中国阿尔茨海默病早期预防指南(2024)

阿尔茨海默病是一种病因复杂的严重智力致残疾病,目前尚无有效的治疗方法。我国是世界上老年人口最多、增长最快的国家之一,也是阿尔茨海默病发病率较高的国家。因此,如何早期预防阿尔茨海默病的发生,是现今健康领域最重要的课题之一。我们在国内外相关研究的基础上,通过文献循证、干预研究实践、案例分析、经验总结和专家咨询,结合中国老年健康和社会文化特点,体现中国传统医学、武术、养生以及社区组织优势,制订出具有中国特色的阿尔茨海默病早期预防指南,涵盖了个人、家庭和社会三个层面的预防策略,从积极生活态度、社会活动参与、认知训练、体育锻炼、戒烟限酒、营养、睡眠,血压、血糖、血脂管理,体重和其他慢病管理以及中医开展针对阿尔茨海默病的一级预防。本指南仅供个人、家庭和社会开展阿尔茨海默病预防时参考。

分化抑制因子家族在慢性髓系白血病中的表达及临床意义

目的:探索分化抑制因子(inhibitor of differentiation,ID)家族在慢性髓系白血病(chronic myeloid leukemia,CML)中的表达和启动子甲基化水平,并分析其临床意义。方法:应用定量PCR及定量甲基化特异性PCR的方法检测2010年1月至2017年12月期间江苏大学附属人民医院就诊的非恶性血液病患者(对照组)和CML患者骨髓单个核细胞中ID2/ID3/ID4表达及ID4启动子甲基化水平,通过分组分析ID家族异常的临床意义。结果:ID2及ID3表达在CML患者中均呈现显著上调(P<0.001,P<0.05),而ID4表达在CML患者中呈现显著下调(P<0.01)。其中,接受者操作特征曲线分析揭示ID2表达可作为CML鉴别的潜在分子标志物(AUC=0.895,P<0.001)。CML患者中ID4启动子高甲基化概率显著高于对照组患者(P=0.001),且ID4启动子甲基化与ID4表达呈现负相关(r=-0.424,P=0.002)。通过分组分析发现ID2高表达较易发生于男性患者中(P=0.040);ID4低表达/高甲基化较易发生于加速/急变期患者(P=0.003,P<0.001)。此外,CML加速/急变期患者ID4表达水平低于慢性期患者(P<0.001),而ID4甲基化水平高于慢性期患者(P<0.001)。通过单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析发现ID4高甲基化是CML患者疾病进展的独立危险因素(P=0.007)。结论:ID家族在CML患者中表达态势不同,其中ID2/ID3表达上调;而ID4表达下调,与ID4启动子高甲基化相关。ID4表达/甲基化与CML疾病进展相关,其中ID4甲基化可能是CML疾病进展的独立危险因素。

金刚石/铜-硼复合材料界面结构及其对热导率和力学性能的影响

通过控制硼含量制备不同界面结构的金刚石/铜复合材料,研究复合材料的界面显微组织及其对热性能和力学性能的影响。结果表明,界面处形成微米级B4C齿状结构,该结构为界面结合提供冶金结合和机械啮合的双重作用。金刚石/铜-硼复合材料获得最高为695 W/(m·K)的热导率和535 MPa的弯曲强度。金刚石与B4C之间形成具有金刚石(111)//B4C (104)取向关系的半共格界面。微纳米级齿状结构可提高界面声子传输效率和界面结合强度。

Research on the flow stability and noise reduction characteristics of quasi-periodic elastic support skin

To enhance flow stability and reduce hydrodynamic noise caused by fluctuating pressure,a quasiperiodic elastic support skin composed of flexible walls and elastic support elements is proposed for fluid noise reduction.The arrangement of the elastic support element is determined by the equivalent periodic distance and quasi-periodic coefficient.In this paper,a dynamic model of skin in a fluid environment is established.The influence of equivalent periodic distance and quasi-periodic coefficient on flow stability is investigated.The results suggest that arranging the elastic support elements in accordance with the quasi-periodic law can effectively enhance flow stability.Meanwhile,the hydrodynamic noise calculation results demonstrate that the skin exhibits excellent noise reduction performance,with reductions of 10 dB in the streamwise direction,11 dB in the spanwise direction,and 10 dB in the normal direction.The results also demonstrate that the stability analysis method can serve as a diagnostic tool for flow fields and guide the design of noise reduction structures.

