Analysis of the joint detection capability of the SMILE satellite and EISCAT-3D radar

The Solar wind Magnetosphere Ionosphere Link Explorer(SMILE)satellite is a small magnetosphere–ionosphere link explorer developed cooperatively between China and Europe.It pioneers the use of X-ray imaging technology to perform large-scale imaging of the Earth’s magnetosheath and polar cusp regions.It uses a high-precision ultraviolet imager to image the overall configuration of the aurora and monitor changes in the source of solar wind in real time,using in situ detection instruments to improve human understanding of the relationship between solar activity and changes in the Earth’s magnetic field.The SMILE satellite is scheduled to launch in 2025.The European Incoherent Scatter Sciences Association(EISCAT)-3D radar is a new generation of European incoherent scatter radar constructed by EISCAT and is the most advanced ground-based ionospheric experimental device in the high-latitude polar region.It has multibeam and multidirectional quasi-real-time three-dimensional(3D)imaging capabilities,continuous monitoring and operation capabilities,and multiple-baseline interferometry capabilities.Joint detection by the SMILE satellite and the EISCAT-3D radar is of great significance for revealing the coupling process of the solar wind–magnetosphere–ionosphere.Therefore,we performed an analysis of the joint detection capability of the SMILE satellite and EISCAT-3D,analyzed the period during which the two can perform joint detection,and defined the key scientific problems that can be solved by joint detection.In addition,we developed Web-based software to search for and visualize the joint detection period of the SMILE satellite and EISCAT-3D radar,which lays the foundation for subsequent joint detection experiments and scientific research.

Monascus vinegar alleviates high-fat-diet-induced inflammation in rats by regulating the NF-κB and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways

Monascus vinegar(MV) is a typical fermented food with various health-promoting effects. This study aimed to evaluate the role of MV in alleviating high-fat-diet-induced inflammation in rats with hyperlipidemia and elucidate the possible regulatory mechanisms. In the study, serum lipid profiles, liver pathology and liver inflammatory cytokines were analyzed in hyperlipidemia rats with MV(0.5 mL/kg mb, 2 mL/kg mb). Results showed that the administration of MV alleviated dyslipidemia by decreasing the serum and liver levels of triglyceride and total cholesterol. Increase in hepatic lipase and carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1(CPT-1)levels and decrease in hepatocyte steatosis, nephritis, and intestinal tissue injury in the HD group showed that high-dose MV can significantly suppress hepatic lipid accumulation and steatosis. In addition, compared with the model(MOD) group, the HD group showed significantly down-regulated the level of serum or hepatic alanine aminotransferase(ALT), aspartate aminotransferase(AST), CPT-1, interleukin(IL)-2, IL-6, IL-12,and tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α). Moreover, the HD group showed repressed hepatic nuclear factor κB(NF-κB) pathway and inactivated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) pathway mitigated liver inflammation. Similar results were obtained from cell experiments. Collectively, these findings revealed that MV might attenuate high-fat-diet-induced inflammation by inhibiting the NF-κB and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways.

Corrigendum to:“Spectrum-tailored random fiber laser towards ICF laser facility”[Matter and Radiation at Extremes 8,025902(2023)]

The third paragraph in Sec.IV REGENERATIVE AMPLIFICATION erroneously states“In other words,the distribution of spectral components is time-dependent,and the spectral distortion in the amplification process will not change the time-domain shape.”

新农科背景下课程思政在民族地区农林高校化学教学中的挑战与实践

以新疆农业大学化学教学为例,秉承我校“理论联系实际,教学结合生产”的办学方针,针对边疆地区的特色和学情,提出以教师为主导推进化学课程思政建设的方法并加以实践,进而为培养知农爱农的新时代高级农林人才提供参考。

Supercontinuum fiber laser-based coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering microscopy for label-free chemical imaging

Coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering(CA RS)microscopy can resolve the chemical compo-nents and distribution of living biological systems in a label-firee manner and is favored in several disciplines.Current CA RS microscopes typically use bulky,high-performance solid-state lasers,which are expensive and sensitive to environmental changes.With their relatively low cost and environmental sensitivity,supercontinum fiber(SF)lasers with a small footprint have found increasing use in biomedical applications.Upon these features,in this paper,we homebuilt a low-cost CARS microscope based on a SF laser module(scCA RS microscope).This SF laser module is specially customized by adding a time synchronized seed source channel to the SF laser to form a dual-channel output laser.The performance of the scCARS microscope is evaluated with dimethyl sulfoxide,whose results confirm a spatial resolution of better than 500nm and a detection sensitivity of millimolar concentrations.The dual-color imaging capability is further demonstrated by imaging different species of mixed microspheres.We finally explore the potential of our scCARS microscope by mapping lipid droplets in different cancer cells and corneal stromal lenses.

