LncRNAs are potentially involved in the immune interaction between small brown planthopper and rice stripe virus

Small brown planthopper(SBPH, Laodelphax striatellus Fallén) is an important vector of major crop pathogen rice stripe virus(RSV). Controlling SBPH population is an efficient approach to control RSV. Long non-coding RNAs(lnc RNA) have been reported to block virus replication in hosts. However, the function of lnc RNAs in RSV infection and replication is still unknown. Here, we aimed to study regulatory mechanisms of lnc RNA in an immune system during RSV infection. First, lnc RNA genes were predicted from SBPH transcriptomes using a bioinformatics pipeline based on characteristics of lnc RNA. We identified 4 786 lnc RNA genes corresponding to 5 790 transcripts in SBPH from an RNA-Seq dataset of 15 transcriptomes. Differential expression analysis indicated that 3, 11, and 25 lnc RNA genes were highly expressed in gut, salivary gland, and ovary, respectively, of viruliferous SBPH(Student’s t-test, P<0.05). We randomly selected eight lnc RNAs for expression validation using quantitative real-time PCR, confirming the differential expression of these lnc RNAs between viruliferous and non-viruliferous SBPH. In summary, we present evidence that the expression of lnc RNA genes was induced by RSV infection, suggesting that RSV might be involved in the antivirus immune system in SBPH and participate in regulating the RSV replication mechanism. These data provide helpful information for future investigations of the interaction between lncRNA and RSV.

A survey on the off-target effects of insecticidal double-stranded RNA targeting the Hvβ'COPI gene in the crop pest Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata through RNA-seq

The specificity of the double-stranded RNA(dsRNA) used in the RNA interference(RNAi) technique is crucial for the success of sequence-specific gene silencing. Currently, RNAi-mediated insect control is a trending research topic.However, the off-target effects of the dsRNA in RNAi are a major concern. In this study, the ds Hvβ’COPI(coat protein complex I, β’ subunit)-treated and untreated transcriptomes of the 28-spotted potato lady beetle(Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata) were compared to understand its off-target gene silencing effects. The RNA-seq results revealed that 63 and 44 differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were upregulated and downregulated, respectively, in the ds Hvβ’COPI treated group as compared with the control. Validation of the differential expressions of some selected DEGs via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR) analysis confirmed the reliability of the transcriptome analysis results. Further downstream analysis revealed that there were no genes homologous with Hvβ’COPI in H. vigintioctopunctata. Additionally,no genes with a >11 bp continuous match with ds Hvβ’COPI were found in the H. vigintioctopunctata transcriptome. Six genes(Hvcitron, Hvhelicase, Hvtransposase, Hvserine, Hvdynein, and Hv E3 ubiquitin) were selected to examine the offtarget activity of ds Hvβ’COPI based on their potential involvement in various H. vigintioctopunctata metabolic pathways.The severity of silencing these six off-target genes was evaluated by employing RNAi. The RNAi results confirmed the downregulation of the expression of all six genes, although there was no significant lethality. The findings of this study will be helpful in the risk analysis of future RNAi-mediated pest control experiments.

基于病症模型的经方四妙丸防治高尿酸血症痛风的药效物质探讨

目的探索经方四妙丸防治高尿酸血症痛风的药效物质。方法建立高尿酸血症药理模型,采用超高效液相色谱串联四极杆静电场轨道阱质谱联用技术(UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS)分析四妙丸体内外化学成分;以入血成分为基础,采用网络药理学构建四妙丸调控高尿酸血症痛风“活性成分-靶点-通路”网络;以关键活性成分与高尿酸血症痛风关键靶点尿酸生成酶(XDH),尿酸转运体(ABCG2、GLUT9、OAT1、URAT1)及炎症靶点(PTGS2、TLR2、TLR4)进行分子对接,根据对接结果进行实验验证,探讨四妙丸防治高尿酸血症痛风的关键药效物质。结果UPLC-Q-Exactive-MS法共鉴定四妙丸89个成分,包含74个入血成分,即候选成分;网络药理学构建了“入血成分-靶点-通路”网络,入血成分匹配116个高尿酸靶点和173痛风靶点,涉及调节糖脂代谢、氧化应激、炎症反应、ERK1、ERK2和MAPK级联反应、PI3K信号传导等生物过程;调节血脂与动脉粥样硬化、凋亡、AGE-RAGE、TNF、PI3K-Akt、MAPK、TLRs、JAK-STAT、NF-κB等信号通路,发挥多途径调控高尿酸血症痛风疾病网络的作用。分子对接研究表明小檗碱、黄柏碱、木兰花碱、药根碱、巴马汀、黄柏酮、柠檬苦素、苍术素、花旗松素、白术内酯Ⅲ及β-蜕皮甾酮等成分与尿酸合成酶、尿酸转运体及炎症靶点的亲和力良好,Western Blot验证发现花旗松素具有负调节尿酸盐转运蛋白1(URAT1)表达的作用,其是四妙丸防治高尿酸血症痛风的主要药效物质。结论该研究阐述了四妙丸调控高尿酸血症痛风的主要药效物质,可为四妙丸临床应用、质量评价和标准提升提供科学依据。

