Nudix hydrolases are widely distributed across all classes of organisms and provide the potential capacity to hydrolyze a wide range of organic pyrophosphates. Although Nudix hydrolases are involved in plant detoxific...Nudix hydrolases are widely distributed across all classes of organisms and provide the potential capacity to hydrolyze a wide range of organic pyrophosphates. Although Nudix hydrolases are involved in plant detoxification processes in response to abiotic and biotic stresses, the biological functions of Nudix hydrolases remain largely unclear in grapevine.In the present study, a total of 25 putative grapevine Nudix hydrolases(VvNUDXs) were identified by bioinformatics analysis and classified into eight subfamilies based to their preferred substrates. Both tandem and segmental duplications were responsible for the evolution and expansion of the NUDX gene family in grapevine. To investigate the regulatory roles of VvNUDX genes during growth and development, as well as in response to abiotic and biotic stresses in grapevine, the expression patterns were revealed in publicly available microarray data. The spatial and temporal expression patterns of the VvNUDX genes indicated that they might play important roles in multiple developmental processes. Transcriptome and qRT-PCR analyses showed that ten VvNUDX genes were specifically expressed in grapevine berries, suggesting potential roles in grapevine berry development. Expression and phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that VvNUDX1 and VvNUDX3 might be involved in terpenoid biosynthesis in grapevine. Furthermore,most VvNUDX genes active toward the ADP-ribose/NADH showed different patterns in response to various abiotic and biotic stresses, such as salinity and drought, as well as different types of biotic treatments, such as Erysiphe necator,Bois Noir phytoplasma and leaf-roll-associated virus-3(GLRaV-3). These results indicated that VvNUDX genes were associated with plant detoxification processes in response to abiotic and biotic stresses, and regulate the disease immunity and resistance pathways. The information obtained here may provide good opportunities to explore the physiological functions of VvNUDX genes in berry development and stress response networks in grapevine.展开更多
肥厚型心肌病(hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,HCM)是临床常见的慢性和危及生命的遗传性心肌病[1]。目前认为HCM的患病率至少为1/200[2],通过临床症状、心电图、心脏超声、心脏磁共振(cardiac magnetic resonance,CMR)、心肌活检或基因检...肥厚型心肌病(hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,HCM)是临床常见的慢性和危及生命的遗传性心肌病[1]。目前认为HCM的患病率至少为1/200[2],通过临床症状、心电图、心脏超声、心脏磁共振(cardiac magnetic resonance,CMR)、心肌活检或基因检测等检查来综合诊断[3]。CMR成像由于其无创性和多功能性在评估心脏结构和功能方面被广泛接受[4],但CMR无法区分HCM和高血压性心脏病,或扩张性心肌病和运动员心脏重塑[5]。展开更多
