Analyzing the potential mechanism of Buyang Huanwu decoction for the treatment of salt-sensitive hypertension based on network pharmacology and in vivo experiments

Background:Buyang Huanwu decoction(BHD)is a traditional Chinese medicine herbal formula used for treating hypertension,particularly in the later stages of hypertension when it is associated with intracerebral hemorrhage.This study aims to investigate the treatment mechanism of BHD to provide a basis for its clinical application in hypertension treatment.Methods:Network pharmacology analysis and cell culture experiments were performed to explore the potential proteins and mechanisms of action of BHD against hypertension.Bioactive compounds related to BHD were screened,and relevant targets associated with hypertension and BHD were retrieved.Molecular docking technology was used to identify the effective signaling pathway based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and protein-protein interaction network cores.Lastly,the effects and mechanisms of BHD on salt-sensitive hypertensive endothelial cells were investigated.Results:Ninety-three potential therapeutic targets for BHD and salt-sensitive hypertension were found to be closely associated with the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathway and oxidative stress.Cell experiments further indicated the pivotal role of endothelial cells in hypertension,and validation analysis showed that BHD significantly preserved cell morphology,suppressed oxidative stress reactions,activated the PI3K/Akt/eNOS signaling pathways,preserved normal endothelial cell function,and reduced cell apoptosis.Conclusion:BHD effectively activates the PI3K/Akt/VEGF signaling pathway,attenuates oxidative stress-induced injury in endothelial cells exposed to high salt levels,and mitigates apoptosis,supporting the use of traditional Chinese medicine BHD in the treatment of salt-sensitive hypertension.

Detection of D2-40 monoclonal antibody-labeled lymphatic vessel invasion in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its clinicopathologic significance

Objective： This study aims to investigate the clinicopathologic significance of lymphatic vessel invasion （LVI） labeled by D2-40 monoclonal antibody in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma （ESCC）. Methods： Immunohistochemical assay was used to detect the expression of D2-40 and LVI in 107 ESCC patients. Then, the correlation between the clinicopathologic feature and the overall survival time of the patients was analyzed. Results： The lymph node metastasis rates were 70% and 21% in the LVI-positive and LVI-negative groups, respectively. The nodal metastasis rate was higher in the LVI-positive group than in the LVI-negative group. Multivariate regression analysis showed that LVI was related to nodal metastasis （P〈0.001）. The median survival time of the patients was 26 and 43 months in the LVI-positive and LVI-negative groups, respectively. Mthough univariate regression analysis showed significant difference between the two groups （P=0.014）, multivariate regression analysis revealed that LVI was not an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in the ESCC patients （P=0.062）. Lymphatic node metastasis （P=0.031）, clinical stage （P=0.019）, and residual tumor （P=0.026） were the independent prognostic factors. Conclusion： LVI labeled by D2-40 monoclonal antibody is a risk factor predictive of lymph node metastasis in ESCC patients.

Effect of gravel on rock failure in glutenite reservoirs under different confining pressures

Due to the existence of gravel,glutenite is heterogeneous and different from fine-grained rocks such as sandstone and shale in structure.To fully understand the effect of gravel on failure mode in glutenite,we performed triaxial compression tests on different glutenites.The results indicate that failure modes of glutenite are complex due to the existence of gravel.Under different confining pressures,three failure modes were observed.The first failure mode,a tensile failure under uniaxial compression,produces multiple tortuous longitudinal cracks.In this failure mode,the interaction between gravels provides the lateral tensile stress for rock splitting.The second failure mode occurs under low and medium confining pressure and produces a crack band composed of micro-cracks around gravels.This failure mode conforms to the Mohr-Coulomb criterion and is generated by shear failure.In this failure mode,shear dilatancy and shear compaction may occur under different confining pressures to produce different crack band types.In the second failure mode,gravel-induced stress concentration produces masses of initial micro-cracks for shear cracking,and gravels deflect the fracture surfaces.As a result,the fracture is characterized by crack bands that are far broader than in fine-grained rocks.The third failure mode requires high confining pressure and produces disconnected cracks around gravels without apparent crack bands.In this failure mode,the gravel rarely breaks,indicating that the formation of these fractures is related to the deformation of the matrix.The third failure mode requires lower confining pressure in glutenite with weak cement and matrix support.Generally,unlike fine-grained rocks,the failure mode of glutenite is not only controlled by confining pressure but also by the gravel.The failure of glutenite is characterized by producing cracks around gravels.These cracks are produced by different mechanisms and distributed in different manners under different confining pressures to form different fracture patterns.Therefore,understanding the rock microstructure and formation stress state is essential in guiding glutenite reservoir development.

