Progress on the application of graphene-based composites toward energetic materials:A review

Carbon material is an important additive in energetic materials.Graphene is a monolayer carbon material in which carbon atoms are arranged in two-dimensional honeycomb structure,who has special optical,electrical,and mechanical properties.Recently,the application of graphene-based composites in energetic materials has received extensive attention.This review mainly summarizes the applications of graphene and graphene-based nanomaterials in energetic materials.The effects of these materials on the thermal stability,sensitivity,mechanical property,ignition and combustion of energetic materials were discussed.Furthermore,the progress of functionalized modification of graphene has been summarized,including covalent bonding modification and doping modification.These studies show that graphenebased materials exhibit excellent performances and might emerge as promising candidate for energetic materials.

Impacts of acupressure treatment on depression:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Depression is recognized as a major public health problem with a substantial impact on individuals and society.Complementary therapies such as acupressure may be considered a safe and cost-effective treatment for people with depression.An increasing body of research has been undertaken to assess the effectiveness of acupressure in various populations with depression,but the evidence thus far is inconclusive.AIM To examine the efficacy of acupressure on depression.METHODS A systematic literature search was performed on PubMed,PsycINFO,Scopus,Embase,MEDLINE,and China National Knowledge(CNKI).Randomized clinical trials(RCTs)or single-group trials in which acupressure was compared with control methods or baseline in people with depression were included.Data were synthesized using a random-effects or a fixed-effects model to analyze the impacts of acupressure treatment on depression and anxiety in people with depression.The primary outcome measures were set for depression symptoms.Subgroups were created,and meta-regression analyses were performed to explore which factors are relevant to the greater or lesser effects of treating symptoms.RESULTS A total of 14 RCTs(1439 participants)were identified.Analysis of the betweengroup showed that acupressure was effective in reducing depression[Standardized mean differences(SMDs)=-0.58,95%CI:-0.85 to-0.32,P<0.0001]and anxiety(SMD=-0.67,95%Cl:-0.99 to-0.36,P<0.0001)in participants with mildto-moderate primary and secondary depression.Subgroup analyses suggested that acupressure significantly reduced depressive symptoms compared with different controlled conditions and in participants with different ages,clinical conditions,and duration of intervention.Adverse events,including hypotension,dizziness,palpitation,and headache,were reported in one study.CONCLUSION The evidence of acupressure for mild-to-moderate depressive symptoms was significant.Importantly,the findings should be interpreted with caution due to study limitations.Future research with a well-designed mixed method is required to consolidate the conclusion and provide an in-depth understanding of potential mechanisms underlying the effects.

Revealing the correlation between adsorption energy and activation energy to predict the catalytic activity of metal oxides for HMX using DFT

Traditional selection of combustion catalysis is time-consuming and labor-intensive.Theoretical calculation is expected to resolve this problem.The adsorption energy of HMX and O atoms on 13 metal oxides was calculated using DMol3,since HMX and O are key substances in decomposition process.And the relationship between the adsorption energy of HMX,O on metal oxides(TiO_(2),Al_(2)O_(3),PbO,CuO,Fe_(2)O_(3),Co_(3)O_(4),Bi_(2)O_(3),NiO)and experimental T30 values(time required for the decomposition depth of HMX to reach 30%)was depicted as volcano plot.Thus,the T30 values of other metal oxides was predicted based on their adsorption energy on volcano plot and validated by previous experimental data.Further,the adsorption energy of HMX on ZrO_(2)and MnO_(2)was predicted based on the linear relationship between surface energy and adsorption energy,and T30 values were estimated based on volcano plot.The apparent activation energy data of HMX/MgO,HMX/SnO_(2),HMX/ZrO_(2),and HMX/MnO_(2)obtained from DSC experiments are basically consistent with our predicted T30 values,indicating that it is feasible to predict the catalytic activity based on the adsorption calculation,and it is expected that these simple structural properties can predict adsorption energy to reduce the large quantities of computation and experiment cost.

Sustainable synthesis of high-density fuel via catalytic cascade cycloaddition reaction

The access to high-density hydrocarbon fuels from biomass for the reduction of dependence on fossil resources has been a research highlight in recent years. It is well known that cycloalkanes are the components of fuels with higher energy density than straight or branched alkanes. Herein, we developed a new catalytic pattern to synthesize dimethyltetradecahydroanthracenes(DMTHA), a kind of tricyclic alkane, from biomass-derived isoprene and p-benzoquinone via a cascade Diels-Alder reaction followed by a hydrodeoxygenation reaction. Vanadium supported on titanium dioxide(V-TiO_(2)) was applied to catalyze the cascade Diels-Alder reaction and it was disclosed that V with appropriate V^(4+)/V^(5+) ratio on the surface of TiO_(2) could activate quinones. Experimental tests showed that the heating value of final products was up to 45.7 MJ/kg. The development of new high-density fuel molecules is a long-term trend for the future renewable and sustainable fuel energy application.

Cognition and Motivation:Analysis of the Willingness of Potential Trustors in Land Trusteeship Based on the Survey and Research of Land Trusteeship Experiment in X Prefecture,Xinjiang

The problem of identifying and absorbing new demand subjects in the operation of land trusteeship in X Prefecture is prominent.Under the guidance of studying the willingness of farmers in X Prefecture to participate in land trusteeship,this paper makes statistical analysis and empirical analysis.Finally,it is concluded that the willingness of farmers to participate in land trusteeship is related to farmers'agricultural operation,farmers'awareness of land trusteeship and incentive factors related to government policies.The better the situation of farmers'agricultural operation,the lower their trusteeship willingness.Farmers'awareness of land trusteeship and policy-related incentive factors play a positive role in promoting their willingness.