基于SFM的三维重建在点胶加工中的应用

为了实现点胶加工工件的三维模型重建,在分析了SFM(structure from motion)算法原理和五轴点胶机特点的基础上,提出了一种在五轴机床上使用单目相机实现工件三维模型重建的方法。首先,通过标定获得相机内外参,建立世界坐标系、机床坐标系与相机坐标系之间的关系;其次,从不同角度拍摄工件,与一般SFM不同的是拍摄时由机床机械坐标计算出相机位姿作为外参;最后,将图像序列和相机内外参作为输入,经过稀疏重建与稠密重建输出三维模型。实验结果表明,选用恰当的原始数据与参数可以高效地完成重建任务,重建成功率在90%以上,平均重投影误差为0.653 144 pixels。

Pretreatment with Danhong injection protects the brain against ischemia-reperfusion injury

Danhong injection （DHI）, a Chinese Materia Medica standardized product extracted from Radix Salviae miltiorrhizae and Flos Carthami tinctorii, is widely used in China for treating acute isch-emic stroke. In the present study, we explored the neuroprotective efficacy of DHI in a rat model of temporary middle cerebral artery ocdusion, and evaluated the potential mechanisms under-lying its effects. Pretreatment with DHI （0.9 and 1.8 mL/kg） resulted in a significantly smaller infarct volume and better neurological scores than pretreatment with saline. Furthermore, DHI significantly reduced the permeability of the blood-brain barrier, increased occludin protein expression and decreased neutrophil infiltration, as well as profoundly suppressing the upreg-ulation of matrix metallopeptidase-9 expression seen in rats that had received vehicle. Matrix metallopeptidase-2 expression was not affected by ischemia or DHI. Moreover, DHI （1.8 mL/kg） administered 3 hours after the onset of ischemia also improved neurological scores and reduced infarct size. Our results indicate that the neuroprotective efficacy of DHI in a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is mediated by a protective effect on the blood-brain barrier and the reversal of neutrophil infiltration.

鄂北岗地水稻病虫害绿色防控技术研究

鄂北岗地水稻全生育期病虫害较严重,为有效防控水稻病虫害,切实提高粮食产量和品质,选取农业生态防控、理化诱控和生物防控三种绿色技术及其防效进行研究,提出了绿色防控技术集成的有效实施路径。

COF-based single Li^(+)solid electrolyte accelerates the ion diffusionandrestrains dendritegrowthin quasi-solid-state organic batteries

A solid-state electrolyte(SSE),which is a solid ionic conductor and electroninsulating material,is known to play a crucial role in adapting a lithium metal anode to a high-capacity cathode in a solid-state battery.Among the various SSEs,the single Li-ion conductor has advantages in terms of enhancing the ion conductivity,eliminating interfacial side reactions,and broadening the electrochemical window.Covalent organic frameworks(COFs)are optimal platforms for achieving single Li-ion conduction behavior because of wellordered one-dimensional channels and precise chemical modification features.Herein,we study in depth three types of Li-carboxylate COFs(denoted LiOOC-COFn,n=1,2,and 3)as single Li-ion conducting SSEs.Benefiting from well-ordered directional ion channels,the single Li-ion conductor LiOOC-COF3 shows an exceptional ion conductivity of 1.36×10^(-5) S cm^(-1) at room temperature and a high transference number of 0.91.Moreover,it shows excellent electrochemical performance with long-term cycling,high-capacity output,and no dendrites in the quasi-solid-state organic battery,with the organic small molecule cyclohexanehexone(C_(6)O_(6))as the cathode and the Li metal as the anode,and enables effectively avoiding dissolution of the organic electrode by the liquid electrolyte.

