2023:A year of accomplishments for the 13 Science Citation Index Expanded-and Emerging Sources Citation Index-indexed Baishideng journals

In 2023,Baishideng Publishing Group(Baishideng)routinely published 47 openaccess journals,including 46 English-language journals and 1 Chinese-language journal.Our successes were accomplished through the collective dedicated efforts of Baishideng staffs,Editorial Board Members,and Peer Reviewers.Among these 47 Baishideng journals,7 are included in the Science Citation Index Expanded(SCIE)and 6 in the Emerging Sources Citation Index(ESCI).With the support of Baishideng authors,company staffs,Editorial Board Members,and Peer Reviewers,the publication work of 2023 is about to be successfully completed.This editorial summarizes the 2023 activities and accomplishments of the 13 SCIEand ESCI-indexed Baishideng journals,outlines the Baishideng publishing policy changes and additions made this year,and highlights the unique advantages of Baishideng journals.

PRSS50-mediated inhibition of MKP3/ERK signaling is crucial for meiotic progression and sperm quality

Serine protease 50(PRSS50/TSP50)is highly expressed in spermatocytes.Our study investigated its role in testicular development and spermatogenesis.Initially,PRSS50 knockdown was observed to impair DNA synthesis in spermatocytes.To further explore this,we generated PRSS50 knockout(Prss50^(−/−))mice(Mus musculus),which exhibited abnormal spermatid nuclear compression and reduced male fertility.Furthermore,dysplastic seminiferous tubules and decreased sex hormones were observed in 4-week-old Prss50^(−/−)mice,accompanied by meiotic progression defects and increased apoptosis of spermatogenic cells.Mechanistic analysis indicated that PRSS50 deletion resulted in increased phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2(ERK1/2)and elevated levels of MAP kinase phosphatase 3(MKP3),a specific ERK antagonist,potentially accounting for testicular dysplasia in adolescent Prss50−/−mice.Taken together,these findings suggest that PRSS50 plays an important role in testicular development and spermatogenesis,with the MKP3/ERK signaling pathway playing a significant role in this process.

Nitrite-catalyzed economic and sustainable bromocyclization of tryptamines/tryptophols to access hexahydropyrrolo[2,3-b]indoles/tetrahydrofuroindolines in batch and flow

A highly efficient and concise bromocyclization has been successfully achieved,in which tryptamine/tryptophol derivates can be transformed to valuable HPI/TFI scaffolds with economic and green manners.Moreover,a controllable cascade transformation of bromocyclization and aromatic bromination has also been smoothly achieved to form dibrominated HPIs and TFIs.Production could be successfully scaled up under both the batch process and a continuous flow fashion.The most remarkable peculiarity of our process over all previous methods is that the generated water is the major waste.Notably,successful application of this new protocol has been demonstrated by the pharmaceutical and natural products syntheses.

