肿瘤相关巨噬细胞:调节肿瘤微环境的新靶点

肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumor-associated macrophage,TAM)在肺癌免疫微环境中扮演着重要的角色。它们通过自身的表型和吞噬功能的变化,在肺癌的发生和进展中发挥作用,通过促进肺癌免疫抑制型微环境的形成和肿瘤异常血管的生长加速肺癌的侵袭和扩散。巨噬细胞在应对不同刺激时,可以极化为具有不同功能和特征的亚型,分为抗肿瘤M1型和促肿瘤的M2型。在肿瘤组织中,TAM通常极化为交替活化型的M2表型,表现出对肿瘤免疫的抑制作用。本文综述了抗血管生成药物在调节TAM表型方面的作用,它们可以通过将M2型TAM重编程为M1型来发挥抗肿瘤作用。同时,TAM的功能改变在抗血管生成治疗和免疫治疗策略中也起到重要作用。研究证实,TAM通过极化及功能改变可能成为调节肿瘤微环境的新靶点,开辟肺癌治疗的新途径。

数字贸易发展何以能激发企业创新

作为一种兼具数字服务贸易化和贸易对象数字化两大鲜明特征的新型贸易方式,数字贸易已逐步成为驱动母国企业创新所无法忽视的重要国际技术溢出渠道。本文基于2013-2020年中国30个省份的面板数据,采用中介机制和门槛模型等技术实证考察了数字贸易对企业创新影响的多维内在机制。研究表明:①数字贸易发展能有效驱动企业创新,该结论经一系列稳健性检验后依然成立;②数字贸易对企业创新的积极作用主要体现在东部地区,而中、西部地区的积极作用尚未显现;③数字贸易不仅能直接驱动企业创新发展,还能通过促进产业升级、提升技术市场活跃度和助力数字金融服务等路径间接为企业创新赋能;④数字贸易对企业创新具有正向且边际效率递增的非线性影响特征,且较好的营商环境和较高的财政分权水平均有助于强化数字贸易发展的企业创新激励效果。相关发现不仅一定程度上丰富了数字贸易与企业创新发展的相关研究,还对新发展格局下国家统筹推进贸易强国与科技强国两大战略具有重要启示。

A Practical Study of Knowledge Mapping Empowering the Construction of Engineering Costing Software Application Courses in Undergraduate Colleges and Universities

Relying on the talent cultivation program of Chongqing Institute of Engineering,this paper combines the characteristics of the Engineering Costing Software Application course with its current status quo,analyzes the existing problems and teaching pain points,and introduces knowledge mapping.The course construction is carried out in terms of the combing of knowledge points,the optimization of the course structure,the innovation of the teaching method,and the evaluation and feedback of the teaching in order to improve the systematicity and structural nature of the teaching content,enhance students’learning experience,and enhance their learning effect.It is conducive to the formation of students’knowledge systems and provides a basis for discussion and reference for improving the quality of teaching and cultivating application-oriented talents who meet the market demand.

Mercury Speciation of Flue Gas Desulphurization By-Products in Coal-Fired Power Plants in China

The aim of this study was to develop and examine the morphology and distribution of mercury (Hg) in flue gas desulfurization (FGD) by-product. Mercury in the coal of coal-fired power plants is concentrated in the by-products of desulfurization process, and it is widely used as an additive in cement, building materials and other industries. Due to the different stability of various forms of mercury in the environment, subsequent use of products containing desulfurization by-product additives will continue to be released into the environment, endangering human health. Therefore, it is very necessary to study the form and distribution of mercury in the by-products of desulfurization in coal-fired power plants to provide a theoretical basis for subsequent harmless treatment. For content and morphology of mercury analysis, 1 sample of dry FGD ash and 6 samples of wet FGD gypsum were analyzed. The total 7 samples were extracted using a modification of sequential chemical extractions (SCE) method, which was employed for the partitioning Hg into four fractions: water soluble, acid soluble, H2O2 soluble, and residual. The Hg analysis was done with United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) method 7471B. Comparing with the wet FGD gypsums of coal-fired boilers, the total Hg content in the dry FGD by-product was as high as 1.22 mg/kg, while the total Hg content in the FGD gypsum is 0.23 - 0.74 mg/kg, which was 2 times over the wet FGD gypsum. The concentration of water soluble Hg in the dry FGD by-product was the highest amount (0.72 mg/kg), accounting for 59.02% of the total mercury. While residual Hg content was 0.16 mg/kg, only about 13.11% of the total mercury. Mercury content in FGD gypsum was expressed in the form of ρ (residual Hg) > ρ (H2O2 soluble Hg) > ρ (water soluble Hg) > ρ (acid soluble Hg). The morphology and distribution of mercury in FGD by-products is supposed to be analyzed before utilization, and the impact of mercury on the environment should be considered.

