The WRKY proteins constitute a large family of transcription factors in plants containing highly conserved WRKYGQK sequences and zinc-finger-like motifs. To comprehensively study WRKY III genes in cotton, we analyzed ...The WRKY proteins constitute a large family of transcription factors in plants containing highly conserved WRKYGQK sequences and zinc-finger-like motifs. To comprehensively study WRKY III genes in cotton, we analyzed the genome sequences of Gossypium hirsutum, G. raimondii and G. arboreum. According to the three genome sequences, 18 group III Gh WRKY genes were identified in G. hirsutum, 12 both in G. raimondii and G. arboreum. Phylogenetic and motif analysis showed that proteins with high similarities could be clustered together and had the same motif components. The ratios of non-synonymous（Ka） to synonymous（Ks） of the Gh WRKY to Gr WRKY or Ga WRKY were lower than 1, which indicated that group III WRKY genes in Gossypium species are under purifying selection. Expression analysis revealed that group III Gh WRKY genes expressed during fiber development and leaf senescence, and most of them could be induced by salicylic acid（SA）, jasmonic acid（JA）, ethylene, abscisic acid（ABA）, mannitol, and Na Cl both in roots and cotyledons. Our study gives a briefly introduction on cotton group III WRKY genes and implicates their potential function in cotton fiber development, leaf senescence and abiotic stresses.展开更多
Aim To synthesize a new water-soluble Na 2(C15H8O5)(SO3) 2 and determine its structure.Method The new water-soluble apigenin sulfonated derivative was synthesized by sulfonation with concentrated sulfuric acid at 40℃...Aim To synthesize a new water-soluble Na 2(C15H8O5)(SO3) 2 and determine its structure.Method The new water-soluble apigenin sulfonated derivative was synthesized by sulfonation with concentrated sulfuric acid at 40℃for half an hour and the products were obtained in ethanol-water(V∶V =1∶1).The structure of the product was identified by IR,NMR spectrum and elemental analysis.Results and Conclusion After highly selective introduced two - SO 3 groups at C3′and C6of the substrate,the new water-soluble apigenin sulfonated derivative,sodium 5,7,4 '-trihydroxyflavone-6,3′-sulfonate was obtained in good yield(78%) at moderate conditions.This method is an ideal synthesis way because of its simple operation,mild reaction conditions,high selectivity,easy separation of the product and higher yield.展开更多
基金the National High-Tech R&D Program of China(2013AA102601)for the financial support provided to this project
文摘The WRKY proteins constitute a large family of transcription factors in plants containing highly conserved WRKYGQK sequences and zinc-finger-like motifs. To comprehensively study WRKY III genes in cotton, we analyzed the genome sequences of Gossypium hirsutum, G. raimondii and G. arboreum. According to the three genome sequences, 18 group III Gh WRKY genes were identified in G. hirsutum, 12 both in G. raimondii and G. arboreum. Phylogenetic and motif analysis showed that proteins with high similarities could be clustered together and had the same motif components. The ratios of non-synonymous（Ka） to synonymous（Ks） of the Gh WRKY to Gr WRKY or Ga WRKY were lower than 1, which indicated that group III WRKY genes in Gossypium species are under purifying selection. Expression analysis revealed that group III Gh WRKY genes expressed during fiber development and leaf senescence, and most of them could be induced by salicylic acid（SA）, jasmonic acid（JA）, ethylene, abscisic acid（ABA）, mannitol, and Na Cl both in roots and cotyledons. Our study gives a briefly introduction on cotton group III WRKY genes and implicates their potential function in cotton fiber development, leaf senescence and abiotic stresses.
文摘Aim To synthesize a new water-soluble Na 2(C15H8O5)(SO3) 2 and determine its structure.Method The new water-soluble apigenin sulfonated derivative was synthesized by sulfonation with concentrated sulfuric acid at 40℃for half an hour and the products were obtained in ethanol-water(V∶V =1∶1).The structure of the product was identified by IR,NMR spectrum and elemental analysis.Results and Conclusion After highly selective introduced two - SO 3 groups at C3′and C6of the substrate,the new water-soluble apigenin sulfonated derivative,sodium 5,7,4 '-trihydroxyflavone-6,3′-sulfonate was obtained in good yield(78%) at moderate conditions.This method is an ideal synthesis way because of its simple operation,mild reaction conditions,high selectivity,easy separation of the product and higher yield.