磨玻璃样肺腺癌多维度CT征象特点对其浸润程度预测的临床研究

目的探讨多维度CT征象对以磨玻璃样结节(GGN)为特征的肺腺癌浸润程度或病理亚型进行预测的临床应用价值。方法回顾性分析2013年1月至2017年12月大连大学附属中山医院经病理证实230例肺磨玻璃样结节患者的CT扫描资料,其中12例患者胸部CT扫描显示肺部有2个磨玻璃样结节。按照2011版肺腺癌最新分类标准,分为浸润前病变110个(浸润前病变组)、微浸润腺癌32个(微浸润腺癌组)及浸润性腺癌100个(浸润性腺癌组)。分析CT征象包括其一般维度、边缘维度、内部维度及管腔维度(血管征象分型及支气管征象分型)。结果(1)一般维度征象,病灶形态为圆形或类圆形在浸润前病变组、微浸润腺癌组和浸润性腺癌组的发生率分别为59.1%(65/110)、68.8%(22/32)、55.0%(55/100),差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.904,P >0.05);3组GGN病灶直径中,浸润性病变组[(17.4±7.0)mm] >微浸润病变组[(11.0±5.1)mm] >浸润前病变组[(10.0±4.7)mm],差异有统计学意义(U=68.312,P<0.05);ROC曲线分析显示,鉴别浸润前病变与浸润性腺癌病变(包括微浸润与浸润性病变组)的临界值为1.29cm,诊断敏感度为70.0%,特异度为80.7%,ROC曲线下面积(AUC)为0.802。(2)边缘维度征象,分叶征在浸润前病变组、微浸润腺癌组和浸润性腺癌组的发生率分别为21.8%(24/110)、56.3%(18/32)、82.0%(82/100),差异有统计学意义(χ2=76.304,P<0.05)。(3)内部维度征象,浸润前病变组、微浸润腺癌组和浸润性腺癌组空泡征的发生率分别为10.9%(12/110)、18.8%(6/32)、55.0%(55/100),差异有统计学意义(χ2=50.620,P<0.05)。(4)管腔维度征象,血管征象分型在浸润性腺癌以Ⅲ型(57.0%,57/100)、Ⅳ型(40.0%,40/100)多见,微浸润腺癌Ⅲ型(62.5%,20/32)多见,浸润前病变Ⅱ型(65.5%,72/110)多见;而支气管征象分型在浸润性腺癌以Ⅱ型(34.0%,34/100)、Ⅲ型(37.0%,37/100)多见,微浸润腺癌多见Ⅲ型(40.6%,13/32),浸润前病变多见Ⅳ型(50.9%,56/110),3组间差异均有统计学意义(χ2值分别为141.749、134.268,P值均<0.05);将血管征象与支气管征象分型单独或联合进行浸润前病变与浸润性腺癌预测的准确率分别为86.4%(209/242)、82.2%(199/242)和89.3%(216/242)。结论通过多维度CT征象综合分析有助于对GGN为特征的肺腺癌浸润程度及病理亚型术前预测,尤其将血管征象及支气管征象分型同时出现且联合诊断时的鉴别效能高于各征象单独诊断,为临床术前预测GGN为特征的肺腺癌浸润程度提供了新的信息与方向。

Geochronological and geochemical evidence for a Late Ordovician to Silurian arc-back-arc system in the northern Great Xing'an Range,NE China

The early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Xing'an-Mongolian Orogenic Belt is dominated by two oceanic basins on the northwestern and southeastern sides of the Xing'an Block,i.e.,the Xinlin-Xiguitu Ocean and the Nenjiang Ocean.However,the early development of the Nenjiang Ocean remains unclear.Here,we present zircon U-Pb geochronology and whole-rock elemental and Sr-Nd isotopic data on the gabbros in the Xinglong area together with andesitic tuffs and basalts in the Duobaoshan area.LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating of gabbros and andesitic tuffs yielded crystallization ages of 443-436 Ma and 452-451 Ma,respectively.The Early Silurian Xinglong gabbros show calc-alkaline and E-MORB affinities but they are enriched in LILEs,and depleted in HFSEs,with relatively low U/Th ratios of 0.18-0.36 andεNd(t)values of-1.6 to+0.5.These geochemical features suggest that the gabbros might originate from a mantle wedge modified by pelagic sediment-derived melts,consistent with a back-arc basin setting.By contrast,the andesitic tuffs are characterized by high MgO(>5 wt.%),Cr(138-200 ppm),and Ni(65-110 ppm)contents,and can be termed as high-Mg andesites.Their low Sr/Y ratios of 15.98-17.15 and U/Th values of 0.24-0.25 and moderate(La/Sm)_n values of 3.07-3.26 are similar to those from the Setouchi Volcanic Belt(SW Japan),and are thought to be derived from partial melting of subducted sediments,and subsequent melt-mantle interaction.The Duobaoshan basalts have high Nb(8.44-10.30 ppm)and TiO2 contents(1.17-1.60 wt.%),typical of Nb-enriched basalts.They are slightly younger than regional adakitic rocks and have positiveεNd(t)values of+5.2 to+5.7 and are interpreted to be generated by partial melting of a depleted mantle source metasomatized by earlier adakitic melts.Synthesized with coeval arc-related igneous rocks from the southeastern Xing'an Block,we propose that the Duobaoshan high-Mg andesitic tuffs and Nbenriched basalts are parts of the Late Ordovician and Silurian Sonid Zuoqi-Duobaoshan arc belt,and they were formed by the northwestern subduction of the Nenjiang Ocean.Such a subduction beneath the integrated Xing'an-Erguna Block also gave rise to the East Ujimqin-Xinglong igneous belt in a continental back-arc basin setting.Our new data support an early Paleozoic arc-back-arc model in the northern Great Xing'an Range.

