Analysis on the causes of massive stranding of Yellow Sea green tide on Lianyungang and Rizhao coasts in 2022

In 2022,Yellow Sea green tide caused by Ulva prolifera reached a historic minimum and the coastal areas of Shandong Peninsula were less affected.However,the largest amount of seaweed biomass has been washed ashore on Lianyungang and Rizhao coasts since 2015.We studied the development pattern of Yellow Sea green tide in 2022,and analyzed the key environmental factors on the growth and drifting,then discussed the possible reasons that resulted in the massive stranding of green tide biomass in Lianyungang and Rizhao.Results show under the combined influence of the east to southeast winds and currents with shoreward anomalies,green tide drifted to the coastal waters between Shandong and Jiangsu provinces and the distribution areas located westward compared with previous years(2008–2021).Floating U.prolifera rafts from the coastal waters of Binhai and Sheyang drifted continuously into the coastal waters of Lianyungang and Rizhao,providing important supplements for Yellow Sea green tide.Because green tide in 2022 distributed close to the coastal waters,the abundant nutrients might support their continuous high growth rate.In addition,the amount of rainfall around Shandong Peninsula from late June to early July were significantly higher than in previous years,which might promote the development of green tide to some extent.

Broadband bidirectional Brillouin–Raman random fiber laser with ultra-narrow linewidth

We present a Brillouin–Raman random fiber laser(BRRFL)with full-open linear cavity structure to generate broadband Brillouin frequency comb(BFC)with double Brillouin-frequency-shift spacing.The incorporation of a regeneration portion consisting of an erbium-doped fiber and a single-mode fiber enables the generation of broadband BFC.The dynamics of broadband BFC generation changing with the pump power(EDF and Raman)and Brillouin pump(BP)wavelength are investigated in detail,respectively.Under suitable conditions,the bidirectional BRRFL proposed can produce a flatamplitude BFC with 40.7-nm bandwidth ranging from 1531 nm to 1571.7 nm,and built-in 242-order Brillouin Stokes lines(BSLs)with double Brillouin-frequency-shift spacing.Moreover,the linewidth of single BSL is experimentally measured to be about 2.5 kHz.The broadband bidirectional narrow-linewidth BRRFL has great potential applications in optical communication,optical sensing,spectral measurement,and so on.

Physical exercise reverses immuno-cold tumor microenvironment via inhibiting SQLE in non-small cell lung cancer

Dear Editor,Physical exercise has been shown to be associated with reduced cancer incidence and cancer-associated mortality[1,2],but the underlying mechanisms are obscure.Immunometabolic regulation has emerged as one of the most prominent mechanisms explaining the effects of exercise on cancer[1,2].Physical exercise primarily lowers blood cholesterol and triglycerides,and protects against cardiovascular diseases[3].However,whether physical exercise can modulate cholesterol metabolism in tumor cells is currently unknown.

Polo-like kinase 1 as a biomarker predicts the prognosis and immunotherapy of breast invasive carcinoma patients

Invasive breast carcinoma(BRCA)is associated with poor prognosis and high risk of mortality.Therefore,it is critical to identify novel biomarkers for the prognostic assessment of BRCA.Methods:The expression data of polo-like kinase 1(PLK1)in BRCA and the corresponding clinical information were extracted from TCGA and GEO databases.PLK1 expression was validated in diverse breast cancer cell lines by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)and western blotting.Single sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA)was performed to evaluate immune infiltration in the BRCA microenvironment,and the random forest(RF)and support vector machine(SVM)algorithms were used to screen for the hub infiltrating cells and calculate the immunophenoscore(IPS).The RF algorithm and COX regression model were applied to calculate survival risk scores based on the PLK1 expression and immune cell infiltration.Finally,a prognostic nomogram was constructed with the risk score and pathological stage,and its clinical potential was evaluated by plotting calibration charts and DCA curves.The application of the nomogram was further validated in an immunotherapy cohort.Results:PLK1 expression was significantly higher in the tumor samples in TCGA-BRCA cohort.Furthermore,PLK1 expression level,age and stage were identified as independent prognostic factors of BRCA.While the IPS was unaffected by PLK1 expression,the TMB and MATH scores were higher in the PLK1-high group,and the TIDE scores were higher for the PLK1-low patients.We also identified 6 immune cell types with high infiltration,along with 11 immune cell types with low infiltration in the PLK1-high tumors.A risk score was devised using PLK1 expression and hub immune cells,which predicted the prognosis of BRCA patients.In addition,a nomogram was constructed based on the risk score and pathological staging,and showed good predictive performance.Conclusions:PLK1 expression and immune cell infiltration can predict post-immunotherapy prognosis of BRCA patients.