Gastroesophageal varices in a patient presenting with essential thrombocythemia:A case report

BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal varices are a rare complication of essential thrombocythemia(ET).ET is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm(MPN)characterized by an increased number of blood platelets.CASE SUMMARY A 46-year-old woman,who denied a history of liver disease,was admitted to our hospital on presentation of hematemesis.Laboratory examination revealed a hemoglobin level of 83 g/L,and a platelet count of 397×109/L.The appearance of gastric and esophageal varices with red colored signs as displayed by an urgent endoscopy was followed by endoscopic variceal ligation and endoscopic tissue adhesive.Abdominal computed tomography revealed cirrhosis,marked splenomegaly,portal vein thrombosis and portal hypertension.In addition,bone marrow biopsy and evidence of mutated Janus kinase 2,substantiated the onset of ET.The patient was asymptomatic with regular routine blood testing during the 6-mo follow-up period.Therefore,in this case,gastroesophageal varices were induced by ET.CONCLUSION MPN should be given considerable attention when performing differential diagnoses in patients with gastroesophageal varices.An integrated approach such as laboratory tests,radiological examination,and pathological biopsy,should be included to allow optimal decisions and management.

Acute pancreatitis as a rare complication of gastrointestinal endoscopy:A case report

BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis is an uncommon complication of gastrointestinal endoscopy,especially if the patient has none of the common risk factors associated with pancreatitis;such as alcoholism,gallstones,hypertriglyceridemia,hypercalcemia or the use of certain drugs.CASE SUMMARY A 56-year-old female patient developed abdominal pain immediately after the completion of an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.The pain was predominantly in the upper and middle abdomen and was persistent and severe.The patient was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis.Treatment included complete fasting,octreotide injection prepared in a prefilled syringe to inhibit pancreatic enzymes secretion,ulinastatin injection to inhibit pancreatic enzymes activity,esomeprazole for gastric acid suppression,fluid replacement and nutritional support.Over the next 3 d,the patient's symptoms improved.The patient remained hemodynamically stable throughout hospitalization and was discharged home in a clinically stable state.CONCLUSION Pancreatitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of abdominal pain after upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Techniques of microwave permeability characterization for thin films

We review the microwave methods to characterize the material properties, including the established and the emerging techniques in material characterization, especially the permeability spectra of the magnetic thin films.Almost all aspects of the microwave techniques for characterizing the permeability of thin films at microwave frequencies, including the new methods developed by our group, are presented.Firstly, the introduction part is presented.Secondly, the coaxial-line with transmission/reflection methods and the pickup coil with electromagnetic induction method are presented.Thirdly, the most widely used shorted microstrip technique is discussed in detail by the equivalent circuit method, transmission line method,and electromagnetic induction method.Fourthly, the coplanar waveguide method and the near-field probe method are also introduced.Finally, the high temperature permeability characterization by using the shorted microstrip line, the near-field microwave probe, and the shorted microstrip line probe are described in detail.This paper may be useful for researchers or engineers who will build up such measurement fixture to make full use of the existing methods or to develop original methods to meet the requirements for ever-rising measurements.

Spin transfer nano-oscillator based on synthetic antiferromagnetic skyrmion pair assisted by perpendicular fixed magnetic field

As a microwave generator, spin transfer nano-oscillator(STNO) based on skyrmion promises to become one of the next-generation spintronic devices. However, there still exist a few limitations to the practical applications. In this paper, we propose a new STNO based on synthetic antiferromagnetic(SAF) skyrmion pair assisted by a perpendicular fixed magnetic field. It is found that the oscillation frequency of this kind of STNO can reach up to 5.0 GHz, and the multiple oscillation peak with higher frequency can be realized under a fixed out-of-plane magnetic field. Further investigation shows that the skyrmion stability is improved by bilayer antiferromagnetic coupling, which guarantees the stability process of skyrmion under higher spin-polarized current density. Our results provide the alternative possibilities for designing new skyrmionbased STNO to further improve the oscillation frequency, and realize the output of multiple frequency microwave signal.