The Prevention and Control Measures of COVID-19 in the People’s Hospital of Pingchang County

COVID-19 (COVID-19) or COVID-19 is pneumonia caused by the novel coronavirus infection in patients in 2019. COVID-19 pneumonia epidemic is widespread, wide, and deep. To effectively combat the further spread of COVID-19: the overall protocol of the hospital: “three lines of defense” of community prevention and control, fever clinic and face-to-face treatment;grasp the good three-time limits: “2 hours, 12 hours and 24 hours”;do a good job of three key points: key areas and places and groups;carry out four early prevention and control measures: early detection, early reporting, early isolation and early treatment;management of confirmed, suspected, fever, close contact “four types of personnel”;implement l responsibility system;doing all receivable, should be treated, should be checked, should be separated by “four should be”;do investigation, control, supervision, education, and care “five in place”. Through the above methods, the People’s Hospital of Pingchang County has effectively controlled COVID-19.

The Trend of the Multidrug Resistance of Helicobacter pylori Strains Isolated in Chengdu

Background: The treatment of Hp infection has been the most popular topic of the most attention and research by gastrointestinal disease workers, and the biggest problem in the treatment of Hp infection is Hp drug resistance to antibiotics, and Hp drug resistance is the main cause of Hp eradication failure. It is severe for the multidrug resistance of Hp. Objective: To investigate the changing trend of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) resistance to metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin in children and adults in Chengdu. Methods: The Hp strain determined the minimum antibacterial concentration (MIC) from 585 patients with upper gastrointestinal symptoms, metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin was measured by the E-test. Clinically isolated Hp strains were obtained by microaerobic condition culture as the diagnostic standard. Results: The Hp resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin in children in Chengdu were: 17.65% (27/153) and 18.06 (78/432) in adults. The Hp resistance to metronidazole and amoxicillin in children in Chengdu were: 11.76% (18/153) and 13.19 (57/432) in adults. The Hp resistance to metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin in children in Chengdu were: 3.92% (6/153) and 10.41 (45/432) in adults. There were 76.92% of the strains which were resistant to metronidazole, 24.11% to clarithromycin, and 18.46% to amoxicillin. The drug resistance rate of Hp has increased year by year from 2017 to 2021 year, especially the drug resistance rate of Hp to clarithromycin and metronidazole has generally increased. Conclusions: The drug resistance rate of Hp has increased year by year from 2017 to 2021 year.

白蛋白结合型紫杉醇在局部晚期/晚期头颈部肿瘤治疗中的研究进展及展望

化疗在局部晚期/晚期头颈部肿瘤的治疗中发挥重要作用,对提高肿瘤局部控制率、延缓肿瘤进展、减少远处转移及延长患者生存时间有重要的意义。TP(紫杉醇类加铂类)和TPF(紫杉醇类、顺铂及5-氟尿嘧啶)方案是头颈部肿瘤的经典有效化疗方案,故紫杉醇类(如紫杉醇和多西他赛)是头颈部肿瘤常用的化疗药物。白蛋白结合型紫杉醇作为一种新型紫杉醇类药物,以其独特剂型优势,已在多个临床试验中显示出良好的疗效及安全性。本文总结了以白蛋白结合型紫杉醇为基础分别联合其他不同化疗药物方案治疗局部晚期/晚期头颈部肿瘤的安全性及有效性,对白蛋白结合型紫杉醇在局部晚期/晚期头颈部肿瘤中应用的最新临床研究作一综述,并对未来该药治疗局部晚期/晚期头颈部肿瘤进行展望。

Variation of culturable bacteria along depth in the East Rongbuk ice core,Mt.Everest

