Occurrence of Mafic Rocks within Ediacaran Strata in the Aksu Region,NW Tarim Craton,and its Geological Implications

The Tarim Craton is an ancient Precambrian continental block,and detailed knowledge of its thermo-tectonic history is crucial for understanding the early history of continental evolution.Abundant layered mafic rocks,which have commonly been regarded as basalts,occur within the Ediacaran Sugetbrak Formation(Fm.)in the Aksu region of the northwestern Tarim Craton.Clear intrusive features have now been discovered,including mafic rocks truncating Ediacaran sedimentary layers,exhibiting an intrusion-baked margin where they interact with both the overlying and bottom wall rocks,and displaying a fine-grained transition zone from their interior to their margins.The new findings demonstrate that these mafic rocks within the Aksu Ediacaran strata were not erupted basalts but instead are intrusive diabase dykes.Therefore,these mafic rocks cannot be used to constrain the timing of the Sugetbrak Fm.in the Aksu area,nor as marker layers for regional stratigraphic correlation.Furthermore,the Ediacaran thermo-tectonic evolution in this region,deduced from the assumption that the mafic rocks are lavas,needs to be revised.

急性呼吸窘迫综合征新生儿血清miR-138-5p和miR-574-5p水平的变化及临床意义

目的 探讨新生儿急性呼吸窘迫综合征(nARDS)患儿血清miR-138-5p和miR-574-5p表达水平的变化及临床意义。方法 收集2018年9月~2023年8月武汉科技大学附属孝感医院新生儿科收治的nARDS患儿112例作为观察组,并根据预后分为预后良好组(n=98)和预后不良组(n=14);选择同期出生的足月健康新生儿104例作为对照组。定量实时聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)法检测血清miR-138-5p和miR-574-5p的表达水平;ROC曲线分析血清miR-574-5p,miR-138-5p水平对nARDS患儿预后的诊断价值;多因素Logistic回归分析影响nARDS患儿预后不良的因素。结果与对照组比较,观察组血清miR-574-5p表达水平(1.72±0.23 vs 1.04±0.17)升高,miR-138-5p表达水平(0.55±0.08vs 1.02±0.16)降低,差异具有统计学意义(t=24.557,25.597,均P <0.05);与预后良好组比较,预后不良组血清miR-138-5p表达水平(0.41±0.06 vs 0.57±0.08)降低,miR-574-5p表达水平(2.07±0.25 vs 1.67±0.19)升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=7.188,7.069,均P <0.05);预后不良组产妇年龄、宫内窘迫、羊水异常比例较预后良好组升高,差异具有统计学意义(t=5.359,4.257,6.577,均P <0.05)。miR-574-5p是nARDS患儿预后不良的独立危险因素,miR-138-5p是保护因素(均P <0.05)。血清miR-138-5p,miR-574-5p单独及联合诊断nADRS患儿预后不良的AUC(95%CI)分别为0.793(0.706~0.864),0.898(0.826~0.947)和0.931(0.867~0.970),二者联合预测优于miR-138-5p,miR-574-5p各自单独诊断(Z=2.151,1.982,均P <0.05)。结论 nARDS患儿血清miR-138-5p表达水平降低,miR-574-5p表达水平升高,二者对nARDS患儿预后不良具有一定的诊断价值。

太阳能反应器内废盐有机杂质热解特性研究

为了解决有机杂质阻碍废盐回收利用的问题,基于槽式太阳能聚光器和管式反应炉,建立有机物热解反应器模型,采用光热耦合方法研究了反射镜深度、焦距和反应器外部直径对系统能量分布及有机物热解特性的影响。研究结果表明:随着反射镜深度从100 mm增加到1000 mm,聚光器平均聚光比增加7.34,但光学效率降低0.52%,反应器最高温度和最低温度均呈上升趋势,温差在100 K左右,热解反应时间缩短,系统热效率提高约10.71%;随着反射镜焦距从100 mm增加到1000 mm,热流密度更加集中,最大聚光比增大21.03,光学效率降低0.53%,反应器最低温度变化不大,但最高温度和温差呈线性增长,温差从31.45 K增大到222.56 K,系统反应速率和热效率升高;随着反应器外部直径从14 mm增加到104 mm,热流密度降低,平均聚光比从34.75减小到4.71,光学效率提高0.53%,温差从52.13 K升高到114.32 K,反应速率和热效率均降低,单位体积废盐的热解时间从5.26 s·cm^(-3)减小到1.29 s·cm^(-3)。研究结果对废盐热解反应器的参数设计和优化具有重要意义。