DNA: From Carrier of Genetic Information to Polymeric Materials

Research has shown that the DNA molecule can not only store genetic information but also serve as a polymeric biomolecule for the fabrication of functional materials. The unique precise molecular recognition capability and sequence programmability, combined with its good biocompatibility and biodegradability, impart the DNA molecule considerable potential for use in the construction of multifunctional materials. Depending on the composition, DNA-based materials have been generally categorized into pure DNA materials that are entirely composed of DNA and hybrid DNA materials that are composed of DNA and other functional compositions. Recently, we have developed a series of DNA-based materials that can be applied in diagnosis and therapy, and this review summarizes the relative work. Although challenges still exist regarding the real applications of DNA-based materials such as the high cost of DNA, the difficulty in scale-up, and the low resistance to nuclease, we believe that these drawbacks will be overcome with the development of technology, and new opportunities will emerge in the fi eld of diagnosis and treatment.

Spectrum-tailored random fiber laser towards ICF laser facility

Broadband low-coherence light is considered to be an effective way to suppress laser plasma instability.Recent studies have demonstrated the ability of low-coherence laser facilities to reduce back-scattering during beam–target coupling.However,to ensure simultaneous low coherence and high energy,complex spectral modulation methods and amplification routes have to be adopted.In this work,we propose the use of a random fiber laser(RFL)as the seed source.The spectral features of this RFL can be carefully tailored to provide a good match with the gain characteristics of the laser amplification medium,thus enabling efficient amplification while maintaining low coherence.First,a theoretical model is constructed to give a comprehensive description of the output characteristics of the spectrum-tailored RFL,after which the designed RFL is experimentally realized as a seed source.Through precise pulse shaping and efficient regenerative amplification,a shaped random laser pulse output of 28 mJ is obtained,which is the first random laser system with megawatt-class peak power that is able to achieve low coherence and efficient spectrum-conformal regenerative amplification.

Ternary deep eutectic solvents catalyzed D-glucosamine self-condensation to deoxyfructosazine: NMR study

Ternary deep eutectic solvents(TDESs) comprising choline chloride(Ch Cl), glycerol and L-arginine were synthesized as catalysts and solvents for the conversion of D-glucosamine(GlcNH_(2)) into deoxyfructosazine(DOF). The interactions between these three components in the prepared TDESs were studied by ^(1)H-,^(35)Cl-NMR spectra and ^(1)H diffusion-ordered spectroscopy(DOSY) measurements. The chemical shift changes of active hydrogen in the ^(1)H-NMR spectra of TDES system and widening of signals in the^(35)Cl-NMR spectra confirmed the hydrogen bonding interaction between the components, which was further supported by the decrease of diffusion coefficients(D) of the TDES components according to ^(1)H DOSY measurements. The influences of reaction temperature and L-arginine content in the TDESs on the yield of DOF were also studied. The experimental results have shown that when the molar ratio of Ch Cl, glycerol, and L-arginine was 1:2:0.1, DOF was the major product with a yield of 22.6% at 90℃ for 120 min. The chemical shift titration indicated that the carboxyl group of L-arginine in the TDES is the catalytical active site, so the mechanism of the catalytic reaction between Glc NH_(2) and the TDES was proposed. Moreover, a reaction intermediate, dihydrofructosazine, was identified in the self-condensation reaction of Glc NH_(2) by an in situ ^(1)H NMR technique.

Responses of Drought-Resistant Mutant vem1 to Stress and Cloning of VEM1 Gene in Arabidopsis

[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate the responses of drought-resistant mutant veml to stress and clone VEM1 gene in Arabidopsis. [ Method] A drought-resistant mutant veml was isolated from the Arabidops/s mutant pool. The germination rates of wild-type （WT） and mutant veml were detected to investigate the responses of mutant veml to mannitol, NaCl and ABA stress. [ Result] The mutant veml was resistant to mannitol and NaC1 stress but sensitive to ABA stress. VEM1 gene was cloned by Tail-PCR technology and sequenced. The sequencing result was submitted to NCBI for sequence alignment and gene mapping using BLAST. Database analysis suggested that VEM1 gene was a transposable clement gene. [ Conclusion] This study laid the foundation for functional analysis of drought-resistant gene VEM1.

Mechanism and Research Progress of Fuyang Huoxue Jiedu Formula against Recurrence of Ulcerative Colitis

By introducing the composition and modern pharmacology of Fuyang Huoxue Jiedu Formula,the paper further explored the mechanism and research progress of Fuyang Huoxue Jiedu Formula against recurrence of ulcerative colitis(UC).The formula can effectively improve the TCM syndromes of UC patients,reduce the recurrence rate,and improve clinical efficacy and patients’quality of life.

Research Progress on Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis with Baitouweng Decoction

The research literature,including the overview,clinical research and experimental research,about the treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC)with Pulsatilla Decoction was reviewed in this paper in order to provide reference for its development and application.