基于需求导向的开放学生思想政治工作研究——以江苏开放大学为例

开放学生的需求日趋多样,在掌握开放学生需求的基础上,才能更好地开展开放学生思想政治工作。通过对1485名开放学生的问卷调查,建构开放学生的群体画像,并探寻其根本需求。在江苏开放大学思想政治工作经验总结的基础上,围绕创新开放教育思想政治工作进行分析探讨并提出相应对策,以期为优化开放大学的学员思想政治工作建言献策。

Strategies for Improving Diet Education for Children Under the Background of Building a Healthy China

Diet education can expand children’s life experience,cultivate good living habits,and develop their character,contributing to the construction of a healthy China.Developing diet education helps children improve their health awareness and enables them to form healthy eating behaviors and lifestyles,laying the foundation for their healthy growth and lifelong development.It is not just about disseminating nutrition knowledge but also involves the integration of health education,labor education,and family education through practical experiences.This study analyzes the importance of promoting diet education for children and proposes four promotion strategies that draw on families,schools,relevant departments,and social groups,as well as pilot projects.The application of these strategies will help enhance the effectiveness of diet education and enable children to form healthy eating habits and develop the basic ability to maintain their health.

Nanotechnology:A New Strategy for Lung Cancer Treatment Targeting Pro-Tumor Neutrophils

Primary and metastatic lung cancers are malignant lung tumors each with of which has a different pathogenesis,although both threaten patient lives.Tumor development and progression involve communication between tumor cells and the host microenvironment.Neutrophils are the most abundant immune cells in the tumor microenvironment(TME);they participate in the generation of an inflammatory milieu and influence patient survival through their anti-and pro-tumor abilities.Neutrophils can be classified into various categories according to different criteria;frequent categories include N1 antitumor neutrophils and N2 immunosuppressive neutrophils.The antitumor effects of neutrophils are reported to be mediated through a combination of reactive oxygen species,tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand,and receptor for advanced glycation end-products–cathepsin G association,as well as the regulation of the activities of other immune cells.There have also been reports that neutrophils can function as tumor promoters that contribute to lung cancer progression and metastasis by influencing processes including carcinogenesis,angiogenesis,cancer cell proliferation,and invasion ability,as well as having similar roles in the lung metastasis of other cancers.The rapid development of nanotechnology has provided new strategies for cancer treatment targeting neutrophils.

Bioinformatic identification of genes encoding C1q-domain-containing proteins in zebrafish

C1q is the first subcomponent of classical pathway in the complement system and a major link between innate and acquired immunities. The globular （gC1q） domain similar with C1q was also found in many non-complement C1q-domain-containing （C1qDC） proteins which have similar crystal structure to that of the multifunctional tumor necrosis factor （TNF） ligand family, and also have diverse functions. In this study, we identified a total of 52 independent gene sequences encoding C1q-domain-containing proteins through comprehensive searches of zebrafish genome, cDNA and EST databases. In comparison to 31 orthologous genes in human and different numbers in other species, a significant selective pressure was suggested during vertebrate evolution. Domain organization of C1q-domain-containing （C1qDC） proteins mainly includes a leading signal peptide, a collagen-like region of variable length, and a C-terminal C1q domain. There are 11 highly conserved residues within the C1q domain, among which 2 are invariant within the zebrafish gene set. A more extensive database searches also revealed homologous C1qDC proteins in other vertebrates, invertebrates and even bacterium, but no homologous sequences for encoding C1qDC proteins were found in many species that have a more recent evolutionary history with zebrafish. Therefore, further studies on C1q-domain-containing genes among different species will help us understand evolutionary mechanism of innate and acquired immunities.