Cr(Ⅵ) reduction in chromium-contaminated soil by indigenous microorganisms under aerobic condition

Bioremediation plays an increasingly important role in the remediation of chromium-contaminated soil because it is an environmentally friendly technology. To investigate the Cr(Ⅵ)reduction process by indigenous microorganisms in soil, a batch of incubation experiments were carried out in a bioreactor under aerobic conditions. The results showed that in the presence of indigenous microorganisms, the Cr(Ⅵ) concentration in the chromium-contaminated soil decreased from 1521.9 to 199.2 mg/kg within 66 h with culture medium addition, while a slight decrease in the Cr(Ⅵ) concentration was found in the sterilized soil,implying that the indigenous microorganisms contributed to the Cr(Ⅵ) reduction. In the microbial remediation process, Cr(Ⅵ)microbial reduction occurred after the reduction of NO3-, Mn4+ and Fe3+ and,before SO42- reduction. The reduction process of Cr(Ⅵ) can be divided into two phases, characterized by the exponential equation model of microbial reduction and the linear equation model of the combined effect of the major ions. It can be concluded that indigenous Cr(Ⅵ)-reducing bacteria have a potential application for in-situ remediation of Cr(Ⅵ)-contaminated soil.

Traditional Chinese medicine of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge: a review of phytochemistry, pharmacology and pharmacokinetics

Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge,known as red sage or Danshen,is commonly applied in Chinese herbal therapeutics for various biological effects.In 25-220 C.E.,the earliest Chinese Materia Medica referred to as Shengong’s Classic of Materia Medica(Eastern Han Dynasty of China,200 C.E.)initially documented Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge.Currently,Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge is one of the most frequently prescribed traditional Chinese medicines in clinics for antidiabetic,antianxiety,antihypertensive,antidepressant,antilipidemic,antiarrhythmic,and anticancer effects.Undoubtedly,it is best known for improving and promoting blood circulation;thus,its recommendation for use in cardiovascular disorders.Regarding this article,important information was sourced both manually and electronically using patent compendium and databases,including Google Scholar,herbal plant monographs,Hindawi,PubMed,Embase,CNKI,pharmacopoeias,Springer,etc.Well-concise details and discussions on the botany,traditional medicinal uses,chemical constituents-phytochemistry,pharmacokinetics,pharmacology,and toxicology information are presented.In perspective,understanding the comprehensive information of the above-stated fields with regards to Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge would yield an additional positive knowledge on areas that need urgent attention and identify gaps in research and safety for future consideration.

The anti-pulmonary fibrosis of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge: A systematic review

The characteristics of PF are diffuse alveolitis and disruption of alveolar structure leading to pulmonary interstitial fibrosis.At the same time,pulmonary fibrosis reduces lung volume and restricts ventilation,ultimately leading to hypoxemia and respiratory failure.In clinical guidelines,Nintedanib or Pirfenidone is often used for treatment.However,the two drugs,although they may slow the progression of the disease,cannot stop,or reverse fibrosis and generally result in a variety of toxic side effects.In 184-220 A.D.,it was already recorded in Supplementary Records of Famous Physicians that the function of SMB was to invigorate blood circulation and disperse blood stasis.In modern medical research,the active ingredients of SMB have likewise been found to be used in treatments such as anti-fibrosis,anti-inflammatory,antithrombotic,antioxidant,microcirculatory improvement,and antineoplastic.In this review,a comprehensive search of the former literature on SMB and pulmonary fibers was conducted using databases including PubMed,CNKI,the National Science and Technology Library,Hindawi,Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database,and the Scientific Network Database.Meanwhile,this review presents the mechanisms of the active ingredients in SMB which have anti-pulmonary fibrosis effects through the signal pathways,cytokines,inflammation response,oxidative stress,apoptosis,and matrix metalloproteinases.SMB could offer a direction for therapy for pulmonary fibrosis by identifying the possible active components and exploring the potential mechanisms.Those could provide a reference for further research and application of SMB in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.

