Verification and Application Evaluation of Intelligent Audit Rules for The UN9000 Urine Analysis System

Objective:To apply and verify the application of intelligent audit rules for urine analysis by Cui et al.Method:A total of 1139 urine samples of hospitalized patients in Tai’an Central Hospital from September 2021 to November 2021 were randomly selected,and all samples were manually microscopic examined after the detection of the UN9000 urine analysis line.The intelligent audit rules(including the microscopic review rules and manual verification rules)were validated based on the manual microscopic examination and manual audit,and the rules were adjusted to apply to our laboratory.The laboratory turnaround time(TAT)before and after the application of intelligent audit rules was compared.Result:The microscopic review rate of intelligent rules was 25.63%(292/1139),the true positive rate,false positive rate,true negative rate,and false negative rate were 27.66%(315/1139),6.49%(74/1139),62.34%(710/1139)and 3.51%(40/1139),respectively.The approval consistency rate of manual verification rules was 84.92%(727/856),the approval inconsistency rate was 0%(0/856),the interception consistency rate was 12.61%(108/856),and the interception inconsistency rate was 0%(0/856).Conclusion:The intelligence audit rules for urine analysis by Cui et al.have good clinical applicability in our laboratory.

Unraveling the influence of interface defects on antimony trisulfide solar cells

Antimony trisulfide(Sb_(2)S_(3)) solar cells suffer from large open circuit voltage deficits due to their intrinsic defects which limit the power conversion efficiency.Thus,it is important to elucidate these defects’ origin and defects at the interface.Here,we discover that sulfide radical defects have a significant impact on the performance of Sb_(2)S_(3)solar cells.Moreover,it has been illustrated that these defects at the CdS/Sb_(2)S_(3)interface can be reduced by optimizing the deposition process.A trap distribution model is used to quantify the defect density at the CdS/Sb_(2)S_(3)interface.It shows that the interface defects can be reduced by24% by improving the deposition process.This work reveals the importance of interface defects and guides the future optimization of Sb_(2)S_(3)solar cells.

Viologen-based flexible electrochromic devices

Electrochromic technology has gained significant attention in various fields such as displays,smart windows,biomedical monitoring,military camouflage,human-machine interaction,and electronic skin due to its ability to provide reversible and fast color changes under applied voltage.With the rapid development and increasing demand for flexible electronics,flexible electrochromic devices(FECDs)that offer smarter and more controllable light modulation hold great promise for practical applications.The electrochromic material(ECM)undergoing color changes during the electrochemical reactions is one of the key components in electrochromic devices.Among the ECMs,viologens,a family of organic small molecules with 1,1'-disubstituted-4,4'-dipyridinium salts,have garnered extensive research interest,due to their well-reversible redox reactions,excellent electron acceptance ability,and the ability to produce multiple colors.Notably,viologen-based FECDs demonstrate color changes in the liquid or semisolid electrolyte layer,eliminating the need for two solid electrodes and thus simplifying the device structure.Consequently,viologens offer significant potential for the development of FECDs with high optical contrast,fast response speed,and excellent stability.This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress and perspectives of viologen-based FECDs.It begins by summarizing the typical structure and recent exciting developments in viologen-based FECDs,along with their advantages and disadvantages.Furthermore,the review discusses recent advancements in FECDs with additional functionalities such as sensing,photochromism,and energy storage.Finally,the remaining challenges and potential research directions for the future of viologen-based FECDs are addressed.

Protective effects of dl-3n-butylphthalide against diffuse brain injury

DI-3n-butyiphthalide can effectively treat cerebral ischemia; however, the mechanisms underlying the effects of dl-3n-butylphthalide on microcirculation disorders following diffuse brain injury remain unclear. In this study, models of diffuse brain injury were established in Sprague-Dawley rats with the vertical impact method. DI-3n-butylphthalide at 80 and 160 mg/kg was given via intraperitoneal injection immediately after diffuse brain injury. Ultrastructural changes in the cerebral cortex were observed using electron microscopy. Cerebral blood flow was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry, vascular density was marked by tannic acid-ferric chloride staining, vascular permeability was es- timated by the Evans blue method, brain water content was measured using the dry-wet method, and rat behavior was measured by motor function and sensory function tests. At 6, 24, 48, and 72 hours after administration of dl-3n-butylphthalide, reduced cerebral ultrastructure damage, in- creased vascular density and cerebral blood flow, and improved motor and sensory functions were observed. Our findings demonstrate that dl-3n-butylphthalide may have protective effects against diffuse brain injury by ameliorating microcirculation disorder and reducing blood-brain barrier dam- age and cerebral edema.

