The world's population is growing,leading to an increasing demand for freshwater resources for drinking,sanitation,agriculture,and industry.Interfacial solar steam generation(ISSG)can solve many problems,such as m...The world's population is growing,leading to an increasing demand for freshwater resources for drinking,sanitation,agriculture,and industry.Interfacial solar steam generation(ISSG)can solve many problems,such as mitigating the power crisis,minimizing water pollution,and improving the purification and desalination of seawater,rivers/lakes,and wastewater.Cellulosic materials are a viable and ecologically sound technique for capturing solar energy that is adaptable to a range of applications.This review paper aims to provide an overview of current advancements in the field of cellulose-based materials ISSG devices,specifically focusing on their applications in water purification and desalination.This paper examines the cellulose-based materials ISSG system and evaluates the effectiveness of various cellulosic materials,such as cellulose nanofibers derived from different sources,carbonized wood materials,and two-dimensional(2D)and 3D cellulosic-based materials from various sources,as well as advanced cellulosic materials,including bacterial cellulose and cellulose membranes obtained from agricultural and industrial cellulose wastes.The focus is on exploring the potential applications of these materials in ISSG devices for water desalination,purification,and treatment.The function,advantages,and disadvantages of cellulosic materials in the performance of ISSG devices were also deliberated throughout our discussion.In addition,the potential and suggested methods for enhancing the utilization of cellulose-based materials in the field of ISSG systems for water desalination,purification,and treatment were also emphasized.展开更多
During deep-water gas wells testing period, predicting the generating zone of hydrate precisely in the whole flow range (bore holes and surface flow lines) is the key prerequisite of guarantee for testing flow. The un...During deep-water gas wells testing period, predicting the generating zone of hydrate precisely in the whole flow range (bore holes and surface flow lines) is the key prerequisite of guarantee for testing flow. The unusual deep-water environment and low gas density make it easy to meet the conditions of hydrate generation during deep-water gas wells testing period, such as low temperature and high pressure, especially under the testing conditions, for instance, near mud line, surface chock line, low gas generating rate and surface shut-in. Wherefore, in view of all the operational modes during testing period (clean-out, variable rate flow, downhole and surface shut-in), based on temperature field of the whole flow range and phase equilibrium condition of hydrate, predicting method of hydrate generation zone is published;by taking enthalpy as the object of study, temperature calculation model increases the accuracy of temperature prediction;by integration of bore holes and surface lines, predicting plate of hydrate generation in the whole flow range is published. During flow period, the generating condition of hydrate is affected by rate of flow, and the lower the rate of flow is, the wider the hydrate generation zone is;during the stage of shut-in and initial flow, if pressure of strings is higher and temperature is lower, risk of hydrate generation will be greater and hydrate generation zone will be larger, so relevant actions should be taken to restrain hydrate generation.展开更多
This paper focuses on designing an adaptive radial basis function neural network(RBFNN) control method for a class of nonlinear systems with unknown parameters and bounded disturbances. The problems raised by the unkn...This paper focuses on designing an adaptive radial basis function neural network(RBFNN) control method for a class of nonlinear systems with unknown parameters and bounded disturbances. The problems raised by the unknown functions and external disturbances in the nonlinear system are overcome by RBFNN, combined with the single parameter direct adaptive control method. The novel adaptive control method is designed to reduce the amount of computations effectively.The uniform ultimate boundedness of the closed-loop system is guaranteed by the proposed controller. A coupled motor drives(CMD) system, which satisfies the structure of nonlinear system,is taken for simulation to confirm the effectiveness of the method.Simulations show that the developed adaptive controller has favorable performance on tracking desired signal and verify the stability of the closed-loop system.展开更多
