芍药苷通过调控巨噬细胞活性抗幽门螺杆菌作用及其机制研究

背景幽门螺杆菌(Helicobacter pylori,H.pylori)容易造成胃炎、胃溃疡等胃部疾病,目前有很多杀灭H.pylori的药物,多以西药为主,不宜长期服用,且易复发.中药灭菌副作用小,但是作用机制并不完全清楚.目的分析芍药苷(paeoniflorin,PF)通过调控巨噬细胞活性抗H.pylori作用及相关机制.方法选取昆明小鼠6只,新西兰家兔4只,制备含PF血清,提取小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,含药血清作用于小鼠腹腔巨噬细胞,实验组加入5%含药血清,对照组加入无药血清,各组同时在加入H.pylori 11637,含药血清在作用6 h后收集细胞.ELISA法检测各组小鼠巨噬细胞的单核细胞趋化蛋白1(monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,MCP-1)、白介素1β(interleukin-1β,IL-1β)、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)含量,Western-Blot检测热休克蛋白70(heat shock protein 70,HSP70)、诱导型一氧化氮合酶(inducible nitric oxide synthase,iNOS)、Toll样受体2(toll-like receptor-2,TLR2)及Toll样受体4(toll-like receptor-4,TLR4)蛋白表达,荧光定量多聚合酶链式反应检测小鼠巨噬细胞HSP70 mRNA、TLR2 mRNA及TLR4 mRNA相对表达.结果对照组小鼠MCP-1、IL-1β及TNF-α含量较空白组升高,实验组小鼠MCP-1、IL-1β及TNF-α含量较对照组降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组巨噬细胞iNOS、TLR4及TLR2蛋白表达较空白组升高;实验组巨噬细胞iNOS、TLR4及TLR2蛋白表达较对照组降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组小鼠巨噬细胞TLR4、TLR2 mRNA相对表达量较空白组升高,实验组小鼠巨噬细胞TLR4、TLR2 mRNA相对表达量较对照组降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);对照组小鼠巨噬细胞HSP70 mRNA及蛋白表达较空白组升高,实验组小鼠巨噬细胞HSP70 mRNA及蛋白表达较对照组降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论芍药苷经过调节巨噬细胞活性起到抗H.pylori感染作用,可抑制巨噬细胞分泌炎症因子与HSP70应激因子,其抗炎作用可能和抑制巨噬细胞TLR2/4信号通路有关.

Electroacupuncture treatment improves motor function and neurological outcomes after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury

Electroacupuncture(EA)has been widely used for functional restoration after stroke.However,its role in post-stroke rehabilitation and the associated regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood.In this study,we applied EA to the Zusanli(ST36)and Quchi(LI11)acupoints in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion.We found that EA effectively increased the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor tyrosine kinase B,synapsin-1,postsynaptic dense protein 95,and microtubule-associated protein 2 in the ischemic penumbra of rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion.Moreover,EA greatly reduced the expression of myelin-related inhibitors Nogo-A and NgR in the ischemic penumbra.Tyrosine kinase B inhibitor ANA-12 weakened the therapeutic effects of EA.These findings suggest that EA can improve neurological function after middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion,possibly through regulating the activity of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor/tyrosine kinase B signal pathway.All procedures and experiments were approved by the Animal Research Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China(approval No.PZSHUTCM200110002)on January 10,2020.

Brain plasticity after peripheral nerve injury treatment with massage therapy based on resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging

Massage therapy is an alternative treatment for chronic pain that is potentially related to brain plasticity.However,the underlying mechanism remains unclear.We established a peripheral nerve injury model in rats by unilateral sciatic nerve transection and direct anastomosis.The experimental rats were treated over the gastrocnemius muscle of the affected hindlimb with a customized massage instrument(0.45 N,120 times/min,10 minutes daily,for 4 successive weeks).Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging revealed that compared with control rats,the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations in the sensorimotor cortex contralateral to the affected limb was significantly lower after sciatic nerve transection.However,amplitudes were significantly higher in the massage group than in a sham-massage group.These findings suggest that massage therapy facilitated adaptive change in the somatosensory cortex that led to the recovery of peripheral nerve injury and repair.This study was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China(approval No.201701001)on January 12,2017.

Periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics with platelet-rich fibrin in an adult patient with periodontal disease:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND In the clinical scenario,adult patients with periodontal diseases and dental malformation,characterized by dental crowding in lower anterior teeth with the thin biotype,often require orthodontic treatment.This case report aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of periodontally accelerated osteogenic orthodontics(PAOO)combined with autologous platelet-rich fibrin(PRF)in an adult patient with class I malocclusion along with dental crowding,a thin periodontal biotype,and buccal plate deficiency.CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old female complaining of dental crowding and gingival bleeding was referred to the orthodontic clinic.The patient underwent periodontal risk assessment prior to orthodontic treatment.She was diagnosed with a high risk of gingival recession due to dental crowding,root prominence,loss of buccal plates,and a thin gingival tissue biotype.The treatment regimen included PAOO combined with autologous PRF for alveolar augmentation and interproximal enamel reduction for moderate dental crowding.Clinically,PAOO-assisted orthodontic tooth movement in this case showed enhanced periodontium remodeling.Radiographic outcomes also showed statistically significant improvements(P<0.01)in the mandibular buccal alveolar bone.CONCLUSION This case report suggests the combination of autologous PRF with PAOO to enhance bone augmentation and long-term tissue support in adult orthodontic patients with periodontal disease.

