Identification of MUC1 as a Novel Oncogene of Fusobacterium nucleatum-Associated Colorectal Cancer by a Combined Bioinformatics and Experimental Approach

Background: Fusobacterium nucleatum can cause opportunistic and chronic infections and has recently been shown to be involved in colorectal cancer. However, the specific mechanism by which F. nucleatum induces colorectal carcinoma remains unclear. Methods: We downloaded the GSE110223, GSE110224, GSE113513 and GSE122183 microarray datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to F. nucleatum in CRC by overlapping data sets was performed. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome pathway (KEGG) analyses were used for enrichment analysis. Moreover, Cytoscape software constructed a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network of differentially expressed genes. Finally, western blot and RT-qPCR analysis identified the relative protein and mRNA expression of hub genes in the cell model. Results: In total, 118 DEGs in F. nucleatum-associated CRC were screened from nonoverlapping microarray data, among which 20 upregulated and 98 downregulated DEGs were identified. The 118 DEGs were significantly correlated with diverse functions and pathways. The hub gene MUC1 had higher centrality scores in the PPI network, and the top 5 closely interacting hub genes, SLC7A11, AGR2, KRT18, CARTPT and TSPYL5, were identified. Conclusion: Our evidence suggests that the identified DEGs associated with F. nucleatum enhance our comprehension of the molecular Mechanisms underlying the tumorigenesis and development of CRC and might be used as molecular targets and diagnostic biomarkers for the treatment of CRC.

Staging liver fibrosis with various diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging models

BACKGROUND Diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI)has been developed to stage liver fibrosis.However,its diagnostic performance is inconsistent among studies.Therefore,it is worth studying the diagnostic value of various diffusion models for liver fibrosis in one cohort.AIM To evaluate the clinical potential of six diffusion-weighted models in liver fibrosis staging and compare their diagnostic performances.METHODS This prospective study enrolled 59 patients suspected of liver disease and scheduled for liver biopsy and 17 healthy participants.All participants underwent multi-b value DWI.The main DWI-derived parameters included Mono-apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)from mono-exponential DWI,intravoxel incoherent motion model-derived true diffusion coefficient(IVIM-D),diffusion kurtosis imaging-derived apparent diffusivity(DKI-MD),stretched exponential model-derived distributed diffusion coefficient(SEM-DDC),fractional order calculus(FROC)model-derived diffusion coefficient(FROC-D)and FROC model-derived microstructural quantity(FROC-μ),and continuous-time random-walk(CTRW)model-derived anomalous diffusion coefficient(CTRW-D)and CTRW model-derived temporal diffusion heterogeneity index(CTRW-α).The correlations between DWI-derived parameters and fibrosis stages and the parameters’diagnostic efficacy in detecting significant fibrosis(SF)were assessed and compared.RESULTS CTRW-D(r=-0.356),CTRW-α(r=-0.297),DKI-MD(r=-0.297),FROC-D(r=-0.350),FROC-μ(r=-0.321),IVIM-D(r=-0.251),Mono-ADC(r=-0.362),and SEM-DDC(r=-0.263)were significantly correlated with fibrosis stages.The areas under the ROC curves(AUCs)of the combined index of the six models for distinguishing SF(0.697-0.747)were higher than each of the parameters alone(0.524-0.719).The DWI models’ability to detect SF was similar.The combined index of CTRW model parameters had the highest AUC(0.747).CONCLUSION The DWI models were similarly valuable in distinguishing SF in patients with liver disease.The combined index of CTRW parameters had the highest AUC.