Analysis on the Law of Chinese Medicine Use of Ulcerative Colitis and TCM Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment

Ulcerative colitis is a kind of inflammatory bowel disease.The disease is slow and easy to relapse.Western medicine treatment mainly focuses on symptomatic treatment,which has certain side effects on liver and kidney function.Ulcerative colitis has unique advantages in disease,so by studying a large amount of information,mainly from the law of traditional Chinese medicine use of UC,and a brief summary of the treatment of TCM syndromes,this article provide s ideas and basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment of the disease.

Full bandwidth statistical properties of the Raman random fiber laser

The Raman random fiber laser (RRFL) is a typical complex physical system due to the intrinsic random feedback of the fiber,which causes complexity in the RRFL output. So far, the time-domain statistical attributes of the RRFL are still not fully characterized. In this paper, the temporal statistical properties of the RRFL are investigated comprehensively for the first time under the full bandwidth condition. First, the time-domain intensity statistical characteristics of the RRFL under the full bandwidth condition are theoretically studied: the results demonstrate that the intensity probability density function of the RRFL is related to the pump power and observing position and deviates inward from the exponential distribution, indicating that correlation exists between the different frequency components in the spectrum. Afterward, in the validation experiment, an elaborate structure is designed to realize a narrow-bandwidth 1053 nm RRFL, and its full bandwidth temporal intensity statistical features manifest an identical variation pattern to the simulation results. This work fills a vacancy in the study of RRFL temporal statistical features and rigorously reveals the different physical mechanisms between RRFL and amplified spontaneous emission light sources, providing instructions for the application of the RRFL.

Replica symmetry breaking in 1D Rayleigh scattering system:theory and validations

Spin glass theory,as a paradigm for describing disordered magnetic systems,constitutes a prominent subject of study within statistical physics.Replica symmetry breaking(RSB),as one of the pivotal concepts for the understanding of spin glass theory,means that under identical conditions,disordered systems can yield distinct states with nontrivial correlations.Random fiber laser(RFL)based on Rayleigh scattering(RS)is a complex disordered system,owing to the disorder and stochasticity of RS.In this work,for the first time,a precise theoretical model is elaborated for studying the photonic phase transition via the platform of RS-based RFL,in which we clearly reveal that,apart from the pump power,the photon phase variation in RFL is also an analogy to the temperature term in spin-glass phase transition,leading to a novel insight into the intrinsic mechanisms of photonic phase transition.In addition,based on this model and real-time high-fidelity detection spectral evolution,we theoretically predict and experimentally observe the mode-asymmetric characteristics of photonic phase transition in RS-based RFL.This finding contributes to a deeper understanding of the photonic RSB regime and the dynamics of RS-based RFL.

蜡状芽孢杆菌S458-1对水产养殖系统中水质调节的作用

【目的】水产养殖过程中蜡状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)作为益生菌被广泛应用。本研究旨在深入了解分离于养殖水体中的一株蜡状芽孢杆菌S458-1对养殖水体以及养殖对象的影响,以期为菌株S458-1在水产养殖生产上的应用提供理论依据。【方法】根据控制变量法,各试验组鲫鱼养殖模式设置相同温度、盐度、溶氧和pH,利用分光光度法测定水体的水化学指标;利用试剂盒法测定鲫鱼的血清生理生化指标。【结果】添加菌株S458-1处理组(终浓度分别为106、107、108CFU/mL)与对照组(未加S458-1菌)相比:水体活性磷浓度显著性增加(P<0.05);同时具有把NH4+-N和NO2–-N转化为NO3–-N的趋势,但无显著性差异(P>0.05);养殖鲫鱼血清检测结果显示谷草转氨酶(GOT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)以及丙二醛(MDA)含量均显著降低(P<0.05)。【结论】蜡状芽孢杆菌S458-1具有脱氮解磷、调节水质的作用,并可增强养殖对象的生理健康状态,可作为益生菌应用于水产养殖中,具有较高的应用价值。

A cell wall-localized NLR confers resistance to Soybean mosaic virus by recognizing viral-encoded cylindrical inclusion protein.

Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) causes severe yield losses and seed quality reduction in soybean (Glycine max) production worldwide. Rsc4 from cultivar Dabaima is a dominant genetic locus for SMV resistance, and its mapping interval contains three Nucleotide-binding domain Leucine-rich Repeat containing (NLR) candidates (Rsc4-1, Rsc4-2, and Rsc4-3). The NLR-type resistant proteins were considered as important intracellular pathogen sensors in the previous studies. In this research, based on transient expression assay in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves, we found that the longest transcript of Rsc4-3 is sufficient to induce resistance response to SMV;and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated Rsc4-3 knockout in resistant cultivar Dabaima compromised the resistance. These indicate that Rsc4-3 confers resistance to SMV. Interestingly, Rsc4-3 encodes a cell wall localized NLR-type resistant protein (Rsc4-3). The internal polypeptide region responsible for apoplastic targeting of Rsc4-3 and the putative palmitoylation sites on the N-terminus are essential for the resistance response. Furthermore, we showed that viral-encoded cylindrical inclusion (CI) protein partially localizes to the cell wall and can interact with Rsc4-3. Virus-driven or transient expression of CI protein of avirulent SMV strains is enough to induce resistance response in the presence of Rsc4-3, suggesting that CI is the avirulent gene for Rsc4-3 mediated resistance. Our work exhibited a case of NLR recognizing virus in the apoplast and provided a simple and effective method for identifying resistant genes against SMV infection.

Long-term clinical observation of patients with acute and chronic complete spinal cord injury after transplantation of Neuro Regen scaffold

Spinal cord injury(SCI)often results in an inhibitory environment at the injury site.In our previous studies,transplantation of a scaffold combined with stem cells was proven to induce neural regeneration in animal models of complete SCI.Based on these preclinical studies,collagen scaffolds loaded with the patients’own bone marrow mononuclear cells or human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were transplanted into SCI patients.Fifteen patients with acute complete SCI and 51 patients with chronic complete SCI were enrolled and followed up for 2 to 5 years.No serious adverse events related to functional scaffold transplantation were observed.Among the patients with acute SCI,five patients achieved expansion of their sensory positions and six patients recovered sensation in the bowel or bladder.Additionally,four patients regained voluntary walking ability accompanied by reconnection of neural signal transduction.Among patients with chronic SCI,16 patients achieved expansion of their sensation level and 30 patients experienced enhanced reflexive defecation sensation or increased skin sweating below the injury site.Nearly half of the patients with chronic cervical SCI developed enhanced finger activity.These long-term follow-up results suggest that functional scaffold transplantation may represent a feasible treatment for patients with complete SCI.

Preparation and Characterization of High Content Paraffin Wax Microcapsules and Micro/Nanocapsules with Poly Methyl Methacrylate Shell by Suspension-Like Polymerization

The suspension-like polymerization method is used to obtain poly methyl methacrylate （PMMA）/paraffin wax microcapsules and micro/nanocapsules with high core content. Particle size distribution （PSD） analysis indicates that the average particle size of microcapsules is 94 μm, and the size of micro/nanocapsules ranges in 0.1-19 μm. Differential scanning calorimetry （DSC） and thermalgravimetric analysis （TGA） results show that the fabricated paraffin contents in microcapsules and micro/nanocapsules are as high as 89.5 wt% and 80~2 wt%, respectively with good thermal stability. Thermal cycling tests justify that both the microcapsules and micro/nanocapsules have good thermal reliability with respect to the changes in their thermal properties after 1000 thermal cycling. This work pro- vides a novel method to prepare microcapsules and micro/nanocapsules with high core content which may benefit further study on thermal energy storage.

Epidemiological Characteristics of Visceral Leishmaniasis—Shanxi Province,China,1950–2019

Summary What is already known about this topic?Visceral leishmaniasis(VL)is the most serious form of leishmaniasis.In recent years,reported cases of VL have been gradually increasing in Shanxi Province,China.What is added by this report?The report describes the epidemiology of VL from 1950 to 2019 in Shanxi Province and the recent trend of VL reemergence.What are the implications for public health practice?Measures to prevent and control VL,such as health education,improving clinical diagnostics,strengthening epidemiological investigation capacity for VL cases,monitoring surveillance,and use of other evidence-based preventive measures,should be undertaken in Shanxi Province.

Mitochondrial protein IF1 is a potential regulator of glucagon-like peptide(GLP-1) secretion function of the mouse intestine

IF1(ATPIF1) is a nuclear DNA-encoded mitochondrial protein whose activity is inhibition of the F1Fo-ATP synthase to control ATP production.IF1 activity remains unknown in the regulation of GLP-1 activity.In this study,IF1 was examined in the diet-induced obese mice using the gene knockout(If1-KO) mice.The mice gained more body weight on a high fat diet without a change in food intake.Insulin tolerance was impaired,but the oral glucose tolerance was improved through an increase in GLP-1 secretion.The KO mice exhibited an improved intestine structure,mitochondrial superstructure,enhanced mitophagy,reduced apoptosis and decreased adenine nucleotide translocase 2(ANT2) protein in the intestinal epithelial cells together with preserved gut microbiota.The data suggest that GLP-1 secretion was enhanced in the obese If1-KO mice to preserve glucose tolerance through a signaling pathway of ANT2/mitochondria/L-cells/GLP-1/insulin.IF1 is a potential mitochondrial target for induction of GLP-1 secretion in L-cells.