Ice melt water from a 22.27 m ice core which was drilled from the East Rongbuk Glacier, Mt. Everest was incubation in two incubation ways： plate melt water directly and enrichment melt water prior plate, respectively. The abundance of cultivable bacteria ranged from 0-295 CFU mL-I to 0--1720 CFU mL-1 in two incubations with a total of 1385 isolates obtained. Comparing to direct cultivation, enrichment cultivation recovered more bacteria. Pigment-producing bacteria accounted for an average of 84.9% of total isolates. Such high percentage suggested that pigment production may be an adaptive physiological feature for the bacteria in ice core to cope with strong ultraviolet radiation on the glacier. The abundances of cultivable bacteria and pigment-producing isolates varied synchronously along depth： higher abundance in the middle and lower at the top and bottom. It indicated that the middle part of the ice core was hospitable for the microbial survival. Based on the physiological properties of the colonies, eighty-nine isolates were selected for phylogenetic analysis. Obtained 16S rRNA gene sequences fell into four groups： Firmicutes, Alpha-Proteobacteria, Gamma-Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria, with the Firmicutes being dominant. Microbial compositions derived from direct and enrichment cultivations were not overlapped. We suggest that it is a better way to explorethe culturable microbial diversity in ice core by combining the approaches of both direct and enrichment cultivation.

Catalytic reduction of NO_x by biomass-derived activated carbon supported metals

In this study,to prepare a series of activated carbon-supported metals for the catalytic reduction of NO_x to N_2 in excess O_2,activated carbons derived from lignocellulosic and herbaceous biomasses were selected as the reducing agents,and alkali and transition metals were used as the catalytic active phases.The effects of the type of biomass,carbonization temperature and catalyst composition on NO_x reduction efficiency were analyzed in a fixed-bed flow reactor.The results showed that two temperature regimes are present for the NO_x-carbon reaction:at temperatures below 250°C,the NO_x adsorption process on the carbon surface was predominant,whereas true NO_x reduction by carbon occurred at temperatures above 250°C,producing N_2,CO_2 and CO.The influence of the carbonization temperature on carbon reactivity depended on the effect of the carbonization temperature on the carbon surface area and the reduction of the metal species on carbon.All studied metals catalyzed both NO_xand O_2reduction by carbon,and potassium could strongly enhance the C-NO_x reaction without substantial carbon consumption by O_2.Moreover,the potassium supported by sawdust-derived activated carbon exhibited higher selectivity and capacity towards NO_x reduction than did its previously reported coal-derived counterparts.These properties were ascribed to the high dispersion of the active potassium species on the carbon surface,as observed through the comparison of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and powder X-ray diffraction results for the carbons made from biomass and coal-based precursors.

HUID:DBN-Based Fingerprint Localization and Tracking System with Hybrid UWB and IMU

High-precision localization technology is attracting widespread attention in harsh indoor environments.In this paper,we present a fingerprint localization and tracking system to estimate the locations of the tag based on a deep belief network(DBN).In this system,we propose using coefficients as fingerprints to combine the ultra-wideband(UWB)and inertial measurement unit(IMU)estimation linearly,termed as a HUID system.In particular,the fingerprints are trained by a DBN and estimated by a radial basis function(RBF).However,UWB-based estimation via a trilateral method is severely affected by the non-line-of-sight(NLoS)problem,which limits the localization precision.To tackle this problem,we adopt the random forest classifier to identify line-of-sight(LoS)and NLoS conditions.Then,we adopt the random forest regressor to mitigate ranging errors based on the identification results for improving UWB localization precision.The experimental results show that the mean square error(MSE)of the localization error for the proposed HUID system reduces by 12.96%,50.16%,and 64.92%compared with that of the existing extended Kalman filter(EKF),single UWB,and single IMU estimation methods,respectively.

The return and loss of litter phosphorus in different types of sand dunes in Horqin Sandy Land,northeastern China

Litter phosphorus （P） return is important to maintain the P cycle and balance in the sandy land of arid areas. In this study, we determined the loss and return of litter P in sand dune areas and elucidated their relation- ship. We investigated litter production and litter P amount, and simulated leaf litter moving dynamics to understand the relationships between the loss of litter P and the total litter P, and between the return of litter P and the total litter P in active （AD）, semi-stabilized （SSD） and stabilized （SD） dunes in Inner Mongolia, northeastern China. The vegetation litter P was 12.6, 94.5, and 201.6 mg P/m2 in AD, SSD, and SD, respectively. A significant movement and loss of leaf litter P with time occurred on the three types of sand dunes. As a result, the loss of P was 7.4, 46.9, and 69.8 mg P/m2 and the return of P was 5.5, 47.6, and 131.8 mg P/m2 in AD, SSD, and SD, respectively. The rela- tionship between both loss and return of P and total litter P in AD, SSD, and SD was revealed by linear regression. The slope of the regression line indicated the rate of loss or return of litter P. From AD to SD, the loss rate showed a declining slope （0.52, 0.32, and 0.17 for AD, SSD, and SD, respectively）, and the return rate showed a rising slope （0.48, 0.67, and 0.83 for AD, SSD, and SD, respectively）. The loss of litter P should be regarded in the local man- agement of vegetation and land in sand dune areas. Improved vegetation restoration measures are necessary to decrease litter P loss to maintain the stability of ecosystems in sand dune areas.

