Measurement and Strategy Research on the Green Development Level for the New Energy Vehicle Industry in Chongqing City

This article takes 2016-2022 as the inspection period to construct an evaluation index system for the green development level of the new energy vehicle industry.The entropy method and comprehensive index are used to measure the green development level of the new energy vehicle industry in Chongqing,and compared with neighboring provinces such as Yunnan,Guizhou,and Sichuan.Policy recommendations are proposed to promote the development of the new energy vehicle industry in Chongqing City.

Optimizing the growth and N status of containerized Australian Blackwood(Acacia melanoxylon)seedlings with exponential nitrogen loading

Exponential nitrogen(N) loading approach has been used to optimize seedling growth in container seedling production. However, the response of seedling growth to N loading and optimal N loading rates are species-dependent. There is a lack of information on optimal N loading in container production of Australian Blackwood(Acacia melanoxylon) seedlings. In this study, 7 exponential N loading at rates of 0, 50, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 600 mg N seedling-1, respectively, were applied at the week 3, 6, 9, 12 and 14 after transplanting to determine optimal loading approach based on seedling height, root collar diameter(RCD), biomass accumulation and N uptake in tissue-cultured Australian Blackwood(A. melanoxylon) seedlings. Seedlings did not respond to N loading 3 wk after transplanting, then the accumulative addition of N loading for improved RCD and seedling height was 12.99 and 28.02 mg N seedlings-1 in the 100 N and 400 N treatment 6 wk after transplanting, respectively, and on 9 and 12 wk, that for improved seedling growth was 63.64 and 400 mg N seedling-1 in the 200 N and 400 N treatment, respectively. Vector diagnosis of final biomass and N status indicated that the dose of 100 and 400 mg N seedling-1 was characterized to be "deficient" and "optimum" dose of exponential N loading for Blackwood seedlings. These conclusions promise to figure out a precise fertilization regime for Blackwood seedlings and the demonstration of dynamic seedling performance could be used for other tree species.

肝硬化合并门静脉高压介入治疗前后血清PA、CHE、AFP水平变化及临床意义

目的探讨肝硬化合并门静脉高压介入治疗前后血清前白蛋白(PA)、胆碱酯酶(CHE)、甲胎蛋白(AFP)水平变化及临床意义。方法选取2017年2月~2018年12月四川大学华西医院收治的202例行介入治疗的肝硬化门静脉高压患者及200例健康体检者为研究对象,分别纳入肝硬化组及对照组。检测两组治疗前及肝硬化组治疗后血清PA、CHE、AFP水平及总胆红素(TBIL)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)等肝功能指标,分析血清PA、CHE、AFP水平对患者治疗效果及预后的预测价值。结果①与对照组比较,肝硬化组患者血清PA、CHE降低,AFP升高(P<0.05)。②与治疗前比较,治疗后肝硬化患者TBIL、ALT、AST等肝功能指标显著降低,血清PA、CHE水平升高,AFP降低(P<0.05)。③Pearson相关性分析显示,血清PA、CHE与TBIL、ALT、AST等肝功能指标呈负相关,血清AFP与肝功能指标呈正相关(均P<0.05)。④无效患者术前、术后PA、CHE水平显著低于有效患者,AFP显著高于有效患者(P<0.05);术前PA、CHE、AFP水平预测肝硬化门静脉高压患者治疗效果的曲线下面积为0.831、0.820、0.791,当截点值为92.61mg/L、2.97kU/L、7.44μg/L时约登指数最大。⑤以术后1年为随访终点,肝硬化组全因性死亡率为25.74%(52/202),死亡患者术前、术后血清PA、CHE水平显著低于存活者,AFP显著高于存活者(P<0.05)。Logistic多因素分析显示,在矫正其他因素后,术前血清PA、CHE、AFP水平是肝硬化门静脉高压患者预后的独立影响因素。结论肝硬化门静脉高压患者伴有血清PA、CHE的降低及AFP的升高,在介入治疗后各指标明显改善,这些指标可辅助用于预后的预测,为介入术后后续治疗提供重要参考依据。

MiR-224-5p靶向沉默前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9影响HepG2细胞脂质摄取与蓄积