Researches on the Issue of High IPO Underpricing

Ever since the establishment of C hina's A- share market,whether in the bull or bear market,the IPO price almost surges on the first trading day,though the stock price fluctuates randomly. This phenomenon obviously contradicts Efficient M arket Hypothesis,indicating that IPO underpricing in C hina is severe. This paper investigates the causes for IPO underpricing and probes into the countermeasures for the phenomenon from several aspects such as government's regulation,capital markets,IPO bookbuilding mechanism and pricing mechanism,etc. The severe IPO underpricing is likely to cause massive speculation of newshares in the secondary market and increase volatility. Therefore,it is of great significance to make researches on the issue of high underpricing so as to ensure the sound development of the stock market.

Using transcriptome Shannon entropy to evaluate the off-target effects and safety of insecticidal siRNAs

A recent breakthrough in agricultural biotechnology is the introduction of RNAi-mediated strategies in pest control.However, the off-target effects of RNAi pest control are still not fully understood. Here, we studied the off-target effects of two insecticidal siRNAs in both target and non-target insects. The results revealed that off-target effects of insecticidal siRNAs occur widely in both target and non-target insects. We classified the expression-changed genes according to their homology to the siRNA-targeted gene, related KEGG pathways with the siRNA-targeted gene and continuous matches with siRNAs. Surprisingly, the unintended significant changes in gene expression levels did not strictly match with the number of contiguous nucleotides in the siRNAs. As expected, the expression of small portions of the homologous and KEGG-related genes were significantly changed. We calculated the Shannon entropy of the transcriptome profile of the insects after injecting them with insecticidal siRNAs. Though hundreds of genes were affected in their expression levels post siRNAtreatment, the Shannon entropy of the transcriptome remained unchanged, suggesting that the transcriptome expression was balanced. Our results provide evidence that siRNAs cross-reacted with individual genes in non-target species, but did not have significant effects on the integrity of the transcriptome profiles in either target or non-target species on a genomic scale. The metric we proposed can be used to estimate the off-target effects of insecticidal siRNAs, which might be useful for evaluating the safety of RNAi in pest control.

基于超快热电效应及自旋热电子学效应的THz波产生

飞秒激光泵浦光电导天线、磁性异质结构、电光晶体、空气等会产生太赫兹脉冲,其产生原理主要基于飞秒激发下载流子、电极化的瞬态变化等非热效应。与此同时,飞秒激光泵浦物质不可避免地会产生超快热效应。近年来,基于超快热电效应以及与自旋相关的超快自旋热电子学效应产生太赫兹波获得越来越多的关注。本文详细介绍了利用塞贝克效应/能斯特效应这两种热电效应,以及自旋塞贝克效应/反常能斯特效应这两种自旋热电子学效应产生太赫兹波的研究进展。超快热电效应及超快自旋热电子学效应已在太赫兹产生方面展现出巨大潜力,有望推动太赫兹源及相关技术的发展。

单轴压缩荷载作用下混凝土损伤破坏的细观力学分析

基于伸缩因子函数的变形方法和蒙特卡罗方法,建立了由骨料、砂浆和二者之间的界面过渡区构成的混凝土随机骨料模型。采用有限单元法对混凝土随机骨料模型的抗压强度、应力峰值、应力分布、损伤状态等力学性能进行了数值计算,从细观尺度上分析了混凝土的损伤破坏过程及裂缝形貌特征。结果表明:在单轴压缩荷载作用下,混凝土首先在薄弱区域的界面过渡区处发生拉应力和剪应力集中,产生初始损伤;然后损伤扩展至水泥砂浆,形成贯穿裂缝;最终,导致混凝土承载力失效。

