Current perspectives on mesenchymal stem cells as a potential therapeutic strategy for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)has emerged as a significant health challenge,characterized by its widespread prevalence,intricate natural progression and multifaceted pathogenesis.Although NAFLD initially presents as benign fat accumulation,it may progress to steatosis,non-alcoholic steatohepatitis,cirrhosis,and hepatocellular carcinoma.Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)are recognized for their intrinsic self-renewal,superior biocompatibility,and minimal immunogenicity,positioning them as a therapeutic innovation for liver diseases.Therefore,this review aims to elucidate the potential roles of MSCs in alleviating the progression of NAFLD by alteration of underlying molecular pathways,including glycolipid metabolism,inflammation,oxidative stress,endoplasmic reticulum stress,and fibrosis.The insights are expected to provide further understanding of the potential of MSCs in NAFLD therapeutics,and support the development of MSC-based therapy in the treatment of NAFLD.

Efficacy of spray flushing in the reprocessing of flexible endoscopes:A randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND Commonly used cleaning brushes in the reprocessing of flexible endoscopes often cause damage within the working channels.AIM To develop a spray flushing system to achieving effective cleaning of the working channels while minimizing damage.METHODS This prospective study included 60 used endoscopes and 60 Teflon tubes randomly divided into a control group(n=30)and an experimental group(n=30).The material of Teflon tubes was the same as that of the endoscope working channel.Endoscopes in the control group were manually cleaned using traditional cleaning brushes,while those in the experimental group were cleaned using the newly developed spray flushing system.ATP levels,cleanliness,and microbiological testing of the working channels were measured.Additionally,Teflon tubes in the control group underwent 500 passes with a cleaning brush,while those in the experimental group were subjected to the spray flushing system,and channel damage was evaluated.RESULTS The ATP levels(RLU)in the two groups were 32.5(13-66)and 26(16-40),respectively(P>0.05).Cleanliness scores were 1.5(1-2)and 1(1-2),respectively(P>0.05).Debris was found in 73.3%of the control group,which was significantly higher than 46.7%in the experimental group(P<0.05).Microbiological tests for both groups yielded negative results.Teflon tube damage in the control group was rated at 4(4-5.25),which was significantly higher than in the experimental group 4(3-4)(P<0.01).CONCLUSION The spray flushing system demonstrated superior efficacy in removing debris and resulted in less damage to the endoscope working channels compared with traditional cleaning brushes.

基于视觉原理的轴承法兰几何参数测量方法研究

针对目前轴承法兰尺寸高精度、高效率的测量需求,提出了基于视觉原理轴承法兰几何参数测量方法。采用中值滤波消除了图像的噪声干扰,采用直方图均衡化方法降低了光照不均对图像的影响。提出了模板匹配与仿射变换相结合的改进卡尺工具法来检测获得图像最佳轮廓边缘点。该方法无需手动选取待测零件图像范围,通过仿射变换将要检测的零件图像自动平移、旋转至模板图像标准位置,再采用卡尺工具法得到待测零件图像轮廓。实验结果表明:该方法相比传统卡尺工具法运行时间缩短了约4 s,相对误差均值在0.15%以内。可满足高精度、高效率的自动化测量需求。

基于视觉原理的链轮尺寸测量方法研究

针对现有的链轮端面几何参数测量方法存在效率及测量精度低等问题,提出一种基于视觉原理的链轮端面几何参数测量方法。首先,利用Zernike矩的亚像素边缘检测提取链轮内外轮廓,对内轮廓采用Hough变换获得中心点坐标与中心孔半径;其次,在外轮廓作一辅助圆,通过像素点序列计数算法得到齿数;然后,根据链轮齿廓的形状特征,提出一种改进的局部半径域算法提取每段齿廓的齿顶、齿根点,再通过最小二乘法拟合像素点得到齿顶圆、齿根圆直径;最后,采用最小二乘法拟合链轮键槽边缘直线得到键槽尺寸。对2种不同规格的链轮分别进行10次重复性测量。实验结果表明,链轮端面几何参数的测量误差均小于40μm,相对误差均在0.4%之内,能满足高精度的自动测量需求。

Understanding and addressing the challenges of online gambling addiction in China's Mainland

Introduction Gambling in China has a long and evolving history,from ancient court cockfighting to preliberation casinos with games like baccarat.1 Over time,gambling in China has evolved to include a wide range of activities,including gaming machines,online gambling and commercial gambling.Despite being declared illegal and regulated after the establishment of the People’s Republic of China,gambling remains deeply ingrained in Chinese culture.