Surface-based map plasticity of brain regions related to sensory motor and pain information processing after osteonecrosis of the femoral head

Pain is one of the manifestations of hip disorder and has been proven to lead to the remodeling of somatotopic map plasticity in the cortex.However,most studies are volume-based which may lead to inaccurate anatomical positioning of functional data.The methods that work on the cortical surface may be more sensitive than those using the full brain volume and thus be more suitable for map plasticity study.In this prospective cross-sectional study performed in Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,China,20 patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head(12 males and 8 females,aged 56.80±13.60 years)and 20 healthy controls(9 males and 11 females,aged 54.56±10.23 years)were included in this study.Data of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging were collected.The results revealed that compared with healthy controls,compared with the healthy controls,patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH)showed significantly increased surface-based regional homogeneity(Re Ho)in areas distributed mainly in the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex,frontal eye field,right frontal eye field,and the premotor cortex and decreased surface-based Re Ho in the right primary motor cortex and primary sensory cortex.Regions showing significant differences in surfacebased Re Ho values between the healthy controls and patients with ONFH were defined as the regions of interests.Seed-based functional connectivity was performed to investigate interregional functional synchronization.When the areas with decreased surface-based Re Ho in the frontal eye field and right premotor cortex were used as the regions of interest,compared with the healthy controls,the patients with ONFH displayed increased functional connectivity in the right middle frontal cortex and right inferior parietal cortex and decreased functional connectivity in the right precentral cortex and right middle occipital cortex.Compared with healthy controls,patients with ONFH showed significantly decreased cortical thickness in the para-insular area,posterior insular area,anterior superior temporal area,frontal eye field and supplementary motor cortex and reduced volume of subcortical gray matter nuclei in the right nucleus accumbens.These findings suggest that hip disorder patients showed cortical plasticity changes,mainly in sensorimotor-and pain-related regions.This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(approval No.2018-041)on August 1,2018.

内镜逆行胰胆管造影术后并发胰腺炎的相关因素分析与对策探讨

目的探讨内镜逆行胰胆管造影术(ERCP)后并发胰腺炎(PEP)的影响因素。方法回顾性分析2018年2月-2021年2月该院343例行ERCP患者的临床资料,根据是否发生胰腺炎分为PEP组(n=51)和非PEP组(n=292)。采用Logistic回归法分析发生PEP的相关危险因素,并提出预防对策。结果两组患者在性别、年龄<60岁、胆总管结石、胰腺炎病史、Oddi括约肌功能障碍、胰腺显影、行胰管括约肌切开术、行Oddi括约肌测压术、ERCP手术结局、插管困难和导丝多次进胰管等方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,胆总管结石、胰腺炎病史、Oddi括约肌功能障碍、胰腺显影、行胰管括约肌切开术、行Oddi括约肌测压术、ERCP手术失败、插管困难及导丝多次进胰管是PEP的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。结论胆总管结石、胰腺炎病史、Oddi括约肌功能障碍、胰腺显影、行胰管括约肌切开术、行Oddi括约肌测压术、ERCP手术失败、插管困难及导丝多次进胰管是PEP的独立危险因素。

Structural remodeling in related brain regions in patients with facial synkinesis

Facial synkinesis is a troublesome sequelae of facial nerve malfunction.It is difficult to recover from synkinesis,despite improved surgical techniques for isolating the peripheral facial nerve branches.Furthermore,it remains unclear whether long-term dysfunction of motor control can lead to irreversible plasticity-induced structural brain changes.This case-control study thus investigated the structural brain alterations associated with facial synkinesis.The study was conducted at Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,China.Twenty patients with facial synkinesis(2 male and 18 female,aged 33.35±6.97 years)and 19 healthy volunteers(2 male and 17 female,aged 33.21±6.75 years)underwent magnetic resonance imaging,and voxel-based and surface-based morphometry techniques were used to analyze data.There was no significant difference in brain volume between patients with facial synkinesis and healthy volunteers.Patients with facial synkinesis exhibited a significantly reduced cortical thickness in the contralateral superior and inferior temporal gyri and a reduced sulcal depth of the ipsilateral precuneus compared with healthy volunteers.In addition,sulcal depth of the ipsilateral precuneus was negatively correlated with the severity of depression.These findings suggest that there is a structural remodeling of gray matter in patients with facial synkinesis after facial nerve malfunction.This study was approved by the Ethics Review Committee of the Ninth People’s Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,China(approval No.2017-365-T267)on September 13,2017,and was registered with the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(registration number:ChiCTR1800014630)on January 25,2018.

