Association of alcohol consumption with aortic aneurysm and dissection risk:results from the UK Biobank cohort study

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have reported inconsistent results with positive,negative,and J-shaped associations between alcohol consumption and the hazard of aortic aneurysm and dissection(AAD).This study aimed to examine the connections between weekly alcohol consumption and the subsequent risk of AAD.METHODS:The UK Biobank study is a population-based cohort study.Weekly alcohol consumption was assessed using self-reported questionnaires and the congenital risk of alcohol consumption was also evaluated using genetic risk score(GRS).Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios(HRs)with 95% confidence intervals(CIs)for the associations between alcohol consumption and AAD.Several sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the robustness of the results.RESULTS:Among the 388,955 participants(mean age:57.1 years,47.4% male),2,895 incident AAD cases were documented during a median follow-up of 12.5 years.Compared with never-drinkers,moderate drinkers(adjusted HR:0.797,95%CI:0.646-0.984,P<0.05)and moderate-heavy drinkers(adjusted HR:0.794,95%CI:0.635-0.992,P<0.05)were significantly associated with a decreased risk of incident AAD.Interaction-based subgroup analysis revealed that the protective effect of moderate drinking was reflected mainly in participants younger than 65 years and women.CONCLUSION:Our findings support a protective effect of moderate alcohol consumption on AAD,but are limited to participants younger than 65 years and women.

Direct somatic embryogenesis and related gene expression networks in leaf explants of Hippeastrum ‘Bangkok Rose’

Hippeastrum, a highly diverse genus in the Amaryllidaceae family, is a valuable ornamental bulbous flowering plant. Somatic embryogenesis(SE) is an efficient method for mass production of Hippeastrum plantlets. Previous studies have been devoted to the in vitro propagation of Hippeastrum, but the SE and its regulatory networks are rarely reported. In this study, we established a direct SE method of Hippeastrum Bangkok Rose' using leaf bases as explants. MS supplemented with 1.00 mg·L^(-1)NAA +1.00 mg·L^(-1)KT + 0.25 mg·L^(-1)TDZ was the optimal medium for SE. Histological observations showed that the bipolar somatic embryo originated from the epidermal cell layer and underwent initiation,globular, scutellar and coleoptile stages. During SE, endogenous hormones of IAA, CTK, ABA, and SA were highly accumulated. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the genes encoding auxin biosynthesis/metabolic enzymes and efflux carriers were induced, while the auxin receptor of TIR1 and ARF transcriptional repressor of Aux/IAA were down-regulated and up-regulated, respectively, leading to suppression of auxin signaling. In contrast, cytokine signaling was promoted at the early stage of SE, as biosynthesis, transport, and signaling components were up-regulated.Various stress-related genes were up-regulated at the early or late stages of SE. Chromatin remodeling could also be dynamically regulated via distinct expression enzymes that control histone methylation and acetylation during SE. Moreover, key SE regulators, including WOXs and SERKs were highly expressed along with SE. Overall, the present study provides insights into the SE regulatory mechanisms of the Hippeastrum.

Adaptive Predefined-Time Backstepping Control for Grid Connected Photovoltaic Inverter

The system performance of grid-connected photovoltaic(PV)has a serious impact on the grid stability.To improve the control performance and shorten the convergence time,a predefined-time controller based on backstepping technology and dynamic surface control is formulated for the inverter in the grid-connected photovoltaic.The time-varying tuning functions are introduced into state-tracking errors to realize the predefined-time control effect.To address the“computational explosion problem”in the design process of backstepping control,dynamic surface control is adopted to avoid the analytical calculations of virtual control.The disturbances of the PV system are estimated and compensated by adaptive laws.The control parameters are chosen and the global stability of the closed-loop is ensured by Lyapunov conditions.Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed controller and ensure the predefined time control in the photovoltaic inverter.