World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion;Electroacupuncture

World Federation of Acupuncture-Moxibustion Societies(WFAS)Technical Benchmark of Acupuncture and Moxibustion:Electroacupuncture,developed under the leadership of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,was approved by WFAS.This technical benchmark was issued on October 9,2023,and implemented on December 31,2023.The main contents include the scope,normative references,terms and definitions,acupuncture and moxibustion procedures and rules,and safety.This article focuses on the above contents.An outlook on the application,popularization,and update plan of this technical benchmark is proposed.

Wide-field auroral imager onboard the Fengyun satellite

The newly launched Fengyun-3D(FY-3D)satellite carried a wide-field auroral imager(WAI)that was developed by Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CIOMP),which will provide a large field of view(FOV),high spatial resolution,and broadband ultraviolet images of the aurora and the ionosphere by imaging the N2 LBH bands of emissions.The WAI consists of two identical cameras,each with an FOV of 68°in the along-track direction and 10°in the cross-track direction.The two cameras are tilted relative to each other to cover a fan-shaped field of size 130°×10°.Each camera consists of an unobstructed four-mirror anastigmatic optical system,a BaF2 filter,and a photon-counting imaging detector.The spatial resolution of WAI is ~10 km at the nadir point at a reference height of 110 km above the Earth’s surface.The sensitivity is>0.01 counts s^(−1) Rayleigh^(−1) pixel^(−1)(140-180 nm)for both cameras,which is sufficient for mapping the boundaries and the fine structures of the auroral oval during storms/substorms.Based on the tests and calibrations that were conducted prior to launch,the data processing algorithm includes photon signal decoding,geometric distortion correction,photometric correction,flatfield correction,line-of-sight projection and correction,and normalization between the two cameras.Preliminarily processed images are compared with DMSP SSUSI images.The agreement between the images that were captured by two instruments demonstrates that the WAI and the data processing algorithm operate normally and can provide high-quality scientific data for future studies on auroral dynamics.

Solar X-ray and EUV imager on board the FY-3E satellite

The solar X-ray and Extreme Ultraviolet Imager(X-EUVI),developed by the Changchun Institute of Optics,Fine Mechanics and Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(CIOMP),is the first space-based solar X-ray and Extreme ultraviolet(EUV)imager of China loaded on the Fengyun-3E(FY-3E)satellite supported by the China Meteorological Administration(CMA)for solar observation.Since started work on July 11,2021,X-EUVI has obtained many solar images.The instrument employs an innovative dual-band design to monitor a much larger temperature range on the Sun,which covers 0.6-8.0 nm in the X-ray region with six channels and 19.5 nm in the EUV region.X-EUVI has a field of view of 42′,an angular resolution of 2.5″per pixel in the EUV band and an angular resolution of 4.1″per pixel in the X-ray band.The instrument also includes an X-ray and EUV irradiance sensor(X-EUVS)with the same bands as its imaging optics,which measures the solar irradiance and regularly calibrates the solar images.The radiometric calibration of X-EUVS on the ground has been completed,with a calibration accuracy of 12%.X-EUVI is loaded on the FY-3E satellite and rotates relative to the Sun at a uniform rate.Flat-field calibration is conducted by utilizing successive rotation solar images.The agreement between preliminarily processed X-EUVI images and SDO/AIA and Hinode/XRT images indicates that X-EUVI and the data processing algorithm operate properly and that the data from X-EUVI can be applied to the space weather forecast system of CMA and scientific investigations on solar activity.