Apolipoprotein E mimetic peptide protects against diffuse brain injury

Apolipoprotein E plays a crucial role in inhibiting chronic neurodegenerative processes. Howev-er, its impact on neurological function following diffuse brain injury is still unclear. This study was designed to evaluate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of action of apolipoprotein E mimetic peptide on diffuse brain injury. Apolipoprotein E mimetic peptide was administered into the caudal vein of rats with diffuse brain injury before and after injury. We found that apo-lipoprotein E mimetic peptide signiifcantly decreased the number of apoptotic neurons, reduced extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2 phosphorylation, down-regulated Bax and cytochrome c expression, decreased malondialdehyde content, and increased superoxide dismutase activity in a dose-dependent manner. These experimental ifndings demonstrate that apolipoprotein E mimetic peptide improves learning and memory function and protects against diffuse brain injury-induced apoptosis by inhibiting the extracellular signal-regulated kinase1/2-Bax mito-chondrial apoptotic pathway.

Auditory P300 as an Indicator in Effectiveness of Robot-Assisted Lower Limb Rehabilitation Training among Hemiplegic Patients after Ischemic Stroke

Background: Robot-assisted lower limb rehabilitation training in early stage could improve the limb function among hemiplegic patients caused by ischemic stroke. P300 potential changes have importantly clinical value for evaluating the improvement in nerve function during the training as one of the objective targets. Methods: Sixty hemiplegic patients after stroke were randomly divided into a Lokomat group (30 cases) and a control group (30 cases). The Lokomat group received Lokomat rehabilitation while the control group only received traditional rehabilitation. The gait parameters and the balance ability were evaluated by the K421GAITRite analysis system and the Berg Balance Scale (BBS);ERP components including N100, N200, P200 and P300 potential were evaluated by a muscle electric inducing potentiometer. Results: There were no significant differences in BBS and gait parameters (P > 0.05), as well as in amplitude and incubation periods (IP) (P > 0.05) between the two groups before training. After 8 weeks treatment, the total (48.88 ± 3.68), static (26.40 ± 3.14) and dynamic (22.64 ± 3.68) balance scores improved significantly;the pace (59.22 ± 4.67), stride length (19.04 ± 2.24), feet wide (98.02 ± 7.97) and walking velocity (84.86 ± 9.88) and IP of N200 and P300 shortened obviously and P300 amplitude increased significantly in robot group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: This demonstrated that robot-assisted lower limb rehabilitation training in early stage could improve the limb function among hemiplegic patients caused by ischemic stroke. P300 may be considered as an indicator of neurological function improvement and effective robot-assisted lower limb rehabilitation training.

Dl-3-butylphthalide-enhanced hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and endogenous stem cell mobilization for the treatment of cerebral infarcts

Exogenous stem cell transplantation and endogenous stem cell mobilization are both effective for the treatment of acute cerebral infarction. The compound dl-3-butylphthalide is known to improve microcirculation and help brain cells at the infarct loci. This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of dl-3-butylphthalide intervention based on the transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells and mobilization of endogenous stem cells in a rat model of cerebral infarction, following middle cerebral artery occlusion. Results showed that neurological function was greatly improved and infarct volume was reduced in rats with cerebral infarction. Data also showed that dl-3-butylphthalide can promote hematopoietic stem cells to transform into vascular endothelial cells and neuronal-like cells, and also enhance the therapeutic effect on cerebral infarction by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and endogenous stem cell mobilization.

Improvement of the tissue culture technique for Melaleuca alternifolia

Tea tree oil is extracted from the leaves and twigs of Melaleuca alternifolia （Maiden ＆ Betche） Cheel, and it is widely used in medicines, food preservatives, cosmetics and health care products. Traditional propagation of M. alternifolia from seeds does not necessarily transfer the desired characteristics from their mother trees, the seedlings are not uniform, and the multiplication rate from cuttings is relatively low. For these reasons, it is necessary to develop tissue culture techniques for this species. This study showed that an efficient explant initiation medium for M. alternifolia was MS 1/2 ＋ BA 0.6mg L^-1 ＋NAA 0.1 mg L^-1＋sucrose 30g L-l, which yielded a 75.9 % initiation rate. An efficient multi- plication medium was MS ＋ BA 0.3 mg L^-1＋ NAA 0.15 mg L^-1 ＋ sucrose 30 g L^-1, which yielded a 4.3 multiplication rate and 3.2 cm shoot length. The rooting medium was MS 1/2 ＋ IBA 0.1-0.25 mg L^-1 ＋ sucrose 15 g L^-1, which yielded a 100 % rooting rate, 2.94-3.32 roots per individual and 1.36-1.44 cm root length. Local red-core soil was suitable as a transplant medium, and yielded 98 % survival. This study improved the tissue culture technique for mass-propagation of M. alternifolia, enabling the production of high quality plants for market.