Studies on developing a safe-management standard system for Chinese biosafety laboratories

Standardization management is one of the key prerequisites to guarantee the effective and safe functioning of high-level biosafety laboratories.Since the outbreak of SARS,increasing numbers of biosafety laboratory levels have been established in China.Therefore,creating a specialized and standardized management system for biosafety laboratories has become necessary and is a core concern.This paper describes the current status of Chinese standards for biosafety management and analyzes its relation to other laboratory biosafety standard systems in developed countries.Based on the analysis on developing a biosafety laboratory,a laboratory biosafety standard system framework was developed,and a policy environment for building the system was suggested with the aim of promoting the promulgation of specific biosafety standards and securing the effective functioning of high-level biosafety laboratories.

Microfluidics in cardiovascular disease research: state of the art and future outlook

Due to extremely severe morbidity and mortality worldwide,it is worth achieving a more in-depth and comprehensive understanding of cardiovascular diseases.Tremendous effort has been made to replicate the cardiovascular system and investigate the pathogenesis,diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.Microfluidics can be used as a versatile primary strategy to achieve a holistic picture of cardiovascular disease.Here,a brief review of the application of microfluidics in comprehensive cardiovascular disease research is presented,with specific discussions of the characteristics of microfluidics for investigating cardiovascular diseases integrally,including the study of pathogenetic mechanisms,the development of accurate diagnostic methods and the establishment of therapeutic treatments.Investigations of critical pathogenetic mechanisms for typical cardiovascular diseases by microfluidic-based organ-on-a-chip are categorized and reviewed,followed by a detailed summary of microfluidic-based accurate diagnostic methods.Microfluidic-assisted cardiovascular drug evaluation and screening as well as the fabrication of novel delivery vehicles are also reviewed.Finally,the challenges with and outlook on further advancing the use of microfluidics technology in cardiovascular disease research are highlighted and discussed.

Networking for training Level 3/4 biosafety laboratory staff

Worldwide,public health systems are continually challenged by emerging and re-emerging viruses.It is therefore important that high-containment labs coordinate and communicate globally to share their experiences and lessons to improve their capacity to respond to threats.The National Biosafety(Level 4)Laboratory in Wuhan,CAS,which is the first Level 4 biosafety laboratory(BSL-4)in China,has been certified recently and it is expected to play an important role in the prevention and control of highly infectious agents in future.Trained and experienced staff in such organizations is the most important factor contributing to safety and security.Therefore,it is imperative to develop a standard training program.Accordingly,in the present study,we developed an improved training program and assessment system based on policies and practices developed by BSL-3/4s in other countries.It included the following three components:(1)A flexible modularized theoretical training:This training comprised 14 modularized theoretical topics such that staffs with different backgrounds could take this theoretical training with different topic combinations according to their knowledge and skill levels;(2)A standardized practical training assessment:This comprehensive assessment,which could be used with biosafety laboratory staff before,during,and after training,included standard operation procedures to meet the special requirements of trainees with different scores;and(3)An applicable documentation system:A certification system was established to evaluate the ability of all staff working inside or outside the laboratory,implemented by a special committee.This certification was approved and authorized by the director of the laboratory and was classified into three grades with corresponding minimal requirements.Further,the present study examined the importance of and need for networking for training BSL-3/4 staff.The establishment of rigorous standards for training BSL-3/4 staff will instill confidence in the public,policy makers,and security officials.Additionally,the expanded international network of BSL-3/4s will continue to be operated safely and will pose no risk to scientific staff,local communities,surrounding environment,and host nations.The clarification and coordination of training standards will help develop a highly-qualified biocontainment workforce and will result in a series of programs that will enable scientists to develop measures to deal with existing threat agents and new diseases that emerge.

Novel Fluorescent Chemosensor for Detection of F- Anions Based on a Single Functionalized Pillar[5]arene Iron（Ⅲ） Complex

Novel fluorescent chemosensor with good selectivity for F- anion was designed and synthesized. The sensor has a bearing on a single functionalized pillar[5]arene and Fe3＋ metal complex （PN-Fe）, which showed prominent fluorescent response for F anion over other common anions （CF, Br-, V, AcO-, HSO4-, H2PO4-, C104-, CN- and SCN-）. These results were evaluated by fluorescent method. The detection limit of PN-Fe to F was calculated to be 2.50 ×10^-7 mol/L. Moreover, the sensor PN-Fe^3＋ might serve as a recyclable component in sensing materials.

青光眼模型中线粒体自噬与视网膜神经节细胞损伤的关系

视网膜神经节细胞进行性丢失及其轴突损害是青光眼视神经损伤的主要病理生理机制,目前尚未明确其具体的损伤通路。线粒体自噬是一种选择性清除受损和功能障碍线粒体的过程,在维持细胞稳态中起着重要作用。最新的研究表明,线粒体自噬参与青光眼视网膜神经节细胞损伤的发生发展过程。笔者总结了各类实验性青光眼模型中线粒体自噬的相关研究,发现线粒体自噬对视网膜神经节细胞具有一定保护作用。因此,线粒体自噬有望成为青光眼视神经保护的治疗靶点。