In this paper, we have demonstrated a facile and low-cost synthesis of the ZnO/CuO nanocomposites by two-step hydrothermal methods. The photocatalytic properties of the as-synthesized ZnO/CuO nanocomposites have been ...In this paper, we have demonstrated a facile and low-cost synthesis of the ZnO/CuO nanocomposites by two-step hydrothermal methods. The photocatalytic properties of the as-synthesized ZnO/CuO nanocomposites have been evaluated by the photodegradation of methylene blue(MB) and methyleneorange(MO) under UV irradiation. Experimental results show that MB and MO can be degraded completely within 15 and 25 min by the ZnO/CuO nanocomposites and its photodegradation rate is 6 times faster than that of pure ZnO. This enhanced photocatalytic activity can be ascribed to the low recombination probability of photo-induced carriers due to the efficient charge transfer in the nanocomposites. The as-synthesized ZnO/CuO nanocomposite may be a promising candidate for dye photodegradation of wastewaters.展开更多
Previous studies have shown that sympathetic nerves are related to certain types of pain, and this phenomenon is referred to as sympathetic-sensory coupling. Chronic pain resulting from nerve injury can be exacerbated...Previous studies have shown that sympathetic nerves are related to certain types of pain, and this phenomenon is referred to as sympathetic-sensory coupling. Chronic pain resulting from nerve injury can be exacerbated by sympathetic stimulation or relieved by sympathetic inhibition. In the present study, the correlation between pain and sympathetic nerves was analyzed in patients with severe pain in lower limbs, as we^l as in a chronically compressed dorsa~ root ganglion ~CCD） rat model （model of low back pain and sciatica）. Patients with severe pain in the lower limbs underwent chemical lumbar sympathectomy （CLS）, and the analgesic effects of CLS were compared with painkillers. Results demonstrated significantly relieved lower limb pain following CLS, and the analgesic effects of CLS were superior to those seen with painkillers. In the CCD rat model, dorsal root ganglion neuronal activity significantly increased as a result of electrical stimulation to the sympathetic nerves. These results suggest that sympathetic nerves are closely associated with pain and sympathetic-sensory coupling is likely in lower limb pain in both patients and rat models of CCD.展开更多
This paper firstly introduced domestic and foreign supply of products processed by aromatherapy plant. On the basis of predicting market demand of aromatherapy plant,it analyzed current development situation of the pl...This paper firstly introduced domestic and foreign supply of products processed by aromatherapy plant. On the basis of predicting market demand of aromatherapy plant,it analyzed current development situation of the plant in Yunnan Province. It arrived at the conclusion that the industry has broad market prospect. Then,it analyzed competitive advantages and risk factors of aromatherapy plant in Yunnan Province. There are climate,location and price advantages,but due to lack of product standard,it is difficult to guarantee quality,and there are certain market risks. Finally,it put forward recommendations for development of aromatherapy industry:( 1) taking full advantage of preferential policies to set up leading enterprises and realize radiated development;( 2) bringing into play of resource advantages and introducing capitals and technologies;( 3) Fostering market and driving the industrial development.展开更多
Aromatic liquor breweries produce massive distiller grains containing a high percentage of rice husks that necessitate harmless treatment and resource utilization.These husk-rich distiller grains can be pyrolyzed in t...Aromatic liquor breweries produce massive distiller grains containing a high percentage of rice husks that necessitate harmless treatment and resource utilization.These husk-rich distiller grains can be pyrolyzed in the Ni-based catalyst system at a relatively low temperature(480?C)into combustible gas,which is used in liquor distillation,and biochar(BDG)with high mineral nutrients and good surface properties.A 3-year field experiment(2018-2020)was established to understand the effects of BDG on sorghum agronomic performances and greenhouse gas emissions from the soil.The results showed that BDG had higher mineral nutrient(N,P,K,and S)contents,larger