BACKGROUND Collision tumors involving the small intestine,specifically the combination of a hamartomatous tumor and a lipoma,are extremely rare.To our knowledge,no previous case report has described a collision tumor ...BACKGROUND Collision tumors involving the small intestine,specifically the combination of a hamartomatous tumor and a lipoma,are extremely rare.To our knowledge,no previous case report has described a collision tumor composed of two benign tumors of different origins in the small intestine.CASE SUMMARY Here,we present the case of an 82-year-old woman who presented with hemorrhagic shock and was found to have a mass measuring approximately 50 mm×32 mm×30 mm in the terminal ileum.Based on computed tomography scan findings,the mass was initially suspected to be a lipoma.A subsequent colonoscopy revealed a pedunculated submucosal elevation consisting of two distinct parts with a visible demarcation line.A biopsy of the upper portion suggested a juvenile polyp(JP).Owing to the patient’s advanced age,multiple comorbidities,and poor surgical tolerance,a modified endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed.Histopathological examination of the excised mucosal mass revealed a lipoma at the base and a JP at the top,demonstrating evidence of rupture and associated bleeding.The patient’s overall health remained satisfactory,with no recurrence of hematochezia during the six-month follow-up period.CONCLUSION This case report provides new evidence for the understanding of gastrointestinal collision tumors,emphasizing their diverse clinical presentations and histopathological characteristics.It also offers diagnostic and therapeutic insights as well as an approach for managing benign collision tumors.展开更多
BACKGROUND Reflux esophagitis(RE) is a common digestive disorder, and its frequent recurrences cause significant physical pain and are financially burdensome to patients. However, studies on the natural history of tre...BACKGROUND Reflux esophagitis(RE) is a common digestive disorder, and its frequent recurrences cause significant physical pain and are financially burdensome to patients. However, studies on the natural history of treated RE are few. Although proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) as the first-line treatment provide notable symptomatic relief, disordered gut microbiota has been observed among PPI users. Probiotics are commonly administered to patients to regulate the disordered intestinal flora.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic effects in RE patients treated with a combination of esomeprazole and probiotics [Bacillus subtilis(B. subtilis) and Enterococcus faecium(E. faecium)].METHODS One hundred and thirty-four RE patients were randomized into two groups of 67 subjects each. The probiotics group was administered with esomeprazole 20 mg b.i.d. and live combined B. subtilis and E. faecium enteric-coated capsules 500 mg t.i.d. for eight weeks; the placebo group was administered with esomeprazole 20 mg b.i.d. and placebo for eight weeks. Subsequently, 12-wk follow-up was carried out on patients who achieved both endoscopic and clinical cure. Endoscopy,reflux diagnostic questionnaire(RDQ), gastrointestinal symptom rating scale(GSRS), and lactulose hydrogen breath test were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effects. A difference of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTSSixty-six patients in the probiotics group and 64 patients in the placebo group completed the 8-wk treatment. The healing rate and RDQ score had no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.05). However, the GSRS diarrhea syndrome score was decreased significantly in the probiotics group(P = 0.002),and the small intestinal bacterial overgrowth negative rate in the probiotics group was significantly higher than that in the placebo group(P = 0.002). Of 114 endoscopically and clinically cured patients, 96 completed the follow-up. The logrank test showed that the time to relapse was shorter in the placebo group than in the probiotics group(P = 0.041). Furthermore, the therapy had a significant influence on relapse time, and the risk of relapse in the probiotics group was lower than that in the placebo group at any time point during the 12-wk followup(hazard ratio = 0.52, P = 0.033).CONCLUSION Esomeprazole combined with probiotics(B. subtilis and E. faecium) have a beneficial effect on RE treatment and patient management.展开更多
Water oxidation is one of the most important reactions in natural and artificial energy conversion schemes.In nature,solar energy is converted to chemical energy via water oxidation at the oxygen-evolving center of ph...Water oxidation is one of the most important reactions in natural and artificial energy conversion schemes.In nature,solar energy is converted to chemical energy via water oxidation at the oxygen-evolving center of photosystem II to generate dioxygen,protons,and electrons.In artificial energy schemes,water oxidation is one of the half reactions of water splitting,which is an appealing strategy for energy conversion via photocatalytic,electrocatalytic,or photoelectrocatalytic processes.Because it is thermodynamically unfavorable and kinetically slow,water oxidation is the bottleneck for achieving large-scale water splitting.Thus,developing highly efficient water oxidation catalysts has attracted the interests of researchers in the past decades.The formation of O-O bonds is typically the rate-determining step of the water oxidation catalytic cycle.Therefore,better understanding this key step is critical for the rational design of more efficient catalysts.This review focuses on elucidating the evolution of metal-oxygen species during transition metal-catalyzed water oxidation,and more importantly,on discussing the feasible O-O bond formation mechanisms during the oxygen evolution reaction over synthetic molecular catalysts.展开更多
