中国流夜蛾属二新种和二新记录种记述(鳞翅目:夜蛾科)

记述中国流夜蛾属Chytonix 2新种:镇康流夜蛾C. zhenkangensis sp. nov.(云南)和太白山流夜蛾C. taibaishana sp. nov.(陕西),及2新记录种:C. excurvata (云南)和C. pallidisca (西藏)。提供了新种和新记录种的形态特征图,以及新种和近缘种的鉴别特征。

Theoretical and Experimental Study on the Performance of Hermetic Diaphragm Squeeze Film Dampers for Gas-Lubricated Bearings

Low damping characteristics have always been a key sticking points in the development of gas bearings.The application of squeeze film dampers can significantly improve the damping performance of gas lubricated bearings.This paper proposed a novel hermetic diaphragm squeeze film damper(HDSFD)for oil-free turbomachinery supported by gas lubricated bearings.Several types of HDSFDs with symmetrical structure were proposed for good damping performance.By considering the compressibility of the damper fluid,based on hydraulic fluid mechanics theory,a dynamic model of HDSFDs under medium is proposed,which successfully reflects the frequency dependence of force coefficients.Based on the dynamic model,the effects of damper fluid viscosity,bulk modulus of damper fluid,thickness of damper fluid film and plunger thickness on the dynamic stiffness and damping of HDSFDs were analyzed.An experimental test rig was assembled and series of experimental studies on HDSFDs were conducted.The damper fluid transverse flow is added to the existing HDSFD concept,which aims to make the dynamic force coefficients independent of frequency.Although the force coefficient is still frequency dependent,the damping coefficient at high frequency excitation with damper fluid supply twice as that without damper fluid supply.The results serve as a benchmark for the calibration of analytical tools under development.

近代北京的王府井大街

明清时期,北京是一座皇权之城、天子之都,城市的所有职能都必须让位于此,服从于此。在空间布局方面,由于一座规模巨大的封闭性皇城的存在,直接影响了内城南北及东西之间的交通连接,进而限制了城市活力的释放。清朝定鼎北京之后,实施旗民分治,满汉分治。满人圈占内城,将普通汉人尽驱外城,北京的都城功能进一步强化,皇权压倒一切。为确保八旗军队战斗力及区域内部的安全,内城中形成了诸多禁令,如不准经营商业、不准有娱乐场所等。

冬日溜冰:古都青年的“摩登”生活

1926年1月31日,在北海公园漪澜堂举办了一场化妆溜冰竞赛大会,参加者有130名,观众上千人,《晨报》在第二天开辟“专号”进行了报道:“此次与会比赛,其装束奇异者,均有奖品,故凡与会比赛者,不吝破资,具备奇服异装以博赏心,男女各半,衣冠华丽,无所不有。西妇方面,除九人饰牛羊马或兔令人捧腹不计外。中妇方面服装奇妙,尤以粤人张女士之饰蝴蝶,及某女士之饰印度妇,尤为妙绝。

Construction of 1D Heterostructure NiCo@C/ZnO Nanorod with Enhanced Microwave Absorption

Layered double hydroxides(LDHs)have a special structure and atom composition,which are expected to be an excellent electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorber.However,it is still a problem that obtaining excellent EMWabsorbing materials from LDHs.Herein,we designed heterostructure NiCo-LDHs@ZnO nanorod and then subsequent heat treating to derive NiCo@C/ZnO composites.Finally,with the synergy of excellent dielectric loss and magnetic loss,an outstanding absorption performance could be achieved with the reflection loss of−60.97 dB at the matching thickness of 2.3 mm,and the widest absorption bandwidth of 6.08 GHz was realized at 2.0 mm.Moreover,this research work provides a reference for the development and utilization of LDHs materials in the field of microwave absorption materials and can also provide ideas for the design of layered structural absorbers.