Spatial and Temporal Variations of Daily Ranges of the Geomagnetic Vertical Component in the Chinese Mainland

In this paper, we use the daily ranges of the vertical magnetic intensity of approximately 76 geomagnetic stations from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2010 to analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of Z ranges. The results are summarized as follows: (1) Temporally, we use regressive analysis and FFT analysis to analyze the data. The results show that the Z component daily ranges of all stations have an obvious cyclical variation, the computed Fourier spectra of all data sets have clearly resolved the required periodicities in the data, in the form of distinct peaks at days 365, 183, 22, and 73, and the power spectra of day 365 is the highest in all periods. (2) In terms of spatial variation, the daily ranges show nonlinear variation with latitude in China. The results show the existence of a point of inflexion (maximal value point) nearby at about 25°N, the daily ranges of Z rise from 15°~25°N and have a good linear decrease variation along with 25°~50°N. (3) Compared with the spatial and temporal variations of Z daily ranges with the Sq current inversion, we found that the spatial and temporal characteristics of Z ranges are decided mainly by the spatio-temporal evolution of the Sq current system. (4) If the latitudes of the maximum amplitudes of variation of the vertical component in the geomagnetic quiet days are roughly taken as the latitudes corresponding to the foci of Sq overhead current system, we can see that these latitudes of foci become higher in summer, are lowest in winter and highest during Equinoxes, displaying conspicuous monthly and daily variations. For two successive geomagnetic quiet days, the latitudes of foci may vary ten degrees.

不同花生品种对花生镰孢菌根腐病及叶斑病田间抗性评价

为筛选抗花生镰孢菌根腐病兼抗叶斑病的花生品种,采用自然病圃鉴定法,于2021-2023年在山东省花生研究所莱西试验基地对50个国内常见花生品种进行抗花生镰孢菌根腐病和叶斑病的抗性鉴定试验。结果表明:不同花生品种对花生镰孢菌根腐病和叶斑病的抗性不同,经病情指数、相对抗病指数和分层聚类分析,划分为中抗、感病和高感3类,共获得10个中抗镰孢菌根腐病的花生材料,4个中抗叶斑病的花生材料,其中仅豫航花7号表现既中抗镰孢菌根腐病又中抗花生叶斑病。此外,发现小粒花生比大粒花生的中抗材料占比更高,高感材料却占比更少,表明小粒花生在抗镰孢菌根腐病和叶斑病方面更具优势。该研究为花生抗性品种选育、抗性机制的研究和花生病害的防治提供了依据。

北京先农坛建筑彩画颜料的光谱学研究

北京先农坛是明清时期皇家祭祀建筑的重要历史遗迹,是中华民族传统重农思想的传播载体,见证着中华文化源远流长。在自然和人为因素的长期影响下,先农坛建筑彩画出现了烟熏、剥落等多种病害,亟待保护。为了获取先农坛建筑彩画中的物质成分信息以支撑彩画的保护修复工作,应用便携式拉曼光谱仪、便携式X射线荧光(XRF)对先农坛具服殿中三幅具有代表性的建筑彩画进行无损分析,结合显微拉曼光谱、扫描电镜-能谱(SEM-EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)等方法对残片的分析,成功获得了绘制彩画所用颜料的主要成分。结果表明,三幅彩画的打底材料均含有碳酸钙,金龙图案表面有金箔留存。此外,在原始彩画中使用了朱砂、铅丹、铅白、氯铜矿和靛蓝等颜料;修复彩画中除上述朱砂、铅丹、铅白外,在金龙图案区域检测到了铅丹和雌黄的混用,且所用蓝色和绿色颜料分别为群青和巴黎绿,这与原始彩画中所使用的颜料不同;在重绘彩画中鉴别出多种近代合成颜料,如钛白、铬黄、苏丹红Ⅰ、酞菁绿、群青、亮红色β-萘酚等。根据颜料的使用情况结合史料记载,确定了三幅彩画的绘制时期分别为1754年、1860年以及1997年左右。由于缺乏对原始彩画中所用颜料的了解,导致后期修复的彩画所用颜料与原始彩画不同。该研究不仅有助于建筑彩画保存历史的判断,更为彩画的保护提供了可靠依据,对后续的保护和修复工作具有重要的指导意义。

