有多重中介的调节模型的检验及实证分析

在效应分析模型中,有时存在多个中介变量,因此推广了一种新模型---有多重中介的调节模型,该模型分为有多个并列中介的调节模型和有多步中介的调节模型。给出了该模型的形式,深入讨论了检验有多重中介的调节效应的方法,包括因果逐步回归法和Bootstrap方法。实证分析了大学生压力对负性情绪的影响,建立了压力通过两个中介变量:认知倾向、应对策略和一个调节变量:人际关系影响负性情绪的有两重中介的调节模型。

Evaluation of Two Momentum Control Variable Schemes and Their Impact on the Variational Assimilation of Radar Wind Data:Case Study of a Squall Line

Different choices of control variables in variational assimilation can bring about different influences on the analyzed atmospheric state. Based on the WRF model＇s three-dimensional variational assimilation system, this study compares the be- havior of two momentum control variable options-streamfunction velocity potential （ψ-χ） and horizontal wind components （U-V）-in radar wind data assimilation for a squall line case that occurred in Jiangsu Province on 24 August 2014. The wind increment from the single observation test shows that the ψ-χ control variable scheme produces negative increments in the neighborhood around the observation point because streamfunction and velocity potential preserve integrals of velocity. On the contrary, the U-V control variable scheme objectively reflects the information of the observation itself. Furthermore, radial velocity data from 17 Doppler radars in eastern China are assimilated. As compared to the impact of conventional observation, the assimilation of radar radial velocity based on the U-V control variable scheme significantly improves the mesoscale dynamic field in the initial condition. The enhanced low-level jet stream, water vapor convergence and low-level wind shear result in better squall line forecasting. However, the ψ-χ control variable scheme generates a discontinuous wind field and unrealistic convergence/divergence in the analyzed field, which lead to a degraded precipitation forecast.

Electroacupuncture promotes the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells and oligodendrocytes in the injured spinal cord of adult rats

A contusive model of spinal cord injury at spinal segment T8-9 was established in rats. Huantiao （GB30） and Huatuojiaji （Ex-B05） were punctured with needles, and endogenous neural stem cells were labeled with 5-bromo-2＇-deoxyuridine （BrdU） and NG2. Double immunofluorescence staining showed that electroacupuncture markedly increased the numbers of BrdU＋/NG2＋cells at spinal cord tissue 15 mm away from the injury center in the rostral and caudal directions. The results suggest that electroacupuncture promotes the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells and oligodendrocytes in rats with spinal cord injury.

Role of Tat-Mediated PDZ Peptide Delivery in Pain Therapy

Delivery of therapeutic peptides or proteins into tissues is severely limited by the size and biochemical properties of the molecules. Protein transduction domain (PTD)-mediated cargo transduction represents a novel and promising strategy to deliver biologically active peptides in vivo. The first PTD was identified from the HIV-1 transactivating transcriptional activator protein Tat in 1988. Since then, other PTDs have also been identified, including the third α-helix of the antennapedia homeotic transcription factor and synthetic peptide carriers. However, Tat PTD (amino acids 47 - 57) has shown markedly better ability for intracellular delivery than other PTDs. It has been demonstrated that fusion peptides containing the Tat PTD enter the central nervous system after systemic administration. Our previous study has shown that i.p. injected Tat-PSD-95 PDZ2 expresses in the central nervous system and significantly disrupts PDZ domain-mediated protein interactions between PSD-95 and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunit NR2A/2B, thereby alleviating chronic pain. Therefore, Tat-mediated intracellular delivery can be used for systemic administration of analgesics in pain management.

Genetic variants in the 6p21.3 region influence hepatitis B virus clearance and chronic hepatitis B risk in the Han Chinese population

Background and aim:A genome-wide association study has indicated the association of numerous genes in the 6p21.3 region with chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection.In this study,we screened 12 representative single-nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)from the 6p21.3 region and investigated their association with the risk of chronic hepatitis B(CHB)to better understand the molecular etiology un-derlying CHB risk in the Han Chinese population.Methods:Between March 2021 and November 2022,we included 183 patients with CHB(case group)and 196 with natural HBV clearance(control group).Allele typing of the selected SNPs was performed using snapshot technology.The correlation between the 12 chosen SNPs and the risk of chronic HBV infection was examined using binary logistic regression analysis.Interacting genes of the variants were identified,and expression quantitative trait loci(eQTL)were analyzed using the 3DSNP database.Results:We validated 12 previously reported CHB susceptibility sites,including rs1419881 of tran-scription factor 19(TCF19),rs3130542 and rs2853953 of human leukocyte antigen(HLA)-C,rs652888 of euchromatic histone-lysine-methyltransferase 2(EHMT2),rs2856718,rs9276370,rs7756516,and rs7453920 of HLA-DQ,rs378352 of HLA-DOA,and rs3077,rs9277535,and rs9366816 of HLA-DP.Logistic regression analyses revealed that polymorphisms such as rs9276370,rs7756516,rs7453920,rs3077,rs9277535,and rs9366816 were positively correlated with natural HBV clearance in the dominant model.Conversely,rs3130542 and rs378352 were identified as risk factors for CHB.Haplotype analysis revealed that rs9276370,rs7756516,and rs7453920 in HLA-DQ were TTG and GCA haplotypes.Although the TTG haplotype was positively correlated with a higher risk of CHB,the GCA haplotype significantly influenced the natural clearance of HBV.Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that rs378352,rs3077,and rs9366816 were located within enhancer states;rs3077 and rs9366816 overlapped with nine tran-scription factor-binding sites,whereas rs378352 altered five sequence motifs.Furthermore,eQTL analysis demonstrated the functional tendencies of eight statistically significant SNPs(rs3130542,rs9276370,rs7756516,rs7453920,rs378352,rs3077,rs9277535,and rs9366816).Conclusions:Genetic variations within the 6p21.3 region were associated with chronic HBV infection in the Han Chinese population in southern China.Furthermore,the GCA haplotype including rs9276370,rs7756516,and rs7453920 of HLA-DQ contributed significantly to natural HBV clearance,implying that multiple SNPs exert a cumulative allelic effect on HBV infection.

Novel lysosome-targeted anticancer fluorescent agents used in zebrafish and nude mouse tumour imaging

The design of three novel fatty nitrogen mustard-based anticancer agents with fluorophores incorporated into the alkene structure(CXL 118,CXL121,and CXL122)is described in this report.The results indicated that these compounds are selectively located in lysosomes and exhibit effective antitumour activity.Notably,these compounds can directly serve as both reporting and imaging agents in vitro and in vivo without the need to add other fluorescent tagging agents.