cation exchange capacity,and better surface structure than those prepared using the traditional method at 400 and 600℃.Compared with sole chemical fertilizer(CF),the combination of CF and BDG(CF+BDG)increased sorghum nutrient(N,P,and K)uptake,yield,fertilizer use efficiency,and economic benefit.Cumulative CO_(2) emission from the soil changed little between with and without BDG,indicating the microbial stability of BDG.The effective adsorption of NH_(3) or NH_(4)+by BDG upon N application may reduce N loss through NH_(3) and N_(2)O emissions and increase the efficiency of fertilizer N use.Cumulative CH_(4) emission ranged from 32.45 to 44.86 g ha-1,which could be overlooked as a greenhouse gas in the sorghum field.Moreover,CF+BDG significantly decreased NH3 and N_(2)O emissions for the production of each unit of sorghum grains and the CO_(2) emission from the land for the production of a certain amount of sorghum grains.Therefore,CF+BDG exhibited better agronomic and environmental performances in sorghum cultivation.展开更多
Solar-driven interfacial evaporation has been considered as a promising approach for treating high-salinity brine,which mitigates ecological pollution as well as produces fresh water.Despite the extensive research eff...Solar-driven interfacial evaporation has been considered as a promising approach for treating high-salinity brine,which mitigates ecological pollution as well as produces fresh water.Despite the extensive research efforts,challenges remain regarding the stably high-yield solar treatment of high-salinity water on a large scale.Here,we demonstrate an interconnected porous fabric-based scalable evaporator with asymmetric wetting properties fabricated by weaving technique for high-efficiency and salt-rejecting solar high-salinity brine treatment.Three-dimensional interconnected micropores ensure effective convection-induced fast vapor diffusion,leading to a high evaporation rate in the natural environment with the convective flow.The Janus structure effectively separates absorption and evaporation surfaces for stable salt resistance even under fast evaporation.It is observed that the evaporator achieves a high evaporation rate of 2.48 kg m^(-2)h^(-1)under 1-sun illumination and airflow of 3 m s^(-1)when treating 15 wt%saline.Notably,the outdoor experiment demonstrates that there is neither salt precipitation on the surface nor a decrement in evaporation rate during the 5-day evaporation until water and solute have completely been separated.The interconnected porous fabric with asymmetric wetting properties can be easily and massively produced by industrialized weaving techniques,showing great potential for scalable and efficient solar water treatment of high-salinity brine and industrial wastewater.展开更多
Nervonic acid(NA)is an important long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid found in mammalian nervous tissue.It has recently garnered research attention due to its therapeutic potential in treating psychiatric and neurode...Nervonic acid(NA)is an important long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid found in mammalian nervous tissue.It has recently garnered research attention due to its therapeutic potential in treating psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.In this study,we investigated the efficacy of NA in treating ischemia/reperfusion and poststroke events in a rat model.Specifically,there was significant reduction in the infarct area,cell death,and neuronal swelling after NA treatment,and the improvement in cerebral blood flow was also observed on day five after middle cerebral artery occlusion.Moreover,NA treatment led to the upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factors and myelin basic protein genes.NA displayed improved effects on depressive-like behavior of rats by three validated assays—the sucrose preference test,open-field test,and forced swim test.Regarding the mechanism of action,direct supplementation of NA in the brain was observed.We also observed the indirect effects of NA on the gut microbiota.Notably,the NA group gradually restored the bacterial diversity and the EGb group exhibited no impact based on observed-out analysis.We found an increase in the abundance of Blautia and Sutterella,which participated in phenylalanine metabolism.The metabolomics of plasma and brain samples revealed a decrease in the levels of phenylalanine-based amino acids,which alleviated the inhibitory effects on glutamine metabolism and promoted the recovery and signaling transmission of neurons after stroke.Altogether,our findings suggest that NA can be a viable treatment option for alleviating stroke and its associated poststroke depressive-like behaviors.展开更多
