GhWRKY75 positively regulates GhPR6-5b via binding to a W-box TTGAC(C/T)to orchestrate cotton resistance to Verticillium dahliae

Verticillium dahliae is an important fungal pathogen affecting cotton yield and quality.Therefore,the mining of V.dahlia-resistance genes is urgently needed.Proteases and protease inhibitors play crucial roles in plant defense responses.However,the functions and regulatory mechanisms of the protease inhibitor PR6 gene family remain largely unknown.This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the PR6 gene family in the cotton genome.We performed genome-wide identification and functional characterization of the cotton GhPR6 gene family,which belongs to the potato protease inhibitor I family of inhibitors.Thirty-nine PR6s were identified in Gossypium arboreum,G.raimondii,G.barbadense,and G.hirsutum,and they were clustered into four groups.Based on the analysis of pathogen-induced and Ghlmm transcriptome data,Gh PR6-5b was identified as the key gene for V.dahliae resistance.Virus-induced gene silencing experiments revealed that cotton was more sensitive to V.dahliae V991after PR6-5b silencing.The present study established that GhWRKY75 plays an important role in resistance to Verticillium wilt in cotton by positively regulating GhPR6-5b expression by directly binding to the W-box TTGAC(T/C).Our findings established that GhWRKY75 is a potential candidate for improving cotton resistance to V.dahliae,and provide primary information for further investigations and the development of specific strategies to bolster the defense mechanisms of cotton against V.dahliae.

Gut microbiota affects the estrus return of sows by regulating the metabolism of sex steroid hormones

Background Sex hormones play important roles in the estrus return of post-weaning sows.Previous studies have demonstrated a complex and bi-directional regulation between sex hormones and gut microbiota.However,the extent to which the gut microbiota affects estrus return of post-weaning sows is largely unknown.Results In this study,we first screened 207 fecal samples from well-phenotyped sows by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and identified significant associations between microbes and estrus return of post-weaning sows.Using metagenomic sequencing data from 85 fecal samples,we identified 37 bacterial species that were significantly associated with estrus return.Normally returning sows were characterized by increased abundances of L.reuteri and P.copri and decreased abundances of B.fragilis,S.suis,and B.pseudolongum.The changes in gut microbial composition significantly altered the functional capacity of steroid hormone biosynthesis in the gut microbiome.The results were confirmed in a validation cohort.Significant changes in sex steroid hormones and related compounds were found between normal and non-return sows via metabolome analysis.An integrated analysis of differential bacterial species,metagenome,and fecal metabolome provided evidence that normal return-associated bacterial species L.reuteri and Prevotella spp.participated in the degradation of pregnenolone,progesterone,and testosterone,thereby promoting estrogen biosynthesis.Furthermore,the microbial metabolites related to sow energy and nutrient supply or metabolic disorders also showed relationships with sow estrus return.Conclusions An integrated analysis of differentially abundant bacterial species,metagenome,and fecal metabolome revealed the involvement of L.reuteri and Prevotella spp.in sow estrus return.These findings provide deep insight into the role of gut microbiota in the estrus return of post-weaning sows and the complex cross-talk between gut microbiota and sex hormones,suggesting that the manipulation of the gut microbiota could be an effective strategy to improve sow estrus return after weaning.

Psychological Status and Warfarin Therapy in Patients after Valve Replacement during the COVID-19 Pandemic:A Cross-sectional Study

Objective The standardization of warfarin anticoagulant therapy is the key to lifelong treatment for patients after heart valve replacement.The present study explored the possible risk factors for anxiety and depression during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic and analyzed the influence of psychological state on medication safety.Methods Eligible patients received a web-based questionnaire survey via the Wenjuanxing platform during outpatient visits.Depression was evaluated by the Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS).Anxiety was evaluated by the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS).Medication adherence was evaluated by the Morisky scale.Results A total of 309 patients(aged 52.2±11.4 years)were included in the present study.The SDS score of all included patients was 36.9±9.4 points,of which 11(3.6%)patients were diagnosed as having depression.The SAS score of all included patients was 43.1±9.3 points,of which 71(23%)patients were diagnosed as having anxiety.Seven patients(2.3%)had both anxiety and depression.Logistic regression analysis revealed that only monthly income was an independent influencing factor for depression.Regarding anxiety,patients who underwent repeated operations had a 2.264-fold greater risk,and patients who received combination medication had a 2.140-fold greater risk.More bleeding events and coagulation disorders could be observed in patients with anxiety,depression or both.When anxiety occurred,patients showed worse medication adherence.However,depression had no significant effect on medication adherence.Conclusion During the COVID-19 pandemic,the detection rate of mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression was high,which seriously affected the medication safety of warfarin.Analysis of its influencing factors will provide a reference for further standardized regulation of warfarin anticoagulant therapy after valve replacement.