Effect of vinegar supplementation on patients with esophageal lesions lightly stained with Lugol’s iodine solution:Prospective single-centre trial

BACKGROUND Esophageal chromoendoscopy with iodine solution is important for detecting early esophageal cancer.The effect of routine treatment for lesions lightly stained with Lugol’s iodine solution is limited,and the addition of natural substances to a regular diet is becoming increasingly common.Vinegar has antitumor effects as reported in previous studies.AIM To evaluate whether vinegar supplementation could improve the prognosis of patients with lightly stained esophageal lesions.METHODSThis prospective single-centre trial included consecutive patients with lightly stained lesions between June 2020 and April 2022.Patients in the experimental group received increased amounts of vinegar for 6 months.The primary outcome of the study was the clinical therapeutic effect.Complications related to vinegar ingestion and adverse events were also recorded in detail.RESULTS A total of 166 patients were included in the final analysis.There was no significant difference in the baseline data between the two groups.Intention-to-treat(ITT)analysis demonstrated that the rates at which endoscopic characteristics improved were 33.72%in the experimental group and 20.00%in the conventional group(P=0.007);and the rates at which biopsy pathology improved were 19.77%and 8.75%,respectively(P=0.011).Additional vinegar consumption had a statistically protective effect on the rate at which endoscopic characteristics improved[hazard ratio(HR)_(ITT)=2.183,95%CI:1.183-4.028;HR_(per-protocol(PP))=2.307,95%CI:1.202-4.426]and biopsy pathology improved(HR_(ITT)=2.931,95%CI:1.212-7.089;HR_(PP)=3.320,95%CI:1.295-8.507).No statistically significant effect of increased vinegar consumption on preventing high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia or early cancer was observed(HR_(ITT)=0.382,95%CI:0.079-1.846;HRPP=0.382,95%CI:0.079-1.846).The subgroup analyses indicated that the overall therapeutic improvement of endoscopic characteristics and biopsy pathology seemed more obvious in older(age>60)male patients with small lesions(lesion size≤0.5 cm).Three patients in the experimental group reported acid regurgitation and heartburn.No adverse event during gastroscopy were recorded during follow-up.CONCLUSION A moderately increased ingestion of vinegar could not directly reduce the risk of esophageal cancer in the mucosa dysplasia population,but it improved the endoscopic characteristics and ameliorated the biopsy pathology to a certain extent.Further research is needed to verify the effect of nutritional intervention on precancerous esophageal lesions.

精密机械设计实验教学改革

分析了精密机械设计实验教学环节中存在的问题,运用现代化教学手段和管理方法,基于虚拟仿真技术实验教学方式,重构“多层次、系统化”实验教学体系,完善学生考评制度等,更好地为高校课程教学和人才培养服务。

地方本科院校双师型师资队伍建设研究

针对地方本科院校在建设双师型师资队伍过程中存在的内涵认识不清晰、队伍结构失衡、长效培训机制不健全等问题进行了剖析,并从评定标准、结构配置、职业培训3个方面提出改进建议。

Aberrant expression of BDNF might serve as a candidate target for cocaine- induced psychosis: insights from bioinformatics analysis and microarray validation

Background Cocaine use disorder(CUD)and associated psychosis are major public health issues worldwide,along with high relapse outcome and limited treatment options.Exploring the molecular mechanisms underlying cocaine-induced psychosis(CIP)could supply integrated insights for understanding the pathogenic mechanism and potential novel therapeutic targets.Aims The aim of the study was to explore common alterations of CUD-schizophrenia target genes and identify core risk genes contributing to CIP through data mining and network pharmacology approach.Methods Target genes of CUD were obtained from GeneCards,Comparative Toxicogenomics Database,Swiss Target Prediction platform and PubChem.Schizophrenia-related target genes were derived from DisGeNET,GeneCards,MalaCards and Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man databases.Then,the overlap genes of these two sets were regarded as risk genes contributing to CIP.Based on these CUD-schizophrenia target genes,functional annotation and pathway analysis were performed using the clusterProfiler package in R.Protein-protein interaction network construction and module detection were performed based on the Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes(STRING)database and Cytoscape software.Gene expression datasets GSE54839 and GSE93577 were applied for data validation and diagnostic capacity evaluation of interested hub genes.Results A total of 165 CUD-schizophrenia target genes were obtained.These genes were mainly contributing to chemical synaptic transmission,neuropeptide hormone activity,postsynaptic membrane and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway.Network analysis and validation analysis indicated that BDNF might serve as an important risk gene in mediating CIP.Conclusions This study generates a holistic view of CIP and provides a basis for the identification of potential CUD-schizophrenia target genes involved in the development of CIP.The abnormal expression of BDNF would be a candidate therapeutic target underlying the pathogenesis of CUD and associated CIP.