金融市场摩擦与企业对外投资

利用我国全球投资跟踪数据,本文探讨了金融市场摩擦影响企业对外投资的作用方向和作用机制。理论建模与实证检验发现,金融市场摩擦会显著降低企业对外投资,且存在明显的行业异质性。具体而言,金融市场摩擦对金融、科技、化工和房地产行业的企业对外投资具有显著影响,而针对能源、农业、物流、冶金等行业企业的影响则不显著;此外,金融市场摩擦显著负向影响企业对中高收入和高收入国家的投资,而对低收入和中低收入国家没有显著影响,这种差异与企业和行业属性有着密切关系,且金融市场摩擦只对企业的非绿地投资有显著负向影响。基于因果中介分析方法的机制检验表明,金融市场摩擦通过影响企业外部融资溢价和抵质押约束进而影响企业对外投资,两者中介效应占总效应的比例分别为16.8%和36.3%。该研究可为企业对外投资合作高质量发展提供一定参考。

智能联接水平与高科技产品出口

智能联接是宽带、5G、云计算、物联网和人工智能的有机融合,有力推动着一国从数字化向智能化的转型升级。本文利用华为公司发布的智能联接指数,理论分析并实证检验了智能联接如何影响一国高科技产品出口这一核心问题。研究发现,一国的智能联接水平对其高科技产品的出口规模和出口占比都有显著促进作用。这种作用通过降低高科技出口企业的交易成本和提升制造业与服务业融合程度等渠道来实现。分组讨论发现,智能联接对起步者、领跑者和加速者的高科技产品出口规模和出口占比的促进作用依次减弱。智能联接可以显著提升互联网发展程度高的国家高科技产品出口占比和互联网发展程度低的国家高科技产品出口规模。随着分位数水平的上升,智能联接对高科技出口规模和出口占比的回归系数分别呈现“M”型和“倒U”型特征。多种稳健性检验和内生性讨论证实上述结论可靠。

316L不锈钢电解抛光的MATLAB图像定量分析

基于机器视觉的不锈钢表面无损检测方法正受到工业界关注并得到研究人员的探索与开发。本研究使用MATLAB对电解抛光的316L不锈钢表面金相图进行图像二值化处理,保留区域点蚀和过抛腐蚀区的黑色像素点和黑色区域,除去浅色划痕和不明显的凹凸区域。图像腐蚀处理选取半径为3个像素点的圆形结构元素为参数,去除图像噪声,增强图像黑色像素区域边界和对比度。选取图像的黑色像素占比和点蚀区域数量作为特征变量,并通过对特征变量进行测量和计数来评估抛光效果。在此基础上,借助MATLABGUI编程平台开发了一个基于图像定量分析过程的抛光效果评估程序,应用该程序可快速获得316L不锈钢电解抛光材料点蚀定量数据,使金相图片分析数值化,弥补主观判断的不足。该方法得到的结果与基于探针式粗糙度测量的优化结果一致。

立体定向脑核团毁损术治疗老年帕金森病的有效性及安全性

目的:探讨立体定向脑核团毁损术治疗老年帕金森病患者的有效性及安全性。方法:选取某医院44例老年原发性帕金森病患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和研究组,各22例。对照组采用多巴丝肼片治疗,研究组在对照组基础上进行立体定向脑核团毁损术治疗,6个月后评估治疗结果。比较两组治疗前后帕金森氏病综合评分量表(UPDRS)、自主神经症状量表(SCOPA-AUT)及Berg平衡量表(BBS)评分、神经功能相关指标因子水平和治疗后临床疗效,记录两组术后并发症发生情况。结果:与治疗前比较,治疗6个月后两组患者UPDRSⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ部分评分均降低,研究组低于对照组(P<0.05);研究组治疗后总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗6个月后两组SCOPA-AUT评分均下降,BBS评分均增加,且研究组优于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗6个月后两组血清BDNF水平均增加,S-100β、NSE水平均降低,且研究组优于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组术后出现构音障碍或语言含糊1例,谵妄1例,经相应的康复后患者均顺利出院。结论:立体定向脑核团毁损术可以改善高龄帕金森病患者神经功能,提高患者术后日常生活能力及运动功能,效果好,安全性高,可在老年帕金森病患者中推广使用。