Influences of preparation techniques on glass-forming ability of Fe-P-B-Si-C amorphous alloys

It has been widely accepted that the ultrafast cooling rate is required for the glass formation of amorphous alloys. Here, the larger glass-forming ability （GFA） of Fe76P5（B0.5Si0.3C0.2）19 amorphous alloy was achieved by water quenching at lower cooling rate under argon atmosphere. Cylindrical rods with diameters of 1-2 mm were prepared by water quenching without flux treatment, Cu-mold injection casting, and Cu-mold suction casting, respectively. The influences of the preparation techniques with different cooling rates on GFA, thermal property, and nucleation/growth behavior were examined. The critical diameter of the Fe76P5（B0.5Si0.3C0.2）19 amorphous alloys is 1.7 mm for water quenching while smaller than 1.0 mm for injection casting. Microstructure analysis indicates that the crystallization and solidification processes are quite different between the water-quenched and the injection-cast rods. These findings could deepen fun-damental understanding on the relationship between the cooling rate, techniques, and GFA of Fe-based amorphous alloys.

Computational temporal ghost imaging based on complementary modulation

We report an experimental demonstration of temporal ghost imaging in which a digital micromirror device(DMD)and+1/-1 binary modulation have been combined to give an accurate reconstruction of a nonperiodic time object.Compared to the 0/1 modulation,the reconstruction signal can be improved greatly by+1/-1 binary modulation even with half of the measurements.Experimental results show that 0/1 binary temporal objects up to 4 kHz and sinusoidal time objects up to 1 kHz can be reconstructed by this method.The influences of modulation speed and array detector gray levels are also discussed.

Effects of W Addition on the Electrochemical Behaviour and Passive Film Properties of Fe-Based Amorphous Alloys in Acetic Acid Solution

The electrochemical behaviour and passive film properties of Fe-Cr-Mo-W-C-B-Y amorphous alloys in acetic acid solution were investigated. The potentiodynamic polarisation and Nyquist curves demonstrated that W addition signifi- cantly enhanced the corrosion resistance. Mott-Schottky plots and angle-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectra indicated that passive films with different W contents exhibited dipolar （p-n） semiconducting characteristics separated by fiat-band potentials. The outer and inner oxide layers of the passive films were modified by reducing the acceptor and donor densities. Moreover, W addition favoured the formation of a thicker and more stable passive film to inhibit the dissolution of alloy elements.

Preparation of pH-and reductive-responsive prodrug nanoparticles via polymerization-induced self-assembly

pH-and reductive-responsive prodrug nanoparticles are constructed via a highly efficient strategy, polymerization-induced selfassembly(PISA). First, reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer(RAFT) polymerization of 2-(diisopropylamino) ethyl methacrylate(DIPEMA) and camptothecin prodrug monomer(CPTM) using biocompatible poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl) methacrylamide)(PHPMA-CPDB) as the macro RAFT agent is carried out, forming prodrug diblock copolymer PHPMA-P(DIPEMA-co-CPTM). Then, simultaneous fulfillment of polymerization, self-assembly, and drug encapsulation are achieved via RAFT dispersion polymerization of benzyl methacrylate(Bz MA) using the PHPMA-P(DIPEMA-co-CPTM) as the macro RAFT agent. The prodrug nanoparticles have three layers, the biocompatible shell(PHPMA), the drug-conjugated middle layer(P(DIPEMA-co-CPTM)) and the PBz MA core, and relatively high concentration(250 mg/g). The prodrug nanoparticles can respond to two stimuli(reductive and acidic conditions). Due to reductive microenvironment of cytosol, the cleavage of the conjugated camptothecin(CPT) within the prodrug nanoparticles could be effectively triggered. p H-Induced hydrophobic/hydrophilic transition of the PDIPEMA chains results in faster diffusion of GSH into the CPTM units, thus accelerated release of CPT is observed in mild acidic and reductive conditions. Cell viability assays show that the prodrug nanoparticles exhibit well performance of intracellular drug delivery and good anticancer activity.

Rectification and phase locking of graphite

Rectification phenomena and the phase locking in a two-dimensional overdamped Frenkel-Kontorova model with a graphite periodic substrate were studied. The presence of dc and ac forces in the longitudinal direction causes the appearance of dynamicalmode locking and the steps in the response function of the system. On the other hand, the presence of an ac force in the transverse direction causes the appearance of rectification,even though there is no net dc force in the transverse direction. It is found that whereas the longitudinal velocity increases in a series of steps, rectification in the transverse direction can occur only between two neighbor steps. The amplitude and phase of the external ac driving force affect the depinning force,rectification of the system and particles trajectories.