The effects of coloring therapy on patients with generalized anxiety disorder

Generalized anxiety disorder(GAD)has harmful effects on physical and mental health and quality of life.Coloring therapy has been reported to have a positive effect on improving patient anxiety and depression.But there are no reported clinical trials examining their effectiveness as a treatment for GAD.This study was planned to evaluate the effectiveness of coloring therapy combined with conventional therapy in improving anxiety,depression,and positive and negative emotions with GAD.This randomized controlled study comprising 88 GAD patients was selected for intervention in different wards.The control group(n=45)was given conventional antianxiety medication and physical therapy,and the experimental group(n=43)received coloring therapy combined with conventional therapy.The Self-Rating Depression Scale,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Hamilton Depression Scale,Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),and Positive and Negative Affect Scale were assessed in both groups before and 3 weeks after the intervention.After the intervention,there were statistical differences in intra-and inter-group comparisons of anxiety,depression,and positive and negative mood scales in the experimental and control groups(p<.05).The minus in anxiety/positive emotions pre-and postintervention in the experimental group was statistically significant compared to that in anxiety/positive emotions pre-and postintervention in the control group(HAMA:d=1.45,95%confidence interval[CI](0.34,2.57),p=.011;SAS:d=3.87,95%CI(1.73,6.00),p=.001;positive:d=1.76,95%CI(0.17,3.34),p=.030).The minus in depressive/negative emotions pre-and postintervention in the experimental group was not statistically significant compared with that in depressive/negative emotions pre-and postintervention in the control group(p>.05).For GAD patients,adding coloring therapy based on conventional drug therapy and physical therapy can not only reduce depression and negative emotions but also have better effects on reducing anxiety and improving positive emotions than conventional therapy.

Synthesis and Optimization of TiO_(2)/Graphene with Exposed {001} Facets Based on Response Surface Methodology and Evaluation of Enhanced Photocatalytic Activity

Response surface methodology(RSM)was employed to optimize the control parameters of TiO_(2)/graphene with exposed{001}facets during synthesis,and its enhanced photocatalytic activities were evaluated in the photodegradation of toluene.Experimental results were in good agreement with the predicted results obtained using RSM with a correlation coefficient(R^(2))of 0.9345.When 22.06 mg of graphite oxide(GO)and 2.09 mL of hydrofluoric acid(HF)were added and a hydrothermal time of 28 h was used,a maximum efficiency in the degradation of toluene was achieved.X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)were employed to characterize the obtained hybrid photocatalyst.The electron transferred between Ti and C retarded the combination of electron–hole pairs and hastened the transferring of electrons,which enhanced the photocatalytic activity.

Validation and Spatiotemporal Distribution of GEOS-5-Based Planetary Boundary Layer Height and Relative Humidity in China

Few studies have specifically focused on the validation and spatiotemporal distribution of planetary boundary layer height （PBLH） and relative humidity （RH） data in China. In this analysis, continuous PBLH and surface-level RH data simulated from GEOS-5 between 2004 and 2012, were validated against ground-based observations. Overall, the simulated RH was consistent with the statistical data from meteorological stations, with a correlation coefficient of 0.78 and a slope of 0.9. However, the simulated PBLH was underestimated compared to LIDAR data by a factor of approximately two, which was primarily because of poor simulation in late summer and early autumn. We further examined the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of two factors in four regions--North China, South China, Northwest China, and the Tibetan Plateau. The results showed that the annual PBLH trends in all regions were fairly moderate but sensitive to solar radiation and precipitation, which explains why the PBLH values were ranked in order from largest to smallest as follows： Tibetan Plateau, Northwest China, North China, and South China. Strong seasonal variation of the PBLH exhibited high values in summer and low values in winter, which was also consistent with the turbulent vertical exchange. Not surprisingly, the highest RH in South China and the lowest RH in desert areas of Northwest China （less than 30%）. Seasonally, South China exhibited little variation, whereas Northwest China exhibited its highest humidity in winter and lowest humidity in spring, the maximum values in the other regions were obtained from July to September.