新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19,简称“新冠肺炎”)疫情在全球范围内蔓延,对人类健康造成巨大威胁.目前已有疫苗问世,但仍没有可靠的治愈办法.中医药的临床应用在国内疫情防控中发挥了重要作用,并已涌现出若干临床研究,其中中医药治疗新冠...新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19,简称“新冠肺炎”)疫情在全球范围内蔓延,对人类健康造成巨大威胁.目前已有疫苗问世,但仍没有可靠的治愈办法.中医药的临床应用在国内疫情防控中发挥了重要作用,并已涌现出若干临床研究,其中中医药治疗新冠肺炎的临床研究文献信息、治疗现状及规律值得系统归纳与解读,为未来的临床与科研提供基础.检索2020年1月1日至2021年3月1日期间PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、medRxiv、中国知网、万方数据库及中国生物医学文献数据库,纳入中医药治疗COVID-19的临床研究文献,获取文献的基本信息及治疗内容信息,评价文献质量,进行文献计量学分析.共纳入47篇文献,绝大多数以中文发表(42篇,占全部文献的89.36%);从临床试验注册的文献量(12篇)、被引量(单篇最高被引62次)及相关质量评价量表(改良Chalmers评分平均61.40分)的结果来看,整体研究质量仍有待提高.共涉及中药复方66个,其中苦杏仁、甘草、石膏、麻黄、茯苓、藿香等中药使用频次较高.结局指标中临床症状(发热、咳嗽、乏力等)缓解率、普通型转为重型率,实验室指标中的白细胞总数、淋巴细胞总数及C反应蛋白、肺CT影像学变化及不良反应受到关注.目前中医药治疗新冠肺炎的临床研究质量亟待提高,未来需进一步规范中医药临床循证研究的设计与实施.中医药主流治法为清热解表化湿,麻杏石甘汤为最常用的经典祖方,“三药三方”在临床得到广泛应用.经中医药治疗后临床症状显著缓解,常见实验室指标、肺部影像学改善明显,安全性良好.中医药通过多机制、多途径防治COVID-19,其规律值得进一步探讨.展开更多
Over the past decade,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has widely embraced systems biology and its various data integration approaches to promote its modernization.Thus,integrative pharmacology-based traditional Chine...Over the past decade,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has widely embraced systems biology and its various data integration approaches to promote its modernization.Thus,integrative pharmacology-based traditional Chinese medicine(TCMIP) was proposed as a paradigm shift in TCM.This review focuses on the presentation of this novel concept and the main research contents,methodologies and applications of TCMIP.First,TCMIP is an interdisciplinary science that can establish qualitative and quantitative pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics(PK-PD) correlations through the integration of knowledge from multiple disciplines and techniques and from different PK-PD processes in vivo.Then,the main research contents of TCMIP are introduced as follows:chemical and ADME/PK profiles of TCM formulas;confirming the three forms of active substances and the three action modes;establishing the qualitative PK-PD correlation;and building the quantitative PK-PD correlations,etc.After that,we summarize the existing data resources,computational models and experimental methods of TCMIP and highlight the urgent establishment of mathematical modeling and experimental methods.Finally,we further discuss the applications of TCMIP for the improvement of TCM quality control,clarification of the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of TCMs and discovery of potential new drugs,especially TCM-related combination drug disco very.展开更多
基金This study was supported by Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province(No.2022ACA002).
文摘The world's population is growing,leading to an increasing demand for freshwater resources for drinking,sanitation,agriculture,and industry.Interfacial solar steam generation(ISSG)can solve many problems,such as mitigating the power crisis,minimizing water pollution,and improving the purification and desalination of seawater,rivers/lakes,and wastewater.Cellulosic materials are a viable and ecologically sound technique for capturing solar energy that is adaptable to a range of applications.This review paper aims to provide an overview of current advancements in the field of cellulose-based materials ISSG devices,specifically focusing on their applications in water purification and desalination.This paper examines the cellulose-based materials ISSG system and evaluates the effectiveness of various cellulosic materials,such as cellulose nanofibers derived from different sources,carbonized wood materials,and two-dimensional(2D)and 3D cellulosic-based materials from various sources,as well as advanced cellulosic materials,including bacterial cellulose and cellulose membranes obtained from agricultural and industrial cellulose wastes.The focus is on exploring the potential applications of these materials in ISSG devices for water desalination,purification,and treatment.The function,advantages,and disadvantages of cellulosic materials in the performance of ISSG devices were also deliberated throughout our discussion.In addition,the potential and suggested methods for enhancing the utilization of cellulose-based materials in the field of ISSG systems for water desalination,purification,and treatment were also emphasized.