儿童哮喘类中成药合理用药现状研究

目的系统梳理儿童哮喘类中成药的品种、说明书及其临床研究,分析其合理用药的现状与研究情况。方法系统查找中国国家药品监督管理局国家基本药物20018项中备案上市的中成药,注册时间限定为自建库至2023年12月31日,药品类型限定为中成药,对中成药的说明书进行梳理;检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台(万方)、维普中文科技期刊全文数据库(维普)、PubMed数据库,收录时间为建库至2023年12月31日的儿童哮喘类中成药文献研究。应用中成药说明书梳理、文献计量分析等方法对儿童哮喘类中成药文献进行识别和总结。结果检索中国国家药品监督管理局国家基本药物20018项,共有14个已上市儿童哮喘类中成药品种,其中儿童与成人共用中成药品种11种,儿童专用中成药品种仅有3种。梳理中成药说明书显示:有64%的中成药说明书对儿童分龄剂量描述不清晰,超70%的说明书的安全用药条目不详细,对于不良反应、禁忌、注意事项的描述为“尚不明确”;检索儿童哮喘类中成药文献研究,共纳入相关临床研究16篇,所有研究均验证了其有效性,然而在安全性检测方面多数为观察性指标,仅有2项检测了肝肾功能等安全性指标,其他研究在合理用药方面仅有一个“不良反应”指标;对不良反应情况具体分析发现,西药联合中成药使用相较于西药单独使用,不良反应发生率不会增加。结论中成药联合西药不会增加不良反应,然而中成药说明书缺项较多,使合理用药严重缺乏依据,且当前临床研究较少关注合理用药情况。临床研究应增加安全性相关结局指标;建议相关监管部门督促儿童中成药说明书的规范与更新,促进儿童哮喘类中成药的合理用药。

Direct fabrication of highly porous graphene/TiO_2 composite nanofibers by electrospinning for photocatalytic application

We reported the fabrication of highly porous graphene/TiO2 composite nanofibers in the form of a nonwoven mat by electrospinning followed by calcination in air at 450°C.The graphene can uniformly disperse in highly porous TiO2 nanofibers.The highly porous graphene/TiO2 composite nanofibers exhibited excellent catalytic activities.The new method for producing graphene/TiO2 composite nanofibers is versatile and can be extended to fabricate various types of metal oxide and graphene nanocomposites.

Comparison of microwave and conventional heating routes for kaolin thermal activation

The effect of activation properties of the precursors of zeolite directly prepared from kaolin influenced by microwave field and conventional heating was investigated.XRD,TG-DSC,FT-IR,SEM,particle size analysis,specific surface area(BET),pore size distribution(BJH)and N2 adsorption-desorption were discussed to determine the optimal activation temperature.It is concluded that the conversion of kaolin to metakaolin in the microwave field is at 500°C holding for 30 min,which is 100°C lower than that in conventional calcination and 90 min shorter,and the phase transition process of kaolin under the effect of microwave field is the same as that of conventional heating method.SEM analysis indicates that the particle size is more uniform and agglomeration appears slightly in the microwave field.The N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm,BET and BJH of kaolin indicate that the pore properties are almost invariable regardless of calcination route during the process of calcining kaolin into metakaolin.It indicates that microwave calcination is superior to conventional calcination in the activation pathway of kaolin.It is attributed to microwave heating relying on objects to absorb microwave energy and convert it into thermal energy,which can simultaneously and uniformly heat the entire substance.