Protein adsorption preferentially occurs and significantly affects the physicochemical reactions once the biodegradable magnesium alloys as bone replacements have been implanted. To date, interactions mechanisms betwe...Protein adsorption preferentially occurs and significantly affects the physicochemical reactions once the biodegradable magnesium alloys as bone replacements have been implanted. To date, interactions mechanisms between Mg implants and proteins remain unclear at a molecular level. Thereby, a combination of molecular dynamic(MD) simulations and experimental exploration is used to investigate the adsorption behavior and conformational change of bovine serum albumin(BSA), a representative protein of blood plasma, upon the surface of microarc oxidation(MAO) coated Mg alloy AZ31. The influences of absorbed proteins on the cytocompatibility of MAO coating are evaluated by virtue of cytotoxicity assay. Results indicate that the negatively charged O atoms(BSA) exhibit strong interaction with Mg^(2+) ions of Mg(OH)_(2), revealing that BSA molecules are ionically adsorbed on the AZ31 surface. Interestingly, MD simulation reveals that MAO coating demonstrates superior ability to capture BSA molecules during the process of adsorption owing to strong electric attraction between the negatively charged O atoms in BSA molecules with Mg atoms of MgO in MAO coating. Moreover, the α-helix part of absorbed BSA molecules on AZ31 substrate and MAO coating markedly decreases with an increase in β-sheet, β-turn and unordered contents, which is attributed to the reduction in the number of hydrogen bonds in BSA molecules. Furthermore, the adsorbed BSA molecules improve the cytocompatibility of MAO coating since the positively charged-NH_(3)^(+) group and β-sheet content of absorbed BSA molecules mediate the cell adhesion by interacting with the negatively charged cell membrane.展开更多
In this article, the growth process of chemical bath deposited CdS films was systematically investigated. The structural, optical, and morphological properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmiss...In this article, the growth process of chemical bath deposited CdS films was systematically investigated. The structural, optical, and morphological properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-Vis spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. CdS nanocubes with size of less than 500 nm and nanocrystal-lites with diameter of less than 5 nm forming in reaction solution are observed. According to the TEM results and the SEM morphological evolution of CdS films, a crystal-lite-by-crystallite growth mechanism is proposed to eluci-date the growth process of chemical bath deposited CdS films based on the present growth mechanism.展开更多
AIM: To evaluate the role of the 13C-methacetin breath test(13C-MBT) in the assessment of acute liver injury in a rat model.METHODS: Acute liver injury in rats was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of D-ga...AIM: To evaluate the role of the 13C-methacetin breath test(13C-MBT) in the assessment of acute liver injury in a rat model.METHODS: Acute liver injury in rats was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine(D-GalN). Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a control group(n = 8) and five model groups(each n = 8), and acute liver injury was assessed at different time points(6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h) after D-GalN injection. The 13C-MBT, biochemical tests, 15-min retention rate of indocyanine green(ICGR15), and liver biopsy were performed and compared between the control and model groups. Correlations between parameters of the 13C-MBT(Tmax, MVmax, CUM120 and DOBmax), biochemical tests, ICGR15 and liver necrosis score were also analyzed using Spearman'scorrelation analysis.RESULTS: Tmax, MVmax, CUM120 and DOBmax, as well as most of the traditional methods, correlated with the liver necrosis score(r = 0.493, P < 0.05; r =-0.731, P < 0.01; r =-0.618, P < 0.01; r =-0.592, P < 0.01, respectively). MVmax, CUM120 and DOBmax rapidly decreased and were lower than those in the controls as early as 6 h after D-GalN injection(3.84 ± 0.84 vs 5.06 ± 0.78, P < 0.01; 3.35 ± 0.72 vs 4.21 ± 1.44, P < 0.05; 52.3 ± 20.58 vs 75.1 ± 9.57, P < 0.05, respectively) and reached the lowest point 24 h after D-GalN injection. MVmax, CUM120 and DOBmax returned to normal levels 72 h after D-GalN injection and preceded most of the traditional methods, including liver biopsy.CONCLUSION: The 13C-MBT is a sensitive tool for the timely detection of acute liver injury and early prediction of recovery in a rat model. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate its role in patients with acute liver injury.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the effects of Msx2 on lens epithelium cell cycle, and evaluate the changes of the proliferation, apoptosis of lens epithelium cells. METHODS: Mice lens epithelium cells were cultured and transfect...AIM: To investigate the effects of Msx2 on lens epithelium cell cycle, and evaluate the changes of the proliferation, apoptosis of lens epithelium cells. METHODS: Mice lens epithelium cells were cultured and transfected with pEGFP-Msx2 and control. Msx2-deficient mice (Msx2(-/-)) lens tissue were isolated. Lens tissue and transfected cells were prepared for mRNA extraction using Trizol reagent. CyclinD1 and Prox1 expression were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR. BrdU incorporation and apoptosis rate were investigated by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS: After transfected with pEGFP-Msx2, lens epithelium cells failed to incorporate BrdU and anti - phospho-histone-3 immunofluorescence failed to detect cell nuclei which GFP were positive. Msx2 over expression resulted in increasing apoptosis rate in lens epithelium cells. CyclinD1 and Prox1 expression increased significantly in Msx2 knockout mice by real time RT-PCR quantization and CyclinD1 expression decreased significantly in Msx2overexpressed cell. CONCLUSION: Msx2 has the effect of inhibiting proliferation and differentiation, triggering apoptosis on mice lens epithelium cells.展开更多
A finite element model of vehicle and its airbag landing attenuation system is established and verified experimentally.Two design cases are selected to constrain the airbag design for extreme landing conditions,while ...A finite element model of vehicle and its airbag landing attenuation system is established and verified experimentally.Two design cases are selected to constrain the airbag design for extreme landing conditions,while the height and width of airbag and the area of vent hole are chosen as design variables.The optimization is forced to compromise the design variables between the conflicting requirements of the two extremes.In order to optimize the parameters of airbag,the multi-dimensional response surfaces based on extended Latin hypercube design and radial basis function are employed instead of the complex finite element model.Pareto optimal solution sets based on response surfaces are then obtained by multi-objective genetic algorithm.The results show the optimization method presented in this paper is a practical tool for the optimization of airbag landing attenuation system for heavy airdrop.展开更多
