目的:探讨接受奥沙利铂联合用药治疗的结直肠癌病人使用标准的止吐药物(5-羟色胺3受体拮抗剂+地塞米松)后出现化疗所致恶心、呕吐(chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting,CINV)的危险因素分析。方法:选取2020年1月—2020年6月我院...目的:探讨接受奥沙利铂联合用药治疗的结直肠癌病人使用标准的止吐药物(5-羟色胺3受体拮抗剂+地塞米松)后出现化疗所致恶心、呕吐(chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting,CINV)的危险因素分析。方法:选取2020年1月—2020年6月我院收治的339例结直肠癌化疗病人,所有病人均行含奥沙利铂联合用药化疗方案,并接受2种止吐药物。采用美国国立癌症研究所常见不良反应事件术语评价标准(national cancer institute′s common terminology criteria for adverse event,NCI-CTCAE)4.0版评估病人开始化疗后连续5 d的恶心、呕吐情况。结果:在化疗过程中恶心的发生率为35.7%,呕吐的发生率为26.0%。单因素分析结果显示,CINV与年龄、性别和吸烟有关(P<0.05),多因素分析表明低龄、女性和吸烟均是CINV的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:即使使用标准止吐药物,奥沙利铂引起CINV的发生率仍较高,对高危人群需要采取积极的管理措施以降低CINV的发生。展开更多
Heterogeneity of permeability in fractured media is a hot research topic in hydrogeology. Numerous approaches have been proposed to characterize heterogeneity in the last several decades. However, little attention has...Heterogeneity of permeability in fractured media is a hot research topic in hydrogeology. Numerous approaches have been proposed to characterize heterogeneity in the last several decades. However, little attention has been paid to correlate permeability heterogeneity with geological information. In the present study, several causes of permeability heterogeneity, that is, lithology, tectonism, and depth, are identified. The unit absorption values （denoted as ω）, which are results obtained from the packer test, are employed to represent permeability. The variability of permeability in sandstone-mudstone is so significant that the value of unit absorptions span 3-4 orders of magnitude at any depth with several test sections. By declustering, it has been found that under a similar tectonic history, the means of permeability differ greatly at different formations as a result of different mudrock contents. It has also been found that in the same formation, permeability can be significantly increased as a result of faulting. The well-known phenomenon, the decrease in permeability with depth, is found to be caused by the fractures in the rock mass, and the relationship between permeability and depth can be established in the form of logoω-logd. After subtracting the trend of ω with absolute depth, the mean of the residual value at each relative depth can be well correlated with the distribution of mudstone. The methods proposed in this paper can be utilized to research in similar study areas.展开更多
In this study, systematic physical model tests were performed to investigate the wave forces on the twin-plate breakwater under irregular waves. Based on the experimental results, the effects of the relative plate wid...In this study, systematic physical model tests were performed to investigate the wave forces on the twin-plate breakwater under irregular waves. Based on the experimental results, the effects of the relative plate width B/L,wave height Hs/D and incident angle θ0 on the wave forces were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that:(1) The envelopes of the total wave pressure were generally symmetrical along the direction of plate width under the incident angles(θ0) being 0°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°. In particular, the envelopes of wave pressure atθ0=30° were larger than all other cases.(2) The synchronous pressure distribution of the breakwater under oblique wave action was more complicated comparing to the normal incident waves.(3) Based on data analysis, an empirical formula was obtained to estimate the total vertical force of the twin-plate breakwater.This empirical formula can be a good reference for the design basis of engineering applications under specified wave conditions.展开更多
Contaminants that are floating on the surface of the ocean are subjected to the action of random waves.In the literature,it has been asserted by researchers that the random wave action will lead to a dispersion mechan...Contaminants that are floating on the surface of the ocean are subjected to the action of random waves.In the literature,it has been asserted by researchers that the random wave action will lead to a dispersion mechanism through the induced Stokes drift,and that this dispersion mechanism may have the same order of significance comparable with the others means due to tidal currents and wind.It is investigated whether or not surface floating substances will disperse in the random wave environment due to the induced Stokes drift.An analytical derivation is first performed to obtain the drift velocity under the random waves.From the analysis,it is shown that the drift velocity is a time-independent value that does not possess any fluctuation given a specific wave energy spectrum.Thus,the random wave drift by itself should not have a dispersive effect on the surface floating substances.Experiments were then conducted with small floating objects subjected to P-M spectral waves in a laboratory wave flume,and the experimental results reinforced the conclusion drawn.