To explore the mechanism of Yigong San anti-gastric cancer and immune regulation

BACKGROUND Yigong San(YGS)is a representative prescription for the treatment of digestive disorders,which has been used in clinic for more than 1000 years.However,the mechanism of its anti-gastric cancer and regulate immunity are still remains unclear.AIM To explore the mechanism of YGS anti-gastric cancer and immune regulation.METHODS Firstly,collect the active ingredients and targets of YGS,and the differentially expressed genes of gastric cancer.Secondly,constructed a protein-protein interaction network between the targets of drugs and diseases,and screened hub genes.Then the clinical relevance,mutation and repair,tumor microenvironment and drug sensitivity of the hub gene were analyzed.Finally,molecular docking was used to verify the binding ability of YGS active ingredient and hub genes.RESULTS Firstly,obtained 55 common targets of gastric cancer and YGS.The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes screened the microtubule-associated protein kinase signaling axis as the key pathway and IL6,EGFR,MMP2,MMP9 and TGFB1 as the hub genes.The 5 hub genes were involved in gastric carcinogenesis,staging,typing and prognosis,and their mutations promote gastric cancer progression.Finally,molecular docking results confirmed that the components of YGS can effectively bind to therapeutic targets.CONCLUSION YGS has the effect of anti-gastric cancer and immune regulation.

Mechanism of pachymic acid in the treatment of gastric cancer based on network pharmacology and experimental verification

BACKGROUND Pachymic acid(PA)is derived from Poria cocos.PA has a variety of pharmacological and inhibitory effects on various tumors.However,the mechanism of action of PA in gastric cancer(GC)remains unclear.AIM To investigate the mechanism of PA in treating GC via the combination of network pharmacology and experimental verification.METHODS The GeneCards and OMIM databases were used to derive the GC targets,while the Pharm Mapper database provided the PA targets.Utilizing the STRING database,a protein-protein interaction network was constructed and core targets were screened.The analyses of Gene Ontology,Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG),and gene set enrichment analysis were conducted,and molecular docking and clinical correlation analyses were performed on the core targets.Ultimately,the network pharmacology findings were validated through in vitro cell assays,encompassing assessments of cell viability,apoptosis,cell cycle,cloning,and western blot analysis.RESULTS According to network pharmacology analysis,the core targets were screened,and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway is likely to be the mechanism by which PA effectively treats GC,according to KEGG enrichment analysis.The experimental findings showed that PA could control PI3K/AKT signaling to prevent GC cell proliferation,induce apoptosis,and pause the cell cycle.CONCLUSION Network pharmacology demonstrated that PA could treat GC by controlling a variety of signaling pathways and acting on a variety of targets.This has also been supported by in vitro cell studies,which serve as benchmarks for further research.

Prognositic factors and clinicopathologic characteristics of small gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the stomach:a retrospective analysis of 31 cases in one center

Objective： To analyze the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognostic factors of small gastrointestinal stromal tumor （GIST） of the stomach. Methods： A total of 31 small gastric GIST patients, including 10 males and 21 females, with a median age of 58 years （37- 81 years）, who underwent surgery at any time from 1999 to 2012 were included in this study. The clinical records of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results： Abdominal discomfort and pain （10 cases, 32.3%, respectively） were the two most common complaints among the patients. All patients received surgery, 11 received gastric wedge resection, 11 received subtotal gastrectom）5 5 received laparoscopic gastric wedge resection, and 4 received endoscopic submucosal dissection. No severe adverse complication was observed. A total of 29 patients （93.5%） were followed up. During the follow-up, 2 patients were found to exhibit tumor recurrence, and 1 patient had liver metastases. One patient died of tumor progressionwhile another died of another malignant tumor. Median progression free survival （PFS） time was 120.3 months, and median overall survival （OS） time was 130.4 months. Conclusion： Small gastric GIST has better prognosis. Surgery is the best choice for therapy. Micro-invasive procedures are safe and effective for elective patients. Tumor necrosis, tumor bleeding, and muscle invasion are potential prognostic factors of small gastric GIST.