Age-related rhesus macaque models of COVID-19

Background:Since December 2019,an outbreak of the Corona Virus disease 2019(COVID-19)caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus(SARS-CoV-2)in Wuhan,China,has become a public health emergency of international concern.The high fatality of aged cases caused by SARS-CoV-2 was a need to explore the possible age-related phenomena with non-human primate models.Methods:Three 3-5 years old and two 15 years old rhesus macaques were intratracheally infected with SARS-CoV-2,and then analyzed by clinical signs,viral replication,chest X-ray,histopathological changes and immune response.Results:Viral replication of nasopharyngeal swabs,anal swabs and lung in old monkeys was more active than that in young monkeys for 14 days after SARS-CoV-2 challenge.Monkeys developed typical interstitial pneumonia characterized by thickened alveolar septum accompanied with inflammation and edema,notably,old monkeys exhibited diffuse severe interstitial pneumonia.Viral antigens were detected mainly in alveolar epithelial cells and macrophages.Conclusion:SARS-CoV-2 caused more severe interstitial pneumonia in old monkeys than that in young monkeys.Rhesus macaque models infected with SARS-CoV-2 provided insight into the pathogenic mechanism and facilitated the development of vaccines and therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Recent Advances in 2D Lateral Heterostructures

Recent developments in synthesis and nanofabrication technologies offer the tantalizing prospect of realizing various applications from twodimensional(2D)materials.A revolutionary development is to flexibly construct many different kinds of heterostructures with a diversity of 2D materials.These 2D heterostructures play an important role in semiconductor and condensed matter physics studies and are promising candidates for new device designs in the fields of integrated circuits and quantum sciences.Theoretical and experimental studies have focused on both vertical and lateral 2D heterostructures;the lateral heterostructures are considered to be easier for planner integration and exhibit unique electronic and photoelectronic properties.In this review,we give a summary of the properties of lateral heterostructures with homogeneous junction and heterogeneous junction,where the homogeneous junctions have the same host materials and the heterogeneous junctions are combined with different materials.Afterward,we discuss the applications and experimental synthesis of lateral 2D heterostructures.Moreover,a perspective on lateral 2D heterostructures is given at the end.

Vacancy defect modulation in hot-casted NiOx film for efficient inverted planar perovskite solar cells

Nickel oxide(NiOx)has exhibited great potential as an inorganic hole transport layer(HTL)in perovskite solar cells(PSCs)due to its wide optical bandgap and superior stability.In this study,we have modulated the Ni26 vacancies in NiOx film by controlling deposition temperature in a hot-casting process,resulting the change of coordination structure and charge state of NiOx.Moreover,the change of the HOMO level of NiOx makes it more compatible with perovskite to decrease energy losses and enhance hole carrier injection efficiency.Besides,the defect modulation in the electronic structure of NiOx is beneficial for increasing the electrical conductivity and mobility,which are considered to achieve the balance of charge carrier transport and avoid charge accumulation at the interface between perovskite and HTL effectively.Both experimental analyses and theoretical calculations reveal the increase of nickel vacancy defects change the electronic structure of NiOx by increasing the ratio of Ni3^+/Ni2^+-and improving the p-type characteristics.Accordingly,an optimal deposition temperature at 120℃enabled a 36.24%improvement in the power conversion efficiency compared to that deposited at room temperature(25℃).Therefore,this work provides a facile method to manipulate the electronic structure of NiOx to improve the charge carrier transport and photovoltaic performance of related PSCs.

A Decade of Scien tific and Tech no logical Inno vati on at Chin ese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College:Retrospect and Prospect

Focusing on the reform initiatives of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS) & Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) in medical scientific and technological innovation from perspectives of deepening the reform and optimizing the ecosystem of science and technology innovation,this article summarizes the highlights of CAMS & PUMC’s efforts in safeguarding people’ s health and promoting the Healthy China 2030 strategy through scientific and technological innovation in the fields including basic research,disease prevention and treatment,and medical technology in the past ten years.These achievements embody the endeavors and responsibility of CAMS& PUMC in realizing self-reliance and self-improvement of Chinese medical science and technology and highlight its contributions to the development of medical science and technology of China.

加强生物医学大数据建设应用,推动健康中国战略实施

我国政府始终将人民的权益放在优先发展的地位,不断努力提高人民健康水平,主要健康指标总体上优于中高收入国家平均水平[1].2017年,“健康中国”被写入党的十九大报告,健康中国上升为国家战略[2].2019年印发的《关于实施健康中国行动的意见》(https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/content/2019-07/15/content_5409492.htm)和《健康中国行动(2019~2030年)》(https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2019-07/15/content_5409694.htm)明确了健康中国战略的总体目标,部署了重点方向和任务.