金线莲发酵液的抗氧化和美白功效研究

为开发金线莲发酵提取物在化妆品领域的应用,筛选合适的乳酸菌与酵母菌,对金线莲水提液与水提后滤渣酶解液分别进行发酵,结果表明:在采用Gb-12、Mls-34与CC-1三种菌株进行不同的单菌、复合菌发酵方式中,金线莲水提液经Mls-34与CC-1联合发酵后,其多酚含量、抗氧化活性与美白活性提升最高。金线莲酶解液经CC-1单菌发酵后,其多酚含量提升最高,DPPH自由基与ABTS自由基清除率分别提高了56.30%和85.58%,而羟自由基清除率和总还原力有所下降,而金线莲酶解液经Mls-34与CC-1联合发酵后,其美白活性提升最高。

Microvascular alterations of the ocular surface and retina in connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease

AIM:To examine the disparities in macular retinal vascular density between individuals with connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease(CTD-ILD)and healthy controls(HCs)by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and to investigate the changes in microvascular density in abnormal eyes.METHODS:For a retrospective case-control study,a total of 16 patients(32 eyes)diagnosed with CTD-ILD were selected as the ILD group.The 16 healthy volunteers with 32 eyes,matched in terms of age and sex with the patients,were recruited as control group.The macular retina’s superficial retinal layer(SRL)and deep retinal layer(DRL)were examined and scanned using OCTA in each individual eye.The densities of retinal microvascular(MIR),macrovascular(MAR),and total microvascular(TMI)were calculated and compared.Changes in retinal vascular density in the macular region were analyzed using three different segmentation methods:central annuli segmentation method(C1-C6),hemispheric segmentation method[uperior right(SR),superior left(SL),inferior left(IL),and inferior right(IR)],and Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)methods[superior(S),inferior(I),left(L),and right(R)].The data were analyzed using Version 9.0 of GraphPad prism and Pearson analysis.RESULTS:The OCTA data demonstrated a statistically significant difference(P<0.05)in macular retinal microvessel density between the two groups.Specifically,in the SRL and DRL analyses,the ILD group exhibited significantly lower surface density of MIR and TMI compared to the HCs group(P<0.05).Furthermore,using the hemispheric segmentation method,the ILD group showed notable reductions in SL,SR,and IL in the superficial retina(P<0.05),as well as marked decreases in SL and IR in the deep retina(P<0.05).Similarly,when employing the ETDRS method,the ILD group displayed substantial drops in superficial retinal S and I(P<0.05),along with notable reductions in deep retinal L,I,and R(P<0.05).In the central annuli segmentation method,the ILD group exhibited a significant decrease in the superficial retinal C2-4 region(P<0.05),whereas the deep retina showed a notable reduction in the C3-5 region(P<0.05).Additionally,there was an observed higher positive likelihood ratio in the superficial SR region and deep MIR.Furthermore,there was a negative correlation between conjunctival vascular density and both deep and superficial retinal TMI(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Patients with CTD-ILD exhibits a significantly higher conjunctival vascular density compared to the HCs group.Conversely,their fundus retinal microvascular density is significantly lower.Furthermore,CTD-ILD patients display notably lower superficial and deep retinal vascular density in comparison to the HCs group.The inverse correlation between conjunctival vascular density and both superficial and deep retinal TMI suggests that detecting subtle changes in ocular microcirculation could potentially serve as an early diagnostic indicator for connective tissue diseases,thereby enhancing disease management.

Nanopore structure comparison between shale oil and shale gas:examples from the Bakken and Longmaxi Formations

In order to analyze and compare the differences in pore structures between shale gas and shale oil formations, a few samples from the Longmaxi and Bakken Formations were collected and studied using X-ray diffraction, LECO TOC measurement, gas adsorption and field-emission scanning electron microscope. The results show that samples from the Bakken Formation have a higher TOC than those from the Longmaxi Formation. The Longmaxi Formation has higher micropore volume and larger micropore surface area and exhibited a smaller average distribution of microsize pores compared to the Bakken Formation. Both formations have similar meso-macropore volume. The Longmaxi Formation has a much larger meso-macropore surface area, which is corresponding to a smaller average meso-macropore size. CO_2 adsorption data processing shows that the pore size of the majority of the micropores in the samples from the Longmaxi Formation is less than 1 nm, while the pore size of the most of the micropores in the samples from the Bakken Formation is larger than 1 nm. Both formations have the same number of pore clusters in the 2–20 nm range, but the Bakken Formation has two additional pore size groups with mean pore size diameters larger than 20 nm. Multifractal analysis of pore size distribution curves that was derived from gas adsorption indicates that the samples from the Longmaxi Formation have more significant micropore heterogeneity and less meso-macropore heterogeneity. Abundant micropores as well as mesomacropores exist in the organic matter in the Longmaxi Formation, while the organic matter of the Bakken Formation hosts mainly micropores.