The hard X-ray nanoprobe beamline at the SSRF

The hard X-ray nanoprobe beamline BL13U is a phase-Ⅱ beamline project at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility.The beamline aims to enable comprehensive experiments at high spatial resolutions ranging from 50 to 10 nm. The X-ray energy range of the beamline, 5–25 keV, can detect most elements in the periodic table. Two operating modes were designed to accommodate the experimental requirements of high-energy resolution or high photon flux, respectively. X-ray nanofluorescence, nanodiffraction, and coherent diffraction imaging are developed as the main experimental techniques for BL13U. This paper describes the beamline optics, end station configurations, experimental methods under development, and preliminary test results. This comprehensive overview aims to provide a clear understanding of the beamline capabilities and potential applications.

巨噬细胞负载Fe_(3)O_(4)@PLGA纳米颗粒触发智能催化功能杀死多重耐药大肠杆菌

Infections with multidrug-resistant(MDR)Gram-negative bacteria,such as MDR Escherichia coli(E.coli),remain a challenge due to the lack of safe antibiotics and high fatality rates under anti-infection therapies.This work presents a form of biomimetic intelligent catalysis inspired by the selective biocatalytic property of macrophages(MΦs),consisting of an intelligent controlling center(a living MΦ)and a Fenton reaction catalyst(Fe_(3)O_(4)@poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA)nanoparticles)for killing MDR E.coli without harming normal cells.The MΦ-Fe_(3)O_(4)@PLGA particles(i.e.,the intelligent catalysis particles)exhibit selective biocatalysis activity toward MDR E.coli by producing H_(2)O_(2) and lipid droplets(LDs).This process activates the lipid metabolism and glycan biosynthesis and metabolism pathways based on the result of RNA sequencing data analysis.The H_(2)O_(2) further reacts with Fe_(3)O_(4)@PLGA to form highly toxic hydroxyl radicals(·OH),while the LDs contain antimicrobial peptides and can target MDR E.coli.The highly toxicOH and antimicrobial peptides are shown to combat with MDR E.coli,such that the antibacterial efficiency of the MΦ-Fe_(3)O_(4)@PLGA particles against MDR E.coli is 99.29%±0.31%in vitro.More importantly,after several passages,the intelligent catalysis function of the MΦ-Fe_(3)O_(4)@PLGA particles is well maintained.Hence,the concept of biomimetic intelligent catalysts displays potential for treating diseases other than infections.

Covering corneal stromal lenticule for macular hole in pathological myopia

AIM:To evaluate the clinical effect of a new surgery technique(covering corneal stromal lenticule,CSL)for macular hole(MH)in pathological myopia.METHODS:This was a prospective non-randomized series case study.Fourteen eyes of 14 patients whose axial length were more than 29 mm and suffered from MH and macular hole retinal detachment(MHRD)were included in this study.All cases were treated with 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)with internal limiting membrane(ILM)peeling,covering CSL and C_(3)F_(8) gas tamponade.These cases were followed for 6mo,and the best-corrected visual acuity(BCVA),healing status of MH,the reattached rate of retinal detachment(RD),and reoperation rate were analyzed.RESULTS:All cases were successfully performed the surgery and the postoperative follow-up was completed.After surgery,MHs were healed in all 14 eyes(100%,14/14)after assessed by optical coherence tomography.The reattachment of retina was achieved in all 6 eyes(100%,6/6)with MHRD.BCVA was improved in 12 eyes(85.71%,12/14),and had no significant change in 2 eyes(14.29%,2/14).The overall mean BCVA was improved from 1.80±0.77 to 0.82±0.46 logMAR(F=10.46,P<0.01).No serious complications occurred in all cases.CONCLUSION:The new surgery technique(covering CSL)has high reattached rate of RD and high healing rate of MH in pathological myopia in the preliminary study.And it can effectively improve the visual function of patients.This new technique offers meaningful new ideas for treating refractory MH in pathological myopia.