A New Molecular Label Applied to the Study of the Yellow Sea Green Tide

From 2007 to 2017,large-scale green tides occurred every year in the Yellow Sea of China,and Ulva prolifera was the main species leading to the green tide.In this study,we used the Polymerase chain reaction and 3'Rapid-amplification of c DNA ends technique to amplify the nr DNA-LSU and IGS sequences in U.prolifera and one species of Blidingia.These techniques showed 3259 bp of nrD NA-LSU and 3388 bp of IGS in U.prolifera and 3282 bp nr DNA-LSU and 3059 bp IGS in Blidingia sp.At the same time,tandem repeats,short dyads,palindromic and multiple simple repeat sequences in the IGS sequence were found by analyzing the structure of the IGS sequence in U.prolifera and Blidingia sp.G+C contents of the IGS sequence in U.prolifera and Blidingia sp.were 52.42% and 53.09%,respectively.We divided the U.prolifera into two types according to the morphological characteristics.Although the specimens of U.prolifera from the Qingdao coastal area,Jiangsu coastal area and the Yellow Sea have different morphologies,their ITS and IGS sequences are almost identical.Therefore,the main species of the green tides in the Qingdao coastal area,Jiangsu coastal area and the Yellow Sea are the same and have the same origin.

Effects of Temperature on Functional Response of Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang (Hymenoptera:Mymaridae) on the Eggs of Whitebacked Planthopper,Sogatella furcifera Horvth and Brown Planthopper,Nilaparvata lugens Stl

Understanding the temperature affecting parasitic efficiency is critical to succeed in utilizing parasitoid as natural enemy in pest management. Laboratory studies were carried out to determine the effects of temperature on parasitoid preference of female Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang （Hymenoptera：Mymaridae） to the eggs of whitebacked planthopper （WBPH）, Sogatella furcifera Horváth and brown planthopper （BPH）, Nilaparvata lugens Stl to build a composite model describing changes in parasitic response along a temperature gradient （18, 22, 26, 30, 34°C）. The results showed that attack responses of A. nilaparvatae on WBPH and BPH were the best described by a Type II functional response. The two parameters, attack rates （a） and handling times （Th）, of A. nilaparvatae to both eggs were influenced by the temperature. The maximum attack rates to WBPH （1.235） and BPH （1.049） were at 26 and 34°C, respectively, and the shortest handling times to WBPH （0.063） and BPH （0.057） were at 30 and 26°C, respectively. However, the optimal temperature for parasitic efficiency of A. nilaparvatae to WBPH and BPH eggs was both at 26°C, which showed that the present microclimate temperature of the habitat in the paddyfield was beneficial to A. nilaparvatae and indicated that parasitic efficiency of A. nilaparvatae would be impaired by global warming.

Natural gas geology and exploration direction of the Cambrian Lower Canglangpu Member in central Sichuan paleo-uplift,Sichuan Basin,SW China

Based on drilling data of JT1 and CS1,outcrop profiles and seismic data,the sedimentary pattern,space configuration of source-reservoir-cap combinations and paleouplift evolution characteristics of the Cambrian Lower Canglangpu Member in the central Sichuan paleouplift have been investigated to determine the favorable exploration zones.Controlled by Deyang-Anyue rift,the Lower Canglangpu Member features differential characteristics from east to west in sedimentary framework.In the west side of the Deyang-Anyue rift,this member is composed of clastic sediments,while in the east side of the Deyang-Anyue rift,it is fresh water shelf sediments,with grain beaches occurring along edges of the depressions,shelf and lagoon.Among the beaches,the dolomitic ones are mainly distributed around the depression edge and in the north of the lagoon.The beach sediments could become high quality reservoirs under the effect of karstification.Underlying the Lower Canglangpu Member is the widespread source rock of the Qiongzhusi Formation,so oil and gas generated by the Qiongzhusi Formation source rock can directly charge into the beach reservoirs.The sandy mudstone of the Upper Canglangpu Member can serve as the caprock of the Lower Canglangpu Member reservoir.The dolomitic beaches are located at the higher part of the paleo-uplift during the main accumulation period,with good hydrocarbon accumulation elements.Blocks PT1-CS1,HT1-GT2 and east GT2 are favorable exploration zones.