Ab initio Study of Anharmonic Force Field and Spectroscopic Constants for Germanium Dichloride

Ab initio study of the equilibrium structure, spectroscopy constants, and anharmonic force field for several isotopomers of germanium dichloride （70GeCl2, 72GECl2, and 76GeCl2） have been carried out at the MP2 and CCSD（T） levels of theory using cc-pVTZ basis set. The cal- culated geometries, rotational constants, vibration-rotation interaction constants, harmonic frequencies, anharmonic constants, quartic and sextic centrifugal distortion constants, cubic and quartic force constants are compared with experimental data. For small mass differences of the Ge isotopes, the isotopic effects for germanium dichloride are much weaker. The agreements are satisfactory for these two methods, but the deviations of CCSD（T） results are slightly larger than that of MP2, because of CCSD（T）＇s inadequate treatment of electron correlation in hypervalent Cl atom.

α-Glucosidase inhibitive diarylheptanoids from Ottelia acuminata var.acuminata,a traditional vegetable of Bai Nationality in Yunnan

Diabetes is an urgent health issue characterized by ethnic and regional variations,and is inseparable from the differ-ent dietary habits.It is worthy to note that the incidence of diabetes in Bai nationality has been reported to be much lower than Han in China.As a daily vegetable of Bai,the phytochemical and antidiabetic study of Ottelia acuminata var.acuminata had not been carried out.In this study,41 metabolites with diverse diarylheptanoid(six new ones,Otteacumienes A-F),flavone,sesquiterpenoid,coumarin,lignan,polyacetylene,and alkaloid skeletons were charac-terized from O.acuminata var.acuminata.Among them,the racemic nature of 3 was characterized by chiral resolution and calculated ECD methods.The biological study revealed diarylheptanoids showed significantα-glucosidase inhibi-tory activities with 5 as the most effective one(60-fold stronger than acarbose).Molecular docking studies indicated that these structures have different binding cavities with acarbose.This study demonstrated that O.acuminata var.acuminata might correlated with the low incidence diabetes of Bai and the diarylheptanoids may have potential therapeutic value for diabetes mellitus.

Isoprenylated Flavonoids as Cav3.1 Low Voltage-Gated Ca^(2+)Channel Inhibitors from Salvia digitaloides

Saldigones A-C(1,3,4),three new isoprenylated flavonoids with diverse flavanone,pterocarpan,and isoflavanone architec-tures,were characterized from the roots of Salvia digitaloides,together with a known isoprenylated flavanone(2).Notably,it’s the first report of isoprenylated flavonoids from Salvia species.The structures of these isolates were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis.All of the compounds were evaluated for their activities on Cav3.1 low voltage-gated Ca^(2+)channel(LVGCC),of which 2 strongly and dose-dependently inhibited Cav3.1 peak current.

Correction to:Isoprenylated Flavonoids as Cav3.1 Low Voltage-Gated Ca^(2+)Channel Inhibitors from Salvia digitaloides

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Magnetocaloric effect and phase transition critical behavior of La_(0.75)Sr_(0.25)Mn_(0.9)Co_(0.1)O_(3) compound synthesized under the high pressure

In this study,a novel method is proposed for producing perovskite rare-earth manganese oxide magnetic refrigeration materials that exhibit superior properties compared to similar materials.The maximum magnetic entropy change values for this sample are 1.44 and 3.75 J·kg-1·K^(-1)for magnetic fields of 2 and 7 T,respectively.Additionally,its relative cooling power has been calculated to be 101.96 and 404.78 J·kg^(-1),indicating good performance.Both results were obtained using the sample synthesized under a pressure of 4 GPa,and the sample has undergone a second phase transition.The critical behavior of the sample fits well with the mean field model.For different magnetic fields,there is a significant overlap between the values of the maximum magnetic entropy change and the temperature-averaged entropy change,indicating that the refrigeration performance of the sample after high pressure can approach its maximum capability.