From the UV?Vis absorption spectra,the FT-IR absorption spectra and the Raman spectra,it is deduced that Co ionsprimarily occupy the tetrahedral(A)site,with a minor number of them entering into the octahedral(B)site i...From the UV?Vis absorption spectra,the FT-IR absorption spectra and the Raman spectra,it is deduced that Co ionsprimarily occupy the tetrahedral(A)site,with a minor number of them entering into the octahedral(B)site in the Ni1?xCoxCr2O4compounds.The origin of the position disorder of the Co ions is consistent with the similar ionic radii of the Co ion(0.65?)and theCr ion(0.62?)at B site.The FT-IR peak at about510cm?1shifts towards high frequency side with the increasing cobalt content.Itis resulted from the reduction of the cation?oxygen distance in the octahedron by the replacement of the Ni2+with the Co2+ions.Themagnetic measurement shows that Curie temperatures(TC)are75and90K for the compounds with x=0.2and0.8,respectively.展开更多
Chinese tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis)is an economically important marine fish species with a ZZ/ZW sex determination mechanism,which can be influenced by temperature.Alternative splicing(AS)is an important mecha...Chinese tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis)is an economically important marine fish species with a ZZ/ZW sex determination mechanism,which can be influenced by temperature.Alternative splicing(AS)is an important mechanism regulating the expression of genes related to sex determination and gonadal differentiation,but has rarely been reported in fish.In this study,to explore the molecular regulatory mechanisms of sex determination and gonadal differentiation,we combined isoform and RNA sequencing(Iso-Seq and RNA-Seq)to perform transcriptome profiling of male and female gonads in C.semilaevis.In total,81883 and 32341 full-length transcripts were obtained in males and females,respectively.A total of 8279 AS genes were identified,including 2639 genes showing differential AS(DAS)between males and females.Many intersecting DAS genes and differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were enriched in the meiotic cell cycle pathway,and genes related to gonadal differentiation,such as esrrb and wt1a,were found to have sex-specific isoforms.Thus,this study revealed AS events in the gonadal transcriptomes of male and female C.semilaevis,described the characteristics of active transcription in the testes,and identified candidate genes for studying the regulatory mechanisms of AS during gonadal differentiation.展开更多
Black Arsenic-phosphorus(AsP)monolayer is a novel two-dimensional nanomaterial with the characteristics of modest direct bandgap and superhigh carrier mobility.However,little is known about how the surface adsorption ...Black Arsenic-phosphorus(AsP)monolayer is a novel two-dimensional nanomaterial with the characteristics of modest direct bandgap and superhigh carrier mobility.However,little is known about how the surface adsorption affects the property of AsP monolayer.Motivated by this,we researched systematically the geometry,adsorption energy,magnetic moment and electronic structure of 11 different adatoms adsorbed on AsP monolayer using firstprinciples calculations.The adatoms used in this study include light nonmetallic(C,N,O)adatoms,period-3 metal(Na,Mg,Al)adatoms,and transition-metal(Ti,V,Cr,Mn,and Fe)adatoms.The adatoms cause an abundant variety of structural,magnetic and electronic properties.This study shows that AsP binds strongly with all adatoms under study and the adsorption energies in all systems are much stronger than that on graphene,Si C,BN,or MoS2.The semiconductor property of AsP is affected by the introduction of adsorbed atoms,which can induce mid-gap states or cause n-type doping.Moreover,the adatom adsorptions cause various spintronic characteristics:N-,Ti-,and Fe-adsorbed AsP become bipolar semiconductors,while the Mn-decorated AsP becomes a bipolar spin-gapless semiconductor.Our results suggest that atomic adsorption on AsP monolayers has potential application in the field of nanoelectronics and spintronics.展开更多
α-Fe2O3 thin films have been synthesized and used as photoanodes for photo-electrochemical (PEC) water oxidation. Molybdate was introduced to mediate hematite thin films via two synthesis routes (namely in situin sit...α-Fe2O3 thin films have been synthesized and used as photoanodes for photo-electrochemical (PEC) water oxidation. Molybdate was introduced to mediate hematite thin films via two synthesis routes (namely in situin situ mediation and ex situ modification). Through the in situ mediation process, the morphology and film thickness could be changed significantly due to the addition of MoO42-, while for the ex situ modification, the PEC performance of the hematite has been greatly improved without changing the nanorod morphology. Various characterizations such as UV-Vis absorption, transmission electronic microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, Mott-Schottky, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were conducted and the PEC performances were investigated.展开更多
Urea L-malic acid, a new second order nonlinear optical crystal, was studied using density functional theory (DFT). PBEPBE/6-31+G(d,p) method, the optimal method for comparing the results from the several DFT met...Urea L-malic acid, a new second order nonlinear optical crystal, was studied using density functional theory (DFT). PBEPBE/6-31+G(d,p) method, the optimal method for comparing the results from the several DFT methods, was chosen to study the molecular structure. Infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectra were obtained and compared with experiments. The ultraviolet-visible spectrum was also analyzed by the molecular orbital population. The geometries, and the infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectra in water were studied using DFT methods in combination with the polarized continuum model to predict the perturbations by the solvent effect.展开更多
A tunable metamaterial absorber(MA)with dual-broadband and high absorption properties at terahertz(THz)frequencies is designed in this work.The MA consists of a periodic array of flower-like monolayer graphene pattern...A tunable metamaterial absorber(MA)with dual-broadband and high absorption properties at terahertz(THz)frequencies is designed in this work.The MA consists of a periodic array of flower-like monolayer graphene patterns at top,a SiO_(2)dielectric spacer in middle,and a gold ground plane at the bottom.The simulation results demonstrate that the designed MA has two wide absorption bands with an absorption of over 90%in frequency ranges of 0.68 THz-1.63 THz and 3.34 THz-4.08 THz,and the corresponding relative bandwidths reach 82.3%and 20%,respectively.The peak absorptivity of the absorber can be dynamically controlled from less than 10%to nearly 100%by adjusting the graphene chemical potential from 0 eV to 0.9 eV.Furthermore,the designed absorber is polarization-insensitive and has good robustness to incident angles.Such a high-performance MA has broad application prospects in THz imaging,modulating,filtering,etc.展开更多