Reinforcement Learning Based Data Fusion Method for Multi-Sensors

In order to improve detection system robustness and reliability, multi-sensors fusion is used in modern air combat. In this paper, a data fusion method based on reinforcement learning is developed for multi-sensors. Initially, the cubic B-spline interpolation is used to solve time alignment problems of multisource data. Then, the reinforcement learning based data fusion(RLBDF) method is proposed to obtain the fusion results. With the case that the priori knowledge of target is obtained, the fusion accuracy reinforcement is realized by the error between fused value and actual value. Furthermore, the Fisher information is instead used as the reward if the priori knowledge is unable to be obtained. Simulations results verify that the developed method is feasible and effective for the multi-sensors data fusion in air combat.

Contents and Distribution of Petroleum Hydrocarbons (PHC) in Jiaozhou Bay Waters

Based on data from the investigation in Jiaozhou bay waters in 1979, the distribution, pollution source and seasonal variation of PHC in Jiaozhou Bay are analyzed. It is showed that in Jiaozhou bay PHC contents arrived the national Category Ⅱof the water quality standard during this year. In summer in the bay the pollution of PHC was heavy, while relatively light in spring. In the coastal waters in the east and the northeast of the bay, the PHC contents in spring surpassed the national Category Ⅱ, and surpassed the national Category Ⅲ. In the coastal waters, in the northeast of the bay, the change of the PHC contents formed the grads: the contents presented the falling trend from the big one to the small, which unveiled that the PHC souce in the bay mainly came from the discharge of the industrial waste water and living sewage.

Partition region-based suppressed fuzzy C-means algorithm

Aimed at the problem that the traditional suppressed fuzzy C-means clustering algorithms ignore the real needs of different objects, applying the same suppressed parameter for modifying membership degrees of all the objects, a novel partition region-based suppressed fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm with better capacity of adaptability and robustness is proposed in this paper. The model based on the real needs of different objects is built, making it clear to decide whether to proceed with further determination; in addition, the external user-defined suppressed parameter is automatically selected according to the intrinsic structural characteristic of each dataset, making the proposed method become robust to the fluctuations in the incoming dataset and initial conditions. Experimental results show that the proposed method is more robust than its counterparts and overcomes the weakness of the original suppressed clustering algorithm in most cases.

Evaluating the impact of sampling schemes on leaf area index measurements from digital hemispherical photography in Larix principis-rupprechtii forest plots