延续性护理在Ⅰ型糖尿病患儿中的应用

目的探讨延续性护理在儿童1型糖尿病(T1DM)患儿中的应用效果。方法选择2018年5月至2019年1月本院收治的T1DM患儿40例作为研究对象,随机等分为观察组和对照组。对照组给予常规出院指导,观察组采用延续性护理干预。比较两组患儿低血糖发生率、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)情况。结果出院3,6个月后观察组低血糖平均周发生次数明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组出院3,6个月的HbA1c水平均明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论针对儿童T1DM采用延续性护理,可有效降低低血糖发生率,降低HbA1c水平,效果显著。

Biological Control of Soilborne Pathogens （Fusarium oxysporum F, Sp. Cucumerinum） of Cucumber （Cucumis sativus） by Trichoderma sp,

In this study, the efficacy of the native isolates of Trichoderma species to promote the growth and yield parameters of cucumber and to manage Fusarium wilt disease under greenhouse conditions were investigated. Ninety native Trichoderma antagonists were isolated from Grassland and forest soil in different geographical regions of Inner Mongolia, China. Applications of T. cf. harzianum T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, TS, T10, T11 and T. atroviride （T9） exhibited the least disease incidence （by 0%） also the same strains shows 100% of relative control effect. Cucumber seedling treated with T. cf. harzianum （T2 and T1） isolates showed a significant stimulatory effect on plant height （by 13 and 14 cm respectively） and the highest shoot and root fresh weight were recorded by T. asperelloides （T27） and T. gamsii （T17） by 1.62 gm and 0.97 gm respectively, in comparison to untreated control and treated control （10 cm and 4 cm, 1.27 gm and 0.22 gm and 0.82 gm and 0.10 gm）. Therefore, the antagonist （T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T8, T10, and T1 1） is chosen to be the most promising bio-control agent for Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cucumerinum and further study have to be exploited for sustainable disease management program.

Intrinsic two-dimensional multiferroicity in CrNCl_(2) monolayer

Two-dimensional multiferroics,which simultaneously possess ferroelectricity and magnetism in a single phase,are well-known to possess great potential applications in nanoscale memories and spintronics.On the basis of first-principles calculations,a CrNCl_(2) monolayer is reported as an intrinsic multiferroic.The CrNCl_(2) has an antiferromagnetic ground state,with a N´eel temperature of about 88 K,and it exhibits an in-plane spontaneous polarization of 200 pC/m.The magnetic moments of CrNCl_(2) mainly come from the dxy orbital of the Cr cation,but the plane of the dxy orbital is perpendicular to the direction of the ferroelectric polarization,which hardly suppresses the occurrence of ferroelectricity.Therefore,the multiferroic exits in the CrNCl_(2).In addition,like CrNCl_(2),the CrNBr_(2) is an intrinsic multiferroic with antiferromagneticferroelectric ground state while CrNI_(2) is an intrinsic multiferroic with ferromagnetic-ferroelectric ground state.These findings enrich the multiferroics in the two-dimensional system and enable a wide range of applications in nanoscale devices.

复方利多卡因软膏减轻1型糖尿病患儿胰岛素泵置管疼痛的效果观察

目的探讨利多卡因软膏外涂减轻儿童1型糖尿病胰岛素泵置管疼痛的效果。方法选取2016年1月-2017年12月年龄>3岁的新诊断并首次接受胰岛素泵治疗的1型糖尿病患儿135例,采用自身对照法进行实验。穿刺前20min,实验组采用2.5%复方利多卡因软膏涂抹于穿刺部位,对照组采用0.9%氯化钠溶液涂抹于穿刺部位,比较2组患儿行胰岛素泵置管疼痛程度的评分。结果干预后,实验组不同年龄段患儿疼痛评分均低于对照组。结论复方利多卡因软膏外涂能减轻1型糖尿病患儿胰岛素泵置管的穿刺操作性疼痛。

1D/2D CoTe_(2)@MoS_(2)composites constructed by CoTe_(2)nanorods and MoS_(2)nanosheets for efficient electromagnetic wave absorption

Rational design of the components and microstructure is regarded as an efficacious strategy for the high-performance electromagnetic wave absorbing(EMWA)materials.Herein,the CoTe_(2)@MoS_(2)nanocomposites with CoTe_(2)nanorods and MoS_(2)nanosheets were synthesized via a hydrothermal method.The microstructure and composition of the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(EDS),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The CoTe_(2)@MoS_(2)composite was composed of stacked CoTe_(2)as the core and intertwined MoS_(2)nanosheets as the shell.The electromagnetic parameters of the CoTe_(2)@MoS_(2)composites were investigated by vector network analyzer(VNA).The EMWA property of the composite showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increasing content of MoS_(2).When the mass ratio of MoS_(2)and CoTe_(2)was 1:1,the CoTe_(2)@MoS_(2)composite exhibited the minimum reflection loss value of-68.10 dB at 4.71 GHz,and the effective absorption bandwidth value might reach 4.64 GHz(13.08-17.72 GHz)at a matching thickness of 1.60 mm with filler loading of 50 wt.%.The extraordinary EMWA property was attributed to the optimized impedance matching,multiple scattering and reflections,dipole polarization,conductive loss,and interfacial polarization.Therefore,the present approach to the design of microstructure and interface engineering offers a crucial way to construct high-performance EMW absorbers.

