目的:了解玉屏风散治疗鼻炎的随机对照试验的现状,并进行质量评价。方法:自建库起截至2021年11月20日,在Cochrane Library、Embase、PubMed、Web of Science和CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP及SinoMed国内外文献数据库中检索获得纳入符合要求...目的:了解玉屏风散治疗鼻炎的随机对照试验的现状,并进行质量评价。方法:自建库起截至2021年11月20日,在Cochrane Library、Embase、PubMed、Web of Science和CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP及SinoMed国内外文献数据库中检索获得纳入符合要求的玉屏风散治疗鼻炎相关随机对照试验(RCT)并提取信息,采用Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具1.0版对纳入的RCT进行质量评估。结果:最终纳入文献42篇。干预组多为玉屏风散联合其他药物或手段进行治疗(33篇,78.6%),对照组多为常规西医治疗(39篇,92.9%)。纳入文献均未进行样本量估算,仅有28.6%(12篇)和35.7%(15篇)的文献提及随访时间与报告不良事件/反应情况,明确注明疗效判定依据的比例为85.7%(36篇)。42篇自报RCT中未提及随机化方法、分配隐匿、盲法及错误使用回顾性资料的比例分别为57.1%(24篇)、100.0%(42篇)、100.0%(42篇)及2.4%(1篇)。结论:玉屏风散治疗鼻炎的现有RCT质量整体较差,存在研究设计质量低下、报告撰写不规范、安全性重视缺乏、临床异质性显著等不足,亟需进行RCT或高质量真实世界研究的探索与积累。展开更多
目的:对现有使用乌鸡白凤丸的随机对照试验进行质量及内容评价,为相关研究设计和实施提供参考。方法:使用关键词“乌鸡白凤丸”和“随机”及其对应英文在中文数据库CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP、SinoMed以及英文数据库Web of Science、Pub...目的:对现有使用乌鸡白凤丸的随机对照试验进行质量及内容评价,为相关研究设计和实施提供参考。方法:使用关键词“乌鸡白凤丸”和“随机”及其对应英文在中文数据库CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP、SinoMed以及英文数据库Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library中检索,纳入符合要求的RCT,双人平行提取信息并使用Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具进行质量评估。结果:在检索到的1 292篇文献中,最终纳入46篇中文文献,其中6篇发表于核心期刊(14.0%),仅2篇(4.3%)研究声明有经费资助。提及具体随机方法、盲法的文献分别为13篇(28.3%)和3篇(6.5%),错误使用回顾性资料2篇(4.3%)。研究均未提及分配隐匿,也均未提供样本量估算依据。样本量不满足者有20篇。结论:围绕乌鸡白凤丸治疗开展的RCT较少,并且质量均较差,忽视随机方法、盲法、隐匿等关键因素的报告,甚至存在误用回顾性资料等方法学错误。如何确立科学有效的中医药临床疗效评价方法、完善药物重定位研究和超适应证用药管理制度,亟需药品监管部门、企业、期刊杂志及广大研究者和医药行业从事者的共同探索。展开更多
目的:对现有使用升降散治疗脓毒症的临床研究进行质量评价,为相关临床研究的设计和实施提供参考。方法:在Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CNKI、WanFang Data、SinoMed、VIP数据库中检索纳入符合要求的随机对照试验...目的:对现有使用升降散治疗脓毒症的临床研究进行质量评价,为相关临床研究的设计和实施提供参考。方法:在Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CNKI、WanFang Data、SinoMed、VIP数据库中检索纳入符合要求的随机对照试验(RCT),使用Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具进行质量评估,双人平行提取信息并评估质量。结果:检索到423篇文献,最终纳入25篇中文文献。10篇(40.0%)文献为硕士或博士学位论文,13篇(52.0%)文献声明有基金资助。研究选取的主要结局指标是急性生理与慢性健康评分(APACHEⅡ)、中医证候积分、有效率等。对照组为西医治疗,试验组在对照组基础上加服升降散。在25个自述RCT的研究中,未提及随机化过程、分配隐匿和未阐述盲法的文献比例为40.0%(10/25)、96.0%(24/25)、88.0%(22/25)。仅设置了一个对照组且结局为有效率的13项研究中,10篇(76.9%)样本量不足。只有11项(44.0%)研究关注了不良反应结局。结论:围绕升降散治疗脓毒症开展的临床研究较少且质量不高,反映出目前中医临床医生对方法学知识掌握不足,期刊对文章的方法学、安全性评估等方面要求低等问题。亟需政府、期刊、研究者共同努力,提高中医药研究质量。展开更多