SARS-CoV-2 encoded microRNAs are involved in the process of virus infection and host immune response

The outbreak of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 is spreading worldwide,with the pathogenesis mostly unclear.Both virus and host-derived microRNA(miRNA)play essential roles in the pathology of virus infection.This study aims to uncover the mechanism for SARS-CoV-2 pathogenicity from the perspective of miRNA.We scanned the SARS-CoV-2 genome for putative miRNA genes and miRNA targets and conducted in vivo experiments to validate the virus-encoded miRNAs and their regulatory role on the putative targets.One of such virus-encoded miRNAs,MR147-3p,was overexpressed that resulted in significantly decreased transcript levels of all of the predicted targets in human,i.e.,EXOC7,RAD9A,and TFE3 in the virus-infected cells.The analysis showed that the immune response and cytoskeleton organization are two of the most notable biological processes regulated by the infection-modulated miRNAs.Additionally,the genomic mutation of SARS-CoV-2 contributed to the changed miRNA repository and targets,suggesting a possible role of miRNAs in the attenuated phenotype of SARS-CoV-2 during its evolution.This study provided a comprehensive view of the miRNA-involved regulatory system during SARS-CoV-2 infection,indicating possible antiviral therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 through intervening miRNA regulation.

Benefit community promotes evolution of cooperation in prisoners’ dilemma game

Exploring the emergence and maintenance of cooperation in social dilemma is valuable and it arises considerable concerns of many researchers. In this paper, we propose a mechanism to promote cooperation, called benefit community,in which cooperators linking together form a common benefit community and all their payoffs obtained from game are divided coequally. The robustness of conclusions is tested for the PDG(prisoners' dilemma game) on square lattice and WS small world network. We find that cooperation can be promoted by this typical mechanism, especially, it can diffuse and prevail more easily and rapidly on the WS small world network than it on the square lattice, even if a big temptation to defect b. Our research provides a feasible direction to resolve the social dilemma.

Study on Hypertension and Risk of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease

Cardiovascular diseases are diseases related to blood vessels,heart and surrounding tissues which affect one’s health and normal life.Cardiovascular diseases include heart disease,stroke,endocarditis,arrhythmia,and more.The main causes of cardiovascular diseases are drinking,smoking,obesity,hypertension,diabetes,hyperlipidemia,and so on.In addition,there also are environmental factors and dietary factors.At present,the most basic disease treatment methods are life intervention and clinical intervention.When the disease is severe,it needs to be treated by surgical intervention.The effect of hypertension on patients’health is very significant,which is closely related to the incidence rate of cardiovascular disease.Therefore,this paper investigated and studied the development of hypertension and its impact on the risk of cardiovascular disease,and analyzed and summarized it in the form of review to provide references for clinical research.

Monolithic epitaxy and optoelectronic properties of single-crystalline γ-In_(2)Se_(3) thin films on mica

The growth of γ-In_(2)Se_(3) thin films on mica by molecular beam epitaxy is studied. Single-crystalline γ-In_(2)Se_(3) is achieved at a relatively low growth temperature. An ultrathin β-In_(2)Se_(3) buffer layer is observed to nucleate and grow through a process of self-organization at initial deposition, which facilitates subsequent monolithic epitaxy of single-crystallineγ-In_(2)Se_(3) at low temperature. Strong room-temperature photoluminescence and moderate optoelectronic response are observed in the achieved γ-In_(2)Se_(3) thin films.

Chip-based quantum communications

Quantum communications aim to share encryption keys between the transmitters and receivers governed by the laws of quantum mechanics.Integrated quantum photonics offers significant advantages of dense integration,high stability and scalability,which enables a vital platform for the implementation of quantum information processing and quantum communications.This article reviews recent experimental progress and advances in the development of integrated quantum photonic devices and systems for quantum communications and quantum networks.