Background:Digital hemispherical photography(DHP)is widely used to estimate the leaf area index(LAI)of forest plots due to its advantages of high efficiency and low cost.A crucial step in the LAI estimation of forest plots via DHP is choosing a sampling scheme.However,various sampling schemes involving DHP have been used for the LAI estimation of forest plots.To date,the impact of sampling schemes on LAI estimation from DHP has not been comprehensively investigated.Methods:In this study,13 commonly used sampling schemes which belong to five sampling types(i.e.dispersed,square,cross,transect and circle)were adopted in the LAI estimation of five Larix principis-rupprechtii plots(25m×25 m).An additional sampling scheme(with a sample size of 89)was generated on the basis of all the sample points of the 13 sampling schemes.Three typical inversion models and four canopy element clumping index(Ωe)algorithms were involved in the LAI estimation.The impacts of the sampling schemes on four variables,including gap fraction,Ωe,effective plant area index(PAIe)and LAI estimation from DHP were analysed.The LAI estimates obtained with different sampling schemes were then compared with those obtained from litter collection measurements.Results:Large differences were observed for all four variable estimates(i.e.gap fraction,Ωe,PAIe and LAI)under different sampling schemes.The differences in impact of sampling schemes on LAI estimation were not obvious for the three inversion models,if the fourΩe algorithms,except for the traditional gap-size analysis algorithm were adopted in the estimation.The accuracy of LAI estimation was not always improved with an increase in sample size.Moreover,results indicated that with the appropriate inversion model,Ωe algorithm and sampling scheme,the maximum estimation error of DHP-estimated LAI at elementary sampling unit can be less than 20%,which is required by the global climate observing system,except in forest plots with extremely large LAI values(~>6.0).However,obtaining an LAI from DHP with an estimation error lower than 5%is impossible regardless of which combination of inversion model,Ωe algorithm and sampling scheme is used.Conclusion:The LAI estimation of L.principis-rupprechtii forests from DHP was largely affected by the sampling schemes adopted in the estimation.Thus,the sampling scheme should be seriously considered in the LAI estimation.One square and two transect sampling schemes(with sample sizes ranging from 3 to 9)were recommended to be used to estimate the LAI of L.principis-rupprechtii forests with the smallest mean relative error(MRE).By contrast,three cross and one dispersed sampling schemes were identified to provide LAI estimates with relatively large MREs.

Retinal microvascular and microstructural alterations in the diagnosis of meibomian gland dysfunction in severely obese population:a new approach

AIM:To study retinal microvascular and microstructural alterations in meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)in severely obese population using optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA).METHODS:Twelve MGD patients with severely obese population(PAT group;24 eyes)and 12 healthy controls(HC group;24 eyes)were recruited.OCTA images were segmented into five[superior(S),nasal(N),inferior(I),temporal(T),and central foveal(C)]or nine[inner superior(IS),outer superior(OS),inner nasal(IN),outer nasal(ON),inner inferior(II),outer inferior(OI),inner temporal(IT),outer temporal(OT),and C]subregions.The superficial vessel density(SVD),retinal thickness(RT),foveal avascular zone(FAZ)parameters,and retinal volume were measured.RESULTS:Visual acuity was significantly different between two groups(0.8±0.17 in PAT group vs 0.2±0.06 in HC group).SVD was significantly lower in PATs in N,T,OS,IN,OT,and ON.The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve(AUC)for T was 0.961[95% confidence interval(CI):0.908 to 1.000],for OS was 0.962(95%CI:0.915 to 1.000).RT was significantly lower in PATs in IS,OS,OI,OT,ON,IT,IN,and II.AUC for OT was 0.935(95%CI:0.870 to 0.999),for IS was 0.915(95%CI:0.838 to 0.992).Angiography results showed significantly lower area and perimeter of FAZ,SVD of the inner retina and both retinal volume and the average volume thickness in the PAT group.CONCLUSION:Vision may be affected in patients with MGD due to changes in retinal microvessels and microstructures.These changes detected by OCTA may be a potential marker for diagnosing MGD in severe obesity.

Predictive value of CA-153,CA-125 and Apo A for ocular metastasis in menopausal female patients with breast cancer

AIM:To establish a meaningful standard for diagnosing ocular metastasis(OM)in menopausal breast cancer(BC)women,and explore the relationship between CA-153,CA-125,apolipoprotein A,and OM.METHODS:A total of 1362 menopausal female BC patients with OM volunteered to take part in this study between July 2012 and July 2022.Women with BC who are menopausal were found to have an OM incidence of 1.6%.Furthermore,CA-153,CA-125,and apolipoprotein A(Apo A)all contributed to OM in women with BC who are postmenopausal according to binary logistic regression.Receiver operating curve(ROC)analysis was used to assess the diagnostic value of OM in patients with BC.RESULTS:Both CA-153 and CA-153+CA-125 showed a higher sensitivity of 95.45%,whereas CA-153+Apo A illustrated the highest specificity of 99.02%.Moreover,CA-153 and CA-153+CA-125 had higher areas under the curve(AUC)of 0.973.CONCLUSION:The data indicate that the serum concentrations of CA-153 exhibited the most significant predictors of the diagnosis of OM in menopausal women with BC.The current study researches the utility of risk factors in predicting of OM in menopausal BC women and put forward the latest suggestions on their clinical application.