The ^1 S0 nucleonic superfluids are investigated within the relativistic meanfield model and Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory in hyperonic neutron stars. The ^1 S0 pairing gaps of neutrons and protons are calculated b...The ^1 S0 nucleonic superfluids are investigated within the relativistic meanfield model and Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory in hyperonic neutron stars. The ^1 S0 pairing gaps of neutrons and protons are calculated based on the Reid soft-core interaction as the nucleon-nucleon interaction. In particular, we have studied the influence of degrees of freedom for hyperons on the ^1 S0 nucleonic pairing gap in neutron star matter. It is found that the appearance of hyperons has little impact on the baryonic density range and the size of the ^1S0 neutronic pairing gap; the ^1S0 protonic pairing gap also decreases slightly in this region where ρB = 0.0-0.393 fm^-3. However, if baryonic density becomes greater than 0.393 fm^-3, the ^1S0 protonic pairing gap obviously increases. In addition, the possible range for a protonic superfluid is obviously enlarged due to the presence of hyperons. In our results, the hyperons change the 1 So protonic pairing gap, which must change the cooling properties of neutron stars.展开更多
Objective:To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of Gualou Niubang decoction in the treatment of acute mastitis.Methods:Randomized controlled trials of Gualou Niubang decoction in the treatment of acute mast...Objective:To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of Gualou Niubang decoction in the treatment of acute mastitis.Methods:Randomized controlled trials of Gualou Niubang decoction in the treatment of acute mastitis included in PubMed,Springer,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang,Weipu,and China Biomedical Literature Database from January 2016 to present.The Cochrane risk bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias.Used Revman 5.3 software for Meta analysis.Results:There are 8 articles that meet the inclusion criteria,comprising 919 subjects,the test group were 462,cases and control group were 457 cases.The results of statistical analysis showed that the clinical efficacy of the experimental group was significantly higher than which of the control group,[RR=1.19,95%CI(1.07,1.33),P=0.002],the difference was statistically significant.Among the secondary outcome indicators,compared to the control group,Gualou Niubang decoction can effectively relieve the main symptoms of acute mastitis[MD=-1.96,95%CI(-2.27,-1.65),P<0.0001].Gualou Niubang decoction combined with antibiotics can shorten the length of hospital stay[MD=-5.23,95%CI(-6.02,-4.44),P<0.00001]and reduce white blood cell count[MD=-2.40,95%CI(-4.71,-0.08),P=0.04]are better than antibiotics.Conclusion:The use of Gualou Niubang decoction to treat acute mastitis can not only improve clinical efficacy,but also effectively relieve clinical symptoms,shorten hospital stay and reduce white blood cell count.展开更多
Objective: The purpose of the study is to investigate the degree and influencing factors of self-perceived burden in elderly patients with essential hypertension in China's Mainland. Methods:The study used the cro...Objective: The purpose of the study is to investigate the degree and influencing factors of self-perceived burden in elderly patients with essential hypertension in China's Mainland. Methods:The study used the cross-sectional investigation method and the patients were recruited from six tertiary hospitals in Chengdu, China. A convenience sample of 451 elderly patients with essential hypertension was included in this study. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed as well. Results: Results showed that the score of elderly essential hypertension patients’self-perceived burden was 27.96 ± 6.04, which was at medium degree. According to Spearman's r test the anxiety, depression and medication compliance with Self-perceived burden (SPB) of elderly hypertension patients were statistically significant (r=0.372, 0.899,0.438,P=0.000,respectively). Single factor analysis showed that the difference of patients’ gender, place of residence, monthly per capita income, marital status, whether can afford medical expenses and number of complications in SPB scores was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis also showed that anxiety, medication compliance, age and marital status were the main influencing factor of SPB of elderly hypertension patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our care workers should pay attention to the self-perceived burden of elderly patients with essential hypertension, and omnibearing, systematic nursing should be supplied to decrease the self-perceived burden of them.展开更多
Female-to-male sex reversals(pseudomales)are common in lower vertebrates and have been found in natural populations,which is a concern under rapid changes in environmental conditions.Pseudomales can exhibit altered sp...Female-to-male sex reversals(pseudomales)are common in lower vertebrates and have been found in natural populations,which is a concern under rapid changes in environmental conditions.Pseudomales can exhibit altered spermatogenesis.However,the regulatory mechanisms underlying pseudomale spermatogenesis remain unclear.Here,we characterized spermatogenesis in Chinese tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis),a species with genetic and environmental sex determination,based on a highresolution single-cell RNA-seq atlas of cells derived from the testes of genotypic males and pseudomales.We identified five germ cell types and six somatic cell types and obtained a single-cell atlas of dynamic changes in gene expression during spermatogenesis in Chinese tongue sole,including alterations in pseudomales.We detected decreased levels of Ca^(2+)signaling pathway-related genes in spermatogonia,insufficient meiotic initiation in spermatocytes,and a malfunction of somatic niche cells in pseudomales.However,a cluster of CaSR genes and MAPK signaling factors were upregulated in undifferentiated spermatogonia of pseudomales.Additionally,we revealed that Z chromosome-specific genes,such as piwil2,dhx37,and ehmt1,were important for spermatogenesis.These results improve our understanding of reproduction after female-to-male sex-reversal and provide new insights into the adaptability of reproductive strategies in lower vertebrates.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82204994and Sanming Project of Medicine in Shenzhen,No.