XIAP expression and its predictive significance of prognosis in stage IIB osteosarcomas

Objective： To evaluate X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein （XIAP） expression in biopsy specimens from the patients with stage lib osteosarcomas before chemotherapy to study XIAP expression and its predictive significance of progosis in stage lib osteosarcomas. Methods： The expression of XIAP was retrospectively detected by SP immunohistochem- istry in 31 cases biopsy specimens from stage lib osteosarcomas before chemotherapy, and the relationship between XIAP expression and clinicopathologic features of the patients with stage lib osteosarcomas was analyzed. Results： The osteo- sarcoma specimens showed strong cell nucleus immunoreaction of XIAP while normal bone specimens showed weak. High XIAP positive expression independently predicted the patient＇s poor outcome and had no relationship with clinicopathologic variables such as age, gender, location, tumor size, rate of tumor necrosis to preoperative chemotherapy, local recurrence （P 〉 0.05）. Significant correlations were found between high XIAP expression and metastasis （P -- 0.022）, and also between high XIAP expression and final survival （P = 0.011）. Conclusion： XIAP plays an important role in the development of stage liB osteosarcomas and XIAP expression of biopsy specimens before chemotherapy can be seen as a promising prognostic marker in early predicting the outcome of patients suffering from stage lib osteosarcomas,

Diagnosis of hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor by fine-needle biopsy

Hepatic inflammatory pseudotumor(IPT)is a benign lesion characterized by chronic infiltration of inflammatory cells and fibrosis that clinically,radiologically,and pathologically mimics malignancy.However,the epidemiology of IPTs remains unclear.IPTs are often misdiagnosed as malignant lesions because of the lack of characteristic features.We present the case of a 32-year-old man that was misdiagnosed as intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma by CECT,CEMRI,and CEUS,which was finally confirmed as IPT by fine-needle liver biopsy.In this report,the key factor in the diagnosis of liver inflammatory masses was the presence of hepatic perfusion disorder.

Status of aquatic organisms resources and their environments in Yangtze River system(2017-2021)⋆

The Yangtze River is the mother river of China.To promote the aquatic ecosystem protection of the great river,the Project of Yangtze Fisheries Resources and Environment Investigation(2017-2021)supported by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China carried out by 24 institutes and universities that located in the Yangtze River basin surveys the status of(1)fish species composition and spatial distribution,(2)current fish abundance,(3)endangered fishes,(4)Yangtze finless porpoise,(5)aquatic eco-environments,(6)water-level fluctuation areas,(7)capture fisheries and recreational fisheries of the Yangtze River mainstream and 10 of its main tributaries,including Yalong River,Heng River,Min River(including Dadu River),Chishui River,Tuo River,Jialing River,Wu River,Han River,Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake.The results showed that there were 443 fish species(belonging to 163 genus,37 families,and 18 orders)before 2017,but only 323 fish species(including 15 new recorded exotic species)were recorded in the project of 2017-2021.Among them,Cyprinus carpio,Carassius auratus,Hypophthalmichthys molitrix,Pelteobagrus fulvidraco,Coilia brachygnathus,Silurus asotus,Saurogobio dabryi,Ctenopharyngodon idellus,Pelteobagrus nitidus,Hemiculter leucisculus,Siniperca chuatsi,Coreius heterodon,Culter alburnus,Parabramis pekinensis,and Aristichthys nobilis were the dominant species across the whole Yangtze River system.It is estimated that there were 886 million individuals weighing 124.8 million kg,merely equivalent to 27.3%of the resources in 1950s,30.9%of the resources in 1960s,or 58.7%of the resources in 1980s.In the new list of protected fishes that recorded in the Yangtze River system,only 15 of 29 were collected in this project of 2017-2021.Psephurus gladius has been affirmed to be Extinct by International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN).The wild individuals of Tenualosa reevesii and Luciobrama macrocephalus have disappeared for many years and maybe have been extinct already.Acipenser dabryanus has been affirmed to be Extinct in the Wild by IUCN.The natural propagations of A.sinensis,Myxocyprinus asiaticus and Trachidermus fasciatus have been interrupted for many years.The populations of Yangtze finless porpoise in the Yangtze River mainstream,Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake have steadily rising sizes and expanding distributions in 2017-2021.Parts of them migrate from one region to another with the seasons,which would result in the fluctuation of Yangtze finless porpoise population within some regions.The conventional indicators of water quality in the Yangtze River system were good and conformed to the water quality criteria of fishery in 2017-2021.In the last 40 years,the maximum surface water area in the Yangtze River basin extended to approximately 63,360 km2,the minimum surface water area covered approximately 26,396 km2,and the seasonal water-level fluctuation areas occupied approximately 36,964 km2.Compared with 1984-2000 period,the 2001-2020 period witnessed an overall decreasing trend in the frequency of surface water occurrence within about 25,869 km2 of aquatic areas.From 1984 to 2000 period to 2001-2020 period,permanent surface water has decreased by nearly 8,750 km2.In 2017,the fishermen were mainly 40-60 years old and their educational levels were mainly lower than junior high school.In 2017,most anglers were older than 40 and used hand rod and/or sea rod.Their average catch of each time was mainly less than 1 kg.Results suggested that the fishing ban in key waters of the Yangtze River basin is not only an ecological project of aquatic ecosystem conservation,but also a livelihood project for the fisherman to embrace industrial transformation and improve their living conditions.After the implementation of the fishing ban,the fisheries resources would gradually recover,and the Yangtze finless porpoise population size would also see a steady increase.However,the endangered species would remain threatened for a long time.The degraded waterbodies and water-level fluctuation areas would be the key restrictive factors for future aquatic ecosystem recovery in the Yangtze River basin.Since this survey was carried out before the fishing ban,the current results could provide a baseline for future evaluation of the effect of the Yangtze River fishing ban.