2022年宁夏老年人健康素养水平及其影响因素分析

目的了解宁夏地区老年人群健康素养水平状况及其影响因素,为提升老年人群健康素养水平提供依据。方法于2022年采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法,从宁夏地区抽取832名60岁及以上居民为调查对象,调查老年人群健康素养水平并进行影响因素分析。结果本次共收集问卷832份,有效问卷为799份,问卷有效率为96.03%。其中,男性374人,占比46.8%;女性425人,占比53.2%。居住地为城市399人,占比49.9%,居住地为农村400人,占比50.1%。平均年龄为(69.59±6.75)岁,以60~69岁人数最多,占比56.4%。老年人健康素养平均得分为(18.11±6.44)分,共有88人具备健康素养,占比11.0%;其中,3个方面健康素养的具备比例由高到低分别为基本理念(30.5%)、基本知识(19.3%)和基本技能(7.1%)。宁夏老年人居住地、文化程度、职业、体育锻炼、健康体检、家庭医生签约、健康自评和个人月收入方面对健康素养水平的差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);性别、年龄、婚姻状况、吸烟、饮酒、患慢性病和医疗保险方面对健康素养水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。文化程度、职业、家庭医生签约、个人月收入是宁夏老年人健康素养的影响因素。结论宁夏老年人群健康素养水平较低,有较大提升空间,应有针对性地开展健康教育和健康促进,提升老年人群健康素养水平。

Study on Hexagon-enveloping Leaf-stripping Mechanism for Corn Stalk

In order to deeply study the leaf-stripping principle for corn stalk, the hexagon-enveloping leaf-stripping experimental device was designed. To achieve higher leaf-stripping percent and provide important references for the separation equipment for corn stalk, it is necessary to fired out the laws of leaf-stripping of such mechanism and to select the main influencing factors of separation performance from a number of factors. Through the study on hexagon-enveloping leaf-stripping mechanism for corn stalks, the leaf- stripping principle of such mechanism was more clear, and the optimization of structural and kinematic parameters achieved by the experiment whose influencing factors were the four selected ones （feeding speed, rotary speed of leaf-stripping roll, clearance and included angle between two leaf-stripping plates） could be directly applied to the development of efficient rind-pith or leaf-stripping separation for corn stalks.

基于条件生成对抗网络的无线传感网络多节点失效修复研究

当前主流的传感节点失效修复主要通过纠删码完成,修复后节点具有更高的空间利用率,但无法有效提升网络寿命。为此,提出基于条件生成对抗网络的无线传感网络多节点数据重构方法,完成失效修复。感知无线传感网络节点,对失效节点展开裁决,确定失效节点位置,并重构节点内数据;将获取的失效节点用于条件生成对抗网络(CGAN)框架中生成器与节点替换网络的训练,通过训练好的生成器,以失效节点为条件,生成未失效节点;为提升修复性能,使用粒子群算法寻优节点替换网络参数,完成节点重构数据置换,实现失效节点的有效修复。结果表明:利用所提方法进行修复时,能耗最高仅为17 J,剩余寿命最低可达到300 h,连通度最高可达到99.2%,具有较好的修复效果。

鄂西—渝东早寒武世裂陷槽的发现及其演化过程初探

根据地震剖面、航磁资料、钻井资料和野外露头,在四川盆地东部发现了鄂西—渝东裂陷槽,初步界定了裂陷槽的西边界,并对其演化过程及形成机制进行了简要论证。在筇竹寺时期裂陷槽呈北东向展布,其西边界介于焦石1井—利1井一线,东边界介于宜地4井—宜地3井一线。之后,在沧浪铺期经过填平补齐,裂陷槽厚度范围明显缩小,且沉降中心由长生1井向北东方的鄂参1井迁移。另外,龙王庙组整体厚度变化不大,表明筇竹寺组和沧浪铺组沉积时期是裂陷槽主要的填平补齐时期。在沧浪铺组沉积时期,裂陷槽于高桥一带发育优质烃源岩;而在相对较浅的双流坝地区发育优质储集岩。