Understanding Dual-Polar Group Functionalized COFs for Accelerating Li-Ion Transport and Dendrite-Free Deposition in Lithium Metal Anodes

Lithium metal batteries(LMBs)have attracted wide attentions because of their high theoretical specific capacity and low electrochemical potential.However,the growth of lithium dendrites seriously affects the practical application of LMBs.Thus,the lithium-philic carbonyl and carboxy dualgroup-modified covalent organic framework(COF-COOH)is designed to coat the polypropylene(PP)separator(COF-COOH@PP separator),realizing the regulation of ion transport and uniform lithium deposition.The plentiful and negative charge sites in the COF-COOH can suppress the diffusion of the freely movable lithium salt anion by the electrostatic interaction.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations demonstrate that the COF-COOH possesses the function of anchoring anion and desolvation.Consequently,the Li^(+)transference number(0.7),ion conductivity(0.64 mS cm^(-1)),and desolvating of Li^(+)are obviously improved by using the COF-COOH@PP separator.The modified Li-Li symmetric battery delivers stable cycle for more than 1000 h and lower voltage hysteresis(0.02 V).This dendrite-free deposition strategy holds great promise for practical application of Li metal anodes.

Effect of hyperbaric oxygen on post-stroke depression

BACKGROUND In patients with post-stroke depression(PSD)in diabetes,the situation may be more complex,requiring simultaneous treatment of blood glucose,depressive symptoms,and neurological dysfunction.Hyperbaric oxygen(HBO)therapy can improve tissue oxygen content and improve the situation of ischemia and hypoxia,thus playing a role in protecting brain cells and restoring the function of brain cells.However,there are few studies on HBO therapy for patients with PSD.This study explores the clinical efficacy of such therapy for stroke complicated with depression and diabetes mellitus,and to provide reference and basis for clinical treatment and development through the application of relevant rating scales and laboratory test indicators.AIM To evaluate the clinical effects of HBO therapy on patients with diabetes with PSD.METHODS A total of 190 diabetic patients with PSD were randomly divided into observation and control groups(95 patients per group).The control group received escitalopram oxalate 10mg once a day for eight weeks.In addition,the observation group was also given HBO therapy,once a day,five times a week,for eight weeks.The Montgomery Depression Rating Scale(MADRS),National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS),hypersensitive C-reactive protein,tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,and fasting glucose levels were compared.RESULTS There were no significant differences in age,sex,or depression course between the groups(P>0.05).After HBO treatment,MADRS scores in both groups decreased significantly(14.3±5.2),and were significantly lower in the control group(18.1±3.5).After HBO treatment,NIHSS scores in both groups decreased significantly,and scores in the observation group(12.2±4.0)decreased more than in the control group(16.1±3.4),the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein and TNF-αin both groups were significantly decreased,and the observation group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.001).Fasting blood glucose levels in both groups decreased significantly,and those in the observation group decreased more(8.02±1.10)than in the control group(9.26±1.04),with statistical significance(t=-7.994,P<0.001).CONCLUSION HBO therapy can significantly improve depressive symptoms and neurological dysfunction in patients with PSD,and reduce the levels of hypersensitive C-reactive protein,TNF-αand fasting blood glucose.

Saturated absorption spectrum of cesium micrometric-thin cell with suppressed crossover spectral lines

Micrometric-thin cells(MCs)with alkali vapor atoms have been valuable for research and applications of hyperfine Zeeman splitting and atomic magnetometers under strong magnetic fields.We theoretically and experimentally study the saturated absorption spectra using a 100-μm cesium MC,where the pump and probe beams are linearly polarized with mutually perpendicular polarizations,and the magnetic field is along the pump beam.Because of the distinctive thin chamber of the MC,crossover spectral lines in saturated absorption spectra are largely suppressed leading to clear splittings of hyperfine Zeeman transitions in experiments,and the effect of spatial magnetic field gradient is expected to be reduced.A calculation method is proposed to achieve good agreements between theoretical calculations and experimental results.This method successfully explains the suppression of crossover lines in MCs,as well as the effects of magnetic field direction,propagation and polarization directions of the pump/probe beam on saturated absorption spectrum.The saturated absorption spectrum with suppressed crossover lines is used for laser frequency stabilization,which may provide the potential value of MCs for high spatial resolution strong-field magnetometry with high sensitivity.