文摘BACKGROUND Collision tumors involving the small intestine,specifically the combination of a hamartomatous tumor and a lipoma,are extremely rare.To our knowledge,no previous case report has described a collision tumor composed of two benign tumors of different origins in the small intestine.CASE SUMMARY Here,we present the case of an 82-year-old woman who presented with hemorrhagic shock and was found to have a mass measuring approximately 50 mm×32 mm×30 mm in the terminal ileum.Based on computed tomography scan findings,the mass was initially suspected to be a lipoma.A subsequent colonoscopy revealed a pedunculated submucosal elevation consisting of two distinct parts with a visible demarcation line.A biopsy of the upper portion suggested a juvenile polyp(JP).Owing to the patient’s advanced age,multiple comorbidities,and poor surgical tolerance,a modified endoscopic submucosal dissection was performed.Histopathological examination of the excised mucosal mass revealed a lipoma at the base and a JP at the top,demonstrating evidence of rupture and associated bleeding.The patient’s overall health remained satisfactory,with no recurrence of hematochezia during the six-month follow-up period.CONCLUSION This case report provides new evidence for the understanding of gastrointestinal collision tumors,emphasizing their diverse clinical presentations and histopathological characteristics.It also offers diagnostic and therapeutic insights as well as an approach for managing benign collision tumors.
基金Supported by Shandong Provincial Medical and Health Technology Development Project,No.2014ws0020
文摘BACKGROUND Reflux esophagitis(RE) is a common digestive disorder, and its frequent recurrences cause significant physical pain and are financially burdensome to patients. However, studies on the natural history of treated RE are few. Although proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) as the first-line treatment provide notable symptomatic relief, disordered gut microbiota has been observed among PPI users. Probiotics are commonly administered to patients to regulate the disordered intestinal flora.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic effects in RE patients treated with a combination of esomeprazole and probiotics [Bacillus subtilis(B. subtilis) and Enterococcus faecium(E. faecium)].METHODS One hundred and thirty-four RE patients were randomized into two groups of 67 subjects each. The probiotics group was administered with esomeprazole 20 mg b.i.d. and live combined B. subtilis and E. faecium enteric-coated capsules 500 mg t.i.d. for eight weeks; the placebo group was administered with esomeprazole 20 mg b.i.d. and placebo for eight weeks. Subsequently, 12-wk follow-up was carried out on patients who achieved both endoscopic and clinical cure. Endoscopy,reflux diagnostic questionnaire(RDQ), gastrointestinal symptom rating scale(GSRS), and lactulose hydrogen breath test were performed to evaluate the therapeutic effects. A difference of P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.RESULTSSixty-six patients in the probiotics group and 64 patients in the placebo group completed the 8-wk treatment. The healing rate and RDQ score had no significant difference between the two groups(P > 0.05). However, the GSRS diarrhea syndrome score was decreased significantly in the probiotics group(P = 0.002),and the small intestinal bacterial overgrowth negative rate in the probiotics group was significantly higher than that in the placebo group(P = 0.002). Of 114 endoscopically and clinically cured patients, 96 completed the follow-up. The logrank test showed that the time to relapse was shorter in the placebo group than in the probiotics group(P = 0.041). Furthermore, the therapy had a significant influence on relapse time, and the risk of relapse in the probiotics group was lower than that in the placebo group at any time point during the 12-wk followup(hazard ratio = 0.52, P = 0.033).CONCLUSION Esomeprazole combined with probiotics(B. subtilis and E. faecium) have a beneficial effect on RE treatment and patient management.