Effects of Vibration Characteristics on the Atomization Performance in the Medical Piezoelectric Atomization Device Induced by Intra-Hole Fluctuation

Oral inhalation of aerosolized drugs has be widely applied in healing the affected body organs including lesions of the throat and lungs and it is more effiicient than those conventional therapies,such as intravenous drip,intramuscular injection and external topical administration in the aspects of the dosage reduction and side effects of drugs.Never-theless,the traditional atomization devices always exhibit many drawbacks.For example,non-uniformed atomization particle distribution,the instability of transient atomization quantity and difficulties in precise energy control would seriously restrict an extensive use of atomization inhalation therapy.In this study,the principle of intra-hole fluctua-tion phenomenon occurred in the hole is fully explained,and the produced volume change is also estimated.Addi-tionally,the mathematical expression of the atomization rate of the atomizing device is well established.The mecha-nism of the micro-pump is further clarified,and the influence of the vibration characteristics of the atomizing film on the atomization behavior is analyzed theoretically.The curves of sweep frequency against the velocity and amplitude of the piezoelectric vibrator are obtained by the Doppler laser vibrometer,and the corresponding mode shapes of the resonance point are achieved.The influence of vibration characteristics on atomization rate,atomization height and atomization particle size are also verified by experiments,respectively.Both the experimental results and theoretical calculation are expected to provide a guidance for the design of this kind of atomization device in the future.

Randomized comparison of lobaplatin plus etoposide and cisplatin plus etoposide chemotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer

Objective： To compare the efficacy and safety of Lobaplatin plus Etoposide （EL） and Cisplatin plus Etoposide （EP） regimens in chemonaive with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer （SCLC）. Methods： Between July 2010 and July 2011, a total of 62 patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer who received initial treatment in our hospital and 309 hospital of PLA. 31 patients were randomly assigned to the EL Group： Lobaplatin was given intravenously at a dose of 30 mg/m2 on day 1 and Etoposide 100 mg/m2 on days 1 to 3 of 21-day cycles for a maximum of six cycles. Another 31 patients were assigned to the EP Group： Cisplatin was given intravenously at a dose of 75 mg/m2 on day 1 and Etoposide 100 mg/m2 on days 1 to 3 of 21-day cycles for a maximum of six cycles. We evaluated the efficacy, overall response rate （ORR）, disease control rate （DCR）, the progression-free survival （PFS） and toxicity between the patients of the two groups. Results： All 62 patients were eligible. In the EL group, 2 （6.5%） patients had complete response, 20 （64.5%） patients had partial response, 5 （16.1%） patients had stable disease and 4 （12.9%） patients had progress disease. In the EP group, 2 （6.5%） patients had complete response, 22 （70.9%） patients had partial response, 4 （12.9%） patients had stable disease and 3 （9.7%） patients had progress disease. The ORR of EL and EP group were 70.9% and 77.4%, respectively, showing no significant difference （P = 0.562）. The DCR of both groups were 87% and 90%, respectively, showing no significant difference （P = 0.688）. Median PFS of patients with EL and EP regimens were 5.5 months and 5 months, respectively, showing no significant difference （P = 0.637）. Adverse events were observed in all 62 patients. Grade 1 to 4 anemia was higher in the EP group than in EL group, showing significant difference （P = 0.02）. Grade 3 and 4 thrombocytopenia was seen in 4 patients （12.9%） in EL group and 1 patient （3.2%） in EP group. Although one patient had platelet transfusion owing to Grade 4 thrombocytopenia in EL group, no significant difference （P = 0.637） were shown. The incidence of nausea/vomiting was higher in the EP group than in the EL group （96.7% vs 51.6%, P = 0.00）. Conclusien： The EL regimen is an effective and low-toxicity chemotherapy and no inferior to EP regimen in treatment response, therefore, EL regimen maybe is a good choice for patients with extensive-stage SCLC.

Study of 2-Propanol Photocatalytic Degradation on Surface of Phase-Ratio-Controlled TiO_2 Nanoparticles

The crystal form of TiO_2 is a crucial focus of research on the photocatalytic degradation of gaseous pollutants by TiO_2-based composite photocatalysts. To explore the synergistic effect of mixed crystalline TiO_2 on gaseous organic-pollutant photocatalytic degradation, we synthesized a series of TiO_2 nanoparticles with controllable phase ratios. We explored the role of the TiO_2 phase ratio on the photocatalytic activity and degradation pathway in the photodegradation of 2-propanol(IPA). We estimated the crystallite size and crystal proportions of anatase and rutile by X-ray diffraction. We used the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method to calculate the specific surface area and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to characterize the surface chemistry of the samples. Our results show the photocatalytic activities of pure anatase and the sample with 8.6% rutile to be much better than those of the samples with a phase junction and pure rutile. As such, anatase is the better option for the study of photodegradation design and preparation of gas-phase organic pollutants.