Research on Flight First Service Model and Algorithms for the Gate Assignment Problem

Aiming at the problem of gate allocation of transit flights,a flight first service model is established.Under the constraints of maximizing the utilization rate of gates and minimizing the transit time,the idea of“first flight serving first”is used to allocate the first time,and then the hybrid algorithm of artificial fish swarm and simulated annealing is used to find the optimal solution.That means the fish swarm algorithm with the swallowing behavior is employed to find the optimal solution quickly,and the simulated annealing algorithm is used to obtain a global optimal allocation scheme for the optimal local region.The experimental data show that the maximum utilization of the gate is 27.81%higher than that of the“first come first serve”method when the apron is not limited,and the hybrid algorithm has fewer iterations than the simulated annealing algorithm alone,with the overall passenger transfer tension reducing by 1.615;the hybrid algorithm has faster convergence and better performance than the artificial fish swarm algorithm alone.The experimental results indicate that the hybrid algorithm of fish swarm and simulated annealing can achieve higher utilization rate of gates and lower passenger transfer tension under the idea of“first flight serving first”.

Transgenic expression of TaTLP1, a thaumatin-like protein gene, reduces susceptibility to common root rot and leaf rust in wheat

Thaumatin-like protein (TLP) plays an important role in combating plant pathogen infection.Common root rot caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana and leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina (Pt) are major fungal diseases in wheat.The disease responses of TaTLP1-overexpressing transgenic lines (TaTLP1-OE) were evaluated after inoculation with each pathogen.The TaTLP1-OE lines had no apparent differences in tiller number and 1000-kernel weight from the wild type Jinan Wheat No.1 (JW1),whereas resistance to leaf rust and common root rot was improved,resulting from activated peroxidase and b-1,3-glucanase after B.sorokiniana infection,and reactive oxygen species-related genes were upregulated in Ta TLP1-OE lines after Pt infection.These results indicated that stable expression of TaTLP1 increased resistance against both diseases.

Visible-light-induced hydrogenation of biomass-based aldehydes by graphitic carbon nitride supported metal catalysts

The plasmonic photocatalyst of Pd supported on graphitic carbon nitride(Pd/g-C3N4)exhibits excellent catalytic activity in photo-induced hydrogenation of biomass-based aldehydes with environmental benign reagents of formic acid(HCOOH)as proton source and triethylamine(TEA)as sacrificial electron donator.The chemical and configurational properties of the Pd/g-C3N4 were systematically analyzed with XRD,TEM and XPS.Under optimized conditions,27%yield of furfuryl alcohol with the corresponding turnover frequency(TOF)around 3.72 h^(-1) were obtained from furfural and TEA-HCOOH under visible-light irradiation by using Pd/g-C3N4.Our research additionally reveals that Pd atom is the true catalytic active site for the hydrogenation and the photo-promoted reduction mainly occurs through noble metal nanoparticles(NPs)-induced effect of surface plasmon resonance(SPR).The photo-catalytic system of Pd/g-C3N4 thus demonstrates a green and effective method for the hydrogenation of biomass-based aldehydes with sustainable solar energy as a driven force.

检查井非开挖整体修复方法探究

检查井面临的环境十分恶劣,极易被引发各种缺陷,因此寻求快速有效的修复方法十分重要。非开挖修复技术以简便快捷、非开挖等优点为检查井修复领域开辟一个新的途径。该文主要针对非开挖整体修复的四种工艺展开研究,包括紫外光固化法、玻璃纤维整体贴片加固法、检查井预制内衬法和离心喷涂法等。在工程实践中对传统修复工艺进行了改进,并将修复2 年后效果进行了分析和评价。

A case study on the soil classification of the Yellow River Delta based on piezocone penetration test

Piezocone penetration test(CPTu),the preferred in-situ tool for submarine investigation,is significant for soil classification and soil depth profile prediction,which can be used to predict soil types and states.However,the accuracy of these methods needs to be validated for local conditions.To distinguish and evaluate the properties of the shallow surface sediments in Chengdao area of the Yellow River Delta,seabed CPTu tests were carried out at ten stations in this area.Nine soil classification methods based on CPTu data are applied for soil classification.The results of classification are compared with the in-situ sampling to determine whether the method can provide sufficient resolution.The methods presented by Robertson(based on soil behavior type index Ic),Olsen and Mitchell are the more consistent and compatible ones compared with other methods.Considering that silt soils have potential to liquefy under storm tide or other adverse conditions,this paper is able to screen soil classification methods suitable for the Chengdao area and help identify the areas where liquefaction or submarine landslide may occur through CPTu investigation.