Functional connectivity of paired default mode network subregions in patients with eye trauma

AIM:To study functional brain abnormalities in patients with eye trauma(ET)and to discuss the pathophysiological mechanisms of ET.METHODS:Totally 31 ET patients and 31 healthy controls(HCs)were recruited.The age,gender,and educational background characteristics of the two groups were similar.After functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI)scanning,the subjects’spontaneous brain activity was evaluated with the functional connectivity(FC)method.Receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis was used to classify the data.Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to explore the relationship between FC values in specific brain regions and clinical behaviors in patients with ET.RESULTS:Significantly increased FC between several regions was identified including the medial prefrontal cortex(MPFC)and left hippocampus formations(HF),the MPFC and left inferior parietal lobule(IPL),the left IPL and left medial temporal lobe(MTL),the left IPL and right MTL,and the right IPL and left MTL.No decreased region-to-region connectivity was detected in default mode network(DMN)sub-regions in patients with ET.Compared with HCs,ET patients exhibited significantly increased FC between several paired DMN regions,as follows:posterior cingulate cortex(PCC)and right HF(HF.R,t=2.196,P=0.032),right inferior parietal cortices(IPC.R)and left MTL(MTL.L,t=2.243,P=0.029),and right MTL(MTL.R)and HF.R(t=2.236,P=0.029).CONCLUSION:FC values in multiple brain regions of ET patients are abnormal,suggesting that these brain regions in ET patients may be dysfunctional,which may help to reveal the pathophysiological mechanisms of ET.

LIX1-like protein promotes liver cancer progression via miR-21-3p-mediated inhibition of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase

Limb and CNS expressed 1 like(LIX1L) is over-expressed in several types of tumors.However,the function of LIX1L in glucose metabolism and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) progression remains elusive.Here we report that LIX1L is over-expressed in human HCC tissues,which predicts unfavorable prognosis.LIX1L deficiency in vivo significantly attenuated liver cancer initiation in mice.Functional studies indicated that LIX1L overexpression elevated proliferation,migratory,invasive capacities of HCC cells in vitro,and promoted liver cancer growth and metastasis in vivo.LIX1L knockdown up-regulated fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase(FBP1) expression to reduce glucose consumption as well as lactate production.Mechanistically,LIX1L increased miR-21-3p expression,which targeted and suppressed FBP1,thereby promoting HCC growth and metastasis.MiR-21-3p inhibitor could abrogate LIX1L induced enhancement of cell migration,invasion,and glucose metabolism.Inhibition of miR-21-3p suppressed tumor growth in an orthotopic tumor model.Our results establish LIX1L as a critical driver of hepatocarcinogenesis and HCC progression,with implications for prognosis and treatment.

A mask R-CNN based method for inspecting cable brackets in aircraft

In the aviation industry,cable bracket is one of the most common parts.The traditional assembly state inspection method of cable bracket is to manually compare by viewing 3 D models.The purpose of this paper is to address the problem of inefficiency of traditional inspection method.In order to solve the problem that machine learning algorithm requires large dataset and manually labeling of dataset is a laborious and time-consuming task,a simulation platform is developed to automatically generate synthetic realistic brackets images with pixel-level annotations based on 3 D digital mock-up.In order to obtain accurate shapes of brackets from 2 D image,a brackets recognizer based on Mask R-CNN is trained.In addition,a semi-automatic cable bracket inspection method is proposed.With this method,the inspector can easily obtain the inspection result only by taking a picture with a portable device,such as augmented reality(AR)glasses.The inspection task will be automatically executed via bracket recognition and matching.The experimental result shows that the proposed method for automatically labeling dataset is valid and the proposed cable bracket inspection method can effectively inspect cable bracket in the aircraft.Finally,a prototype system based on client-server framework has been developed for validation purpose.

