Ionic Liquid-Enhanced Assembly of Nanomaterials for Highly Stable Flexible Transparent Electrodes

The controlled assembly of nanomaterials has demon-strated significant potential in advancing technological devices.However,achieving highly efficient and low-loss assembly technique for nanomate-rials,enabling the creation of hierarchical structures with distinctive func-tionalities,remains a formidable challenge.Here,we present a method for nanomaterial assembly enhanced by ionic liquids,which enables the fabrication of highly stable,flexible,and transparent electrodes featuring an organized layered structure.The utilization of hydrophobic and non-volatile ionic liquids facilitates the production of stable interfaces with water,effectively preventing the sedimentation of 1D/2D nanomaterials assembled at the interface.Furthermore,the interfacially assembled nanomaterial monolayer exhibits an alternate self-climbing behavior,enabling layer-by-layer transfer and the formation of a well-ordered MXene-wrapped silver nanowire network film.The resulting composite film not only demonstrates exceptional photoelectric performance with a sheet resistance of 9.4Ωsq^(-1) and 93%transmittance,but also showcases remarkable environmental stability and mechanical flexibility.Particularly noteworthy is its application in transparent electromagnetic interference shielding materials and triboelectric nanogenerator devices.This research introduces an innovative approach to manufacture and tailor functional devices based on ordered nanomaterials.

Collision Classification MAC Protocol for Underwater Acoustic Communication Networks Using Directional Antennas

Traditional underwater acoustic communication networks(UACNs)generally use omnidirectional transmission technology that causes a large number of data-packet collisions,thus resulting in low network throughput and high end-to-end delays.Compared with omnidirectional transmission technology,directional technology only sends and receives data packets in a specified direction.This can significantly reduce the probability of collisions and improve network performance.However,it also causes a deafness problem,which occurs when the sending node sends a data packet to the receiving node but the receiving node is unable to reply to the sender,because its antenna beam is closed.To resolve this issue,this study proposes a collision classification media access control(CC-MAC)protocol for UACNs.With this protocol,the underwater acoustic channel is divided into two subchannels,and the nodes transmit corresponding data types on them.The sending node can estimate the current status of the receiving node(i.e.,no collision,normal collision,deafness)according to the type of the data packet received and the sub-channel it arrived on,and it can choose correct options to improve network efficiency.Finally,we verify the performance of CC-MAC via simulations,showing that the protocol achieved higher network throughput and lower end-toend delays.

Current situation and development of hematopoietic cell transplantation centers:A nationwide survey in China

To the Editor:Hematopoietic cell transplantation(HCT)is a vital modality to cure severe hematological disorders.[1]Global or regional summarized data of HCT are annually reported by the Chinese Blood and Marrow Transplantation Registry Group(CBMTRG),European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation(EBMT)and Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research(CIBMTR).It is shown that the number of transplants is continuously increasing,particularly in China in recent years.[2]Since the donor accessibility is significantly addressed by the well-established protocol of haplo-identical HCT(haplo-HCT).

NPRC deletion mitigated atherosclerosis by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in ApoE knockout mice

Previous studies suggested a beneficial effect of natriuretic peptides in animal models of cardiovascular disease,but the role of natriuretic peptide receptor C(NPRC)in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis(AS)remains unknown.This study was designed to test the hypothesis that NPRC may promote AS lesion formation and instability by enhancing oxidative stress,inflammation,and apoptosis via protein kinase A(PKA)signaling.ApoE^(−/−)mice were fed chow or Western diet for 12 weeks and NPRC expression was significantly increased in the aortic tissues of Western diet-fed mice.Systemic NPRC knockout mice were crossed with ApoE^(−/−)mice to generate ApoE^(−/−)NPRC^(−/−)mice,and NPRC deletion resulted in a significant decrease in the size and instability of aortic atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE^(−/−)NPRC^(−/−)versus ApoE^(−/−)mice.In addition,endothelial cell-specific NPRC knockout attenuated atherosclerotic lesions in mice.In contrast,endothelial cell overexpression of NPRC aggravated the size and instability of atherosclerotic aortic lesions in mice.Experiments in vitro showed that NPRC knockdown in human aortic endothelial cells(HAECs)inhibited ROS production,pro-inflammatory cytokine expression and endothelial cell apoptosis,and increased eNOS expression.Furthermore,NPRC knockdown in HAECs suppressed macrophage migration,cytokine expression,and phagocytosis via its effects on endothelial cells.On the contrary,NPRC overexpression in endothelial cells resulted in opposite effects.Mechanistically,the anti-inflammation and anti-atherosclerosis effects of NPRC deletion involved activation of cAMP/PKA pathway,leading to downstream upregulated AKT1 pathway and downregulated NF-κB pathway.In conclusion,NPRC deletion reduced the size and instability of atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE^(−/−)mice via attenuating inflammation and endothelial cell apoptosis and increasing eNOS expression by modulating cAMP/PKA-AKT1 and NF-κB pathways.Thus,targeting NPRC may provide a promising approach to the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis.