Soft tissue recurrence of giant cell tumor of bone: A report of two cases and literature review

We investigated the clinical features of soft-tissue recurrence in giant cell tumor of bone （GCTB）. Among 106 cases with GCTB in our hospital, there were 2 cases occurring soft-tissue recurrence which histories were reported. These two soft-tissue recurrences occurred with the interval of 6.9 years and 2.5 years respectively from pdmary diagnosis. The clinical presentation was nonspecific masses in soft tissue. Radiographic ossification was not found at periphery or within the masses. Through pathological examination peripheral ossification was found in 1 case and malignant transformation occurred in the other case. Through retrieving and reviewing literatures in PubMed, 19 cases of soft-tissue recurrence with detailed materials were collected and analyzed. Soft-tissue recurrence of GCTB is a rare episode which reflects its locally aggressive nature, the reasons of which are tumor cells implantation and tumor residual. Ossification at periphery or in the masses can be considered as a pathognomonic character of this episode in radiographic and pathohistological examination. The prevention lies in determining tumor extension preoperatively, proper non-tumor manipulations, removing the tumor and irrigating operative wound as completely as possible.

Lung-Targeted Transgene Expression of Nanocomplexed Ad5 Enhances Immune Response in the Presence of Preexisting Immunity

Recombinant adenovirus serotype 5(Ad5)vector has been widely applied in vaccine development targeting infectious diseases,such as Ebola virus disease and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).However,the high prevalence of preexisting anti-vector immunity compromises the immunogenicity of Ad5-based vaccines.Thus,there is a substantial unmet need to minimize preexisting immunity while improving the insert-induced immunity of Ad5 vectors.Herein,we address this need by utilizing biocompatible nanoparticles to modulate Ad5–host interactions.We show that positively charged human serum albumin nanoparticles((+)HSAnp),which are capable of forming a complex with Ad5,significantly increase the transgene expression of Ad5 in both coxsackievirus–adenovirus receptor-positive and-negative cells.Furthermore,in charge-and dose-dependent manners,Ad5/(+)HSAnp complexes achieve robust(up to227-fold higher)and long-term(up to 60 days)transgene expression in the lungs of mice following intranasal instillation.Importantly,in the presence of preexisting anti-Ad5 immunity,complexed Ad5-based Ebola and COVID-19 vaccines significantly enhance antigen-specific humoral response and mucosal immunity.These findings suggest that viral aggregation and charge modification could be leveraged to engineer enhanced viral vectors for vaccines and gene therapies.

MXene-based all-solid flexible electrochromic microsupercapacitor

With the increasing demand for multifunctional optoelectronic devices,flexible electrochromic energy storage devices are being widely recognized as promising platforms for diverse applications.However,simultaneously achieving high capacitance,fast color switching and large optical modulation range is very challenging.In this study,the MXenebased flexible in-plane microsupercapacitor was fabricated via a mask-assisted spray coating approach.By adding electrochromic ethyl viologen dibromide(EVB)into the electrolyte,the device showed a reversible color change during the charge/discharge process.Due to the high electronic conductivity of the MXene flakes and the fast response kinetics of EVB,the device exhibited a fast coloration/bleaching time of 2.6 s/2.5 s,a large optical contrast of 60%,and exceptional coloration efficiency.In addition,EVB acted as a redox additive to reinforce the energy storage performance;as a result,the working voltage window of the Ti_(3)C_(2)-based symmetric aqueous microsupercapacitor was extended to 1 V.Moreover,the device had a high areal capacitance of 12.5 mF cm^(−2)with superior flexibility and mechanical stability and showed almost 100%capacitance retention after 100 bending cycles.The as-prepared device has significant potential for a wide range of applications in flexible and wearable electronics,particularly in the fields of camouflage,anticounterfeiting,and displays.

Regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 influences hippocampal neuronal survival in a rat model of diabetic cerebral ischemia

Activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 has been demonstrated in acute brain ischemia. We hypothesized that activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 can protect hippocampal neurons from injury in a diabetic model after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. In this study, transient whole-brain ischemia was induced by four-vessel occlusion in normal and diabetic rats, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 inhibitor （U0126） was administered into diabetic rats 30 minutes before ischemia as a pretreatment. Results showed that the number of surviving neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region was reduced, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation and KuT0 activity were decreased, and pro-apoptotic Bax expression was upregulated after intervention using U0126. These findings demonstrate that inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activity aggravated neuronal loss in the hippocampus in a diabetic rat after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion, further decreased DNA repairing ability and ac- celerated apoptosis in hippocampal neurons. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 activation plays a neuroprotective role in hippocampal neurons in a diabetic rat after cerebral ischemia/ reperfusion.