Mechanical properties and energy evolution of Beishan shallow-layer granite under different unloading paths

Rock has mechanical characteristics and a fracture damage mechanism that are closely related to its loading history and loading path. The mechanical properties, fracture damage features, acoustic emission(AE) characteristics, and strain energy evolution of the Beishan shallow-layer granite used in triaxial unloading tests were investigated in this study. Three groups of triaxial tests, namely, conventional triaxial compression test(Group Ⅰ), maintaining deviatoric stress synchronously unloading confining pressure test(Group Ⅱ), and loading axial pressure synchronously unloading confining pressure test(Group Ⅲ), were carried out for the cylindrical granite specimens. AE monitoring device was utilized in these tests to determine the degree to which the AE waves and AE events reflected the degree of rock damage. In addition, the crack stress thresholds of the specimens were determined by volumetric strain method and AE parameter method, and strain energy evolution of the rock was explored in different damage stages. The results show that the shallow-layer granite experiences brittle failure during the triaxial loading test and unloading test, and the rock has a greater damage degree during the unloading test. The crack stress thresholds of these samples vary greatly between tests, but the threshold ratios of all samples are similar in the same crack damage stage. The Mogi-Coulomb strength criterion can better describe the unloading failure strength of the rock. The evolution of the AE parameter characteristics and strain energy differs between the specimens used in different stress path tests. The dissipative strain energy is the largest in Group Ⅱ and the smallest in Group Ⅰ.

黔产剑叶凤尾蕨的化学成分研究

为研究剑叶凤尾蕨(Pteris ensiformis)的化学成分,该研究选用硅胶、凝胶、MCI、C_(18)等柱色谱进行分离纯化,结合1H-NMR、13C-NMR、MS、IR等波谱数据鉴定化合物结构,并通过MTS和APTT、PT以及TT等方法对所分离得到的部分单体化合物进行抗肿瘤和抗凝血活性筛选。结果表明:(1)从剑叶凤尾蕨中分离得到15个化合物,分别为2-羟基-乙酰基吡咯(1)、N-(3-羧丙基)-2-乙酰基吡咯(2)、3-羟基-2-甲基吡啶(3)、N-甲基羟胺(4)、pterosin S 13-O-glucoside(5)、obtupterosin C(6)、ent-11α-hydroxy-15-oxokauran-19-oic acid(7)、ent-11α-hydroxy-15-oxokaur-16-en-19-oic acid(8)、β-谷甾醇(9)、ent-11α-hydroxy-15-oxokaur-16-en-19-oic acid-O-glucopyranoside(10)、5,5′-二丁氧基-2,2′-双环呋喃(11)、5,5′-二(2-乙基-己氧基)-2,2′-双环呋喃(12)、黑麦草内酯(13)、丁二酸(14)、富马酸(15)。化合物1为新的吡咯生物碱类天然产物,化合物1-7、10-15为首次从剑叶凤尾蕨中分离得到,化合物1、3、4为首次从凤尾蕨属植物中分离得到。(2)活性测试结果表明,在浓度为40μmol·L^(-1)时,化合物1、2、3、5、6、10对肿瘤细胞HL-60、A549、SMMC-7721、MDA-MB-231及SW480的体外肿瘤生长有抑制作用;在样品浓度为2.0 mmol·L^(-1)时,化合物1、2、3、6对APTT有缩短作用,化合物1、5、6对PT有延长作用。该研究结果丰富了黔产剑叶凤尾蕨的化学成分,为抗肿瘤药物的研发提供了物质基础。