文摘Water oxidation is one of the most important reactions in natural and artificial energy conversion schemes.In nature,solar energy is converted to chemical energy via water oxidation at the oxygen-evolving center of photosystem II to generate dioxygen,protons,and electrons.In artificial energy schemes,water oxidation is one of the half reactions of water splitting,which is an appealing strategy for energy conversion via photocatalytic,electrocatalytic,or photoelectrocatalytic processes.Because it is thermodynamically unfavorable and kinetically slow,water oxidation is the bottleneck for achieving large-scale water splitting.Thus,developing highly efficient water oxidation catalysts has attracted the interests of researchers in the past decades.The formation of O-O bonds is typically the rate-determining step of the water oxidation catalytic cycle.Therefore,better understanding this key step is critical for the rational design of more efficient catalysts.This review focuses on elucidating the evolution of metal-oxygen species during transition metal-catalyzed water oxidation,and more importantly,on discussing the feasible O-O bond formation mechanisms during the oxygen evolution reaction over synthetic molecular catalysts.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52071191)。
文摘Protein adsorption preferentially occurs and significantly affects the physicochemical reactions once the biodegradable magnesium alloys as bone replacements have been implanted. To date, interactions mechanisms between Mg implants and proteins remain unclear at a molecular level. Thereby, a combination of molecular dynamic(MD) simulations and experimental exploration is used to investigate the adsorption behavior and conformational change of bovine serum albumin(BSA), a representative protein of blood plasma, upon the surface of microarc oxidation(MAO) coated Mg alloy AZ31. The influences of absorbed proteins on the cytocompatibility of MAO coating are evaluated by virtue of cytotoxicity assay. Results indicate that the negatively charged O atoms(BSA) exhibit strong interaction with Mg^(2+) ions of Mg(OH)_(2), revealing that BSA molecules are ionically adsorbed on the AZ31 surface. Interestingly, MD simulation reveals that MAO coating demonstrates superior ability to capture BSA molecules during the process of adsorption owing to strong electric attraction between the negatively charged O atoms in BSA molecules with Mg atoms of MgO in MAO coating. Moreover, the α-helix part of absorbed BSA molecules on AZ31 substrate and MAO coating markedly decreases with an increase in β-sheet, β-turn and unordered contents, which is attributed to the reduction in the number of hydrogen bonds in BSA molecules. Furthermore, the adsorbed BSA molecules improve the cytocompatibility of MAO coating since the positively charged-NH_(3)^(+) group and β-sheet content of absorbed BSA molecules mediate the cell adhesion by interacting with the negatively charged cell membrane.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21101151)the Innovative Talent Program of Institute of Electrical Engineering(No.O940171C41)
文摘In this article, the growth process of chemical bath deposited CdS films was systematically investigated. The structural, optical, and morphological properties were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV-Vis spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), respectively. CdS nanocubes with size of less than 500 nm and nanocrystal-lites with diameter of less than 5 nm forming in reaction solution are observed. According to the TEM results and the SEM morphological evolution of CdS films, a crystal-lite-by-crystallite growth mechanism is proposed to eluci-date the growth process of chemical bath deposited CdS films based on the present growth mechanism.
基金Supported by Beijing Health System Advanced Health Technology Talent Cultivation Plan,No.2011-2-08
文摘AIM: To evaluate the role of the 13C-methacetin breath test(13C-MBT) in the assessment of acute liver injury in a rat model.METHODS: Acute liver injury in rats was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine(D-GalN). Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to a control group(n = 8) and five model groups(each n = 8), and acute liver injury was assessed at different time points(6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h) after D-GalN injection. The 13C-MBT, biochemical tests, 15-min retention rate of indocyanine green(ICGR15), and liver biopsy were performed and compared between the control and model groups. Correlations between parameters of the 13C-MBT(Tmax, MVmax, CUM120 and DOBmax), biochemical tests, ICGR15 and liver necrosis score were also analyzed using Spearman'scorrelation analysis.RESULTS: Tmax, MVmax, CUM120 and DOBmax, as well as most of the traditional methods, correlated with the liver necrosis score(r = 0.493, P < 0.05; r =-0.731, P < 0.01; r =-0.618, P < 0.01; r =-0.592, P < 0.01, respectively). MVmax, CUM120 and DOBmax rapidly decreased and were lower than those in the controls as early as 6 h after D-GalN injection(3.84 ± 0.84 vs 5.06 ± 0.78, P < 0.01; 3.35 ± 0.72 vs 4.21 ± 1.44, P < 0.05; 52.3 ± 20.58 vs 75.1 ± 9.57, P < 0.05, respectively) and reached the lowest point 24 h after D-GalN injection. MVmax, CUM120 and DOBmax returned to normal levels 72 h after D-GalN injection and preceded most of the traditional methods, including liver biopsy.CONCLUSION: The 13C-MBT is a sensitive tool for the timely detection of acute liver injury and early prediction of recovery in a rat model. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate its role in patients with acute liver injury.
基金Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China (No. 2011225014)
文摘AIM: To investigate the effects of Msx2 on lens epithelium cell cycle, and evaluate the changes of the proliferation, apoptosis of lens epithelium cells. METHODS: Mice lens epithelium cells were cultured and transfected with pEGFP-Msx2 and control. Msx2-deficient mice (Msx2(-/-)) lens tissue were isolated. Lens tissue and transfected cells were prepared for mRNA extraction using Trizol reagent. CyclinD1 and Prox1 expression were evaluated by real-time RT-PCR. BrdU incorporation and apoptosis rate were investigated by immunofluorescence and flow cytometry analysis. RESULTS: After transfected with pEGFP-Msx2, lens epithelium cells failed to incorporate BrdU and anti - phospho-histone-3 immunofluorescence failed to detect cell nuclei which GFP were positive. Msx2 over expression resulted in increasing apoptosis rate in lens epithelium cells. CyclinD1 and Prox1 expression increased significantly in Msx2 knockout mice by real time RT-PCR quantization and CyclinD1 expression decreased significantly in Msx2overexpressed cell. CONCLUSION: Msx2 has the effect of inhibiting proliferation and differentiation, triggering apoptosis on mice lens epithelium cells.
文摘A finite element model of vehicle and its airbag landing attenuation system is established and verified experimentally.Two design cases are selected to constrain the airbag design for extreme landing conditions,while the height and width of airbag and the area of vent hole are chosen as design variables.The optimization is forced to compromise the design variables between the conflicting requirements of the two extremes.In order to optimize the parameters of airbag,the multi-dimensional response surfaces based on extended Latin hypercube design and radial basis function are employed instead of the complex finite element model.Pareto optimal solution sets based on response surfaces are then obtained by multi-objective genetic algorithm.The results show the optimization method presented in this paper is a practical tool for the optimization of airbag landing attenuation system for heavy airdrop.