Theoretical derivation of the crystallographic parameters of polytypes of long-period stacking ordered structures with the period of 13 and 14 in hexagonal close-packed system

Based on crystallographic theory, there are 63 kinds of polytypes of 13H long-period stacking order （LPSO） structure, 126 kinds of polytypes of 14H LPSO structure, 120 kinds of polytypes of 39R LPSO structure, and 223 kinds of polytypes of 42R LPSO structure in a hexagonal close-packed （HCP） system, and their stacking sequences and space groups have been derived in detail. The result provides a theoretical explanation for the various polytypes of the LPSO structure.

Progress of research on tetrahydrocurcumin against liver injury

Liver injury has become a serious liver disease worldwide,and its incidence is increasing year by year,bringing a serious health burden to people in all countries.Tetrahydrocurcumin is an active metabolite of curcumin,which has pharmacological effects such as antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,inhibition of apoptosis,anti-tumor,and anti-aging,and it can inhibit apoptosis in liver cells under the state of hepatic injury and reduce the level of oxidative stress and inflammation in liver tissues through the signaling pathways such as MAPK,PI3K/Akt,PPAR,AMPK,and Nrf2 to prevent and control liver injury.The purpose of preventing and controlling liver injury can be achieved.The active structure,pharmacological effects and application of tetrahydrocurcumin in liver injury were summarized by reviewing domestic and international literature,with a view to providing reference for further research on tetrahydrocurcumin in the field of liver injury.

RIG-A New Management Information System for Railway Transportation

A grid technology together with data warehouse and mediator is used to develop the railway transport management information system （TMIS）, which is aiming at managing and publishing all kinds of enterprise resources among dynamic collections of such information systems with heterogeneous architectures and distributed in geography within Chinese Ministry of Railway. As one logical information integration framework and a uniform interface for accessing resources, a prototype named railway information grid （RIG） is proposed. Its main modules and the key technologies, together with its feasibility, are discussed in detail. RIG can not only provide the integral information service and the interoperability of information at the application level, but also bring us such benefits as： easy use, high efficiency, and reasonable total cost of ownership.

Research progress of Sini decoction in pharmacy, pharmacology and clinical application

Sini decoction originated from Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases(200-210 C.E.)in the Eastern Han Dynasty.It is a traditional and famous prescription in China.Its preparations mainly include Sini decoction,Sini decoction drop pills and Sini decoction suppositories.The main chemical components are diterpenoid alkaloids,gingerol,volatile oil,coumarin,polysaccharide,triterpene saponins,flavonoids,amino acids,and alkaloids.This product has a cardiovascular function,anti-shock,anti-diabetes complications,anti-tumor,anti-atherosclerosis,and effects on the nervous system.Modern clinical practice is widely used in cardiovascular,respiratory,digestive,neurological and gynecological diseases.This paper reviews the pharmaceutical research,pharmacological effects,safety evaluation and clinical application of Sini decoction,including the source and composition of Sini decoction,the origin and resource status of authentic medicinal materials of Sini decoction,the research on preparation form reform,chemical composition and quality control,to provide a reference for further research and clinical promotion of Sini decoction.

Edge-guided heart-shaped skyrmion

Magnetic skyrmion, which is a kind of swirl-like topological protected spin structure, shows great potential in the racetrack memory. So far, this progress is in obstacle by the skyrmion Hall effect which means that the direction of skyrmion motion will deviate from the driving direction.

Structure-guided protein design of fluoroacetate dehalogenase for kinetic resolution of rac-2-bromobutyric acid

R-2-Bromobutyric acid is a very important intermediate for the synthesis of agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals.Bioresolution of rac-2-bromobutyric acid(rac-2-BBA)provides a promising process for R-2-bromobutyric acid(R-2-BBA)production.The fluoroacetate dehalogenase(FAcD)has been always studied in the defluorination process.We found that FAcD RPA1163 showed detectable activity but no enantioselectivity towards rac-2-BBA.The iterative saturation mutagenesis(ISM)of FAcD RPA1163 resulted in a mutant H155V/W156R/Y219M,which catalyzed the kinetic resolution of rac-2-BBA to produce R-2-BBA with enhanced activity and enantioselectivity(99.3%ee).The high preference for S-2-bromobutyric acid(S-2-BBA)is of synthetic value.Molecular docking analysis indicated that the H155V/W156R/Y219M mutation reduced steric hindrance and broadened the halide pocket.It is not only the steric hindrance but also the electrostatic environment that has an effect on the activity and enantioselectivity.