Carbon nanotubes decorated FeNi/nitrogen-doped carbon composites for lightweight and broadband electromagnetic wave absorption

Magnetic-dielectric component modulation and heterogeneous interface engineering were considered as an effective strategy for designing lightweight and broadband electromagnetic wave(EMW)absorbors.Herein,a series of carbon nanotubes(CNTs)decorated core-shell nitrogen-doped carbon(CNTs/FeNi/NC)composites were successfully fabricated via the carbonization of CNTs/NiFe_(2)O_(4)/PDA precursors obtained by hydrothermal and polymerization method.The EMW absorption(EMWA)properties of CNTs/FeNi/NC composites were explored by varying the CNTs content.When the CNTs content was 15%,the minimum reflection loss(RL_(min))value was-51.13 dB at 9.52 GHz and the corresponding effective absorption band-width(EAB)value was 2.96 GHz(8.96-11.12 GHz)at 2.5 mm.Particularly,the maximum EAB value can reach up to 4.64 GHz(12.80-17.44 GHz)at 1.7 mm.The excellent EMW attenuation capability resulted from the enhanced conductive loss,polarization loss,magnetic loss,and improved impedance matching.This work offers a novel reference for designing lightweight and broadband EMWA materials.

A nanoplatform self-assembled by coordination delivers siRNA for lung cancer therapy

The high incidence and mortality of lung cancer have present threaten in front of people all over the world.Researches in clinical trials find that mutations of some genes influence progress of lung cancer directly or indirectly,therefore,some kinds of molecular inhibitors benefit patients in clinical therapy,which helpfully prolong survival time of patients and show great potential in lung cancer therapy.siRNA is a kind of nucleic acid molecules which can silence targeted gene translation through binding to mRNA completely to cure diseases.The delivery of siRNA for cancer therapy mostly can be classified into loading through electrostatic interaction,physical surrounding,and chemically modification.Yet delivering siRNA by coordination has not been reported.This study unprecedently utilizes the coordination between siRNA and Fe^(2+)to form a self-assembly structure in which doxorobicin(DOX) and human serum albumin(HSA) were used to stabilize the whole nanoplatform followed polyethylenimine(PEI) coating.Through the heat incubation strategy,highly loading efficiency for siRNA and DOX was achieved.This nanoplatform with stability and sustain release of drugs exhibited good lysosome escape,gene silencing effect and cytotoxicity which provided new horizon for co-deli very of siRNA and other molecular or protein drugs.

D2ANet:Difference-aware attention network for multi-level change detection from satellite imagery

Recognizing dynamic variations on the ground,especially changes caused by various natural disasters,is critical for assessing the severity of the damage and directing the disaster response.However,current workflows for disaster assessment usually require human analysts to observe and identify damaged buildings,which is labor-intensive and unsuitable for large-scale disaster areas.In this paper,we propose a difference-aware attention network(D2ANet)for simultaneous building localization and multi-level change detection from the dual-temporal satellite imagery.Considering the differences in different channels in the features of pre-and post-disaster images,we develop a dual-temporal aggregation module using paired features to excite change-sensitive channels of the features and learn the global change pattern.Since the nature of building damage caused by disasters is diverse in complex environments,we design a difference-attention module to exploit local correlations among the multi-level changes,which improves the ability to identify damage on different scales.Extensive experiments on the large-scale building damage assessment dataset xBD demonstrate that our approach provides new state-of-the-art results.Source code is publicly available at https://github.com/mj129/D2ANet.