Predicting depression in patients with heart failure based on a stacking model

BACKGROUND There is a lack of literature discussing the utilization of the stacking ensemble algorithm for predicting depression in patients with heart failure(HF).AIM To create a stacking model for predicting depression in patients with HF.METHODS This study analyzed data on 1084 HF patients from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database spanning from 2005 to 2018.Through univariate analysis and the use of an artificial neural network algorithm,predictors significantly linked to depression were identified.These predictors were utilized to create a stacking model employing tree-based learners.The performances of both the individual models and the stacking model were assessed by using the test dataset.Furthermore,the SHapley additive exPlanations(SHAP)model was applied to interpret the stacking model.RESULTS The models included five predictors.Among these models,the stacking model demonstrated the highest performance,achieving an area under the curve of 0.77(95%CI:0.71-0.84),a sensitivity of 0.71,and a specificity of 0.68.The calibration curve supported the reliability of the models,and decision curve analysis confirmed their clinical value.The SHAP plot demonstrated that age had the most significant impact on the stacking model's output.CONCLUSION The stacking model demonstrated strong predictive performance.Clinicians can utilize this model to identify highrisk depression patients with HF,thus enabling early provision of psychological interventions.

DL-3-n-butylphthalide alleviates motor disturbance by suppressing ferroptosis in a rat model of Parkinson’s disease

DL-3-n-butylphthalide(NBP)-a compound isolated from Apium graveolens seeds-is protective against brain ischemia via various mechanisms in humans and has been approved for treatment of acute ischemic stroke.NBP has shown recent potential as a treatment for Parkinson’s disease.However,the underlying mechanism of action of NBP remains poorly understood.In this study,we established a rat model of Parkinson’s disease by intraperitoneal injection of rotenone for 28 successive days,followed by intragastric injection of NBP for 14-28 days.We found that NBP greatly alleviated rotenone-induced motor disturbance in the rat model of Parkinson’s disease,inhibited loss of dopaminergic neurons and aggregation ofα-synuclein,and reduced iron deposition in the substantia nigra and iron content in serum.These changes were achieved by alterations in the expression of the iron metabolism-related proteins transferrin receptor,ferritin light chain,and transferrin 1.NBP also inhibited oxidative stress in the substantia nigra and protected mitochondria in the rat model of Parkinson’s disease.Our findings suggest that NBP alleviates motor disturbance by inhibition of iron deposition,oxidative stress,and ferroptosis in the substantia nigra.

Deep learning for estimation of Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror alignment errors

A deep learning-based automated Kirkpatrick-Baez mirror alignment method is proposed for synchrotron radiation.We trained a convolutional neural network(CNN)on simulated and experimental imaging data of a focusing system.Instead of learning directly from bypass images,we use a scatterer for X-ray modulation and speckle generation for image feature enhancement.The smallest normalized root-mean-square error on the validation set was 4%.Compared with conventional alignment methods based on motor scanning and analyzer setups,the present method simplified the optical layout and estimated alignment errors using a single-exposure experiment.Single-shot misalignment error estimation only took 0.13 s,significantly outperforming conventional methods.We also demonstrated the effects of the beam quality and pretraining using experimental data.The proposed method exhibited strong robustness,can handle high-precision focusing systems with complex or dynamic wavefront errors,and provides an important basis for intelligent control of future synchrotron radiation beamlines.

Empowering Vocational Students to Excel in Skills Competitions:Challenges and Recommendations

This paper analyzes the key challenges faced by vocational college students when participating in national skills competitions.It identifies problems such as limited resources,insufficient training,lack of mentorship,academic workload constraints,and inadequate equipment.Targeted solutions are proposed,including improving resource access,providing structured skill training,implementing expert mentorship programs,offering flexible schedules,and upgrading experimental equipment.Implementing these recommendations through a collaborative effort among stakeholders can significantly empower vocational students to excel in skills competitions by enabling access to resources,building practical skills,obtaining guidance,managing time effectively,and gaining hands-on experience.