目的探讨miR-224-5p对前蛋白转化酶枯草溶菌素9(PCSK9)表达及对HepG2细胞摄脂能力的影响。方法运用生物信息学方法对miR-224-5p基因位置、保守性、种子序列进行分析。在Targetscan、miRanda、miRDB、RNAhybrid等多个数据库分析miR-224-5p与PCSK9结合位点及结合自由能。双荧光素酶报告基因验证miR-224-5p与PCSK9 mRNA 3′UTR直接靶向结合。Western blot检测miR-224-5p模拟物和miR-224-5p抑制剂对PCSK9和低密度脂蛋白受体(LDLR)蛋白的影响。细胞免疫荧光直接观察细胞膜上的LDLR。油红O染色和DiI-LDL分别观察miR-224-5p对HepG2细胞脂滴含量和脂质摄取能力的影响。结果生物信息学分析发现人的miR-224-5p基因定位于Xq28,不同物种间高度保守。miR-224-5p与PCSK9 mRNA 3′UTR存在靶向结合的基础,结合自由能较低。双荧光素酶报告基因显示,miR-224-5p模拟物能抑制PCSK9-WT 3′UTR荧光素酶活性,而对PCSK9-Mut 3′UTR没有抑制作用,表明PCSK9 mRNA 3′UTR是miR-224-5p的靶点。进一步实验发现miR-224-5p模拟物能够明显抑制PCSK9蛋白表达,增加LDLR蛋白含量。miR-224-5p下调后则表现为PCSK9表达增加,细胞LDLR水平降低。此外,油红O染色可见miR-224-5p模拟物组HepG2细胞内的脂滴明显减少,而miR-224-5p抑制剂组HepG2细胞内的脂滴明显增多。miR-224-5p高表达后明显促进HepG2细胞对LDLC的摄取。结论 miR-224-5p靶向结合PCSK9 mRNA 3′UTR,抑制PCSK9表达,进而降低HepG2细胞内脂滴含量,增加HepG2细胞对脂质的摄取。

Assessing the effects of vegetation and precipitation on soil erosion in the Three-River Headwaters Region of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China

Soil erosion in the Three-River Headwaters Region(TRHR)of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China has a significant impact on local economic development and ecological environment.Vegetation and precipitation are considered to be the main factors for the variation in soil erosion.However,it is a big challenge to analyze the impacts of precipitation and vegetation respectively as well as their combined effects on soil erosion from the pixel scale.To assess the influences of vegetation and precipitation on the variation of soil erosion from 2005 to 2015,we employed the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation(RUSLE)model to evaluate soil erosion in the TRHR,and then developed a method using the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index model(LMDI)which can exponentially decompose the influencing factors,to calculate the contribution values of the vegetation cover factor(C factor)and the rainfall erosivity factor(R factor)to the variation of soil erosion from the pixel scale.In general,soil erosion in the TRHR was alleviated from 2005 to 2015,of which about 54.95%of the area where soil erosion decreased was caused by the combined effects of the C factor and the R factor,and 41.31%was caused by the change in the R factor.There were relatively few areas with increased soil erosion modulus,of which 64.10%of the area where soil erosion increased was caused by the change in the C factor,and 23.88%was caused by the combined effects of the C factor and the R factor.Therefore,the combined effects of the C factor and the R factor were regarded as the main driving force for the decrease of soil erosion,while the C factor was the dominant factor for the increase of soil erosion.The area with decreased soil erosion caused by the C factor(12.10×10^3 km^2)was larger than the area with increased soil erosion caused by the C factor(8.30×10^3 km^2),which indicated that vegetation had a positive effect on soil erosion.This study generally put forward a new method for quantitative assessment of the impacts of the influencing factors on soil erosion,and also provided a scientific basis for the regional control of soil erosion.

基于遥感指数与深度学习的黄河冰凌遥感监测识别分析

黄河流域特殊的地理位置和环境因素造就了其复杂的凌情特征,及时准确掌握凌汛期间冰凌变化规律与特点是凌汛监测防治的关键任务。卫星遥感可实现黄河冰凌的大范围快速提取,目前常用的方法有遥感指数与深度学习两类,为验证和对比不同方法对黄河冰凌遥感监测识别的有效性,基于Sentinel-2遥感数据,利用归一化积雪指数及其改进形式和U^(2)-Net等三种方法对2023年黄河宁蒙段冰凌进行遥感提取。结果表明:NDSI、MNDSI、U^(2)-Net三种方法的结果分类精度分别为83.42%、87.98%和92.01%;Kappa系数分别为0.88、0.90和0.97;三种方法均对冰凌有较好的提取效果,但指数法对于流凌、清沟等其他类型的识别效果较差,浅滩处提取的边界较为杂乱,U^(2)-Net可以精确区分出清沟,提取冰凌边界的效果更好。

Effect of Reduction in Iodine Content of Edible Salt on the Iodine Status of the Chinese Population

Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the revised Chinese National Standard GB26878-2011 ＇Iodine Content in Edible Salt＇ on the iodine status among the Chinese population. Methods In 2011 and 2014, the probability proportionate to size sampling（PPS） was used in each Chinese province to obtain the representative data. In each sampling unit, school children aged 8-10 years and pregnant women were selected. Key indicators included urinary iodine concentration（UIC）, thyroid volume（TV）, and the iodine content in edible household salt. Results The median urinary iodine concentration（MUIC） decreased between 2011 and 2014 from 238.6 to 197.9 μg/L in school-age children. The number of provinces with iodine excess decreased to zero. The proportion of children whose UIC was 〉 300 μg/L was 18.8% and decreased to 11% compared with 29.8% in 2011. There was no significant difference in UIC 〈 50 μg/L between 2014（4.3%） and 2011（3.7%）（P 〉 0.05）. The MUIC among pregnant women in 2014 was more concentrated between 110 and 230 μg/L. The goiter rate among children aged 8-10 years was unchanged, both the goiter rate of 2011 and 2014 remaining below 5%, in view of the sustainable elimination of iodine deficiency disorders. Conclusion The National Standard GB26878-2011 ＇Iodine Content in Edible Salt＇ that was introduced in March 2012 resulted in an overall improvement in iodine status, reducing the risk of excessive iodine intake in the Chinese population.

复合Hermit方程边值问题的相似构造法

该文研究了复合Hermit方程边值问题,通过将复合Hermit方程边值问题的解式整理和化简成具有相似结构的形式,提出了求解该类边值问题的相似构造法.经研究发现:相似构造法能够进一步揭示解的内在性质和规律,解决相应数学以及工程问题,也为相应软件分析提供了理论基础.

Synthesis of Zeolite a from Natural Ca-Bentonite Using a Direct Alkali Hydrothermal Approach

Ca-bentonite can be converted into zeolites A through hydrothermal alkaline treatment by varying the synthetic parameters. This study focuses on the effect of initial Si/Al molar ratio, NaOH concentration on the type of formed zeolite A. The Ca-bentonite (China, Fuxin)were mixed with an aqueous NaOH solution, Al(OH)3 powder and hydrothermally treated at about 90 ℃,12 h. Different types of zeolites (zeolite X, P, and A),sodalite were synthesized after the treatment. Zeolites were characterized and quantified by means of XRD and SEM analysis. Zeolite A predominantly formed with 0.5≤Si/Al≤2.0 was produced and zeolite X, P formed with Si/Al>2.0 under the 2.2mol/LNaOH concentration; Sodalite was also formed under high NaOH molarities. Shape of zeolite A is show the cube by the SEM micrograph.

虚拟模板MIPs-SPE联用技术对茶叶粗提物中咖啡因的分离纯化研究

目的 采用儿茶素作为虚拟模板制备分子印迹聚合物(Molecular imprintingpolymers,MIPs)结合固相萃取(Solid phase extraction,SPE)技术对茶叶粗提物中的咖啡因进行分离纯化。方法 以儿茶素为虚拟模板,4-乙烯基吡啶为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,聚苯乙烯为大分子拥挤试剂,以原位聚合的方式制备虚拟模板分子印迹聚合物。测定该分子印迹聚合物的保留性能、形貌特征和孔径分布等性能,以该分子印迹聚合物作为固相萃取吸附剂,对茶叶粗提物中的咖啡因进行分离纯化。结果 所制备儿茶素分子印迹聚合物对咖啡因的最优印迹因子为4.57。对茶叶粗提物中的咖啡因进行分离纯化后,在咖啡因纯度高于95%的条件下,咖啡因的回收率可达85%以上。结论 以儿茶素为虚拟模板合成的分子印迹聚合物,可以用于茶叶粗提物中咖啡因的分离纯化。

无等待与时隙映射复用结合的时间触发流调度方法

工业控制系统中众多应用的正常运行依赖于确定性低时延的网络传输,这一需求推动了时间敏感网络的发展。为保证工业控制系统中流量传输的确定性,提出了无等待与时隙映射复用结合的时间触发流调度方法。首先,对工业控制系统时间敏感网络的通信要素进行建模,通过分析时间触发流的特性,简化了链路、流传输、流隔离和帧隔离等约束条件;其次,使用基础周期作为调度循环时间,实时流采取无等待调度,循环流采取时隙映射复用,从而缩短了门控列表长度;然后,提出了基于数据帧传输区间中点的冲突判别方法,降低了时隙冲突判断的时间复杂度;最后,设计了时间触发流调度优化函数,并基于改进的多目标遗传算法进行求解。实验验证了该方法的正确性与可行性,平均门控列表长度缩短了59.7%。