A new generic reaction for modeling fluid catalytic cracking risers

A new generic reaction in the form of PC_i→PC_m+[i,m]→PC_m+λi,m coke+surplusage has been proposed for describing the catalytic cracking behavior of petroleum narrow cuts or pseudo-components(PCs),where the rate constant formula is derived from the transition state theory and the coking amount is correlated to the properties of the intermediate substance [i,m].In composing the cracking reaction network for feedstock and product oils,only the product PC m of the proposed generic reaction is used,which together with a criterion for excluding exothermic reactions,distinctly reduces the number of reactions in the network.With the proposed cracking reaction scheme coupled with special pseudo-components,a predictive one-dimensional steady state model for fluid catalytic cracking risers is formulated in the sense that for a given riser and given catalyst,the model parameters are independent of stock oils,product schemes and other operational conditions.The great correlating and predicting capability of the resulted model is tested with production data in different scenarios of four commercial risers.

The Influence of Watching TV Talent Show on Teenagers Socialization From Marcuse’s Thought of“One Dimensional Person”

Based on Marcuse’s thought of“one-dimensional person”,this paper discusses the influence of TV talent show on teenagers’socialization.By analyzing the characteristics of TV talent shows that emphasize individual competition and success,appearance and image,and instant satisfaction,it is pointed out that these characteristics are easy for teenagers to produce the mentality of pursuing fame and fortune,appearance,and instant satisfaction,ignoring the development of other important values and qualities.Therefore,we need to guide teenagers to maintain a critical attitude toward TV talent shows,and pay attention to cultivating their independent thinking and all-round development.

基于张量低管道秩的图像多分类模型

传统机器学习方法在对高阶张量数据进行分类时,往往将其转化为低阶格式,由此会产生过拟合问题并且破坏张量的结构。针对上述问题提出一种基于张量低管道秩的多分类模型(LRTMLR)。该模型可以直接对张量格式的图像进行分类,使用由张量–张量积诱导的张量管道秩及相应的张量核范数来处理低秩张量,更好地利用张量结构特点,提高张量格式图像的多分类准确性。在三分类仿真数据集上,LRTMLR的分类准确率较无结构信息(MLR)、带矩阵结构信息(LRMLR)的方法均提升9.6个百分点,在五分类仿真数据集上则分别提升23.2和25.2个百分点。在加州理工大学的101类彩色图像识别数据集的三分类、五分类和十四分类子集上,LRTMLR的分类准确率较MLR分别提升了10.01、25.61和40.78个百分点,较LRMLR分别提升了10.68、25.61和40.78个百分点,与基于CP分解的方法(MCPLR)相比提高了6.47、13.37和27.73个百分点,与基于Tucker分解的方法(MTuLR)相比提高了1.79、12.38和13.71个百分点。并在消融实验中证明了创新的有效性。

Mettl3依赖的m^(6)A甲基化调控CD8^(+)T细胞效应分化和记忆形成

Efficient immune responses rely on the proper differentiation of CD8^(+)T cells into effector and memory cells.Here,we show a critical requirement of N^6-Methyladenosine(m^(6)A)methyltransferase Mettl3 during CD8^(+)T cell responses upon acute viral infection.Conditional deletion of Mettl3 in CD8^(+)T cells impairs effector expansion and terminal differentiation in an m^(6)A-dependent manner,subsequently affecting memory formation and the secondary response of CD8^(+)T cells.Our combined RNA-seq and m^(6)AmiCLIP-seq analyses reveal that Mettl3 deficiency broadly impacts the expression of cell cycle and transcriptional regulators.Remarkably,Mettl3 binds to the Tbx21 transcript and stabilizes it,promoting effector differentiation of CD8^(+)T cells.Moreover,ectopic expression of T-bet partially restores the defects in CD8^(+)T cell differentiation in the absence of Mettl3.Thus,our study highlights the role of Mettl3 in regulating multiple target genes in an m^(6)A-dependent manner and underscores the importance of m^(6)A modification during CD8^(+)T cell response.