Management of an endoscopy center during the outbreak of COVID-19:Experience from West China Hospital

Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),various measures have been taken to protect against the infection.As droplet and contact transmission are the main routes of COVID-19 infection,endoscopy centers are considered to be high-risk areas for exposure to COVID-19.We have undertaken several countermeasures in our endoscopic center during the pandemic,and have gained significant experience in terms of prevention and control of COVID-19.We here present our experience and strategies adopted for preventing hospital infection in our endoscopy center during the COVID-19 pandemic.We describe our management of the environment,endoscope,patients,and medical staff,and our self-made masks.

Expert consensus on the prevention and treatment of substance use and addictive behaviour-related disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic

In early 2020,the COVID-19 outbreak complicated the diagnosis,treatm ent and rehabilitation of patients with substance use disorders and increased the risks of substance abuse and addictive behaviours,such as online gaming disorders,in the general public.Substance use disorder is a chronic recurrent brain disease characterised by strong cravings,high recurrence rates,and a high proportion of comorbidity of mental and physical disorders.1 Therefore,regular long-term therapeutic interventions are critical to preventing dm g relapses while maintaining withdrawal.

Euphoric effect induced by zolpidem:a case study of magnetoencephalography

Initially,zolpidem,a non-benzodiazepine hypnotic agent,was considered to have fewer adverse reactions than traditional benzodiazepines.However,after zolpidem was approved for medical use,an increasing number of case reports have described abuse or dependence complications.We were especially interested in the cases of dependence that presented a paradoxical‘euphoric’effect of zolpidem.This article reports the case of a female zolpidem-dependent patient who presented with 6 years of daily use of 400-1400 mg of zolpidem.She reported subjective effects of euphoria,intense craving and the inability to stop drug ingestion.Her diagnoses were zolpidem dependence and a depressive episode induced by substance abuse.To explore the neural mechanisms of the euphoric effect caused by high-dose zolpidem,we performed repeated magnetoencephalography(MEG)recordings.Before undergoing detoxification,her MEG results indicated that cerebellar electrical signal activation increased when taking high zolpidem doses.However,the prefrontal and parietal lobes’electrical signal activity showed a tendency to recover to a normal state as the withdrawal time progressed to completion.This case suggests that the cerebellum plays a role in the euphoria induced by high zolpidem doses and provides clues for further research.

基于公理设计的人机协作数字孪生建模技术

人本智造是未来智能制造发展的重要方向,安全可信的人机协作是实现人本智造的基础。数字孪生所强调的以虚映实和以虚控实的思想与以人为核心的人机协作需求相匹配,为面向人本智造的人机协作新范式转变提供了新思路。目前欠缺关于人机协作数字孪生模型建模方法的研究,以满足数字孪生技术在人机协作领域中的应用需求。提出面向人机协作智造的数字孪生建模技术,从机器人模型和协作人员模型两方面展开人机协作模型建模机理分析。首先分析了机器人模型和协作人员模型具备的特征,在此基础上提出机器人模型和协作人员模型的基本组成结构,为人机协作数字孪生模型构建提供理论支持;建立了基于公理化设计理论的人机协作模型构建框架,提出了人机协作数字孪生模型的建模步骤;最后,以人机协作抓取数字孪生模型的构建过程为例,详细介绍了模型的构建过程,验证了所提方法的可行性。

多传感器数据融合室内定位方法

研究了基于超宽带技术(ultra wide band,UWB)定位和视觉定位的多传感器融合室内定位方法,设计了UWB定位单元软硬件平台,调用修改了基于MMTracking的视觉定位方法,实现了两种室内定位技术,构建了基于贝叶斯估计的双传感器数据融合模型。实验结果表明,该方法具有较好的定位效果,提高了室内定位的测量精度和稳定性。