Targeting SAMHD1: To overcome multiple anti-cancer drugs resistance in hematological malignancies

Sterile α motif and histidine/aspartic acid domain containing protein 1 (SAMHD1) is a deoxynucleoside triphosphate (dNTPs) triphosphohydrolase that can hydrolyze dNTPs into deoxynucleosides and triphosphates to keep the balance of the intracellular dNTPs pool. Moreover, it has been reported that SAMHD1 plays a role in regulating cell proliferation and the cell cycle, maintaining genome stability and inhibiting innate immune responses. SAMHD1 activity is regulated by phosphorylation, oxidation, SUMOylation, and O-GlcNAcylation. SAMHD1 mutations have been reported to cause diseases, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia and mantle cell lymphoma. SAMHD1 expression in acute myeloid leukemia predicts inferior prognosis. Recently, it has been revealed that SAMHD1 mediates the resistance to anti-cancer drugs. This review will focus on SAMHD1 function and regulation, the association between SAMHD1 and hematological malignancies and will provide updated information on SAMHD1 mediating resistance to nucleoside analogue antimetabolites, topoisomerase inhibitors, platinum-derived agents and DNA hypomethylating agents. Furthermore, histone deacetylase inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors indirectly increase anti-cancer drug resistance by increasing SAMDH1 activity. We herein highlight the importance of the development of novel agents targeting SAMHD1 to overcome treatment resistance of hematological malignancies, which would be an opportunity to improve the outcome of patients with refractory hematological malignancies.

Correction: NPRC deletion mitigated atherosclerosis by inhibiting oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis in ApoE knockout mice

After online publication of the article,the authors noticed one inadvertent mistake in Fig.2b.The image of Sirus Red Dark in ApoE^(-/-)NPRC^(-/-)group Was mistakenly inserted as the image of Sirus Red Bright in ApoE^(-/-)group,during the final revision process.The correct figure was provided as follows.

A sandwich structure composite wound dressing with firmly anchored silver nanoparticles for severe burn wound healing in a porcine model

Wounds may remain open for a few weeks in severe burns,which provide an entry point for pathogens and microorganisms invading.Thus,wound dressings with long-term antimicrobial activity are crucial for severe burn wound healing.Here,a sandwich structure composite wound dressing anchored with silver nanoparticles(AgNPs)was developed for severe burn wound healing.AgNPs were in situ synthesized on the fibers of chitosan nonwoven fabric(CSNWF)as the interlayer of wound dressing for sustained release of silver ion.The firmly anchored AgNPs could prevent its entry into the body,thereby eliminating the toxicity of nanomaterials.The outer layer was a polyurethane membrane,which has a nanoporous structure that could maintain free transmission of water vapor.Chitosan/collagen sponge was selected as the inner layer because of its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability.The presence of AgNPs in the CSNWF was fully characterized,and the high antibacterial activity of CSNWF/AgNPs was confirmed by against Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.The superior wound healing effect on deep dermal burns of presented composite wound dressing was demonstrated in a porcine model.Our finding suggested that the prepared AgNPs doped sandwich structure composite wound dressing has great potential application in severe wound care.