带有错误标签的张量数据的稳健多分类模型

传统机器学习方法大多都是基于正确标签的训练数据进行监督学习,但实际观测到的训练数据标签极可能受到污染,而错误标签的存在会导致传统模型产生有偏估计。现存的关于错误标签的稳健模型往往基于向量数据进行分类,面对存在错误标签的高阶张量数据时只能将其转化为低阶格式,由此产生过拟合问题且破坏张量结构。针对上述问题提出一种稳健的张量多分类模型(RMLTMLR),基于最小γ-散度估计、张量管道秩及相应的核范数来处理带有错误标签的低秩张量,在利用张量结构特点的同时使模型对污染标签具有稳健性,提高多分类准确率。进行的大量实验表明RMLTMLR模型在不同类别和污染程度的张量数据上有着优良的分类效果,与非稳健的模型相比,分类准确率显著提升。

Analyzing the contribution of helmet components to underwash effect under blast load

Helmets exacerbate head injuries to some degree under blast load,which has been recently researched and referred to as the underwash effect.Various studies indicate that the underwash effect is attributed to either wave interaction or wave-structure interaction.Despite ongoing investigations,there is no consensus on the explanations and verification of proposed mechanisms.This study conducts experiments and numerical simulations to investigate the underwash effect,resulting from the interaction among blast load,helmets,and head models.The analysis of overpressure in experiments and simulations,with the developed simplified models that ignore unimportant geometric details,reveals that the underwash effect arises from the combined action of wave interaction and wave-structure interaction.Initially reflected in front of the head,the blast load converges at the rear after diffraction,forming a high-pressure zone.Decoupling the helmet components demonstrates that the pads alleviate rear overpressure through array hindrance of the load,resulting in a potential reduction of up to 36%in the rear overpressure peak.The helmet shell exacerbates the rear overpressure peak through geometric restriction of the load after diffraction,leading to a remarkable 388%increase in rear overpressure.The prevailing impact of the geometric restriction imposed by the shell of the helmet leads to a significant 57%increase in overpressure when employing a complete helmet.

数字化转型与制造业企业ESG表现——基于沪深A股上市公司的实证检验

制造业的数字化转型是其实现可持续发展的关键手段,与此同时ESG表现作为企业可持续发展的重要评价标准之一,近年来受到了愈发广泛的关注。本文以2010~2021年中国沪深A股制造业上市公司的面板数据为研究样本,实证检验了制造业企业数字化转型对ESG表现的影响程度。研究发现数字化转型能够显著提升制造业企业ESG表现,这一结果为制造业企业如何在当前数字化时代下提升其环境、社会与治理责任表现,更好地制定战略以期实现可持续发展提供了理论支撑和实证基础。

乳腺外科研究生教学面临的挑战与应对策略

伴随着临床诊疗技术的飞速提升及亟需的科研需求,以乳腺外科研究生为代表的高等专科人才培养面临着诸多挑战。本研究提出将线上和线下相结合的方式、循证医学指南、加强美学观念与人文素养等策略纳入乳腺外科教学体系中,进而改良教学观念与教学模式。通过直观的信息化教学手段及临床案例分析,培养学生自主学习能力、思考能力。从优化教学模式、提升科研水平、培养综合能力出众兼具医学人文素养的乳腺外科医生等方面进行了展望。

Detailed modeling of aluminum particle combustion——From single particles to cloud combustion in Bunsen flames