文摘During deep-water gas wells testing period, predicting the generating zone of hydrate precisely in the whole flow range (bore holes and surface flow lines) is the key prerequisite of guarantee for testing flow. The unusual deep-water environment and low gas density make it easy to meet the conditions of hydrate generation during deep-water gas wells testing period, such as low temperature and high pressure, especially under the testing conditions, for instance, near mud line, surface chock line, low gas generating rate and surface shut-in. Wherefore, in view of all the operational modes during testing period (clean-out, variable rate flow, downhole and surface shut-in), based on temperature field of the whole flow range and phase equilibrium condition of hydrate, predicting method of hydrate generation zone is published;by taking enthalpy as the object of study, temperature calculation model increases the accuracy of temperature prediction;by integration of bore holes and surface lines, predicting plate of hydrate generation in the whole flow range is published. During flow period, the generating condition of hydrate is affected by rate of flow, and the lower the rate of flow is, the wider the hydrate generation zone is;during the stage of shut-in and initial flow, if pressure of strings is higher and temperature is lower, risk of hydrate generation will be greater and hydrate generation zone will be larger, so relevant actions should be taken to restrain hydrate generation.
基金partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(61703402,61374048)
文摘This paper focuses on designing an adaptive radial basis function neural network(RBFNN) control method for a class of nonlinear systems with unknown parameters and bounded disturbances. The problems raised by the unknown functions and external disturbances in the nonlinear system are overcome by RBFNN, combined with the single parameter direct adaptive control method. The novel adaptive control method is designed to reduce the amount of computations effectively.The uniform ultimate boundedness of the closed-loop system is guaranteed by the proposed controller. A coupled motor drives(CMD) system, which satisfies the structure of nonlinear system,is taken for simulation to confirm the effectiveness of the method.Simulations show that the developed adaptive controller has favorable performance on tracking desired signal and verify the stability of the closed-loop system.
基金support from the National Natural Science and Henan Province United Foundation of China (No. U1204601)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (No. 122300410298)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Education Department of Henan Province (No. 13A480365)PhD Foundation of Zhengzhou University of Light Industry (No. 2010BSJJ029)
文摘In this paper, we have demonstrated a facile and low-cost synthesis of the ZnO/CuO nanocomposites by two-step hydrothermal methods. The photocatalytic properties of the as-synthesized ZnO/CuO nanocomposites have been evaluated by the photodegradation of methylene blue(MB) and methyleneorange(MO) under UV irradiation. Experimental results show that MB and MO can be degraded completely within 15 and 25 min by the ZnO/CuO nanocomposites and its photodegradation rate is 6 times faster than that of pure ZnO. This enhanced photocatalytic activity can be ascribed to the low recombination probability of photo-induced carriers due to the efficient charge transfer in the nanocomposites. The as-synthesized ZnO/CuO nanocomposite may be a promising candidate for dye photodegradation of wastewaters.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,No. 05300503
文摘Previous studies have shown that sympathetic nerves are related to certain types of pain, and this phenomenon is referred to as sympathetic-sensory coupling. Chronic pain resulting from nerve injury can be exacerbated by sympathetic stimulation or relieved by sympathetic inhibition. In the present study, the correlation between pain and sympathetic nerves was analyzed in patients with severe pain in lower limbs, as we^l as in a chronically compressed dorsa~ root ganglion ~CCD） rat model （model of low back pain and sciatica）. Patients with severe pain in the lower limbs underwent chemical lumbar sympathectomy （CLS）, and the analgesic effects of CLS were compared with painkillers. Results demonstrated significantly relieved lower limb pain following CLS, and the analgesic effects of CLS were superior to those seen with painkillers. In the CCD rat model, dorsal root ganglion neuronal activity significantly increased as a result of electrical stimulation to the sympathetic nerves. These results suggest that sympathetic nerves are closely associated with pain and sympathetic-sensory coupling is likely in lower limb pain in both patients and rat models of CCD.