微创给药对极早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征的疗效观察

目的观察微创法(less invasive surfactant administration,LISA)给药对极早产儿呼吸窘迫综合征(respiratory distress syndrome,RDS)的临床疗效及安全性。方法选取2021年1月至2023年12月孝感市中心医院新生儿科收治的胎龄28+0~31+6周被诊断为呼吸窘迫综合征的极早产儿65例作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为LISA组(n=33)和气管插管-注入肺表面活性物质-拔管(intubation,administration of surfactant,extubation,InSurE)组(n=32),比较两组给药过程中不良事件发生率、给药前后血气分析、经皮血氧饱和度(pulse oxygen saturation,SpO2)、血压的变化情况及临床疗效、并发症和转归。结果操作过程中,两组患者的药物反流、心动过缓、呼吸暂停或SpO2<80%发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。LISA组患者的SpO2低于InSurE组,第2、4分钟血压监测低于InSurE组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。LISA组患者治疗后1h的动脉血氧分压高于InSurE组,动脉血二氧化碳分压低于InSurE组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。LISA组患者72h内机械通气比例及氧疗时间均低于InSurE组、差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者的肺表面活性物质(pulmonary surfactant,PS)再利用率、住院时间比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。LISA组患者3~4级脑室旁-脑室内出血(periventricular intraventricular hemorrhage,P-IVH)发生率低于InSurE组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患者其他并发症发生率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论微创法给予PS治疗极早产儿RDS可减少机械通气发生率、缩短氧疗时间、减少严重P-IVH的发生。

腔内心电图技术在肿瘤化疗患者上臂植入式输液港中的运用

目的 探讨腔内心电图技术在肿瘤化疗患者上臂植入式输液港中的应用价值,为后续开展相关临床操作提供参考。方法 选取2021年1月—2022年11月在长沙市某三级甲等医院肿瘤科化疗的患者240例为研究对象,按照组间基线资料均衡可比的原则分为对照组和观察组,每组120例。对照组在超声引导下置入中心静脉导管,根据体外测量法估算导管长度后行X线检测确认导管尖端位置,由医生在上臂皮下埋入输液港。观察组在超声引导下置入中心静脉导管后,应用腔内心电图根据P波的变化确认定位导管尖端位置,由医生在上臂皮下埋入输液港。观察两组患者置港成功时间、维护时间以及置管费用、置港舒适度和置管并发症。结果 观察组患者置港成功时间、维护时间短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者置管费用少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者在置港过程中对简单活动的影响程度及疼痛程度评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者置管并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 相比较X线摄片的优势,腔内心电图技术可有效辅助植入上臂输液港,减少置港成功时间、维护时间及置港费用,提升患者的舒适度,降低并发症发生率,此方法简单易行、治疗成本低、安全性高。

视频反馈联合临床实践教学法在住培学员换药技能培训中的应用

目的探讨视频反馈联合临床实践教学法在住培学员感染切口换药技能培训中的教学效果。方法本研究采用试验对照方法,选取2020年1月―2023年5月郑州大学第一附属医院肝胆胰外科的84名住培学员为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为试验组(n=42)和对照组(n=42)。试验组住培学员采用视频反馈联合临床实践教学法;对照组采用传统模拟教学方法。比较2组的感染切口换药技能考核成绩和调查问卷结果。结果试验组住培学员的技能考核总成绩高于对照组住培学员[(87.21±3.71)分vs.(79.91±5.57)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。调查问卷结果显示,试验组住培学员对动手能力、学习效率、无菌观念、人文关怀和教学满意度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在住培学员感染切口换药技能培训中采用视频反馈联合临床实践教学法,有助于提高住培学员的感染切口换药技能操作成绩和教学满意度。

结合多尺度多注意力的遥感图像超分辨率重构

视觉Transformer在改进图像超分辨率性能方面展现了良好的潜能.然而,遥感图像中不同目标表现的尺度多样性限制了其超分辨率的图像质量.为此,研究了一种结合多尺度多注意力的Transformer遥感图像超分辨率网络,旨在增强其特征学习能力,从而有效提升遥感图像的超分辨率性能.具体来说,输入特征首先通过多级下采样,得到多个尺度的特征;然后,逐级将低维特征通过一种交替密集注意力与稀疏注意力的Transformer网络进行变换,并将输出结果升维后与高维特征融合.密集注意力与稀疏注意力的结合可同时兼顾对局部相关性和全局相关性的有效提取,而多通路多尺度变换能够增强对图像小目标的建模能力.基于两个开源的遥感数据集的大量实验结果,验证了该方法的有效性.