ROS-responsive nanoparticles targeting inflamed colon for synergistic therapy of inflammatory bowel disease via barrier repair and anti-inflammation

The destruction of the intestinal barrier is likely to cause an increase in intestinal permeability and cause pathological damage.Numerous studies have demonstrated that intestinal barrier function plays an important role in the occurrence and development of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD).Oral administration is the most common route for intestinal diseases.In this study,a synergistic strategy is proposed for IBD management through active barrier repair combined with anti-inflammatory treatment,which can interrupt the pathological process of IBD,resulting in the significantly improved efficacy of existing treatments.Based on the specific pH values and high reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in inflammatory sites of IBD,an orally administrated ROS-responsive drug delivery system targeting inflamed colon has been designed,and confirmed in vitro and in vivo.The anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone acetate(Dex)and the barrier function regulator LY294002 are delivered by the synthesized nanocarrier to treat IBD synergistically by inhibiting inflammation and actively repairing the intestinal barrier through tight junctions(TJs).The accumulation of nanocarriers in the inflamed colon and synergistic efficacy has been validated in mice with colitis.In brief,a drug delivery system and a therapeutic strategy for IBD are successfully developed.

Programmable silicon-photonic quantum simulator based on a linear combination of unitaries

Simulating the dynamic evolution of physical and molecular systems in a quantum computer is of fundamental interest in many applications.The implementation of dynamics simulation requires efficient quantum algorithms.The Lie-Trotter-Suzuki approximation algorithm,also known as the Trotterization,is basic in Hamiltonian dynamics simulation.A multi-product algorithm that is a linear combination of multiple Trotterizations has been proposed to improve the approximation accuracy.However,implementing such multiproduct Trotterization in quantum computers remains challenging due to the requirements of highly controllable and precise quantum entangling operations with high success probability.Here,we report a programmable integrated-photonic quantum simulator based on a linear combination of unitaries,which can be tailored for implementing the linearly combined multiple Trotterizations,and on the simulator we benchmark quantum simulation of Hamiltonian dynamics.We modify the multi-product algorithm by integrating it with oblivious amplitude amplification to simultaneously reach high simulation precision and high success probability.The quantum simulator is devised and fabricated on a large-scale silicon-photonic quantum chip,which allows the initialization,manipulation,and measurement of arbitrary four-qubit states and linearly combined unitary gates.As an example,the quantum simulator is reprogrammed to emulate the dynamics of an electron spin and nuclear spin coupled system.This work promises the practical dynamics simulations of real-world physical and molecular systems in future large-scale quantum computers.