Viscosity reduction of tapioca starch by incorporating with molasses hydrocolloids

As a low cost non-staple food resource,the high-viscosity paste and poor gel-forming ability of tapioca starch limit its industrial application.Herein,molasses hydrocolloids that is a by-product of the sugar refining process was applied as a blending modifier to reduce the viscosity of tapioca starch paste.The test results of paste and rheological properties show that molasses hydrocolloids exhibited a good physical viscosity-reducing effect on tapioca starch paste.The irregular network structure and high K^(+)/Ca^(2+)ion contents of molasses hydrocolloids exerted wrapping,adhesion,barrier,and hydration effects on starch,leading to the reduction of viscosity.The scanning electron microscope images and textural analysis demonstrated that this strategy also improve the structure of tapioca starch gel and enhanced its puncture strength by 75.46%.This work shows the great potential of molasses hydrocolloids as a lowcost and desirable material for the viscosity reduction of tapioca starch.

Synthesis,characterization,and performance comparison of boron using adsorbents based on N-methyl-D-glucosamine

Using N-methyl-D-glucosamine(NMDG)as the functional monomer,glycidyl methacrylate(GMA)as the connecting monomer,functionalized Fe3O4 nano-particles(NPs)as the support,three adsorbents were prepared including direct polymer GMA-NMDG,magnetic GMA-NMDG polymer(MGN),and boron magnetic ion-imprinted polymer(BMIIP).Based upon the optimization of synthesis conditions,the prepared adsorbents and intermediate products were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis,scanning electron microscope,energy dispersive spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction,vibrating sample magnetometer,and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller to investigate the synthesis process,the morphological structure and the functional properties of the materials.The optimum performances of GMA-NMDG,MGN and BMIIP were obtained in the initial neutral solution(pH of 6.5).Moreover,GMANMDG and MGN reached the maximum adsorption capacity at 120 min,whereas BMIIP reached adsorption saturation at 60 min.The pseudo-second-order kinetic model was more suitable for the adsorption of boron using the adsorbents.The maximum adsorption capacity of GMA-NMDG was found to be 43.4 mg·g^(-1),while those of MGN and BMIIP were 32.5 and 28.3 mg·g^(-1),respectively.The Langmuir isotherm model was more appropriate to describe the adsorption process.The adsorbents maintained satisfactory adsorption performance within a certain temperature range.Competing ions had little effect on the adsorption of boron,and would be adsorbed simultaneously,due to which,the effect of co-adsorption can be considered.The adsorption capacity of GMA-NMDG was high,while the adsorption selectivity of BMIIP was much better.Furthermore,BMIIP showed good adsorption after five cycles of adsorption and desorption.The comparison of adsorbents showed that GMA-NMDG had the highest adsorption capacity and was suitable for co-adsorption.MGN had a high adsorption capacity,good comprehensive performance and magnetic properties.BMIIP had better adsorption rate,adsorption selectivity and recyclability.Through the optimization of synthesis conditions,the adsorption capacity of the traditional monomer NMDG polymer was increased,and the magnetism was given to facilitate rapid recovery.Combined with the ion imprinting technology,it showed higher boron adsorption selectivity in the presence of competitive ions.

Nonlinear perturbation of a high-order exceptional point:Skin discrete breathers and the hierarchical power-law scaling

We study the nonlinear perturbation of a high-order exceptional point(EP)of the order equal to the system site number L in a Hatano-Nelson model with unidirectional hopping and Kerr nonlinearity.Notably,we find a class of discrete breathers that aggregate to one boundary,here named as skin discrete breathers(SDBs).The nonlinear spectrum of these SDBs shows a hierarchical power-law scaling near the EP.Specifically,the response of nonlinear energy to the perturbation is given by E_(m)∝Γ~(α_(m)),whereα_(m)=3^(m-1)is the power with m=1,...,L labeling the nonlinear energy bands.This is in sharp contrast to the L-th root of a linear perturbation in general.These SDBs decay in a double-exponential manner,unlike the edge states or skin modes in linear systems,which decay exponentially.Furthermore,these SDBs can survive over the full range of nonlinearity strength and are continuously connected to the self-trapped states in the limit of large nonlinearity.They are also stable,as confirmed by a defined nonlinear fidelity of an adiabatic evolution from the stability analysis.As nonreciprocal nonlinear models may be experimentally realized in various platforms,such as the classical platform of optical waveguides,where Kerr nonlinearity is naturally present,and the quantum platform of optical lattices with Bose-Einstein condensates,our analytical results may inspire further exploration of the interplay between nonlinearity and non-Hermiticity,particularly on high-order EPs,and benchmark the relevant simulations.