A numerical model for aluminum cloud combustion which includes the effects of interphase heat transfer,phase change,heterogeneous surface reactions,homogeneous combustion,oxide cap growth and radiation within the Euler–Lagrange framework is proposed.The model is validated in single particle configurations with varying particle diameters.The combustion process of a single aluminum particle is analyzed in detail and the particle consumption rates as well as the heat release rates due to the various physical/chemical sub-models are presented.The combustion time of single aluminum particles predicted by the model are in very good agreement with empirical correlations for particles with diameters larger than 10μm.The prediction error for smaller particles is noticeably reduced when using a heat transfer model that is capable of capturing the transition regime between continuum mechanics and molecular dynamics.The predictive capabilities of the proposed model framework are further evaluated by simulating the aluminum/air Bunsen flames of Mc Gill University for the first time.Results show that the predicted temperature distribution of the flame is consistent with the experimental data and the double-front structure of the Bunsen flame is reproduced well.The burning rates of aluminum in both single particle and particle cloud configurations are calculated and compared with empirical correlations.Results show that the burning rates obtained from the present model are more reasonable,while the correlations,when embedded in the Euler–Lagrange context,tend to underestimate the burning rate in the combustion stage,particularly for the considered fuel-rich flames.

Microwave assisted hydrothermal synthesis of tin niobates nanosheets with high cycle stability as lithium-ion battery anodes

In this study, SnNb_2O_6 and Sn_2Nb_2O_7 nanosheets are synthetized via microwave assisted hydrothermal method, and innovatively employed as anode materials for lithium-ion battery. The SnNb_2O_6 electrode exhibits high reversible capacity and excellent cycling stability(498 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g after 100 cycles),which is superior to that of Sn_2Nb_2O_7 electrode(173 mAh/g at 0.1 A/g after 100 cycles). Even increasing the current density to 2.0 A/g, the SnNb_2O_6 electrode still delivers a reversible capacity up to 306 mAh/g.The rate performance of the SnNb_2O_6 electrode is also better than that of Sn_2 Nb_2O_7 electrode at different current densities from 0.1 A/g to 2.0 A/g. The enhanced electrochemical performance of SnNb_2O_6 nanosheets can be attributed to the unique layered structure, which is conducive to the diffusion of the lithium ions and the migration of electrons during discharge/charge.

SAR performance-based fault diagnosis for electrohydraulic control system:A novel FDI framework for closed-loop system

Model-based fault diagnosis serves as an efficient and powerful technique in addressing fault detection and isolation(FDI)issues for control systems.However,the standard methods and their modifications still encounter some difficulties in algorithm design and application for complex higher-order systems.To avoid these difficulties,a novel fault diagnosis framework based on multiple performance indicators of closed-loop control system is proposed.Under this framework,a socalled performance residual vector is constructed to measure the differences between the real system and the nominal model in terms of system stability,accuracy,and rapidity(SAR)respectively.The criteria for quantification,normalization of the SAR residuals and the explicit mappings between the thresholds and the required performance are given.FDI can be easily achieved simultaneously by monitoring the normalized residual vector length and direction in the SAR performance residual space.A case study on electro-hydraulic servo control system of turbofan engine is adopted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Sensitivity-Enhanced Hot-Wire Anemometer by Using Cladding-Etched Fiber Bragg Grating

A sensitivity-enhanced hot-wire anemometer based on a cladding-etched optical fiber Bragg grating(FBG)coated with a layer of silver film and optically heated by using a 1480nm laser diode is demonstrated.The silver film absorbs the laser power to heat the FBG to a certain high temperature and the airflow cools down the FBG hot-wire with the cooling effect and hence the Bragg wavelength of the FBG is determined by the airflow velocity.Experimental measurement results show that the heating efficiency of the FBG hot wire is improved by 3.8times in magnitude by etching the fiber cladding from 125μm down to 73.4μm,and the achieved airflow velocity sensitivities,under a laser power of 200mW,are–3180pm/(m/s),–889pm/(m/s),–268pm/(m/s),and–8.7pm/(m/s)at different airflow velocities of 0.1m/s,0.5m/s,1.5m/s,and 17m/s,respectively.In comparison,the sensitivities are only–2193 pm/(m/s),–567 pm/(m/s),–161 pm/(m/s),and–4.9pm/(m/s)for the reference anemometer without cladding etching even at a much higher heating laser power of 530mW.These results prove that the method by using a cladding-etched FBG to improve sensitivity of FBG-based hot-wire anemometers works and the sensitivity is improved significantly.