Intravascular lithotripsy successfully open recurrent in-stent chronic occlusion lesion combined with circular calcification

Coronary artery calcification is common in elderly,diabetic,and dialysis-dependent patients,poses a great challenge to interventional therapy and significantly increases the risk of complications and poor prognosis.[1]Traditional rotational atherectomy and excimer laser coronary atherectomy are both special treatment techniques for severely calcified lesions,but they are difficult to use in clinical practice due to complicated operations.Intravascular lithotripsy(IVL)is a new way of treating calcified lesion.

Expression of transferrin in hematoma brain tissue at different stages after intra cerebral hemorrhage in rats

Objective: To explore the expression of transferrin(Tf) and transferrin receptor(Tf R) in hematoma brain tissue at different stage after intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH) in rats. Methods: ICH rats model were established by collagenase method, and rats were sacrificed at 24 h, 72 h, 7 d and 14 d after operation. The levels of Tf and Tf R in different periods of rats were detected by immunohistochemical method, and correlation between two groups was analyzed. Results: Tf, Tf R-positive cells at each time after operation in observation group were significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05). Tf, Tf R-positive cells began to increase from 24 h after the operation and reached the peak 72 h-7 d after surgery, but then gradually decreased. Tf was mainly expressed in nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons and glial cells around the hematoma, but Tf R was mainly expressed in nucleus and cytoplasm of neurons and choroid plexus endothelial cells. Correlation analysis showed that the Tf-positive cell was significantly positively correlated with Tf R-positive cell expression(r=0.447, P=0.022). Conclusions: Tf and Tf R were important transporters in brain tissue excessive load iron transport after ICH, and detecting the expression levels of the two indicators can provide a reference for prognosis treatmentin ICH.

Transcriptomic analyses of humans and mice provide insights into depression

Accumulating studies have been conducted to identify risk genes and relevant biological mechanisms underlying major depressive disorder(MDD).In particular,transcriptomic analyses in brain regions engaged in cognitive and emotional processes,e.g.,the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC),have provided essential insights.Based on three independent DLPFC RNA-seq datasets of 79 MDD patients and 75 healthy controls,we performed differential expression analyses using two alternative approaches for cross-validation.We also conducted transcriptomic analyses in mice undergoing chronic variable stress(CVS)and chronic social defeat stress(CSDS).We identified 12 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)through both analytical methods in MDD patients,the majority of which were also dysregulated in stressed mice.Notably,the mRNA level of the immediate early gene FOS(Fos proto-oncogene)was significantly decreased in both MDD patients and CVS-exposed mice,and CSDSsusceptible mice exhibited a greater reduction in Fos expression compared to resilient mice.These findings suggest the potential key roles of this gene in the pathogenesis of MDD related to stress exposure.Altered transcriptomes in the DLPFC of MDD patients might be,at least partially,the result of stress exposure,supporting that stress is a primary risk factor for MDD.

The Comparative Study on Two Models of Syndrome Differentiation of the Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease: An Investigation Analysis of the Signs and Symptoms on 2325 Cases

Objective To realize the characteristics of "zheng" differentiation-treatment for hand, foot and mouth disease(HFMD), a new methodology of syndrome differentiation for different stages of HFMD has been explored. Methods Total of 2 325 cases with HFMD were recorded by distributing them into exterior syndrome stage, interior syndrome stage, severe syndrome stage and recovered syndrome stage, respectively, and the main symptoms and subsidiary symptoms of different stages of HFMD have been observed. The major and minor pathogenesis of HFMD in different stages were obtained, and compared with the "2010 Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of HFMD". Results It was found that the major pathogenesis of exterior stage was defined as "the invation of the wenevil to the defender of the body with the collaterals got involved ", and the minor as "qi deficiency"; in interior stage, "the fury of Gan-Yang" was the main pathogenesis, and "qi in chaos and qi deficiency" was the minor; in severe syndrome stage, "the damage of heart, liver and lung" was the main pathogenesis, and "qi in chaos" was the minor; and the pathogenesis of recovered stage was "qi-yin deficiency". Compared with the "2010 Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of HFMD", it showed that "the obstruction of the fei-pi qi by the mixture of shi-re evil" and "the mixture of shi-re" in vivo was quite difficult to be explained in completely different context in the general situation; in the severe stage, the TCM clinical characteristics of syndrome differentiation might lose; in the early acute severe cases, the phenomenon that xin-yang and fei-qi almost ran out was difficult to be observed, then, the line between the severe and the acute severe became vague.Conclusions The theory of syndrome differentiation by stages of HFMD was reasonable in the actual situation of clinical description on HFMD which was expected to be further tested and widely applied in the "zheng" differentiation-treatment of HFMD in the future.