Surfactant Surface Tension Effects on Promoting Hydrate Formation: An Experimental Study Using Fluorocarbon Surfactant (Intechem-01) + SDS Composite Surfactant

The investigation of surface tension is a very important task for gas hydrate studying. Surfactants can effectively reduce the surface tension, improve the gas storage capability of hydrate and increase the formation rate, shorten the induction time. The objective of this study were to obtain a better understanding of the role of surface tension on hydrate formation and build gas hydrate models involve surfactant. In this study it was highlighted that the surface tension of Intechem-01 + SDS composite surfactants in natural gas hydrate promotion system and the change rules at different temperatures, concentration and proportion. According to the results of experiment, the surface tension of composite surfactants decreased with the increase of Intechem-01. The best cooperating effect was observed in proportion (Intechem-01 content) of 0.6 - 0.7, where the surface tension was the lowest. In this proportion range, the composite surfactants showed the same effect to pure fluorine carbon surfactant. The study shown the surface tension of composite surfactants decreased with the rise of temperature, and they were in a linear relationship within a certain range. Surface tension of composite surfactants decreased with the increase of surfactant concentration, however, it was no longer decreased above critical micelle concentration (CMC). The fitting equation of surface tension with various factors has been obtained.

Method for Latency Measurement of Visual Feedback-Based Master–Slave Minimally Invasive Surgical Robot

To measure the latency between human motion stimulation and stereo image display response in a visual feedback-based minimally invasive surgical(MIS) robotic system,a method was proposed by comparing the orientations of input and output events through image-processing technology. This method used a black bar to keep pace with the measured joint rotating at a number of speeds. During tests,an external camera was placed in front of the apparatus with a proper visual field,so that it can simultaneously view orientations of both bars fixed on the corresponding joints. After quantitatively analyzing the accuracy of the proposed measurement method,the method was applied to a visual feedback-based master–slave robotic system with two-degrees-of-freedom. Experimental results show that the latency of the overall system was approximately 250 ms,and the opposite clearance of the measured joint was in the range of 1.7°–1.9°.

Improved Fatigue and Damage Tolerant Material Design for Aerospace Industry

Various micro-mechanical and micro-structural influences on fatigue crack growth resistance of the material have been investigated over the years. It is widely recognized that resistance to fatigue crack growth can be differentiated into ‘intrinsic＇ and ‘extrinsic＇. The separation of intrinsic and extrinsic crack growth resistance has constituted a major theme of fatigue research in the last 30 years, with the concept of crack closure or crack tip shielding being used to rationalize a wide range of micro-structural and mechanical influences on fatigue crack growth behavior. An accurately quantitative understanding of intrinsic and extrinsic effects on crack growth is essential to directed alloy design for improved fatigue resistance, and/or improved structural service life. This paper presents a compliance-based crack closure measurement method and a multi-mechanism based analytical model for the separation of intrinsic and extrinsic material fatigue resistance, with application in characterizing the fatigue performance of two high strength damage tolerant airframe AI alloys.

Intedrcalation in Two-Dimensional Transition Metal Carbides and Nitrides(MXenes) toward Electrochemical Capacitor and Beyond

Since its discovery in 2011,the emerging family of two-dimensional(2D)transition metal carbides,nitrides,and carbonitrides(denoted as MXenes)has shown tremendous promise in the field of energy storages,especially electrochemical capacitors(ECs).The intercalation of foreign species,including but not limited to proton,cations,organic ions,and solvents,is demonstrated as one of the dominant facts during the energy storage process of MXenes,through which interlayer spacing of MXenes can be reversibly tuned,followed with reversible redox reactions on the surface of MXenes.Such a mechanism provides MXenes extremely high capacitance up to 1500 F cm-3,in aqueous acidic electrolyte.In addition,because of the versatile terminations on their surface,the intercalation of ions into MXenes can simultaneously induce the reversible transformation of their electronic structure to trigger some other phenomenon,for example,electrochromic effect,which has great potential on electrochromic smart window—an extended application of ECs.Accordingly,regulating and facilitating the intercalation in MXenes is of great significance for MXene-based ECs.In this review,we summarize the recent progress on the intercalation in MXenes towards ECs,discussing on the intercalated species,working mechanisms,and methods to promote the intercalation.Furthermore,we prospect the future research directions of intercalation of MXenes in ECs,such as the combination of simulation and experiment on finding the best intercalation species,precisely controlling the interlayer spacing and beyond,to boost the electrochemical performance of MXene toward practical applications and multi-functional devices.