Evaluation of Eight Different Clinical Staging Systems Associated with Overall Survival of Chinese Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Background： Hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） is a common cancer in China, an area of high hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection. Although several staging systems are available, there is no consensus on the best classification to use because multiple factors, such as etiology, clinical treatment and populations could affect the survival of HCC patients. Methods： This study analyzed 743 HBV-related Chinese HCC patients who received surgery first and evaluated the predictive values of eight different commonly used staging systems in the clinic. Results： The overall 1-, 3-, 5-year survival rates and a median survival were 91.5%, 70.3%, 55.3% and 72 months respectively. Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer （BCLC） staging systems had the best stratification ability and showed the lowest Akaike information criterion （AIC） values （2896.577）, followed by tumor-node-metastasis Th （TNM 7^th） （AIC = 2899.980）, TNM 6th （AIC = 2902.17）, Japan integrated staging score （A1C = 2918.085）, Tokyo （AIC = 2938.822）, Cancer of the Liver Italian Program score （AIC = 2941.950）, Chinese University Prognostic Index grade （AIC = 2962.027）, and Okuda （AIC = 2979.389）. Conclusions： BCLC staging system is a better staging model for HBV infection patients with HCC in Chinese population among the eight currently used staging systems. These identifications afford a large group of Chinese HCC patients with HBV infection and could be helpful to design a new staging system for a certain population.

Excision Repair Cross-complementation Group 1 is a Prognostic Biomarker in Patients with Colorectal Cancer Receiving Chemotherapy

Background：Conflicting results about the association between expression level of excision repair cross-complementation group 1 （ERCC1） and clinical outcome in patients with colorectal cancer （CRC） receiving chemotherapy have been reported.Thus,we searched the available articles and performed the meta-analysis to elucidate the prognostic role of ERCC1 expression in patients with CRC.Methods：A thorough literature search using PubMed （Medline）,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science databases,and Chinese Science Citation Database was conducted to obtain the relevant studies.Pooled hazard ratios （HRs） or odds ratios （ORs） with 95% confidence intervals （CIs） were calculated to estimate the results.Results：A total of 11 studies were finally enrolled in this meta-analysis.Compared with patients with lower ERCC1 expression,patients with higher ERCC1 expression tended to have unfavorable overall survival （OS） （HR =2.325,95% CI：1.720-3.143,P 〈 0.001）,progression-free survival （PFS） （HR =1.917,95% CI：1.366-2.691,P 〈 0.001） and poor response to chemotherapy （OR =0.491,95% CI：0.243-0.990,P =0.047）.Subgroup analyses by treatment setting,ethnicity,HR extraction,detection methods,survival analysis,and study design demonstrated that our results were robust.Conclusions：ERCC1 expression may be taken as an effective prognostic factor predicting the response to chemotherapy,OS,and PFS.Further studies with better study design and longer follow-up are warranted in order to gain a deeper understanding of ERCC 1＇s prognostic value.

Prognostic Analysis of 102 Patients with Synchronous Colorectal Cancer and Liver Metastases Treated with Simultaneous Resection

Background： The liver is the most common site for colorectal cancer （CRC） metastases. Their removal is a critical and challenging aspect of CRC treatment. We investigated the prognosis and risk factors of patients with CRC and liver metastases （CRCLM） who underwent simultaneous resections for both lesions. Methods： From January 2009 to August 2016, 102 patients with CRCLM received simultaneous resections of CRCLM at our hospital. We retrospectively analyzed their clinical data and analyzed their outcomes. Overall survival （OS） and disease-free survival （DFS） were examined by Kaplan-Meier and log-rank methods. Results： Median follow-up time was 22.7 months： no perioperative death or serious complications were observed. Median OS was 55.5 months： postoperative OS rates were l-year： 93.8%, 3-year： 60.7%, and 5-year： 46.4%. Median DFS was 9.0 months; postoperative DFS rates were l-year： 43.1%, 3-year： 23.0%, and 5-year 21.1%. Independent risk factors found in multivariate analysis included carcinoembryonic antigen 〉100 ng/ml, no adjuvant chemotherapy, tumor thrombus in liver metastases, and bilobar liver metastases for OS; age 〉60 years, no adjuvant chenlotherapy, multiple metastases, and largest diameter ≥3 cm for DFS. Conclusions： Simultaneous surgical resection is a safe and effective treatment for patients with synchronous CRC LM. The main prognostic factors are pathological characteristics of liver metastases and whether standard adjuvant chemotherapy is performed.