基金Project(11264024)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProjects(2015MS0102,2015MS0524)supported by Natural Science Foundation of Inner Mongolia,China
文摘From the UV?Vis absorption spectra,the FT-IR absorption spectra and the Raman spectra,it is deduced that Co ionsprimarily occupy the tetrahedral(A)site,with a minor number of them entering into the octahedral(B)site in the Ni1?xCoxCr2O4compounds.The origin of the position disorder of the Co ions is consistent with the similar ionic radii of the Co ion(0.65?)and theCr ion(0.62?)at B site.The FT-IR peak at about510cm?1shifts towards high frequency side with the increasing cobalt content.Itis resulted from the reduction of the cation?oxygen distance in the octahedron by the replacement of the Ni2+with the Co2+ions.Themagnetic measurement shows that Curie temperatures(TC)are75and90K for the compounds with x=0.2and0.8,respectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31722058,31802275,and 31472269)National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0900301)+6 种基金AoShan Talents Cultivation Program Supported by Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(2017ASTCP-ES06)Taishan Scholar Project Fund of Shandong of China to C.W.S.National Ten-Thousands Talents Special Support Program to C.W.S.Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,CAFS(2020TD19)Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,YSFRI,CAFS(20603022021018)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-47-G03)Guangdong South China Sea Key Laboratory of Aquaculture for Aquatic Economic Animals,Guangdong Ocean University(KFKT2019ZD03)。
文摘Chinese tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis)is an economically important marine fish species with a ZZ/ZW sex determination mechanism,which can be influenced by temperature.Alternative splicing(AS)is an important mechanism regulating the expression of genes related to sex determination and gonadal differentiation,but has rarely been reported in fish.In this study,to explore the molecular regulatory mechanisms of sex determination and gonadal differentiation,we combined isoform and RNA sequencing(Iso-Seq and RNA-Seq)to perform transcriptome profiling of male and female gonads in C.semilaevis.In total,81883 and 32341 full-length transcripts were obtained in males and females,respectively.A total of 8279 AS genes were identified,including 2639 genes showing differential AS(DAS)between males and females.Many intersecting DAS genes and differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were enriched in the meiotic cell cycle pathway,and genes related to gonadal differentiation,such as esrrb and wt1a,were found to have sex-specific isoforms.Thus,this study revealed AS events in the gonadal transcriptomes of male and female C.semilaevis,described the characteristics of active transcription in the testes,and identified candidate genes for studying the regulatory mechanisms of AS during gonadal differentiation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11404268 and No.11774294)the Sichuan Province Applied Science and Technology Project(No.2017JY0056)the R&D Program for International ST Cooperation and Exchanges of Sichuan province(No.2018HH0088)。
文摘Black Arsenic-phosphorus(AsP)monolayer is a novel two-dimensional nanomaterial with the characteristics of modest direct bandgap and superhigh carrier mobility.However,little is known about how the surface adsorption affects the property of AsP monolayer.Motivated by this,we researched systematically the geometry,adsorption energy,magnetic moment and electronic structure of 11 different adatoms adsorbed on AsP monolayer using firstprinciples calculations.The adatoms used in this study include light nonmetallic(C,N,O)adatoms,period-3 metal(Na,Mg,Al)adatoms,and transition-metal(Ti,V,Cr,Mn,and Fe)adatoms.The adatoms cause an abundant variety of structural,magnetic and electronic properties.This study shows that AsP binds strongly with all adatoms under study and the adsorption energies in all systems are much stronger than that on graphene,Si C,BN,or MoS2.The semiconductor property of AsP is affected by the introduction of adsorbed atoms,which can induce mid-gap states or cause n-type doping.Moreover,the adatom adsorptions cause various spintronic characteristics:N-,Ti-,and Fe-adsorbed AsP become bipolar semiconductors,while the Mn-decorated AsP becomes a bipolar spin-gapless semiconductor.Our results suggest that atomic adsorption on AsP monolayers has potential application in the field of nanoelectronics and spintronics.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21671148,No.21576215,and No.21503147)Research Project of Tianjin Municipal Education Committee(2017KJ261)
文摘α-Fe2O3 thin films have been synthesized and used as photoanodes for photo-electrochemical (PEC) water oxidation. Molybdate was introduced to mediate hematite thin films via two synthesis routes (namely in situin situ mediation and ex situ modification). Through the in situ mediation process, the morphology and film thickness could be changed significantly due to the addition of MoO42-, while for the ex situ modification, the PEC performance of the hematite has been greatly improved without changing the nanorod morphology. Various characterizations such as UV-Vis absorption, transmission electronic microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, Mott-Schottky, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were conducted and the PEC performances were investigated.
基金ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This work was supported by the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University, the Science and Technology Foundation for Young Scholars in Sichuan Province, and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.10774104).