Repair, protection and regeneration of peripheral nerve injury

Reading guide 1778Repair of long-segment peripheral nerve defects1779Bionic reconstruction of hand function after adult brachial plexus root avulsion1780Optimized design of regeneration material for the treatment of peripheral nerve injury1781Synergism of electroactive polymeric materials and electrical stimulation promotes peripheral nerve repair1783Schwann cell effect on peripheral nerve repair and regeneration .

Efficacy of image-enhanced endoscopy for colorectal adenoma detection:A multicenter,randomized trial

BACKGROUND Improved adenoma detection at colonoscopy has decreased the risk of developing colorectal cancer.However,whether image-enhanced endoscopy(IEE)further improves the adenoma detection rate(ADR)is controversial.AIM To compare IEE with white-light imaging(WLI)endoscopy for the detection and identification of colorectal adenoma.METHODS This was a multicenter,randomized,controlled trial.Participants were enrolled between September 2019 to April 2021 from 4 hospital in China.Patients were randomly assigned to an IEE group with WLI on entry and IEE on withdrawal(n=2113)or a WLI group with WLI on both entry and withdrawal(n=2098).The primary outcome was the ADR.The secondary endpoints were the polyp detection rate(PDR),adenomas per colonoscopy,adenomas per positive colonoscopy,and factors related to adenoma detection.RESULTS A total of 4211 patients(966 adenomas)were included in the analysis(mean age,56.7 years,47.1%male).There were 2113 patients(508 adenomas)in the IEE group and 2098 patients(458 adenomas)in the WLI group.The ADR in two group were not significantly different[24.0%vs 21.8%,1.10,95%confidence interval(CI):0.99-1.23,P=0.09].The PDR was higher with IEE group(41.7%)than with WLI group(36.1%,1.16,95%CI:1.07-1.25,P=0.01).Differences in mean withdrawal time(7.90±3.42 min vs 7.85±3.47 min,P=0.30)and adenomas per colonoscopy(0.33±0.68 vs 0.28±0.62,P=0.06)were not significant.Subgroup analysis found that with narrowband imaging(NBI),between-group differences in the ADR,were not significant(23.7%vs 21.8%,1.09,95%CI:0.97-1.22,P=0.15),but were greater with linked color imaging(30.9%vs 21.8%,1.42,95%CI:1.04-1.93,P=0.04).the second-generation NBI(2G-NBI)had an advantage of ADR than both WLI and the first-generation NBI(27.0%vs 21.8%,P=0.01;27.0%vs 21.2.0%,P=0.01).CONCLUSION This prospective study confirmed that,among Chinese,IEE didn’t increase the ADR compared with WLI,but 2G-NBI increase the ADR.

Supplementary motor area deactivation impacts the recovery of hand function from severe peripheral nerve injury

Although some patients have successful peripheral nerve regeneration,a poor recovery of hand function often occurs after peripheral nerve injury.It is believed that the capability of brain plasticity is crucial for the recovery of hand function.The supplementary motor area may play a key role in brain remodeling after peripheral nerve injury.In this study,we explored the activation mode of the supplementary motor area during a motor imagery task.We investigated the plasticity of the central nervous system after brachial plexus injury,using the motor imagery task.Results from functional magnetic resonance imaging showed that after brachial plexus injury,the motor imagery task for the affected limbs of the patients triggered no obvious activation of bilateral supplementary motor areas.This result indicates that it is difficult to excite the supplementary motor areas of brachial plexus injury patients during a motor imagery task,thereby impacting brain remodeling.Deactivation of the supplementary motor area is likely to be a serious problem for brachial plexus injury patients in terms of preparing,initiating and executing certain movements,which may be partly responsible for the unsatisfactory clinical recovery of hand function.

Expression and clinical significance of lncRNA SNHG3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective: To investigate the expression of lncRNA SNHG3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and to explore its clinical significance with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Methods: Mononuclear cells were collected from 120 patients with COPD and 110 normal controls. The expression of lncRNA SNHG3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells was detected by RT-PCR and the difference between COPD group and normal group, and the difference between mild, moderate, severe, extremely severe COPD and health volunteers was analyzed. Results: The relative expression of SNHG3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of COPD patients was 1.52 ± 0.52, which was lower than that of the normal control group (2.51 ± 0.59) (P < 0.001). The relative expression of SNHG3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of mild COPD was 2.16 ± 0.23, which was higher than that of moderate group (1.55 ± 0.10) (P < 0.001), severe group 1.19 ± 0.11 (P< 0.001), and extremely severe group 0.89 ± 0.06(P < 0.001). In addition, lncRNA SNHG3 can bind to miR-186 and regulate its expression. Conclusions: The expression of lncRNA SNHG3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of COPD patients may be a risk factor for COPD and an indicator of the severity of COPD patients. The lncRNA SNHG3/miR-186 regulatory network may play an important role in the development of COPD.