Evaluation and Exploration of Citrus Germplasm Resources in the Origin of Shatangju(Citrus flamea Hort.ex Tseng Shiyueju)

[Objectives]To protect the local rare citrus germplasm resources and further develop and cultivate new citrus varieties.[Methods]The germplasm resources of Shatangju(Citrus flamea Hort.Ex Tseng Shiyueju)in Sihui City of Guangdong Province and other 8 citrus varieties from the same origin were evaluated.The appearance characteristics of tree shape,the length and thickness of shoot at each shoot stage,the appearance characteristics of leaves and the fruit quality of each variety were investigated.[Results]Through the comparison of various citrus varieties grafted with sour mandarin,the results showed that the overall advantages of the length and thickness of the shoots of Shatang tangerine in summer and autumn were more prominent,which was conducive to fruit setting.The sprouting time of the three shoots of each variety was different,and there were sporadic sprouting phenomena in different seasons,so the growth was different,and the length and thickness of the shoots were different in different seasons.There were significant differences in shoot length and diameter among different varieties in the same season.The coefficient of variation of Shatangju's leaves was low,and the traits were stable;leaf shape,leaf base shape,leaf margin and other indicators among the three shoots of the same variety and the differences among the same shoots of different varieties were compared.All varieties had strong flavor,separately sweet and sour,sweet and sweet taste.Shatangju has many segments,orange pericarp,rough texture,easy peeling,and high oblate fruit shape.The orange pericarp was favored by the participants,while the rough and thick peel was not favored by the participants.[Conclusions]Based on the improvement of local varieties,it is recommended to improve the smoothness of pericarp,reducing the thickness of pericarp and improving the flavor of fruit will be conducive to increasing sales.In the cultivation process of various quality resources,especially in the period of fruit growth and development,the plan of nutrition and fertilization should be formulated according to the rules of fruit growth and development,the rules of yield formation and the rules of quality composition,so as to establish the integrated nutrient management system of various varieties.

依达拉奉对心肌梗死大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的抑制作用及机制研究

目的探讨依达拉奉对心肌梗死(MI)大鼠心肌细胞凋亡的抑制作用及其作用机制。方法 50只SD大鼠随机分为假手术对照组、模型对照组、依达拉奉小剂量、中剂量及大剂量组5组。除假手术对照组外,其他4组大鼠均结扎冠状动脉左前降支复制MI模型。依达拉奉小剂量、中剂量及大剂量组分别腹腔注射依达拉奉1、3和6 mg/kg,假手术对照组和模型对照组大鼠注射同体积生理盐水。各组大鼠模型复制2 h后开始给药,连续给药14 d后进行相关检测,采用高分辨小动物超声仪测定大鼠心脏结构和功能,取腹主动脉血检测血清心肌酶(cTn T、CK-MB、LDH)和抗氧化标志物(SOD、MDA、GSH-Px),采用TUNEL法测定心肌细胞凋亡指数,采用RT-PCR法检测心肌PI3K、Akt、Bcl-2及Bax mRNA表达,采用Western blotting检测心肌PI3K、Akt、p-Akt、Bcl-2及Bax蛋白的表达。结果依达拉奉呈剂量依赖性降低MI大鼠左心室舒张末期内径(LVESD)和左心室收缩末期内径(LVEDD)水平(P<0.05),升高左心室射血分数(LVEF)和左室短轴率(LVFS)水平(P<0.05);依达拉奉呈剂量依赖性降低MI大鼠血清c Tn T、CK-MB和LDH水平(P<0.05);依达拉奉呈剂量依赖性升高大鼠血清SOD和GSH-Px水平(P<0.05),降低MDA水平(P<0.05);依达拉奉剂量依赖性抑制MI大鼠心肌细胞凋亡指数(P<0.05);依达拉奉呈剂量依赖性升高MI大鼠心肌PI3K、Akt和Bcl-2 mRNA的表达(P<0.05),降低Bax mRNA的表达(P<0.05);依达拉奉呈剂量依赖性升高MI大鼠心肌PI3K、Akt、p-Akt及Bcl-2蛋白的表达(P<0.05),降低Bax蛋白的表达(P<0.05)。结论依达拉奉对MI大鼠心脏具有保护作用,可降低心肌细胞的凋亡,改善心肌抗氧化能力,并且调控PI3K/Akt信号通路。

