAT3(Ser 727)未参与该过程。缺血再灌注损伤后,HMGB1和STAT3在心肌细胞中牢固结合,但抑制STAT3或HMGB1会减弱这种结合。抑制HMGB1或STAT3表达可减轻心肌缺血再灌注损伤。缺氧后再复氧心肌细胞HMGB1表达增加,HMGB1从细胞核向细胞质迁移。结论抑制HMGB1/STAT3轴活性可有效降低大鼠心肌缺血再灌注损伤。