类风湿关节炎的JAK/STAT信号通路文献计量分析研究

目的通过对近十年Janus激酶(Janus kinase,JAK)/信号转导和转录激活因子(signal transducer and activator of transcription,STAT)信号通路对类风湿关节炎作用的文献进行多软件可视化分析,总结该领域发展趋势和研究热点,为研究者提供新的方向和思路,促进该领域创新性发展。方法收集Web of Science Core Collection数据库2013至2023年JAK/STAT信号通路在类风湿关节炎中的相关文献。利用CiteSpace和VOSviewer软件对检索到的354篇文章的发文量、国家、作者、关键词进行分析。结果该领域发文量持续增加,根据作者研究方向、高频词的呈现及对前言和热点的关注,提示该领域聚焦于基因表达、免疫机制、炎症机制、途径抑制剂、药物治疗等。未来研究将围绕通路抑制剂、抗风湿药物的安全性、机制、对照试验等展开。结论JAK/STAT信号通路对类风湿关节炎影响的研究在过去、现在乃至未来关注度高,研究价值大。各团队对该领域的研究存在差异,区域发展不平衡,提示应加强合作与交流、聚焦国际前沿、开展更多高质量研究,以推动该领域的发展和进步,为临床提供依据。

王海东主任医师治疗强直性脊柱炎临床经验思辨

王海东主任医师认为强直性脊柱炎属本虚标实之证,以肝肾亏虚、气血不足、脾胃虚弱为本,寒、湿、瘀等实邪偏盛为标。王海东主任医师主张分期分型辨证论治,巧用药对并全程注重调护脾胃。

基于多分析方法探讨近十年T细胞对类风湿关节炎影响的可视化分析

目的通过对近十年T细胞对类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)影响的文献进行多软件可视化分析,总结该领域的研究热点及前沿发展。方法在中国知网和Web of Science核心合集数据库检索2012-2022年关于T细胞对RA影响的中英文文献,运用CiteSpace、VOSviewer软件对其发文量、作者、关键词进行分析。结果中文文献519篇,英文文献861篇,结果显示2020-2022年中文发文量缓慢增加,英文发文量整体趋势较为平稳。关键词分析显示,预测该领域的未来研究聚焦于T细胞在RA中的发病机制、RA的骨破坏机制、疾病活动度、氧化应激等方面。结论T细胞对RA影响的研究关注度一直较高,研究价值大。但因国内外研究重点存在差异,团队间应良性互动、相互交流,以期揭示RA的内在机制,为靶向治疗提供理论依据。

基于光谱成像仪的量子化能级测试与分析

以反射式光栅和CCD为核心器件,搭建了反射式光谱成像仪,开发程序对CCD输出的光敏像元与待测光谱波长之间的关系进行快速定标和可视化处理,进而对特定气体原子或分子的量子化能级进行测试和光谱分析,并对该量子化能级测量试验仪的性能进行了评估与不确定评定.实验系统的搭建与测试,增加了学生的动手能力,加深了学生对能级的量子化、原子内部结构和运动特征等知识的深入理解.

动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血并发脑水肿的影响因素及预后分析

目的 探讨影响动脉瘤性蛛网膜下腔出血(subarachnoid hemorrhage, SAH)并发脑水肿的危险因素,并对患者生存预后进行分析。方法 选取动脉瘤性SAH患者315例为研究对象,根据是否发生脑水肿将患者分为脑水肿组(n=78)及未发生脑水肿组(n=237),采用Logistic回归分析影响患者并发脑水肿的危险因素;根据改良Rankin评分(Modified Rankin Scale, mRS)将患者分为预后良好组(n=42)及预后不良组(n=36),采用Logistic回归分析影响患者预后不良的因素。结果 年龄≥60岁、颅内感染为动脉瘤性SAH并发脑水肿的独立危险因素(P<0.05);随访1年,36例患者预后不良,年龄、Hunt-Hess分级、CT Fisher分级、病灶数目为动脉瘤性SAH并发脑水肿患者预后不良的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 高龄、颅内感染的动脉瘤性SAH患者应密切注意脑水肿的发生。对于高龄、Hunt-Hess分级Ⅲ~Ⅳ级、CT Fisher分级4级、病灶多发患者应关注预后情况,防止预后不良的发生。

马克思现代性批判理论视域下中国式现代化的“超越性”