Moisture stable and ultrahigh-rate Ni/Mn-based sodium-ion battery cathodes via K^(+)decoration

As one of the most promising cathodes for sodium-ion batteries(SIBs),the layered transition metal oxides have attracted great attentions due to their high specific capacities and facile synthesis.However,their applications are still hindered by the problems of poor moisture stability and sluggish Na^(+)diffusion caused by intrinsic structural Jahn–Teller distortion.Herein,we demonstrate a new approach to settle the above issues through introducing K^(+)into the structures of Ni/Mn-based materials.The physicochemical characterizations reveal that K^(+)induces atomic surface reorganization to form the birnessite-type K_(2)Mn_(4)O_(8).Combining with the phosphate,the mixed coating layer protects the cathodes from moisture and hinders metal dissolution into the electrolyte effectively.Simultaneously,K^(+)substitution at Na site in the bulk structure can not only widen the lattice-spacing for favoring Na^(+)diffusion,but also work as the rivet to restrain the grain crack upon cycling.The as achieved K^(+)-decorated P2-Na_(0.67)Mn_(0.75)Ni_(0.2)5O_(2)(NKMNO@KM/KP)cathodes are tested in both coin cell and pouch cell configurations using Na metal or hard carbon(HC)as anodes.Impressively,the NKMNO@KM/KP||Na half-cell demonstrates a high rate performance of 50 C and outstanding cycling performance of 90.1%capacity retention after 100 cycles at 5 C.Furthermore,the NKMNO@KM/KP||HC fullcell performed a promising energy density of 213.9 Wh·kg^(−1).This performance significantly outperforms most reported state-ofthe-art values.Additionally,by adopting this strategy on O3-NaMn_(0.5)Ni_(0.5)O_(2),we further proved the universality of this method on layered cathodes for SIBs.

Icaritin Attenuates Lipid Accumulation by Increasing Energy Expenditure and Autophagy Regulated by Phosphorylating AMPK

Background and Aims:Lipid accumulation is the major characteristic of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,the prevalence of which continues to rise.We aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of icaritin on lipid accumulation.Methods:Cells were treated with icaritin at 0.7,2.2,6.7,or 20μM for 24 h.The effects on lipid accumulation in L02 and Huh-7 cells were detected by Bodipy and oil red O staining,respectively.Mitochondria biogenesis of L02 cells was detected by MitoTracker Orange staining.Glucose uptake and adenosine triphosphate content of 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes were detected.The expression levels of proteins in the adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)signaling pathway,biomarkers of autophagy,and mitochondria biogenesis were measured by western blotting.LC3 puncta were detected by immunofluorescence.Results:Icaritin significantly attenuated lipid accumulation in L02 and Huh-7 cells and boosted the mitochondria biogenesis of L02 cells.Icaritin enhanced glucose uptake,decreased adenosine triphosphate content,and activated the AMPK signaling pathway in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes.Icaritin boosted autophagy and also enhanced the initiation of autophagic flux in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and C2C12 myoblasts.However,icaritin decreased autophagy and promoted mitochondria biogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and C2C12 myotubes.Conclusions:Icaritin attenuates lipid accumulation by increasing energy expenditure and regulating autophagy by activating the AMPK pathway.