Deformation induced Elinvar behavior in Fe-Ni Invar alloy

Fe-Ni alloys exhibiting temperature-independent elastic modulus(Elinvar)and thermal expansion(Invar)properties have found wide and significant applications,such as liquefied natural gas tanks,micrometers,reed relays,hairsprings,etc.[1].Owing to the technical and theoretical importance of Invar and Elinvar effects,the underlying mechanisms of such effects have been

Significant variations in alternative splicing patterns and expression profiles between human-mouse orthologs in early embryos

Human and mouse orthologs are expected to have similar biological functions; however, many discrepancies have also been reported. We systematically compared human and mouse orthologs in terms of alternative splicing patterns and expression profiles. Human-mouse orthologs are divergent in alternative splicing, as human orthologs could generally encode more isoforms than their mouse orthologs. In early embryos, exon skipping is far more common with human orthologs, whereas constitutive exons are more prevalent with mouse orthologs. This may correlate with divergence in expression of splicing regulators. Orthologous expression similarities are different in distinct embryonic stages, with the highest in morula. Expression differences for orthologous transcription factor genes could play an important role in orthologous expression discordance. We further detected largely orthologous divergence in differential expression between distinct embryonic stages. Collectively, our study uncovers significant orthologous divergence from multiple aspects, which may result in functional differences and dynamics between human-mouse orthologs during embryonic development.

Numerical study on the generation and evolution of the super-rogue waves

The super-rogue wave solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation(NLS)are numerically studied based on the weakly nonlinear hydrodynamic equation.The super-rogue wave solutions up to the 5th order,also known as the so-called super-rogue waves,are observed according to the results obtained by numerically solving the modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation which is also known as the Dysthe equation that has a higher accuracy along the wave evolution in space.By using the 4th order split-step pseudo-spectral method during the integral process,more accurate results with a smaller conservation error were obtained.It is found that the super-rogue waves can be generated when considering the higher order nonlinearity.The fourth-order terms in the mNLS equation should not be ignored in numerically simulating the evolution of the super-rogue wave formation.The bound wave components also play important roles in the wave evolution.The enhancement of wave amplitude becomes larger due to the influence of bound wave components.

Single-zircon dating of Precambrian strata in the west sector of the northern Qilian Mountains and its geological significance

Single_zircon evaporation method was employed in the present study to determine the age of the iron_bearing rock series in Precambrian strata in the western sector of the northern Qilian Mountains. Three zircon ages from the diabase of the Aoyougou ophiolite previously put into Upper Lithologic Formation of the Zhulongguan Group are (1 840±2), (1 783±2) and (1 784±2) Ma respectively, whereas the zircon ages from the welded breccias in the Zhulongguan Group are (733±7), (738±4) and (604±6) Ma respectively. These results show that they should belong to the bottom of the middle Proterozoic and the upper part of upper Proterozoic respectively.

Multilayer ordered silver nanowire network films by self-driven climbing for large-area flexible optoelectronic devices

Silver nanowire(AgNW)networks hold great promises as next-generation flex-ible transparent electrodes(FTEs)for high-performance flexible optoelectronic devices.However,achieving large-area flexible AgNW network electrodes with low sheet resistance,high optical transmittance,and a smooth surface remains a grand challenge.Here,we report a straightforward and cost-effective roll-to-roll method that includes interface assembly/wetting-induced climbing transfer,nanowelding,and washing processess to fabricate flexible ordered lay-ered AgNW electrodes with high network uniformity.By manipulating the stacking number of the interfacially assembled AgNW monolayer,we can pre-cisely tailor and balance the transparency and the conductivity of the elec-trodes,achieving an exceptional Figure of Merit(FoM)value of 862.Moreover,the ordered layered structure enhances surface smoothness,compared with randomly arranged structures.To highlight the potential of these ordered lay-ered AgNW network electrodes in flexible optoelectronic devices,we success-fully employ them as highly sensitive strain sensors,large-area flexible touch screens,and flexible smart windows.Overall,this work represents a substantial advance toward high-performance FTEs over large areas,opening up exciting opportunities for the development of advanced optoelectronic devices.