【目的】研究贵州省茶棍蓟马不同地理种群间的遗传多样性,为掌握贵州省茶棍蓟马的遗传动态和扩散规律及制定防控措施提供理论依据。【方法】以贵州省11个不同地理区域的茶棍蓟马种群mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列为靶标,利用MEGA 6....【目的】研究贵州省茶棍蓟马不同地理种群间的遗传多样性,为掌握贵州省茶棍蓟马的遗传动态和扩散规律及制定防控措施提供理论依据。【方法】以贵州省11个不同地理区域的茶棍蓟马种群mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列为靶标,利用MEGA 6.0、DnaSP 5.10、Arlequin 3.5.2.2和Network 2.0等软件对种群遗传分化、基因流水平、分子变异及种群遗传多样性等进行分析。【结果】基于mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因分析时,分别检测到11种和9种单倍型,各地理种群的单倍型多样度(Hd)较高,分别为0.609和0.633;总体遗传固定指数(FST)分别为0.11902和0.09052,基因流(Nm)分别为2.00和2.51,表明贵州省茶棍蓟马各地理种群间的基因交流水平较高,种群间遗传分化较小。mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列的单倍型网状树分析均无明显分支;种群间的分子变异(AMOVA)分析结果表明,茶棍蓟马的遗传变异主要来自种群内部。总群体的中性检验Fu’s Fs不显著(P>0.05),且错配分布曲线呈现多峰,说明贵州省茶棍蓟马种群在较近的历史时期内保持相对稳定,未经历明显的种群扩张,或处于临界状态。【结论】贵州省茶棍蓟马种群遗传多样性较丰富,虽然尚未形成明显的种群扩张,但可能已处于临界状态,应积极采取综合防控措施,力争将茶棍蓟马种群数量控制在危害水平以下,以保证贵州省茶产业生产健康可持续发展。展开更多
To improve the processing quality of potatoes,phosphate buffer extract(PBE),50%ethanol(E50),and aqueous extract(AE)of tartary buckwheat seedlings were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the enzymatic browning of p...To improve the processing quality of potatoes,phosphate buffer extract(PBE),50%ethanol(E50),and aqueous extract(AE)of tartary buckwheat seedlings were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the enzymatic browning of potatoes.The results suggest that all extracts of tartary buckwheat seedlings exert significant inhibitory effects on the polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activity in potatoes.The relative concentrations required for a 50%reduction in the PPO activity(IC50)were 0.21,0.28 and 0.41 mg mL^-1,for PBE,E50 and AE,respectively.The strongest inhibitory activity was observed for PBE,followed by E50 and AE.Four flavone compounds in the PBE of tartary buckwheat seedlings(i.e.,rutin,kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,quercetin,and kaempferol)were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography.These compounds were subsequently evaluated for their roles in the inhibition of PPO from potatoes using a model system.The results indicated that rutin exhibited the highest inhibition rate on the PPO of potato.A synergistic inhibitory effect was observed by mixing rutin,kaempferol-3-Orutinoside,quercetin,and proteins.The inhibitory patterns of rutin,kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,and quercetin on the enzyme were noncompetitive and reversible,with inhibitory constants of 0.12,0.31,and 0.40 mg mL^-1,respectively.Flavonoids from tartary buckwheat seedlings may exhibit a common mechanism with phenolic compounds,involving the blockage of the reaction of oxygen with PPO leading to the inhibition of the enzymes involved in browning.Based on these results,extracts of tartary buckwheat seedlings can be used as potent natural inhibitors.展开更多
文摘【目的】研究贵州省茶棍蓟马不同地理种群间的遗传多样性,为掌握贵州省茶棍蓟马的遗传动态和扩散规律及制定防控措施提供理论依据。【方法】以贵州省11个不同地理区域的茶棍蓟马种群mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列为靶标,利用MEGA 6.0、DnaSP 5.10、Arlequin 3.5.2.2和Network 2.0等软件对种群遗传分化、基因流水平、分子变异及种群遗传多样性等进行分析。【结果】基于mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因分析时,分别检测到11种和9种单倍型,各地理种群的单倍型多样度(Hd)较高,分别为0.609和0.633;总体遗传固定指数(FST)分别为0.11902和0.09052,基因流(Nm)分别为2.00和2.51,表明贵州省茶棍蓟马各地理种群间的基因交流水平较高,种群间遗传分化较小。mtDNA CO Ⅰ和mtDNA CO Ⅱ基因序列的单倍型网状树分析均无明显分支;种群间的分子变异(AMOVA)分析结果表明,茶棍蓟马的遗传变异主要来自种群内部。总群体的中性检验Fu’s Fs不显著(P>0.05),且错配分布曲线呈现多峰,说明贵州省茶棍蓟马种群在较近的历史时期内保持相对稳定,未经历明显的种群扩张,或处于临界状态。【结论】贵州省茶棍蓟马种群遗传多样性较丰富,虽然尚未形成明显的种群扩张,但可能已处于临界状态,应积极采取综合防控措施,力争将茶棍蓟马种群数量控制在危害水平以下,以保证贵州省茶产业生产健康可持续发展。
基金Food Processing Institute of the Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Potato Engineering Research Center of Guizhou Province, China for the financial supportsupported by the PhD Programs Foundation of Guizhou Province ([2017]1180)+1 种基金the Youth Fund from Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Science, China ([2017]026)the Scientific and Technical Support Programs of Guizhou Province, China ([2017]2543)
文摘To improve the processing quality of potatoes,phosphate buffer extract(PBE),50%ethanol(E50),and aqueous extract(AE)of tartary buckwheat seedlings were evaluated for their ability to inhibit the enzymatic browning of potatoes.The results suggest that all extracts of tartary buckwheat seedlings exert significant inhibitory effects on the polyphenol oxidase(PPO)activity in potatoes.The relative concentrations required for a 50%reduction in the PPO activity(IC50)were 0.21,0.28 and 0.41 mg mL^-1,for PBE,E50 and AE,respectively.The strongest inhibitory activity was observed for PBE,followed by E50 and AE.Four flavone compounds in the PBE of tartary buckwheat seedlings(i.e.,rutin,kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,quercetin,and kaempferol)were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography.These compounds were subsequently evaluated for their roles in the inhibition of PPO from potatoes using a model system.The results indicated that rutin exhibited the highest inhibition rate on the PPO of potato.A synergistic inhibitory effect was observed by mixing rutin,kaempferol-3-Orutinoside,quercetin,and proteins.The inhibitory patterns of rutin,kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside,and quercetin on the enzyme were noncompetitive and reversible,with inhibitory constants of 0.12,0.31,and 0.40 mg mL^-1,respectively.Flavonoids from tartary buckwheat seedlings may exhibit a common mechanism with phenolic compounds,involving the blockage of the reaction of oxygen with PPO leading to the inhibition of the enzymes involved in browning.Based on these results,extracts of tartary buckwheat seedlings can be used as potent natural inhibitors.