A modified flexible spatiotemporal data fusion model

Remote sensing spatiotemporal fusion models blend multi-source images of different spatial resolutions to create synthetic images with high resolution and frequency,contributing to time series research where high quality observations are not available with sufficient frequency.However,existing models are vulnerable to spatial heterogeneity and land cover changes,which are frequent in human-dominated regions.To obtain quality time series of satellite images in a human-dominated region,this study developed the Modified Flexible Spatial-temporal Data Fusion(MFSDAF)approach based on the Flexible Spatial-temporal Data Fusion(FSDAF)model by using the enhanced linear regression(ELR).Multiple experiments of various land cover change scenarios were conducted based on both actual and simulated satellite images,respectively.The proposed MFSDAF model was validated by using the correlation coefficient(r),relative root mean square error(RRMSE),and structural similarity(SSIM),and was then compared with the Enhanced Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model(ESTARFM)and FSDAF models.Results show that in the presence of significant land cover change,MFSDAF showed a maximum increase in r,RRMSE,and SSIM of 0.0313,0.0109 and 0.049,respectively,compared to FSDAF,while ESTARFM performed best with less temporal difference of in the input images.In conditions of stable landscape changes,the three performance statistics indicated a small advantage of MFSDAF over FSDAF,but were 0.0286,0.0102,0.0317 higher than for ESTARFM,respectively.MFSDAF showed greater accuracy of capturing subtle changes and created high-precision images from both actual and simulated satellite images.

DELLA蛋白在被子植物有性生殖中的作用

DELLA蛋白是植物生长发育过程中响应赤霉素(GA)应答途径的关键调控因子,主要行使转录调控因子的功能,几乎参与了植物生长发育的各个重要过程。已有的研究表明,DELLA蛋白在被子植物的雄性生殖器官、雌性生殖器官和胚胎等组织中均有表达,在植物有性生殖过程中起着极其重要的作用。该文综述了DELLA蛋白的分子结构、特性及其在植物有性生殖过程中的表达与功能,并讨论了现存的问题及研究思路。

Effect of particle size on high-pressure methane adsorption of coal

Adsorbed gas cannot be neglected in the evaluation of coalbed methane and shale gas since a significant proportion of gas is stored in the form of adsorbed gas.Adsorbed methane of coal and shale has been widely studied by high-pressure methane adsorption experiment.In sample treatment of the experiment,the sample is crushed and sieved to a particular particle size range.However,how particle size influence high-pressure methane adsorption is still unclear.In this study,low-pressure nitrogen(N_(2))and high-pressure methane adsorption have been measured on coal samples with different particle size.According to N2 sorption analysis,pore volume and surface area increase with particle size reduction.Pore size distribution of small pores(<10nm)changes among varying particle size.Pore volume proportion of small pores(<10nm)increases and pore volume proportion of big pores(>10nm)decreases with decreasing particle size.Decreasing particle size by crushing sample introduces new connectivity for closed pores to the particle surface.The responses of isotherms of high-pressure methane adsorption are different with different particle size.Methane adsorption at initial pressure(145psi)increases with decreasing particle size.Adsorption increase rate at high pressure(435-870psi)decreases with particle size reduction.This can be explained that fine sample has more pore volume and higher pore volume proportion of small pores(<10nm).Sample with particle size of 150-250μm has the highest Langmuir volume.

自适应量子储层计算与多任务学习

随着实验技术的快速发展,含噪声的中等规模量子(NISQ)设备的可编程性越来越高,人们能够更好地利用量子计算的优势.本文利用可编程的NISQ设备的复杂动力学来进行量子储层计算,并通过使用遗传算法来优化该过程.令人惊讶的是,单个自适应量子储层可以同时学习多个任务,包括振荡型基因网络、混沌型基因网络和分数阶蔡氏电路.通过自适应量子储层计算,这些任务的学习性能得到了显著提升,远远超过了经典储层计算的表现.此外,本文还将自适应量子储层计算应用于外汇市场,相较于经典储层计算,它能更准确地捕捉汇率的随机演化.通过与经典储层计算的比较,本文突出了量子相干性在量子储层计算中的重要性,并验证了量子相干性是实现卓越学习性能的关键.研究结果表明,自适应量子储层计算能够充分发挥NISQ设备的量子计算能力,并在通用人工智能的发展方面具有巨大潜力.