To improve the hydrogen evolution rate in continuous hydrogen production of a fermentative hydrogen-producing bacteria strain B49 (AF481148 in EMBL), 4% immobilized cells by polyvinyl alcohol-boric acid method, with t...To improve the hydrogen evolution rate in continuous hydrogen production of a fermentative hydrogen-producing bacteria strain B49 (AF481148 in EMBL), 4% immobilized cells by polyvinyl alcohol-boric acid method, with the addition of a small amount of calcium alginate in a column reactor obtain hydrogen yield of 2.31 mol H2/mol glucose and hydrogen evolution rate of 1435.4 ml/L culture·h respectively at medium retention time of 2 h with a medium containing l0 g glucose/L. As the cell density in gel beads is increased to 8%, hydrogen yield and hydrogen evolution rate for l0 g glucose/L are 2.34 mol H2/mol glucose and 2912.4 ml/L culture · h respectively at medium retention time of 1 h, and for molasses wastewater COD of 7505.9 mg/L hydrogen production potential of 205.6 ml/g COD and hydrogen evolution rate of 2057.7 ml/L culture·h at hydraulic retention time of 0.75 h are observed. In the continuous culture pH value keeps around 3.9 by self regulation.展开更多
Expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor and bioaugmentation were employed to investigate biohydrogen production with molasses wastewater. The start-up experiments consisted of two stages. In the first stage (0 ...Expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor and bioaugmentation were employed to investigate biohydrogen production with molasses wastewater. The start-up experiments consisted of two stages. In the first stage (0 - 24d) seeded with activated sludge, the butyric acid type-fermentation formed when the initial expanding rate, organic loading rate (OLR), the initial redox potential (ORP) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) were 10%, 10.0 kg COD/(m^3·d), -215 mV and 6.7 h, respectively. At the beginning of the second stage on day 25, the novel hydrogen-producing fermentative bacterial strain B49 (AF481148 in EMBL) were inoculated into the reactor under the condition of OLR 16. 0 kg COD/(m^3·d), ORP and HRT about - 139 mV and 6.7 h, respectively, and then the reaction system transformed to ethanol-type fermentation gradually with the increase in OLR. When OLR, ORP and HRT were about 94.3 kg COD/(m^3·d), -250 mV and 1.7 h, respectively, the system achieved the maximum hydrogen-producing rate of 282.6 mL H2/L reactor·h and hydrogen percentage of 51% -53% in the biogas.展开更多
文摘目的:了解玉屏风散治疗鼻炎的随机对照试验的现状,并进行质量评价。方法:自建库起截至2021年11月20日,在Cochrane Library、Embase、PubMed、Web of Science和CNKI、WanFang Data、VIP及SinoMed国内外文献数据库中检索获得纳入符合要求的玉屏风散治疗鼻炎相关随机对照试验(RCT)并提取信息,采用Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具1.0版对纳入的RCT进行质量评估。结果:最终纳入文献42篇。干预组多为玉屏风散联合其他药物或手段进行治疗(33篇,78.6%),对照组多为常规西医治疗(39篇,92.9%)。纳入文献均未进行样本量估算,仅有28.6%(12篇)和35.7%(15篇)的文献提及随访时间与报告不良事件/反应情况,明确注明疗效判定依据的比例为85.7%(36篇)。42篇自报RCT中未提及随机化方法、分配隐匿、盲法及错误使用回顾性资料的比例分别为57.1%(24篇)、100.0%(42篇)、100.0%(42篇)及2.4%(1篇)。结论:玉屏风散治疗鼻炎的现有RCT质量整体较差,存在研究设计质量低下、报告撰写不规范、安全性重视缺乏、临床异质性显著等不足,亟需进行RCT或高质量真实世界研究的探索与积累。