基于视觉原理的直槽丝锥径向几何参数测量方法研究

针对目前丝锥测量方法测量参数单一、需人工操作的问题,提出了一种基于视觉原理的直槽丝锥径向综合多参数自动测量方法。通过预处理得到丝锥极坐标下的径向轮廓图。对端面刃背到几何中心的最大、最小极径像素拟合圆,得到端部和芯部直径。通过拟合特征曲线,得到两对直线方程,利用夹角公式得到前角和后角值。计算刃背首末像素点间距离得到刃背宽度值。将刃背首末像素极径差值作为铲背量。实验结果表明:对M10丝锥进行10次重复性测量,上述几何参数的测量相对误差均在0.58%之内,平均耗时7 s,能满足高精度、高效率、多参数自动测量的工程需求。

精准的动态化零配件管理系统设计

现阶段,市场竞争随着用工成本的增长日益激烈,企业均向着提升作业效率、降低成本的方向进行转型。其中,零配件管理就是当中极其重要的一个环节。针对传统零配件管理系统,人力成本高、分拣效率低、零配件管理困难、实时性差等问题,本文设计了一种精准的动态化零配件管理系统,可实现自动生成入库、出库表,快速查询实时库存,智能库存预警等功能。系统使物料管理高效合理,能有效提高企业生产效率,降低生产成本,提高企业竞争力。

Smart heat isolator with hollow multishelled structures

Safe, green and efficient industrial production has always been the pursuit of the chemical industry. Since thermal energy is the driving force for most of chemical reactions, an ideal reaction tank would have the capacity to automatically regulate heat conduction rate. In detail, this reaction tank should endow an ability that resists the heat loss when the reaction temperature is lower than the target, while accelerating the heat dissipation when the system is overheated. In this case, this smart reactor can not only minimize energy consumption but also reduce safety risks.Hollow structures are known to reduce heat conductivity. Particularly, the hollow structure with multishells can provide more interfaces and thus further inhibit heat transmission, which would be more favorable for heat isolation. Step forward, by coupling HoMSs with temperature-sensitive polymer, a smart heat isolation material has been fabricated in this work. It performs as a good heat isolator at a relatively lower temperature. A heat insulation effect of 6.5℃ can be achieved for the TSPU/3S–TiO_(2)HoMSs with a thickness of 1 mm under the temperature field of 50℃.The thermal conductivity of composite material would be raised under overheating conditions. Furthermore, this composite displays an unusual two-stage phase transformation during heating. Benefiting from the unique multishelled structure, energy is found to be gradually guided into the hollow structure and stored inside. This localized heat accumulation enables the composite to be a potential coating material for intelligent thermal-regulator and site-defined micro-reactor.

基于视觉原理的直槽丝锥轴向几何参数测量方法研究

针对目前丝锥测量方法存在自动化程度低和检测时间长的缺点,提出基于视觉原理的直槽丝锥轴向几何参数测量方法。利用Harris角点检测算法获得丝锥关键尺寸图像区域,再使用区域生长法、改进Canny算法和边缘跟踪算法提取丝锥边缘信息;经过牙侧线上一点作一直线垂直于牙侧线,使该点在垂线方向上到相邻牙型角的角平分线距离相等,运用三角形相似法确定牙侧线上的中径点,采用最小二乘法拟合上下牙型中径线,从而测得中径;求出对应牙顶和牙底像素点拟合直线的距离并获得大小径值;用拟合直线测量夹角获得牙型角和切削锥角,将对应牙侧线中径点的距离求均值后获得螺距。实验结果表明:对M14丝锥重复测量10次,上述几何参数的测量相对误差均在0.43%之内,能满足高精度、高效率以及自动测量的工程需求。

Protocol for the development of clinical guidelines for the management of chronic primary pain

Introduction Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage.In 2018,the World Health Organization(WHO)revised the International Classification of Diseases,11th Revision(ICD-11)to include chronic pain as an independent disease for the first time(MG30.0).1 At the same time,the ICD-11 also developed new classifications for chronic pain,including chronic primary pain(CPP),chronic cancer-related pain,chronic post-surgical or post-traumatic pain,chronic secondary musculoskeletal pain,chronic secondary visceral pain.

Cooperation between China and Iran in addiction medicine: opportunities, challenges and strategies

INTRODUCTION Addiction is a major global risk factor for disability and premature death'and has become a public health and social problem worldwide.Despite substantial investments from governments and research institutionsglobally,current addictionmedicine research remains centred in Western countries.However,theories,models and results from western-centric research may not be applicable to different cultures.Non-Western countries such as China and Iran,and Western countries are committed to establishing addiction prevention and treatment tailored to their unique histories and cultures.To foster a global addiction science,it is important to increase the diversity of evidence without preconceived biases.