A clinical pathway for integrative medicine in the treatment of functional constipation in Hong Kong,China

Objective:Functional constipation(FC)is a common intestinal disease worldwide.Despite the presence of criteria such as Roman IV,there is no standardized diagnosis and treatment algorithm in Hong Kong that combines both Western and Chinese medicine approaches.This study integrates current effective and safe diagnosis and treatment methods for FC and provides a clear and scientific pathway for clinical professionals and patients.Methods:A systematic search of the PubMed,Cochrane Library,and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases was performed from their inception to June 30th,2022,collecting the current evidence about the efficacious integrative management for FC.We organized a meeting of professionals in fields relevant to treatment and management of FC to develop a consensus agreement on clinical pathway process.Results:We developed a clinical pathway for the treatment of FC based on the most recent published guidelines and consultation with experts.This pathway includes a hierarchy of recommendations for every step of the clinical process,including clinical intake,diagnostic examination,recommended labs,diagnostic flowchart,and guidance for selection of therapeutic drugs.Conclusion:This pathway establishes clinical standards for the diagnosis and treatment of FC using Chinese medicine and Western medicine;it will help to provide high-quality medical services in Hong Kong for patients with FC.

Whole genome analyses reveal significant convergence in obsessive-compulsive disorder between humans and dogs

Obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)represents a heterogeneous collection of diseases with diverse levels of phenotypic,genetic,and etiologic variability,making it difficult to identify the underlying genetic and biological mechanisms in humans.Domestic dogs exhibit several OCD-like behaviors.Using continuous circling as a representative phenotype for OCD,we screened two independent dog breeds,the Belgian Malinois and Kunming Dog and subsequently sequenced ten circling dogs and ten unaffected dogs for each breed.Using population differentiation analyses,we identified 11 candidate genes in the extreme tail of the differentiated regions between cases and controls.These genes overlap significantly with genes identified in a genome wide association study(GWAS)of human OCD,indicating strong convergence between humans and dogs.Through gene expressional analysis and functional exploration,we found that two candidate OCD risk genes,PPP2R2B and ADAMTSL3,affected the density and morphology of dendritic spines.Therefore,changes in dendritic spine may underlie some common biological and physiological pathways shared between humans and dogs.Our study revealed an unprecedented level of convergence in OCD shared between humans and dogs,and highlighted the importance of using domestic dogs as a model species for many human diseases including OCD.

Comparing chloroplast genomes of traditional Chinese herbs Schisandra sphenanthera and S.chinensis

Objective:Schisandra sphenanthera and S.chinensis are the two important medicinal plants that have long been used under the names of"Nan-Wuweizi"and"Wuweizi",respectively.The misuse of"NanWuweizi"and"Wuweizi"in herbal medical products calls for an accurate method to distinguish these herbs.Chloroplast(cp)genomes have been widely used in species delimitation and phylogeny due to their uniparental inheritance and lower substitution rates than that of the nuclear genomes.To develop more efficient DNA markers for distinguishing S.sphenanthera,S.chinensis,and the related species,we sequenced the cp genome ofS.sphenanthera and compared it to that of S.chinensis.Methods:The cp genome of S.sphenanthera was sequenced at the lllumina HiSeq platform,and the reference-guided mapping of contigs was obtained with a de novo assembly procedure.Then,comparative analyses of the cp genomes of S.sphenanthera and S.chinensis were carried out.Results:The cp genome of S.sphenanthera was 146853 bp in length and consisted of a large single copy(LSC)region of 95627 bp,a small single copy(SSC)region of 18292 bp,and a pair of inverted repeats(IR)of 16467 bp.GC content was 39.6%.A total of 126 functional genes were predicted,of which 113 genes were unique,including 79 protein-coding genes,30 transfer RNA(tRNA)genes,and four ribosomal RNA(rRNA)genes.Five tRNA,four protein-coding genes,and all rRNA were duplicated in the IR regions.There were 18 intron-containing genes,including six tRNA genes and 12 protein-coding genes.In addition,45 SSRs were detected.The whole cp genome of S.sphenanthera was 123 bp longer than that of S.chinensis.A total of 474 SNPs and 97 InDels were identified.Five genetic regions with high levels of variation(Pi>0.015),trnS-trnG,ccsA-ndhD,psbI-trnS,trnT-psbD and ndhF-rpl32 were revealed.Conclusion:We reported the cp genome ofS.sphenanthera and revealed the SNPs and InDels between the cp genomes of S.sphenanthera and S.chinensis.This study shed light on the species identification and further phylogenetic study within the genus of Schisandra.