1993—2022年中国应急管理与公共安全研究特征与趋势——基于CiteSpace和VOSviewer知识图谱分析

随着社会的不断发展和进步,新的风险和安全隐患不断涌现,对公共安全构成威胁。因此,如何有效应对各类突发事件、保障公共安全成为亟待解决的问题。结合中国近年来在应急管理与公共安全方面的主要研究成果,通过CiteSpace和VOSviewer软件采用文献计量分析方法,以1993—2022年中国知网(CNKI)数据库文献为研究对象,从可视化时间线变迁视角出发,绘制了中国应急管理与公共安全交织发展的知识图谱,分析中国应急管理与公共安全研究特征与趋势。结果表明:既有研究多聚焦于事件回顾、技术研究、政策建议、体系构建等问题,缺乏对未来新趋势的探索和展望;而本研究聚焦于整个萌生到发展成熟的过程,该过程形成了由“被动应急”走向“总体安全”的演化链条;由此提出理论框架,要以“总体国家安全观”为指导思想,以“智慧应急”为依托,以“总体安全”为目标,增强对公共安全议题的深入剖析,完善应急管理模式和技术体系,在中国开展情景化、实践化、能力化的应急实践,从而保障人民生命和财产安全,维护社会稳定和经济发展。

吡啶基咪唑衍生物合成及其在有机可焊保护剂中的应用

[目的]咪唑及其衍生物的水溶性较差,制备的有机可焊保护剂(OSP)不稳定,易出现浑浊或析出固体物质。[方法]以3,5-二氯吡啶-4-甲醛与1-苯基-1,2-丙二酮为原料,合成了2-(2,6-二氯-4-吡啶基)-4-苯基-5-甲基咪唑(DPN),将其用作OSP的主成膜物。使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)、核磁共振仪(NMR)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)表征其结构。通过浸泡腐蚀、电化学分析、热重分析、回流焊测试、边缘浸焊测试等手段对DPN成膜之后的耐蚀性、耐热性和焊接性进行了研究。[结果]制备的DPN水溶性良好,对提高OSP的稳定性有利。DPN在铜表面的有效吸附和成膜能够很好地保护铜面不被腐蚀,赋予铜面优良的耐热性和可焊性。[结论]DPN可用作印制电路板有机可焊保护剂的主成膜物。

304不锈钢电铸镍层厚度均匀性研究

为解决由于电流密度分布不均导致的电铸镍片厚度不均匀性问题,研究了电铸工艺参数和阴极挂具结构对改善镍片厚度均匀性和电铸结瘤状况的影响。结果表明,当电流密度为11 A·dm^(-2)、阳极长度为3.5 cm、极间距为2.5 cm、温度为45℃时,镍片厚度均匀性最好。此时厚度平均值为0.484 mm,极差和均方差分别为0.157 mm和0.044 mm。在最佳工艺参数下,改善挂具和设计阴极遮蔽,解决了接触点厚度薄的问题,结瘤缓解,电铸时间由10 h缩至4 h,厚度极差和均方差分别降至0.116 mm和0.036 mm。实验确定的最佳工艺条件不仅提高了镍片厚度均匀性,电铸时间也缩短了60%,提升了阳极镍粒的利用率,节约了电铸成本。

超声引导下腰方肌阻滞对老年下腹部手术患者应激反应及炎症因子的影响

目的探讨超声引导下腰方肌阻滞对老年下腹部手术患者应激反应及炎症因子的影响。方法前瞻性收集2021年3月至2022年3月在浙江中医药大学附属金华中医院收治的行老年下腹部手术患者90例,按随机数字表法分为研究组和对照组,每组45例。两组患者均采用全凭静脉麻醉,研究组联合应用超声引导下腰方肌阻滞术(0.5%利多卡因30 m L+0.2%罗哌卡因20 m L+0.9%氯化钠溶液5 mL)后进行手术。比较两组患者手术前后应激反应指标[心率(HR)、舒张压(DBP)、收缩压(SBP)、心输出量(CO)]、炎症因子(IL-6、CRP、TNF-α)、静息和运动时视觉模拟评分法(VAS)、术后相关指标、术后3 d不良反应发生情况。结果研究组术后24、72 h的IL-6、CRP、TNF-α水平及HR、DBP、SBP、CO均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。研究组患者静息和运动时VAS评分均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。与对照组比较,研究组术后排气时间、术后初次走路时长变化水平均降低,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。研究组不良反应总发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论应用超声引导下腰方肌阻滞能够有效改善老年下腹部手术患者术后疼痛感,调节应激反应,降低炎症因子的水平,安全性较高。