神经内镜与显微镜经鼻蝶窦入路切除垂体瘤及对激素水平的影响

目的比较神经内镜下经鼻蝶窦入路垂体瘤切除术与显微镜下垂体瘤切除术的手术效果及对激素水平和临床症状的影响。方法回顾性分析2012年1月-2016年6月在该院经手术切除的211例垂体瘤患者资料。其中,神经内镜下经鼻蝶窦入路垂体瘤切除术112例(A组),显微镜下经鼻蝶窦入路垂体瘤切除术99例(B组),比较两组手术相关指标、出院前激素水平变化及术后24周症状改善情况。结果两组患者肿瘤切除程度不同(Z=2.14,P=0.032),A组达到全切比例明显高于B组(79.5%vs 67.7%,P=0.037);A组手术时间明显长于B组[(93.6±26.7)vs(79.8±20.2)min,t=4.26,P=0.000],A组术后平均住院天数明显少于B组[(7.9±2.5)vs(10.2±4.3)d,t=4.67,P=0.000],A组术后并发症发生率明显低于B组(5.4%vs 14.1%,χ~2=4.73,P=0.030)。两组术后激素水平下降程度不同(Z=2.42,P=0.016),A组出院前激素复常率明显高于B组(82.2%vs 66.7%,χ~2=6.09,P=0.014),出院前A组泌乳素腺瘤、促肾上腺皮质激素腺瘤、生长素腺瘤患者激素下降水平明显高于B组[(43.2±10.5)vs(33.5±9.1)ng/ml、(26.0±8.8)vs(20.2±7.0)pmol/L、(11.0±3.9)vs(8.7±3.2)μg/L,t=3.60、t=2.65、t=2.12,均P<0.05]。两组术后24周临床症状缓解比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论神经内镜下经鼻蝶窦入路垂体瘤切除术较显微镜手术垂体瘤切除效率更高,手术并发症更少,更有助于术后激素水平的复常。

应用rDNA ITS测序检测海南岛条件致病性真菌

目的:应用内转录间隔区(ITS)引物建立一种较为敏感、特异检测和鉴定条件致病性真菌的方法,为进一步鉴定不同真菌的种、型的亲缘关系提供分子生物学依据。方法:用常规的真菌检验方法对76份口腔标本做初步鉴定,采用通用引物ITS1、ITS4对可疑真菌菌悬液进行PCR扩增,PCR扩增产物纯化、DNA测序,做序列比对分析。结果:ITS-PCR扩增出种特异的DNA条带,检测菌株76株,DNA测序鉴定出白假丝酵母菌53株(69.7%),其他真菌23株(30.3%)。结论:采用ITS引物测序法,可准确地检测出不同种的条件致病性真菌,并为进一步鉴定菌株的变异性,发现亚种提供基础。

膜荚黄芪异黄酮3′-羟化酶基因的克隆及表达分析

异黄酮3′-羟化酶(Isoflavone 3′-hydroxylase,I3′H)是催化合成毛蕊异黄酮和毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷的关键酶。该研究从膜荚黄芪中克隆了I3′H基因cDNA全长,并对其进行了生物信息学分析,同时采用高效液相色谱法分别测定了毛蕊异黄酮和毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷的含量。结果表明:I3′H基因cDNA全长为1804 bp,开放阅读框为1518 bp,编码505个氨基酸,其分子量为57481.64 Da,等电点为8.24。AmI3′H蛋白定位在膜上,属于不稳定的亲水蛋白,氨基酸序列与豆科植物相似性较高。根、茎、叶中毛蕊异黄酮+毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷的含量与AmI3′H基因的表达量一致,推测其参与了毛蕊异黄酮和毛蕊异黄酮葡萄糖苷的生物合成。