为探究葡萄伤流期树液流动的变化规律,对白罗莎里奥葡萄伤流期的树液流动变化进行统计,分析伤流与日变化、温度、湿度、枝条长短等的相关性,研究伤流对葡萄树体的影响,并对藤稔葡萄进行树体不同部位流量关系的研究。结果表明,白罗莎里...为探究葡萄伤流期树液流动的变化规律,对白罗莎里奥葡萄伤流期的树液流动变化进行统计,分析伤流与日变化、温度、湿度、枝条长短等的相关性,研究伤流对葡萄树体的影响,并对藤稔葡萄进行树体不同部位流量关系的研究。结果表明,白罗莎里奥葡萄伤流总流量为380～540 m L,未愈合情况下,总时长为35～47 d,高峰期维持10 d左右,整体呈现先上升后下降的趋势;枝条长度对伤流量有一定的影响,长梢枝条流量稳定且处于主导地位,中梢枝条先停止伤流;伤流在各时间段的流量稳定且较为平均,伤流时期和总量对日分布影响较大,上午所占比例呈逐渐上升趋势,且前期白天流量高于晚上,后期相反。对不同类型枝条伤流观察和统计发现:枝条长短和树液流量有直接关系,长枝枝条流量大于短枝;枝条位置与树液流量并无明显关系,分枝的流量和大于主枝,并以此为基础绘制了流量关系图,为葡萄流体研究奠定基础。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFD100140502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC+3 种基金32002005 and 31801809)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M661866)the Breeding Plan of Shandong Provincial Qingchuang Research Team(2019)the High-level Scientific Research Foundation of Qingdao Agricultural University,China(665/1118011 and 665/1119002)。
文摘Nudix hydrolases are widely distributed across all classes of organisms and provide the potential capacity to hydrolyze a wide range of organic pyrophosphates. Although Nudix hydrolases are involved in plant detoxification processes in response to abiotic and biotic stresses, the biological functions of Nudix hydrolases remain largely unclear in grapevine.In the present study, a total of 25 putative grapevine Nudix hydrolases(VvNUDXs) were identified by bioinformatics analysis and classified into eight subfamilies based to their preferred substrates. Both tandem and segmental duplications were responsible for the evolution and expansion of the NUDX gene family in grapevine. To investigate the regulatory roles of VvNUDX genes during growth and development, as well as in response to abiotic and biotic stresses in grapevine, the expression patterns were revealed in publicly available microarray data. The spatial and temporal expression patterns of the VvNUDX genes indicated that they might play important roles in multiple developmental processes. Transcriptome and qRT-PCR analyses showed that ten VvNUDX genes were specifically expressed in grapevine berries, suggesting potential roles in grapevine berry development. Expression and phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that VvNUDX1 and VvNUDX3 might be involved in terpenoid biosynthesis in grapevine. Furthermore,most VvNUDX genes active toward the ADP-ribose/NADH showed different patterns in response to various abiotic and biotic stresses, such as salinity and drought, as well as different types of biotic treatments, such as Erysiphe necator,Bois Noir phytoplasma and leaf-roll-associated virus-3(GLRaV-3). These results indicated that VvNUDX genes were associated with plant detoxification processes in response to abiotic and biotic stresses, and regulate the disease immunity and resistance pathways. The information obtained here may provide good opportunities to explore the physiological functions of VvNUDX genes in berry development and stress response networks in grapevine.
文摘肥厚型心肌病(hypertrophic cardiomyopathy,HCM)是临床常见的慢性和危及生命的遗传性心肌病[1]。目前认为HCM的患病率至少为1/200[2],通过临床症状、心电图、心脏超声、心脏磁共振(cardiac magnetic resonance,CMR)、心肌活检或基因检测等检查来综合诊断[3]。CMR成像由于其无创性和多功能性在评估心脏结构和功能方面被广泛接受[4],但CMR无法区分HCM和高血压性心脏病,或扩张性心肌病和运动员心脏重塑[5]。
文摘为探究葡萄伤流期树液流动的变化规律,对白罗莎里奥葡萄伤流期的树液流动变化进行统计,分析伤流与日变化、温度、湿度、枝条长短等的相关性,研究伤流对葡萄树体的影响,并对藤稔葡萄进行树体不同部位流量关系的研究。结果表明,白罗莎里奥葡萄伤流总流量为380～540 m L,未愈合情况下,总时长为35～47 d,高峰期维持10 d左右,整体呈现先上升后下降的趋势;枝条长度对伤流量有一定的影响,长梢枝条流量稳定且处于主导地位,中梢枝条先停止伤流;伤流在各时间段的流量稳定且较为平均,伤流时期和总量对日分布影响较大,上午所占比例呈逐渐上升趋势,且前期白天流量高于晚上,后期相反。对不同类型枝条伤流观察和统计发现:枝条长短和树液流量有直接关系,长枝枝条流量大于短枝;枝条位置与树液流量并无明显关系,分枝的流量和大于主枝,并以此为基础绘制了流量关系图,为葡萄流体研究奠定基础。