文摘Urea L-malic acid, a new second order nonlinear optical crystal, was studied using density functional theory (DFT). PBEPBE/6-31+G(d,p) method, the optimal method for comparing the results from the several DFT methods, was chosen to study the molecular structure. Infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectra were obtained and compared with experiments. The ultraviolet-visible spectrum was also analyzed by the molecular orbital population. The geometries, and the infrared and ultraviolet-visible spectra in water were studied using DFT methods in combination with the polarized continuum model to predict the perturbations by the solvent effect.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11504006 and 61805072)the Key Scientific Research Project of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province,China(Grant No.22A140001)。
文摘A tunable metamaterial absorber(MA)with dual-broadband and high absorption properties at terahertz(THz)frequencies is designed in this work.The MA consists of a periodic array of flower-like monolayer graphene patterns at top,a SiO_(2)dielectric spacer in middle,and a gold ground plane at the bottom.The simulation results demonstrate that the designed MA has two wide absorption bands with an absorption of over 90%in frequency ranges of 0.68 THz-1.63 THz and 3.34 THz-4.08 THz,and the corresponding relative bandwidths reach 82.3%and 20%,respectively.The peak absorptivity of the absorber can be dynamically controlled from less than 10%to nearly 100%by adjusting the graphene chemical potential from 0 eV to 0.9 eV.Furthermore,the designed absorber is polarization-insensitive and has good robustness to incident angles.Such a high-performance MA has broad application prospects in THz imaging,modulating,filtering,etc.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘The ^1 S0 nucleonic superfluids are investigated within the relativistic meanfield model and Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory in hyperonic neutron stars. The ^1 S0 pairing gaps of neutrons and protons are calculated based on the Reid soft-core interaction as the nucleon-nucleon interaction. In particular, we have studied the influence of degrees of freedom for hyperons on the ^1 S0 nucleonic pairing gap in neutron star matter. It is found that the appearance of hyperons has little impact on the baryonic density range and the size of the ^1S0 neutronic pairing gap; the ^1S0 protonic pairing gap also decreases slightly in this region where ρB = 0.0-0.393 fm^-3. However, if baryonic density becomes greater than 0.393 fm^-3, the ^1S0 protonic pairing gap obviously increases. In addition, the possible range for a protonic superfluid is obviously enlarged due to the presence of hyperons. In our results, the hyperons change the 1 So protonic pairing gap, which must change the cooling properties of neutron stars.
基金General Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81974584)。
文摘Objective:To systematically evaluate the clinical efficacy of Gualou Niubang decoction in the treatment of acute mastitis.Methods:Randomized controlled trials of Gualou Niubang decoction in the treatment of acute mastitis included in PubMed,Springer,Embase,Cochrane Library,CNKI,Wanfang,Weipu,and China Biomedical Literature Database from January 2016 to present.The Cochrane risk bias assessment tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias.Used Revman 5.3 software for Meta analysis.Results:There are 8 articles that meet the inclusion criteria,comprising 919 subjects,the test group were 462,cases and control group were 457 cases.The results of statistical analysis showed that the clinical efficacy of the experimental group was significantly higher than which of the control group,[RR=1.19,95%CI(1.07,1.33),P=0.002],the difference was statistically significant.Among the secondary outcome indicators,compared to the control group,Gualou Niubang decoction can effectively relieve the main symptoms of acute mastitis[MD=-1.96,95%CI(-2.27,-1.65),P<0.0001].Gualou Niubang decoction combined with antibiotics can shorten the length of hospital stay[MD=-5.23,95%CI(-6.02,-4.44),P<0.00001]and reduce white blood cell count[MD=-2.40,95%CI(-4.71,-0.08),P=0.04]are better than antibiotics.Conclusion:The use of Gualou Niubang decoction to treat acute mastitis can not only improve clinical efficacy,but also effectively relieve clinical symptoms,shorten hospital stay and reduce white blood cell count.
文摘Objective: The purpose of the study is to investigate the degree and influencing factors of self-perceived burden in elderly patients with essential hypertension in China's Mainland. Methods:The study used the cross-sectional investigation method and the patients were recruited from six tertiary hospitals in Chengdu, China. A convenience sample of 451 elderly patients with essential hypertension was included in this study. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed as well. Results: Results showed that the score of elderly essential hypertension patients’self-perceived burden was 27.96 ± 6.04, which was at medium degree. According to Spearman's r test the anxiety, depression and medication compliance with Self-perceived burden (SPB) of elderly hypertension patients were statistically significant (r=0.372, 0.899,0.438,P=0.000,respectively). Single factor analysis showed that the difference of patients’ gender, place of residence, monthly per capita income, marital status, whether can afford medical expenses and number of complications in SPB scores was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis also showed that anxiety, medication compliance, age and marital status were the main influencing factor of SPB of elderly hypertension patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our care workers should pay attention to the self-perceived burden of elderly patients with essential hypertension, and omnibearing, systematic nursing should be supplied to decrease the self-perceived burden of them.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2018YFD0900301)the National Nature Science Foundation of China(31722058,31802275,31472269)+4 种基金the AoShan Talents Cultivation Program Supported by Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(2017ASTCP-ES06)the Taishan Scholar Project Fund of Shandong of China to C.S.the National Ten-Thousands Talents Special Support Program to C.S.the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund,CAFS(2020TD19)the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-47-G03)。
文摘Female-to-male sex reversals(pseudomales)are common in lower vertebrates and have been found in natural populations,which is a concern under rapid changes in environmental conditions.Pseudomales can exhibit altered spermatogenesis.However,the regulatory mechanisms underlying pseudomale spermatogenesis remain unclear.Here,we characterized spermatogenesis in Chinese tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis),a species with genetic and environmental sex determination,based on a highresolution single-cell RNA-seq atlas of cells derived from the testes of genotypic males and pseudomales.We identified five germ cell types and six somatic cell types and obtained a single-cell atlas of dynamic changes in gene expression during spermatogenesis in Chinese tongue sole,including alterations in pseudomales.We detected decreased levels of Ca^(2+)signaling pathway-related genes in spermatogonia,insufficient meiotic initiation in spermatocytes,and a malfunction of somatic niche cells in pseudomales.However,a cluster of CaSR genes and MAPK signaling factors were upregulated in undifferentiated spermatogonia of pseudomales.Additionally,we revealed that Z chromosome-specific genes,such as piwil2,dhx37,and ehmt1,were important for spermatogenesis.These results improve our understanding of reproduction after female-to-male sex-reversal and provide new insights into the adaptability of reproductive strategies in lower vertebrates.