血清microRNA-618表达与原发性肝癌疗效及预后的关系

目的探讨血清microRNA-618(miR-618)表达与原发性肝癌(PHC)疗效及预后的关系。方法选取2016年2月—2018年3月在内江市第二人民医院接受治疗的65例PHC患者为病例组,另选取同期65例健康体检者为健康组。通过实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)检测miR-618 mRNA相对表达量,分析miR-618表达与PHC患者临床病理特征的关系;根据患者miR-618 mRNA相对表达量分为高表达组和低表达组,比较两组治疗后血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)、甲胎蛋白异质体(AFP-L3)、磷脂酰肌醇蛋白聚糖-3(GPC3)、高尔基体蛋白-73(GP73)水平及平均疾病进展时间(TTP)和中位生存期(MST),分析miR-618表达与PHC患者治疗后血清肿瘤标志物水平及预后的关系。结果病例组治疗前血清miR-618 mRNA相对表达量(0.72±0.21)比健康组(1.03±0.43)低(P<0.05);病例组治疗后血清miR-618 mRNA相对表达量(0.83±0.19)比治疗前(0.72±0.21)高(P<0.05);病例组不同性别、年龄、肿瘤直径、Child-pugh分级、是否伴有肝硬化及是否有癌栓患者的血清miR-618 mRNA相对表达量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);低表达组miR-618 mRNA相对表达量比高表达组低(P<0.05),AFP-L3、AFP、GPC3、GP73水平比高表达组高(P<0.05);Pearson相关性分析显示,血清miR-618 mRNA相对表达量与血清AFP-L3水平(r=-0.453)、AFP水平(r=-0.568)、GPC3水平(r=-0.412)、GP73水平(r=-0.612)呈负相关(P<0.05);低表达组TTP(13.97±1.76)个月、MST(21.98±3.06)个月比高表达组TTP(25.13±2.25)个月、MST(34.06±4.19)个月低(P<0.05)。结论miR-618在PHC中表达下调,其表达与治疗后的血清肿瘤标志物水平及预后相关,可能成为PHC诊断、治疗及预后评估的新生物学标志物。

改良YAMANE式巩膜层间无缝线后房型人工晶状体固定术的疗效观察

目的:观察YAMANE式巩膜层间无缝线后房型人工晶状体固定术的术后效果、安全性及并发症。方法:病例随访观察。选取2017-12/2018-09于华西医院眼科行YAMANE式巩膜层间无缝线后房型人工晶状体固定术患者5例,定期随访患者术后的裸眼视力(LogMAR)、最佳矫正视力(LogMAR)、等效球镜度数、眼压及人工晶状体位置等。结果:患者3例术后矫正视力达0.0,术后等效球镜度数与目标屈光度相差为0.11~0.62D。术后3mo,1例患者裸眼视力达术前最佳矫正视力0.2,另1例患者术前存在角膜白斑及黄斑前膜牵拉水肿,矫正视力达到了术前验光最佳矫正效果。随访期间所有患者的人工晶状体袢凸缘及袢均保持在巩膜层间良好的位置,人工晶状体位置居中,未见明显偏心及倾斜。所有病例术后均未出现低眼压及其它并发症。结论:YAMANE式巩膜层间无缝线后房型人工晶状体固定术切口小,无需制作巩膜瓣,不使用缝线及生物胶,手术时间短,人工晶状体位置居中且固定良好。此手术方式需要经过一定的学习曲线,掌握术中关键点操作,可以为患者带来快速、良好、稳定的术后效果,且术后并发症少。