PFAS in PMs might be the escalating hazard to the lung health

Atmospheric particulate matter(PM)is a dominant source of air pollution,in particular,molecules less than 2.5μm in diameter,endangering human health.An estimated 2.1 million deaths from exposure to PM2.5 and 700,000 cases of respiratory disease caused by atmospheric pollution were reported on an annual basis.The main components of PM2.5 include heavy metal elements,water-soluble ions,carbon aerosols,ozone,and organic compounds.Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances(PFASs)are a large group of representative pollutants among the organic compounds absorbed in PM2.5.PFASs are widely used in industrial production and hardly degraded in the environment,resulting in their accumulation in water,food,and air,and abosorbed by humans via ingestion and inhalation.On the other hand,accumulation of PFAS in the human body is proving to be associated with some unfavorable health outcomes,whereas the mechanisms underlying the effects of PFAS exposure on human lung diseases remain unclear at present.The toxicological effects of organic components are a significant focus of research.This review will fix our attention on the changes in the distribution,composition,and content of PFAS in PM2.5 by location and year,and provide an overview on the influence of PM2.5 and PFAS on lung health,with indications of possible synergistic adverse effects of PM2.5 and PFAS on pulmonary homeostasis.

Graphene aerogel-based vibration sensor with high sensitivity and wide frequency response range

Compared with piezoresistive sensors,pressure sensors based on the contact resistance effect are proven to have higher sensitivity and the ability to detect ultra-low pressure,thus attracting extensive research interest in wearable devices and artificial intelligence systems.However,most studies focus on static or low-frequency pressure detection,and there are few reports on high-frequency dynamic pressure detection.Limited by the viscoelasticity of polymers(necessary materials for traditional vibration sensors),the development of vibration sensors with high frequency response remains a great challenge.Here,we report a graphene aerogel-based vibration sensor with higher sensitivity and wider frequency response range(2 Hz–10 kHz)than both conventional piezoresistive and similar sensors.By modulating the microscopic morphology and mechanical properties,the super-elastic graphene aerogels suitable for vibration sensing have been prepared successfully.Meanwhile,the mechanism of the effect of density on the vibration sensor’s sensitivity is studied in detail.On this basis,the sensitivity,signal fidelity and signal-to-noise ratio of the sensor are further improved by optimizing the structure configuration.The developed sensor exhibits remarkable repeatability,excellent stability,high resolution(0.0039 g)and good linearity(non-linearity error<0.8%)without hysteresis.As demos,the sensor can not only monitor low-frequency physiological signals and motion of the human body,but also respond to the high-frequency vibrations of rotating machines.In addition,the sensor can also detect static pressure.We expect the vibration sensor to meet a wider range of functional needs in wearable devices,smart robots,and industrial equipment.

有向图中含弹性关节多机械臂系统的分布式一致性

本文主要研究有向图中含弹性关节多机械臂系统的一致性问题,利用模型参考自适应一致性方法,将含弹性关节多机械臂系统的一致性问题转化成参考模型的一致性和单个机械臂系统的轨迹跟踪问题两个子问题.考虑到机械臂的相对角速度信息难以获取的情况,提出了无需相对角速度信息的线性参考模型.在轨迹跟踪算法设计上,利用反步法对单个机械臂系统设计了跟踪控制算法,使得系统达到关节角度趋于一致的结果.

A finTRIM member 100 (FTR100) is unique to Otomorpha fish for constitutive regulation of IFN response

Vertebrate interferon(IFN)expression is fine-tuned in order to avoid excessive tissue injury under normal conditions and during virus infection.FinTRIM(fish novel TRIM,FTR)proteins are reported to regulate the fish IFN response.Here,we identify a novel finTRIM gene from yellow catfish(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco),which is sequentially named PfFTR100 according to the nomenclature rule in zebrafish.Genome-wide analyses reveal that FTR100 is unique to Otomorpha fish,with a single copy in spite of additional genome duplication in some fish species.Considering that few of the 99 finTRIM genes identified in zebrafish are conserved in main fish branches and most,such as FTR100,are unique to distinct branches due to lineage-specific expansion of finTRIM genes,we develop a nomenclature for newly cloned finTRIM genes from different fish species.PfFTR100 mRNA is not induced by virus infection,with a relatively high expression level comparable to that of cellular IFN and some IFN-stimulated genes(ISGs)in virally-infected tissues.However,ectopically-expressed PfFTR100 protein is attenuated in virally-infected cells through the proteasomal-dependent pathway.Overexpression of PfFTR100 promotes SVCV replication by downregulating the constitutive and inducible IFN response via a mechanism by which PfFTR100 targets IRF3 and IRF7 to attenuate their mRNA levels rather than their protein levels.Our results indicate that yellow catfish FTR100 is essential for homeostatic regulation of fish tonic IFN response.