住院患者“院前—院中—院后”全程管理模式建设经验分享

在国家多部门的大力推动下,全国各级医院开展改善就医感受、提升患者体验主题活动,要求各级医疗机构在门诊、住院、住院后等环节探索创新举措。该院在“一站式”出入院服务、医疗质量控制、随访、优质护理等提升患者体验环节上具有丰富的实践经验。为进一步响应国家号召,医院在上述工作基础上,探索建设以病人为中心的“院前—院中—院后”住院患者全程管理模式,通过设立全程管理中心、聘用专职全程管理专管员的形式,从院前检查评估、院中监控诊疗进程和患者需求、院后随访和延展服务等方面着手,全程管理患者诊治,有效提升患者的就医满意度。

采煤沉陷区框架结构抗变形研究现状与展望

针对我国矿山城市采煤沉陷区土地资源工程建设利用难的问题,在统计采煤沉陷区发展现状、综合治理及其工程建设利用率的基础上,分析了利用采煤沉陷区场地进行工程建设的必要性。从框架结构抗变形原理、共同作用机理、混凝土框架结构及钢框架结构抗变形技术等4个方面,总结分析了框架结构建筑物变形损害与保护技术的研究发展历程与不足之处;并展望了框架结构建筑物抗变形技术的发展方向:地表移动变形下大跨及多高层框架结构附加效应的动态演化规律,地表移动变形下地基-基础-结构共同作用的力学行为及变形协同机制,框架结构建筑物新型抗变形技术,框架结构建筑物抗震抗变形调控技术,以便形成地表移动变形下框架结构建筑物的综合理论与技术体系,为实现采煤沉陷区进行大型框架结构建筑物工程建设利用提供理论和技术支撑。

Comparison of Redox States between the Ultramafic Bodies of Xigaze and Luobusha Ophiolites, Tibet, China

The tectonic setting of podiform chromitite formation still remains highly debated. There is a close correlation between tectonic settings and oxygen fugacity(fO2)(e.g., Ballhaus, 1993;Dare et al., 2009;Parkinson and Arculus, 1999). Here we present results of fO2 of chromites determined by M?ssbauer spectroscopy from both the Luobusha and Dazhuqu areas along Yarlung Zangbo suture zone, Southern Tibet. The fO2 values(-1.02~0.04 log units against the FMQ buffer) and Cr#(22~54%) in chromites from lherzolites and harzburgites of both areas are similar to those of abyssal peridotites, indicating that they may be residues after partial melting at spreading centers. However, both dunite envelopes and chromitites from Luobusha have high fO2 values(0.04~2.25 log units) and Cr#(73~84%), showing an affinity to boninitic melts, and thus form in a suprasubduction zone. Dazhuqu dunites show diverse fO2 values(-0.22~2.19 log units) and Cr#(22~82%), indicating that they form in distinct settings. Chromitites and chromite dunites from Dazhuqu have low fO2 values(-0.3~0.71 log units) and Cr#(16~63%), both of which are similar to those of MORB-like basalts, inferring that they form in an extensional setting. Both high-Cr and high-Al chromitites from other typical podiform chromite ore deposits, such as Kempirsai, Oman, and Albania ophiolites, also show high fO2 values(e.g., Chashchukhin and Votyakov, 2009;Melcher et al., 1997;Quintiliani et al., 2006;Rollinson and Adetunji, 2015), while the distribution-limited small chromitites and chromite dunites from Dazhuqu exhibit low fO2 values. The phenomenon infers that the suprasubduction zone is more beneficial to the formation of podiform chromitites.