产品族的平台化设计可以提高零部件的通用率,降低生产成本。但是目前关于平台化的研究主要集中在参数化设计层面,缺少直接对产品拓扑结构进行平台化设计的方法。为此,本文面向车身结构的平台化设计需求提出了一种适用于多对象拓扑结构...产品族的平台化设计可以提高零部件的通用率,降低生产成本。但是目前关于平台化的研究主要集中在参数化设计层面,缺少直接对产品拓扑结构进行平台化设计的方法。为此,本文面向车身结构的平台化设计需求提出了一种适用于多对象拓扑结构的并行设计方法。首先将改进图分解算法与多目标遗传算法结合得到单个车型拓扑结构划分的最优设计方案;其次基于车身拓扑结构模块化设计流程提出了一种面向多对象优化的多种群多染色体遗传算法(multi-population and multi-chromosome genetic algorithm,MPMCGA),该算法能够保证各对象的设计目标损失在允许范围内的同时,提升平台模块的共享潜力。最后通过对3款概念车身的底板结构进行平台化设计,验证了多对象离散拓扑优化方法的有效性。展开更多
Extreme heat events have serious effects on human daily life. Accurately capturing the dynamic variance of extreme high-temperature distributions in a timely manner is the basis for analyzing the potential impacts of ...Extreme heat events have serious effects on human daily life. Accurately capturing the dynamic variance of extreme high-temperature distributions in a timely manner is the basis for analyzing the potential impacts of extreme heat, thereby informing risk prevention strategies. This paper demonstrates the potential application of multiple source remote sensing data in mapping and monitoring the extreme heat events that occurred on Aug. 8, 2013 in Jiangsu Province, China. In combination with MODIS products, the thermal sharpening(Ts HARP) method and a binary linear model are compared to downscale the original daytime FengY un 2 F(FY-2 F) land surface temperature(LST) imagery, with a temporal resolution of 60 min, from 5 km to 1 km. Using the meteorological measurement data from Nanjing station as the reference, the research then estimates the instantaneous air temperature by using an iterative computation based on the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land(SEBAL), which is used to analyze the spatio-temporal air temperature variance. The results show that the root mean square error(RMSE) of the LST downscaled from the binary linear model is 1.30℃ compared to the synchronous MODIS LST, and on this basis the estimated air temperature has the RMSE of 1.78℃. The spatial and temporal distribution of air temperature variance at each geographical location from 06:30 to 18:30 can be accurately determined, and indicates that the high temperature gradually increases and expands from the city center. For the spatial distribution, the air temperature and the defined scorching temperature proportion index increase from northern to middle, to southern part of Jiangsu, and are slightly lower in the eastern area near the Yellow Sea. In terms of temporal characteristics, the percentage of area with air temperature above 37℃ in each city increase with time after 10:30 and reach the peak value at 14:30 or 15:30. Then, they decrease gradually, and the rising and falling trends become smaller from the southern cities to the northern regions. Moreover, there is a distinct positive relationship between the percentage of area above 37℃ and the population density. The above results show that the spatio-temporal distributions of heat waves and their influencing factors can be determined by combining multiple sources of remotely sensed image data.展开更多
文摘产品族的平台化设计可以提高零部件的通用率,降低生产成本。但是目前关于平台化的研究主要集中在参数化设计层面,缺少直接对产品拓扑结构进行平台化设计的方法。为此,本文面向车身结构的平台化设计需求提出了一种适用于多对象拓扑结构的并行设计方法。首先将改进图分解算法与多目标遗传算法结合得到单个车型拓扑结构划分的最优设计方案;其次基于车身拓扑结构模块化设计流程提出了一种面向多对象优化的多种群多染色体遗传算法(multi-population and multi-chromosome genetic algorithm,MPMCGA),该算法能够保证各对象的设计目标损失在允许范围内的同时,提升平台模块的共享潜力。最后通过对3款概念车身的底板结构进行平台化设计,验证了多对象离散拓扑优化方法的有效性。
基金Under the auspices of the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41571418,41401471)Qing Lan Projectthe Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
文摘Extreme heat events have serious effects on human daily life. Accurately capturing the dynamic variance of extreme high-temperature distributions in a timely manner is the basis for analyzing the potential impacts of extreme heat, thereby informing risk prevention strategies. This paper demonstrates the potential application of multiple source remote sensing data in mapping and monitoring the extreme heat events that occurred on Aug. 8, 2013 in Jiangsu Province, China. In combination with MODIS products, the thermal sharpening(Ts HARP) method and a binary linear model are compared to downscale the original daytime FengY un 2 F(FY-2 F) land surface temperature(LST) imagery, with a temporal resolution of 60 min, from 5 km to 1 km. Using the meteorological measurement data from Nanjing station as the reference, the research then estimates the instantaneous air temperature by using an iterative computation based on the Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land(SEBAL), which is used to analyze the spatio-temporal air temperature variance. The results show that the root mean square error(RMSE) of the LST downscaled from the binary linear model is 1.30℃ compared to the synchronous MODIS LST, and on this basis the estimated air temperature has the RMSE of 1.78℃. The spatial and temporal distribution of air temperature variance at each geographical location from 06:30 to 18:30 can be accurately determined, and indicates that the high temperature gradually increases and expands from the city center. For the spatial distribution, the air temperature and the defined scorching temperature proportion index increase from northern to middle, to southern part of Jiangsu, and are slightly lower in the eastern area near the Yellow Sea. In terms of temporal characteristics, the percentage of area with air temperature above 37℃ in each city increase with time after 10:30 and reach the peak value at 14:30 or 15:30. Then, they decrease gradually, and the rising and falling trends become smaller from the southern cities to the northern regions. Moreover, there is a distinct positive relationship between the percentage of area above 37℃ and the population density. The above results show that the spatio-temporal distributions of heat waves and their influencing factors can be determined by combining multiple sources of remotely sensed image data.