Hippocampal expression of apoptotic protease activating factor-1 following diffuse axonal injury under mild hypothermia

The influence of mild hypothermia on neural cell apoptosis remains poorly understood. Therefore, the present study established rat models of diffuse axonal injury （DAI） at 33℃. Morris water maze results demonstrated significantly better learning and memory functions in DAI rats with hypothermia compared with DAI rats with normothermia. Expression of apoptotic protease activating factor-1 in the hippocampal CA1 region was significantly lower in the DAI hypothermia group compared with the DAI normothermia group. Expression of apoptotic protease activating factor-1 positively correlated with latency, but negatively correlated with platform location times and time of swimming in the quadrant area. Results suggested that post-traumatic mild hypothermia in a rat model of DAI could provide cerebral protection by attenuating expression of apoptotic protease activating factor-1.

QTL Positioning of Thousand Wheat Grain Weight in Qaidam Basin

TGW is an important agronomic trait that influences the yield and milling quality of wheat. In this paper, after having investigated the phenotype of TGW from 114 ITMI recombinant inbred genealogies in 4 years in Qaidam Basin, a typical plateau oasis agricultural area, and having combined 1410 molecular markers, 7 major QTL loci of the thousand gain weight were screened out with the aid of QTL network software. These loci included qTgw1B (42.6 cm), qTgw2A(77.9 cm), qTgw2D1 (25.4 cm), qTgw2D2 (51.8 cm), qTgw6A1 (56.1 cm), qTgw6A2 (62.2 cm) and qTgw7A(75.7 cm) with their genetic contribution rates between 3.29% - 19.36%. There were two epistatic effect loci2A-2D and2A-6B with their genetic contribution rates as 2.3% and 5.3% respectively. The quantitative genetic locus positioning of thousand hexaploid wheat grain weight in Qaidam Basin can assist us in better understanding the genetic regulatory network formed by TGW, and can also provide a theoretical basis for improving thousand wheat grain weight in this ecological area.

Comparing Online Performance of EMG Pattern Recognition with and Without Joint Movements

Our previous study suggested that the subcutaneous muscle displacement caused by joint movements might alter muscle activation patterns and thus affect the classification performance.To further analyze the effect of joint movements on the online performance of Electromyography(EMG)Pattern Recognition(PR),this study assessed online classification performance with and without joint movements.EMG signals were recorded from the dominant forearm of 10 able-bodied subjects under two motion scenarios:Hand and Wrist Joints Unconstrained(HAWJU)and Constrained(HAWJC).Sixth-order autoregressive coefficients and four time-domain features were extracted from EMG signals.Linear Discriminant Analysis(LDA)models were trained to perform an online performance evaluation of the limb motions.The experimental results showed that the four online performance metrics:Motion Selection Time(MST),Motion Completion Time(MCT),Motion Completion Rate(MCR),and Online Classification Accuracy(ONCA)were 0.35 s,1.44 s,97.40%,and 82.61%for HAWJU and 0.37 s,1.47 s,89.70%,and 73.57%for HAWJC,respectively.The outcomes of this study indicated that subcutaneous muscle displacement due to joint movements has a positive effect on online classification performance.The absence of joint movements may be a physiological factor contributing to the poor online performance of the EMG-PR of transradial amputees.This study can provide a new perspective for improving the online performance of EMG-PR for transradial amputees.

基于预连接镍链的高应变敏感度动态可调电磁干扰屏蔽弹性体

具有动态可调电磁屏蔽性能的电磁干扰屏蔽材料备受关注,但其目前仍然存在制备复杂、厚度大、触发方式不便、调节范围窄等缺点.我们通过将尖刺镍微粒精确地分散到聚二甲基硅氧烷基体中形成预连接的链状结构,制备出了具有可开关电磁屏蔽性能的弹性体材料.弹性体在机械拉伸和释放过程中表现出连续和可逆的电磁干扰屏蔽性能.原始弹性体具有良好的阻抗匹配和低介电损耗,允许大部分电磁波通过.拉伸使预连接的短链彼此接触,在内部形成大量的微尺度导电网络,显著增强了电导损耗能力,实现了较强的电磁干扰屏蔽能力.此外,我们通过无线应变传感系统验证了智能电磁干扰屏蔽弹性体的应用潜力,证明了可穿戴智能电磁干扰屏蔽精确监测人体运动的可能性.