文摘This paper firstly introduced domestic and foreign supply of products processed by aromatherapy plant. On the basis of predicting market demand of aromatherapy plant,it analyzed current development situation of the plant in Yunnan Province. It arrived at the conclusion that the industry has broad market prospect. Then,it analyzed competitive advantages and risk factors of aromatherapy plant in Yunnan Province. There are climate,location and price advantages,but due to lack of product standard,it is difficult to guarantee quality,and there are certain market risks. Finally,it put forward recommendations for development of aromatherapy industry:( 1) taking full advantage of preferential policies to set up leading enterprises and realize radiated development;( 2) bringing into play of resource advantages and introducing capitals and technologies;( 3) Fostering market and driving the industrial development.
基金the financial support by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2018YFC1901100)。
文摘Aromatic liquor breweries produce massive distiller grains containing a high percentage of rice husks that necessitate harmless treatment and resource utilization.These husk-rich distiller grains can be pyrolyzed in the Ni-based catalyst system at a relatively low temperature(480?C)into combustible gas,which is used in liquor distillation,and biochar(BDG)with high mineral nutrients and good surface properties.A 3-year field experiment(2018-2020)was established to understand the effects of BDG on sorghum agronomic performances and greenhouse gas emissions from the soil.The results showed that BDG had higher mineral nutrient(N,P,K,and S)contents,larger cation exchange capacity,and better surface structure than those prepared using the traditional method at 400 and 600℃.Compared with sole chemical fertilizer(CF),the combination of CF and BDG(CF+BDG)increased sorghum nutrient(N,P,and K)uptake,yield,fertilizer use efficiency,and economic benefit.Cumulative CO_(2) emission from the soil changed little between with and without BDG,indicating the microbial stability of BDG.The effective adsorption of NH_(3) or NH_(4)+by BDG upon N application may reduce N loss through NH_(3) and N_(2)O emissions and increase the efficiency of fertilizer N use.Cumulative CH_(4) emission ranged from 32.45 to 44.86 g ha-1,which could be overlooked as a greenhouse gas in the sorghum field.Moreover,CF+BDG significantly decreased NH3 and N_(2)O emissions for the production of each unit of sorghum grains and the CO_(2) emission from the land for the production of a certain amount of sorghum grains.Therefore,CF+BDG exhibited better agronomic and environmental performances in sorghum cultivation.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(no.2022YFB3804902)National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.52102262,52103064,52303323,52322211,U21A2095)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(no.BK20200340)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province(nos.2023AFB265 and 2020CFA022)State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technology(nos.FZ2021004,FZ20230021).
文摘Solar-driven interfacial evaporation has been considered as a promising approach for treating high-salinity brine,which mitigates ecological pollution as well as produces fresh water.Despite the extensive research efforts,challenges remain regarding the stably high-yield solar treatment of high-salinity water on a large scale.Here,we demonstrate an interconnected porous fabric-based scalable evaporator with asymmetric wetting properties fabricated by weaving technique for high-efficiency and salt-rejecting solar high-salinity brine treatment.Three-dimensional interconnected micropores ensure effective convection-induced fast vapor diffusion,leading to a high evaporation rate in the natural environment with the convective flow.The Janus structure effectively separates absorption and evaporation surfaces for stable salt resistance even under fast evaporation.It is observed that the evaporator achieves a high evaporation rate of 2.48 kg m^(-2)h^(-1)under 1-sun illumination and airflow of 3 m s^(-1)when treating 15 wt%saline.Notably,the outdoor experiment demonstrates that there is neither salt precipitation on the surface nor a decrement in evaporation rate during the 5-day evaporation until water and solute have completely been separated.The interconnected porous fabric with asymmetric wetting properties can be easily and massively produced by industrialized weaving techniques,showing great potential for scalable and efficient solar water treatment of high-salinity brine and industrial wastewater.
基金financially supported by the Scientific and technological innovation project of the China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences(CI2021A05032,CI2021B017)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Public Welfare Research Institutes(RXRC2022003,XTCX2023001).