马克思的现代性批判理论通过对西方形而上学传统和资本逻辑的双重批判,开启了历史唯物主义新视域,进而开辟出一条无产阶级革命斗争的新道路。透过马克思现代性批判理论视域,中国式现代化之于西方现代化的“超越性”有着理论原则、本质导向、文明形态上的内涵意蕴,同时在这一理论视域的指引下,中国式现代化“超越性”的现实路径仍遵循着唯物史观的基本规律。

百合知母方结合针刺百会、神庭穴对永久性造口严重抑郁症(肝气郁结型)患者临床影响研究

目的:观察百合知母方结合针刺百会、神庭穴对永久性造口严重抑郁症(肝气郁结型)患者临床影响。方法:研究纳入永久性造口严重抑郁症(肝气郁结型)患者共计79例,将患者以随机数字表法分成对照组(39例)与观察组(40例),对照组患者给予阿戈美拉汀片药物干预及常规临床干预,观察组在对照组基础上给予患者百合知母方结合针刺百会、神庭穴干预,数据观察:疗效、干预前后患者中医证候(忧郁不畅、胸闷肋胀、失眠多梦、易怒善哭、嗳气频作、善太息等)积分变化、汉密尔顿抑郁量表(HAMD)及抑郁自评量表(SDS)评分变化、血清5-羟色胺(5-HT)及脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)水平变化、不良反应。结果:观察组有效率(97.50%)比对照组(82.05%)更高,P<0.05;干预前,两组患者中医证候(忧郁不畅、胸闷肋胀、失眠多梦、易怒善哭、嗳气频作、善太息等)积分、HAMD及SDS评分、5-HT及BDNF水平比较,P>0.05,干预后各组患者中医证候(忧郁不畅、胸闷肋胀、失眠多梦、易怒善哭、嗳气频作、善太息等)积分、HAMD及SDS评分、5-HT及BDNF水平均改善,观察组患者干预后中医证候(忧郁不畅、胸闷肋胀、失眠多梦、易怒善哭、嗳气频作、善太息等)积分、HAMD及SDS评分、5-HT及BDNF水平等指标均优于对照组患者,P<0.05;两组均未见不良反应。结论:百合知母方结合针刺百会、神庭穴可较好改善永久性造口严重抑郁症(肝气郁结型)患者临床症状,提升临床疗效,促进患者病情好转,值得应用。

甲襞视频毛细血管镜在SSc病情评估中的临床价值

目的通过对系统性硬化症(SSc)患者进行甲襞视频毛细血管镜检查,探讨甲襞视频毛细血管镜在SSc患者病情评价中的价值。方法选择2022年1月—2023年4月在本院风湿科住院的23例系统性硬化症(SSc)患者(SSc组)和同期22名正常体检者(对照组)作为研究对象。比较两组甲襞微循环成像特征的差异,比较SSc患者发生合并症对甲襞微循环积分的影响。分析SSc患者甲襞微循环积分与疾病活动指标(血沉和IgG)的相关性。结果SSc组甲襞毛细血管在管袢扭曲、巨大管袢、乳头层萎缩及袢周渗出的发生率均高于对照组(P<0.05),而管袢密度及管袢长度均低于对照组(P<0.05)。SSc组在管袢输入支直径、袢顶直径、袢输出支直径及甲襞微循环积分均高于对照组(P<0.05),合并特异性抗体、雷诺现象、间质性肺病和肺动脉压高风险的SSc患者其甲襞微循环积分高于阴性患者(P<0.05);SSc患者甲襞微循环积分与血沉(r=0.724,P<0.01)及IgG(r=0.641,P<0.01)呈正相关。结论甲襞视频毛细血管镜检查有助于临床医师对SSc患者疾病活动性进行准确评估。

船用无线电标校信标机程控频点切换的设计

船用无线电标校信标机是指能够为船载统一测控设备提供稳定跟踪信号的射频信号发生器。一般安装于探空气球内部或悬挂于无人机底部,经过飞行至一定高度和距离后,船载统一测控设备对该信标信号进行跟踪试验。当前船用无线电标校信标机在空中仅能工作在一个频点,若需要对多个工作频点进行标校则需要重复释放多个无线电信标机。为解决此问题,设计一种标校信标机外围变频控制电路,将该电路连接至标校信标机即可完成释放一个信标机开展多频点标校的难题。该变频电路以低功耗单片机STC89C52RC作为基本控制单元,结合DC⁃DC降压模块和电平转换模块,实现将多个预置工作频点信息按预定帧格式定时发送至信标机的功能。经过十余次海上航天测量试验的检验,结果表明程控变频控制电路运行稳定、控制精度高,节省了标校时间和经费预算。