全腔镜下四孔单向式与三孔法解剖性肺叶切除治疗早期非小细胞肺癌的临床回顾性研究

背景与目的胸腔镜肺叶切除加纵隔淋巴结清扫术已被认为是早期肺癌手术治疗的标准术式之一。经过二十余年的发展,胸腔镜肺叶切除术的可靠性和微创性已达成共识。目前,胸腔镜肺叶切除术切口选择多样,在三孔基础上逐渐演变成四孔、两孔或单孔作为手术入路。本研究旨在探讨全腔镜下四孔单向式解剖性肺叶切除并纵膈淋巴结清扫术治疗非小细胞肺癌的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2015年3月-2016年7月扬州大学附属医院扬州市第一人民医院胸外科全腔镜下解剖性肺叶切除并纵隔淋巴结清扫治疗早期外周型非小细胞肺癌临床资料。术前临床诊断为早期外周型非小细胞肺癌。术前按照住院号奇偶数随机分为四孔单向式组(实验组),三孔法组(对照组)。依据纳入及排除标准,最终实验组39例,对照组34例,其中男性36例,女性37例;年龄38岁-84岁。比较两组平均手术时间、平均术中出血量、淋巴结清扫组数、术后平均引流量、平均拔管时间、术后并发症,进行统计学分析。结果两组患者均顺利完成手术,术后无死亡。两组平均术中出血、淋巴结清扫组数、术后平均引流量、平均拔管时间、术后并发症差异无统计学意义。四孔单向式组较三孔组平均手术时间缩短,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论全腔镜下四孔单向式手术安全性及疗效满意,术中操作流畅,缩短了手术进程,值得临床推广。

广州市成人变应性鼻炎环境危险因素分析

目的观察广州市变应性鼻炎(AR)患者的居住环境和饮食习惯中可能的危险因素,为AR的防治提供建议和指导。方法选取2014年11月—2018年7月于广东省第二中医院采用过敏原检测并确诊为AR的1 096例患者作为研究对象,进行问卷调查收集资料,并将同期健康体检人群作对照,分析成人AR的环境危险因素。结果天冷、风大、潮湿、气压低、春季和秋季是AR发病的危险因素(P<0.05)。屋尘螨、粉尘螨是占比最高的过敏原,占40.51%,说明环境对AR具有决定性作用。屋尘螨、粉尘螨、点青霉分枝孢霉、烟曲霉、交链孢菌、潮湿时加重、风大时加重、天冷时加重及气压低时加重均有较高的AR患病风险(P <0.05)。结论居住环境在AR的发生中起重要作用,应加强对家庭居住环境的清洁卫生,尽量降低空气中尘螨密度,并注意合理饮食结构,以降低过敏性疾病的发生率。

血浆中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值预测急性缺血性脑卒中机械取栓患者半年预后的价值

目的探讨血浆中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比值(NLR)预测急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)机械取栓患者半年预后的价值。方法将105例AIS机械取栓患者根据半年后改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分结果分为预后良好组48例和预后不良组57例,比较2组患者的临床资料。将有统计学差异的相关指标采用二元Logistic回归分析,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估预测价值。结果预后良好组与预后不良组手术时间、中性粒细胞百分比、淋巴细胞百分比及NLR比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。前循环梗死组与后循环梗死组手术时间、入院美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。颈内动脉闭塞组与大脑中动脉闭塞组相关临床资料比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析结果显示,手术时间、NLR是预测急性脑梗死机械取栓患者半年预后的独立危险因子。NLR判断急性脑梗死取栓半年预后的ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.759,当最佳临界值为4.685时,其约登指数为0.565,敏感度为74.50%,特异度为82.00%,95%CI为0.662~0.855。手术时间判断急性脑梗死取栓半年预后的AUC为0.623,当最佳临界值为81.500 min时,其约登指数为0.245,敏感度为74.50%,特异度为50.00%,95%CI为0.516~0.731。结论血浆NLR的升高对AIS机械取栓半年不良预后有较好的预测价值。