雷珠单抗联合玻璃体切割术治疗DR合并新生血管性青光眼

目的:探究雷珠单抗联合玻璃体切割术治疗DR合并新生血管性青光眼(NVG)的临床效果。方法:选取2016-01/2018-02我院眼科收治的DR合并NVG患者198例,根据治疗方案不同分为观察组(103例)和对照组(95例),观察组采用术前注射雷珠单抗联合玻璃体切割术治疗,对照组单纯采用玻璃体切割术治疗,玻璃体切割术后10~15dⅡ期实施Ahmed房水引流阀植入。观察两组治疗后眼压、BCVA、VEGF等指标变化情况。结果:观察组的玻璃体切割术的手术时间、新生血管出血次数、电凝次数均低于对照组(P<0.001)。观察组在玻璃体切割术后1wk和Ⅱ期Ahmed房水引流阀植入术后1moBCVA、眼压均低于对照组(P<0.001)。观察组Ⅱ期Ahmed房水引流阀植入术前VEGF和术后1mo视网膜黄斑中心凹厚度均低于对照组(P<0.001)。观察组总并发发生率低于对照组(10.7%vs28.4%,P<0.05)。结论:雷珠单抗联合玻璃体切割术治疗DR合并NVG的疗效显著,且使Ⅱ期Ahmed房水引流阀植入手术难度下降,对患者视力、眼压水平恢复较好。

Loss of Wnt5a and Ror2 protein in hepatocellular carcinoma associated with poor prognosis

AIM： To investigate the expression and clinical significance of Wnt member 5a （Wnt5a） and receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 2 （Ror2） in hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC）.METHODS： In HCC tissues obtained from 85 patients, the protein expressions of Wnt5a, Rot2, 13-catenin, and Ki-67 via immunohistochemical staining using the Envision Plus System. The antibody binding was visualized with 3, 3＇-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochloride （DAB） before brief counterstaining with Mayer＇s hematoxylin. The degree of immunohistochemical staining was recorded using a semiquantitative and subjective grading system. The mRNA expression of Rot2 was examined by real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, including nineteen of the 85 HCC and three normal liver tissues. The ratios of Ror2 to the housekeeping gene GAPDH represented the normalized relative levels of Ror2 expression. To determine the prognostic factor, the outcome of the 82 patients was determined by reviewing their medical charts. The overall and diseasefree survival rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared with the logrank test. The prognostic analysis was carried out with univariate and multivariate Cox regressions models.RESULTS： Compared to nontumorous （hepatitis or cirrhotic） tissues, Rot2 mRNA expression was clearly decreased in HCC. Rot2 and Wnt5a protein expressions in the majority of HCC patients （63% and 77%, respectively） was significantly less in tumor tissues, as compared to adjacent nontumorous tissues, and this reduction was correlated with increasing serum α-fetoprotein and tumor stage. In 68% （58/85） of the HCC cases, the expression of IB-catenin in tumor tissues was either downregulated in the cellular membrane, upregulated in the cytoplasm, or both. Survival analysis indicated that Wnt5a and Ror2 protein expressions could be regarded as independent prognostic factors for HCC; HCC patients with decreased Wnt5a or Ror2 protein expression had a poorer prognosis than those with elevated Wnt5a and Ror2 expression （P = 0.016, P = 0.007, respectively）.CONCLUSION： Wnt5a and Ror2 may serve as tumor suppressor genes in the development of HCC, and may serve as clinicopathologic biomarkers for prognosis in HCC patients.

Andrology in China： current status and 10 years＇ progress

Andrology has a long history in traditional Chinese medicine. There are records of male sexual health, male sexual dysfunction and male infertility from over thousands of years ago. Modern andrology in China had a late start, with the Chinese Androlo~ Association founded in 1995. Within last decade, andrology in China has grown rapidly. In this review article, we summarized the progress of androlo~ in last 10 years and outlined the current status of Chinese andrology with a special focus on progress in male erectile dysfunction, prostate diseases, male infertility and male hormonal contraception.