Improving myopia awareness via school-based myopia prevention health education among Chinese students

AIM:To investigate the myopia awareness level,knowledge,attitude,and skills at baseline and to implement and evaluate the efficacy of myopia prevention health education among Chinese students.METHODS:A total of 1000 middle school students from 2 middle schools were invited to participate in the study,and myopia prevention health education was conducted.The students were assessed at baseline,followed by a survey.The efficacy of health education was evaluated using the self-comparison method pre-and post-health education.RESULTS:The study included 957 and 850 pre-and post-health education par ticipants,respectively.The baseline knowledge of all respondents on myopic symptoms(87.5%),myopia is a risk of eyes(72.9%),myopia prevention(91.3%),myopia increases with age(86.7%),performing periodic eye examinations(92.8%),and one first,one foot,and one inch(84.8%)significantly increased after health education(P<0.001 for all).However,the percentage of students who still did not think it necessary to take breaks after 30-40min of continuous near work was 27.0%.The opinion that“myopia can be cured”was still present in 38.3%.CONCLUSION:Implementing school-based myopia prevention health education improves knowledge,attitudes,and skills regarding myopia among Chinese middle school students.

Successful treatment of disseminated nocardiosis diagnosed by metagenomic next-generation sequencing:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Nocardia paucivorans is an infrequently found bacterium with the potential to cause severe infection,with a predilection for the central nervous system,both in immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals.Rapid etiological diagnosis of nocardiosis can facilitate timely and rational antimicrobial treatment.Metagenomic next-generation sequencing(m NGS)can improve the rate and reduce the turnaround time for the detection of Nocardia.CASE SUMMARY A 49-year-old man was admitted to hospital with cough and hemoptysis.Imaging revealed pulmonary consolidation as well as multiple brain lesions.Nocardia asiatica and Nocardia beijingensis were rapidly detected by m NGS of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)while bacterial culture of BALF and pathological biopsy of lung tissue were negative.In early stages,he was treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(TMP-SMZ)and linezolid by individual dose adjustment based on serum concentrations and the adverse effects of thrombocytopenia and leukopenia.The treatment was then replaced by TMP-SMZ and ceftriaxone or minocycline.He was treated with 8 mo of parenteral and/or oral antibiotics,and obvious clinical improvement was achieved with resolution of pulmonary and brain lesions on repeat imaging.CONCLUSION m NGS provided fast and precise pathogen detection of Nocardia.In disseminated nocardiosis,linezolid is an important alternative that can give a better outcome with the monitoring of linezolid serum concentrations and platelet count.

福州市6~16岁儿童青少年屈光发育现状

目的了解福州市6~16岁儿童青少年屈光发育现状。方法收集2021年1月1日至12月31日福州市6~16岁儿童青少年的睫状肌麻痹后等效球镜度(spherical equivalent,SE)、眼轴长度(axial length,AL)、角膜曲率半径(corneal radius,CR),并计算AL/CR比值,进行相关性分析。结果共纳入2888例患者,均取右眼进行分析,不同年龄组患者睫状肌麻痹后SE、AL和AL/CR比值的差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。睫状肌麻痹后SE与年龄呈负相关关系(r=-0.356,P<0.01),AL、AL/CR比值与年龄呈正相关关系(r=0.413,P<0.01;r=0.425,P<0.01)。CR随年龄变化基本保持稳定,与年龄之间的相关性不显著(r=0.035,P>0.05)。不同性别间AL、CR及AL/CR比值存在差异(P<0.001),与男性相比,女性AL更短,CR更小,角膜曲率更陡峭,AL/CR比值略低。不同屈光状态组在AL和AL/CR比值间差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),AL和AL/CR比值与近视程度呈正相关关系(r=0.636,P<0.01;r=0.767,P<0.01)。不同屈光状态组在CR方面差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但不同近视程度组在CR上差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),CR与近视程度呈负相关关系(r=-0.067,P<0.01),高度近视组CR较中度近视和低度近视组更小,即角膜曲率更陡峭。结论福州市6~16岁儿童青少年随着年龄增加屈光状态向近视漂移,AL、AL/CR比值呈增长趋势,CR则基本保持稳定。