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨接受奥沙利铂联合用药治疗的结直肠癌病人使用标准的止吐药物(5-羟色胺3受体拮抗剂+地塞米松)后出现化疗所致恶心、呕吐(chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting,CINV)的危险因素分析。方法:选取2020年1月—2020年6月我院收治的339例结直肠癌化疗病人,所有病人均行含奥沙利铂联合用药化疗方案,并接受2种止吐药物。采用美国国立癌症研究所常见不良反应事件术语评价标准(national cancer institute′s common terminology criteria for adverse event,NCI-CTCAE)4.0版评估病人开始化疗后连续5 d的恶心、呕吐情况。结果:在化疗过程中恶心的发生率为35.7%,呕吐的发生率为26.0%。单因素分析结果显示,CINV与年龄、性别和吸烟有关(P<0.05),多因素分析表明低龄、女性和吸烟均是CINV的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:即使使用标准止吐药物,奥沙利铂引起CINV的发生率仍较高,对高危人群需要采取积极的管理措施以降低CINV的发生。
基金support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40528003 and 50639090)
文摘Heterogeneity of permeability in fractured media is a hot research topic in hydrogeology. Numerous approaches have been proposed to characterize heterogeneity in the last several decades. However, little attention has been paid to correlate permeability heterogeneity with geological information. In the present study, several causes of permeability heterogeneity, that is, lithology, tectonism, and depth, are identified. The unit absorption values （denoted as ω）, which are results obtained from the packer test, are employed to represent permeability. The variability of permeability in sandstone-mudstone is so significant that the value of unit absorptions span 3-4 orders of magnitude at any depth with several test sections. By declustering, it has been found that under a similar tectonic history, the means of permeability differ greatly at different formations as a result of different mudrock contents. It has also been found that in the same formation, permeability can be significantly increased as a result of faulting. The well-known phenomenon, the decrease in permeability with depth, is found to be caused by the fractures in the rock mass, and the relationship between permeability and depth can be established in the form of logoω-logd. After subtracting the trend of ω with absolute depth, the mean of the residual value at each relative depth can be well correlated with the distribution of mudstone. The methods proposed in this paper can be utilized to research in similar study areas.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China under contract Nos 51079025 and 11272079the Research Funds from State Key Laboratory of Coastal and Offshore Engineering under contract No.LY1602
文摘In this study, systematic physical model tests were performed to investigate the wave forces on the twin-plate breakwater under irregular waves. Based on the experimental results, the effects of the relative plate width B/L,wave height Hs/D and incident angle θ0 on the wave forces were analyzed and discussed. The results showed that:(1) The envelopes of the total wave pressure were generally symmetrical along the direction of plate width under the incident angles(θ0) being 0°, 15°, 30°, 45° and 60°. In particular, the envelopes of wave pressure atθ0=30° were larger than all other cases.(2) The synchronous pressure distribution of the breakwater under oblique wave action was more complicated comparing to the normal incident waves.(3) Based on data analysis, an empirical formula was obtained to estimate the total vertical force of the twin-plate breakwater.This empirical formula can be a good reference for the design basis of engineering applications under specified wave conditions.
基金The State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering Research Foundation of China under contract No.2015491311
文摘Contaminants that are floating on the surface of the ocean are subjected to the action of random waves.In the literature,it has been asserted by researchers that the random wave action will lead to a dispersion mechanism through the induced Stokes drift,and that this dispersion mechanism may have the same order of significance comparable with the others means due to tidal currents and wind.It is investigated whether or not surface floating substances will disperse in the random wave environment due to the induced Stokes drift.An analytical derivation is first performed to obtain the drift velocity under the random waves.From the analysis,it is shown that the drift velocity is a time-independent value that does not possess any fluctuation given a specific wave energy spectrum.Thus,the random wave drift by itself should not have a dispersive effect on the surface floating substances.Experiments were then conducted with small floating objects subjected to P-M spectral waves in a laboratory wave flume,and the experimental results reinforced the conclusion drawn.