文摘目的:对现有使用升降散治疗脓毒症的临床研究进行质量评价,为相关临床研究的设计和实施提供参考。方法:在Web of Science、PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CNKI、WanFang Data、SinoMed、VIP数据库中检索纳入符合要求的随机对照试验(RCT),使用Cochrane风险偏倚评估工具进行质量评估,双人平行提取信息并评估质量。结果:检索到423篇文献,最终纳入25篇中文文献。10篇(40.0%)文献为硕士或博士学位论文,13篇(52.0%)文献声明有基金资助。研究选取的主要结局指标是急性生理与慢性健康评分(APACHEⅡ)、中医证候积分、有效率等。对照组为西医治疗,试验组在对照组基础上加服升降散。在25个自述RCT的研究中,未提及随机化过程、分配隐匿和未阐述盲法的文献比例为40.0%(10/25)、96.0%(24/25)、88.0%(22/25)。仅设置了一个对照组且结局为有效率的13项研究中,10篇(76.9%)样本量不足。只有11项(44.0%)研究关注了不良反应结局。结论:围绕升降散治疗脓毒症开展的临床研究较少且质量不高,反映出目前中医临床医生对方法学知识掌握不足,期刊对文章的方法学、安全性评估等方面要求低等问题。亟需政府、期刊、研究者共同努力,提高中医药研究质量。
文摘To improve the hydrogen evolution rate in continuous hydrogen production of a fermentative hydrogen-producing bacteria strain B49 (AF481148 in EMBL), 4% immobilized cells by polyvinyl alcohol-boric acid method, with the addition of a small amount of calcium alginate in a column reactor obtain hydrogen yield of 2.31 mol H2/mol glucose and hydrogen evolution rate of 1435.4 ml/L culture·h respectively at medium retention time of 2 h with a medium containing l0 g glucose/L. As the cell density in gel beads is increased to 8%, hydrogen yield and hydrogen evolution rate for l0 g glucose/L are 2.34 mol H2/mol glucose and 2912.4 ml/L culture · h respectively at medium retention time of 1 h, and for molasses wastewater COD of 7505.9 mg/L hydrogen production potential of 205.6 ml/g COD and hydrogen evolution rate of 2057.7 ml/L culture·h at hydraulic retention time of 0.75 h are observed. In the continuous culture pH value keeps around 3.9 by self regulation.
文摘Expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactor and bioaugmentation were employed to investigate biohydrogen production with molasses wastewater. The start-up experiments consisted of two stages. In the first stage (0 - 24d) seeded with activated sludge, the butyric acid type-fermentation formed when the initial expanding rate, organic loading rate (OLR), the initial redox potential (ORP) and hydraulic retention time (HRT) were 10%, 10.0 kg COD/(m^3·d), -215 mV and 6.7 h, respectively. At the beginning of the second stage on day 25, the novel hydrogen-producing fermentative bacterial strain B49 (AF481148 in EMBL) were inoculated into the reactor under the condition of OLR 16. 0 kg COD/(m^3·d), ORP and HRT about - 139 mV and 6.7 h, respectively, and then the reaction system transformed to ethanol-type fermentation gradually with the increase in OLR. When OLR, ORP and HRT were about 94.3 kg COD/(m^3·d), -250 mV and 1.7 h, respectively, the system achieved the maximum hydrogen-producing rate of 282.6 mL H2/L reactor·h and hydrogen percentage of 51% -53% in the biogas.