机械侧深施肥下水稻产量和肥料利用效率研究

为明确机械侧深施肥下水稻产量和肥料吸收利用率特征,进一步协同提高长江中下游水稻产量和资源利用效率。在大田设置机械侧深施肥与传统人工施肥2个施肥方式和5个肥料配施处理:不施肥(CK)、NPK全素配施处理(NPK)、PK配施处理(PKN0)、NK配施处理(NKP0)和NP配施处理(NPK0),探讨不同施肥方式和肥料配置下的水稻产量形成和养分吸收利用特征。结果表明,与传统人工撒施处理相比,机械侧深施肥可有效提高水稻单位面积有效穗数和成熟期干物质量,进而提高稻谷产量;NPK全施处理的稻谷产量最高,为7342.1 kg/hm2,NP配施处理次之,不施氮处理最低。NPK全施处理下茎秆+叶片以及子粒干物质量最高,NP配施和NK配施处理次之,PK配施处理最低。与传统人工撒施相比,机械侧深施肥下水稻植株氮素积累量较低,钾素积累量较高,磷素积累量无差异,但水稻肥料农学利用效率和偏生产力、氮磷肥的生理利用效率较高;水稻各器官氮素、总氮、总磷和总钾积累量表现为NPK全施处理>NP处理>NK处理>PK处理,水稻氮肥农学利用效率、生理利用效率和偏生产力以NPK全施处理最高,施氮处理的磷肥和钾肥利用效率均高于不施氮处理。机械侧深施肥可有效协同提高水稻产量和肥料利用率,是水稻规模化、轻简化和丰产高效生产的重要施肥方式。

曼陀罗雄配子体发育及花粉活力测定研究

以曼陀罗花为材料,采用石蜡切片法和TTC法,研究了花粉母细胞减数分裂及其雄配子体的发育和花粉活力。结果表明:1)曼陀罗减数分裂中胞质分裂属同时型;2)四分体属四面体型;3)成熟花粉属于2核花粉粒,包括1个营养核和1个精核;4)花粉不同发育时期与花蕾大小具有相关性,曼陀罗花蕾长度约2.0 cm时小孢子处于单核靠边期,可作为花药培养选材依据;5)4个不同发育阶段花粉活力测定结果中,花瓣即将从花萼露出阶段花粉活力最低,为53.47%,花瓣已从花萼露出时期、花朵开放时期、花朵萎蔫时期这3个不同发育阶段之间花粉活力无显著差异,其花粉活力分别为81.17%,87.11%和86.70%。

Shuxuetong injection protects cerebral microvascular endothelial cells against oxygen-glucose deprivation reperfusion

Shuxuetong injection composed of leech(Hirudo nipponica Whitman) and earthworm(Pheretima aspergillum) has been used for the clinical treatment of acute stroke for many years in China. However, the precise neuroprotective mechanism of Shuxuetong injection remains poorly understood. Here, cerebral microvascular endothelial cells(bEnd.3) were incubated in glucose-free Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing 95% N_2/5% CO_2 for 6 hours, followed by high-glucose medium containing 95% O_2 and 5% CO_2 for 18 hours to establish an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion model. This in vitro cell model was administered Shuxuetong injection at 1/32, 1/64, and 1/128 concentrations(diluted 32-, 64-, and 128-times). Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to evaluate cell viability. A fluorescence method was used to measure lactate dehydrogenase, and a fluorescence microplate reader used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species. A fluorescent probe was also used to measure mitochondrial superoxide production. A cell resistance meter was used to measure transepithelial resistance and examine integrity of monolayer cells. The fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran test was performed to examine blood-brain barrier permeability. Real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction was performed to analyze mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Western blot assay was performed to analyze expression of caspase-3, intercellular adhesion molecule 1, vascular cell adhesion molecule 1, occludin, vascular endothelial growth factor, cleaved caspase-3, B-cell lymphoma 2, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase, nuclear factor-κB p65, I kappa B alpha, phosphorylated I kappa B alpha, I kappa B kinase, phosphorylated I kappa B kinase, claudin-5, and zonula occludens-1. Our results show that Shuxuetong injection increases bEnd.3 cell viability and B-cell lymphoma 2 expression, reduces cleaved caspase-3 expression, inhibits production of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial superoxide, suppresses expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, markedly increases transepithelial resistance, decreases blood-brain barrier permeability, upregulates claudin-5, occludin, and zonula occludens-1 expression, reduces nuclear factor-κB p65 and vascular endothelial growth factor expression, and reduces I kappa B alpha, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2, and I kappa B kinase phosphorylation levels. Overall, these findings suggest that Shuxuetong injection has protective effects on brain microvascular endothelial cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion. Moreover, its protective effect is associated with reduction of mitochondrial superoxide production, inhibition of the inflammatory response, and inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2, and the nuclear factor-κB p65 signaling pathway.