Investigation on process mechanism of a novel energy-saving synthesis for high performance Li_(4)Ti_(5)O_(12) anode material

Li_(4)Ti_(5)O_(12)(LTO) anode material demonstrates superior cycling performance due to its stable spinel structure and high lithiation/de-lithiation potential.Herein,a novel energy-saving solid-phase synthesis route for LTO has been successfully designed,employing the cheap industrial intermediate product of metatitanic acid (HTO) as titanium source.Through the in-situ Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)and ex-situ X-ray diffraction (XRD),it is revealed for the first time that the amorphous crystal structure of HTO is more conducive for the Li+insertion,making it possible to prepare LTO at a relatively lower sintering temperature.Utilizing the dehydration carbonization reaction between glucose and sulfuric acid,an ingenious strategy of glucose pre-coating is adopted to avoid the generation of Li_(2)SO_(4) impurity caused by the residual sulfuric acid on the surface of HTO,which meanwhile enhances the conductivity and inhibits the particle growth of LTO.The obtained ALTO@C anode material consequently exhibits excellent electrochemical performance that 132.0 m Ah g^(-1)is remained even at 20 C,and ultra low decay rate of 0.015% per cycle is achieved during 1000 cycles at 2 C.Remarkably,LiCoO_(2)//ALTO@C full cell delivers conspicuous low-temperature property (130.7 m Ah g^(-1)at 0.5 C and almost no attenuation after 300 cycles under-20℃).

Genetic variation of height growth rhythm between clones of Larix kaempferi × L. gmelini based on logistic models

Fifty-three larch interspecific hybrid clones（Larix kaempferi × L.gmelini） and their parent clones were used for growth curve analysis of height variations.The growth curves of the 55 clones were ＇S＇-shaped and 36 exhibited similar curves as the male parent.The coefficients of the logistic models were higher than 0.943,indicating that our results were effective in the simulation of the growth curves.ANOVA analysis showed significant differences in height of different clones （P／0.01）.Average date of maximum height growth was Day 173,and average duration of rapid growth lasted for 50 days.Annual average increase in height was 9.7cm d^（-1） and daily average increase was 0.2 cm.The ratio of GR to the total annual increase in height ranged from 51.2 to 68.8%,with the average being 59.8%.There was a positive correlation between k values and plant heights which benefited from the evaluation of early plant height.There was also a positive correlation between GR（growth stage）,GD（plant height） and annual increase in height.These results are informative to the evaluation of the elite clone selection and provide a theoretical basis for breeding and management.

老年期痴呆的中医手法治疗效果初探

目的:对老年期痴呆患者提供中医传统手法治疗并对此疗法在减轻患者精神行为问题和提高日常生活机能与认知功能方面的疗效进行评价,为该病的精神行为症状的治疗和缓解提供新思路。方法:总共71名受试者来自中国十个省市的14个中医院和养老院,为50岁以上中老年人(其中50~60岁2人,60~70岁16人,70~80岁23人,80~90岁25人,90以上5人),患有不同程度的认知功能障碍。所有病人得到为期为6个月,每周3次,每次40~60分钟的统一规程的中医手法推拿按摩治疗。使用单组治疗前后对照研究,全部参加者在入组时先做基线测查,治疗中期(3个月)和治疗结束(6个月)时再做一次同样的测查。结果:认知功能(MMSE)三月追踪和基线无显著性统计变化,但六月追踪与基线相比有显著性提高(t=2.71;p <0.01)。精神行为问题(NPI)三月追踪(t=-3.15;p <0.01)和六月追踪(t=-4.43;p <0.001)都相对基线有显著性降低。日常生活机能(ADL)三月追踪(t=3.75;p <0.001)和六月追踪(t=6.17;p <0.001)相对基线有显著性提高。这些结果表明,这些患者在接受传统中医手法治疗三个月后,在降低精神与行为问题方面有明显好转,在日常生活机能方面也有明显提高。在连续接受治疗六个月,患者的认知功能还表现出明显的好转。结论:初步证据表明传统中医手法对老年期痴呆患者有明显治疗效果。中医手法操作简单易学,在老年期痴呆患者照护实践中有很强的可行性和广泛接受性,值得进一步研究和推广。