文摘Nervonic acid(NA)is an important long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid found in mammalian nervous tissue.It has recently garnered research attention due to its therapeutic potential in treating psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.In this study,we investigated the efficacy of NA in treating ischemia/reperfusion and poststroke events in a rat model.Specifically,there was significant reduction in the infarct area,cell death,and neuronal swelling after NA treatment,and the improvement in cerebral blood flow was also observed on day five after middle cerebral artery occlusion.Moreover,NA treatment led to the upregulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factors and myelin basic protein genes.NA displayed improved effects on depressive-like behavior of rats by three validated assays—the sucrose preference test,open-field test,and forced swim test.Regarding the mechanism of action,direct supplementation of NA in the brain was observed.We also observed the indirect effects of NA on the gut microbiota.Notably,the NA group gradually restored the bacterial diversity and the EGb group exhibited no impact based on observed-out analysis.We found an increase in the abundance of Blautia and Sutterella,which participated in phenylalanine metabolism.The metabolomics of plasma and brain samples revealed a decrease in the levels of phenylalanine-based amino acids,which alleviated the inhibitory effects on glutamine metabolism and promoted the recovery and signaling transmission of neurons after stroke.Altogether,our findings suggest that NA can be a viable treatment option for alleviating stroke and its associated poststroke depressive-like behaviors.
文摘新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19,简称“新冠肺炎”)疫情在全球范围内蔓延,对人类健康造成巨大威胁.目前已有疫苗问世,但仍没有可靠的治愈办法.中医药的临床应用在国内疫情防控中发挥了重要作用,并已涌现出若干临床研究,其中中医药治疗新冠肺炎的临床研究文献信息、治疗现状及规律值得系统归纳与解读,为未来的临床与科研提供基础.检索2020年1月1日至2021年3月1日期间PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、medRxiv、中国知网、万方数据库及中国生物医学文献数据库,纳入中医药治疗COVID-19的临床研究文献,获取文献的基本信息及治疗内容信息,评价文献质量,进行文献计量学分析.共纳入47篇文献,绝大多数以中文发表(42篇,占全部文献的89.36%);从临床试验注册的文献量(12篇)、被引量(单篇最高被引62次)及相关质量评价量表(改良Chalmers评分平均61.40分)的结果来看,整体研究质量仍有待提高.共涉及中药复方66个,其中苦杏仁、甘草、石膏、麻黄、茯苓、藿香等中药使用频次较高.结局指标中临床症状(发热、咳嗽、乏力等)缓解率、普通型转为重型率,实验室指标中的白细胞总数、淋巴细胞总数及C反应蛋白、肺CT影像学变化及不良反应受到关注.目前中医药治疗新冠肺炎的临床研究质量亟待提高,未来需进一步规范中医药临床循证研究的设计与实施.中医药主流治法为清热解表化湿,麻杏石甘汤为最常用的经典祖方,“三药三方”在临床得到广泛应用.经中医药治疗后临床症状显著缓解,常见实验室指标、肺部影像学改善明显,安全性良好.中医药通过多机制、多途径防治COVID-19,其规律值得进一步探讨.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 81830111 and 81774201)National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC1702104 and 2017YFC1702303)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi Universities and Shaanxi Provincial Science and Technology Department Project (No. 2016SF-378, China)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central public Welfare Research Institutes (ZXKT17058, China)the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2019ZX09201005-001-003)。
文摘Over the past decade,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has widely embraced systems biology and its various data integration approaches to promote its modernization.Thus,integrative pharmacology-based traditional Chinese medicine(TCMIP) was proposed as a paradigm shift in TCM.This review focuses on the presentation of this novel concept and the main research contents,methodologies and applications of TCMIP.First,TCMIP is an interdisciplinary science that can establish qualitative and quantitative pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics(PK-PD) correlations through the integration of knowledge from multiple disciplines and techniques and from different PK-PD processes in vivo.Then,the main research contents of TCMIP are introduced as follows:chemical and ADME/PK profiles of TCM formulas;confirming the three forms of active substances and the three action modes;establishing the qualitative PK-PD correlation;and building the quantitative PK-PD correlations,etc.After that,we summarize the existing data resources,computational models and experimental methods of TCMIP and highlight the urgent establishment of mathematical modeling and experimental methods.Finally,we further discuss the applications of TCMIP for the improvement of TCM quality control,clarification of the molecular mechanisms underlying the actions of TCMs and discovery of potential new drugs,especially TCM-related combination drug disco very.
