Background Adequate level of carbohydrates in aquafeeds help to conserve protein and reduce cost. However, studies have indicated that high-carbohydrate(HC) diet disrupt the homeostasis of the gut–liver axis in large...Background Adequate level of carbohydrates in aquafeeds help to conserve protein and reduce cost. However, studies have indicated that high-carbohydrate(HC) diet disrupt the homeostasis of the gut–liver axis in largemouth bass, resulting in decreased intestinal acetate and butyrate level.Method Herein, we had concepted a set of feeding experiment to assess the effects of dietary sodium acetate(SA) and sodium butyrate(SB) on liver health and the intestinal microbiota in largemouth bass fed an HC diet. The experimental design comprised 5 isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets, including LC(9% starch), HC(18% starch), HCSA(18% starch;2 g/kg SA), HCSB(18% starch;2 g/kg SB), and HCSASB(18% starch;1 g/kg SA + 1 g/kg SB). Juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of 7.00 ± 0.20 g were fed on these diets for 56 d.Results We found that dietary SA and SB reduced hepatic triglyceride accumulation by activating autophagy(ATG101, LC3B and TFEB), promoting lipolysis(CPT1α, HSL and AMPKα), and inhibiting adipogenesis(FAS, ACCA, SCD1 and PPARγ). In addition, SA and SB decreased oxidative stress in the liver(CAT, GPX1α and SOD1) by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Meanwhile, SA and SB alleviated HC-induced inflammation by downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factors(IL-1β, COX2 and Hepcidin1) through the NF-κB pathway. Importantly, SA and SB increased the abundance of bacteria that produced acetic acid and butyrate(Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1). Combined with the KEGG analysis, the results showed that SA and SB enriched carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism pathways, thereby improving the utilization of carbohydrates. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that growth performance was closely related to hepatic lipid deposition, autophagy, antioxidant capacity, inflammation, and intestinal microbial composition.Conclusions In conclusion, dietary SA and SB can reduce hepatic lipid deposition;and alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in largemouth bass fed on HC diet. These beneficial effects may be due to the altered composition of the gut microbiota caused by SA and SB. The improvement effects of SB were stronger than those associated with SA.展开更多
目的通过文献计量学分析,探讨术后疲劳(POF)相关研究的发展趋势及前沿热点。方法通过Web of Science核心合集(WOS-CC)数据库检索与POF相关的文献。应用WOS-CC数据库文献分析功能对文献年发文量及文献的国家/地区、机构、期刊、作者分布...目的通过文献计量学分析,探讨术后疲劳(POF)相关研究的发展趋势及前沿热点。方法通过Web of Science核心合集(WOS-CC)数据库检索与POF相关的文献。应用WOS-CC数据库文献分析功能对文献年发文量及文献的国家/地区、机构、期刊、作者分布情况进行统计;利用CiteSpace 5.8.R3软件构建作者合作共现图谱、关键词共现图谱和突现图谱。结果共获得1340篇文献,1984—2021年POF相关文献的年发文量整体呈增长趋势。POF相关文献发文量最多的前3个国家为美国、中国、德国,前3个机构为来自丹麦及美国的大学机构;发表POF相关文献最多的第一作者是Kehlet H,期刊为British Journal of Surgery。POF领域的热点关键词包括生活质量、手术、疲劳等。POF相关研究的发展前沿和趋势主要体现在质量、干预、术后并发症等。结论国内外对POF领域的关注度不断提高,相关研究的质量较好,已初步形成核心作者群,但国家/地区之间缺少合作交流。今后的研究重心主要是寻找干预及管理POF的有效方案,提高患者的生活质量,以及制订系统化的诊疗规范以指导临床实践等。展开更多
High-carbohydrate(HC)diets decrease the intestinal levels of sodium acetate(SA)and sodium butyrate(SB)and impair the gut health of largemouth bass;however,SA and SB have been shown to enhance immunity and improve inte...High-carbohydrate(HC)diets decrease the intestinal levels of sodium acetate(SA)and sodium butyrate(SB)and impair the gut health of largemouth bass;however,SA and SB have been shown to enhance immunity and improve intestinal health in farmed animals.Thus,the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary SA and SB on HC diet-induced intestinal injury and the potential mechanisms in juvenile largemouth bass.The experiment set five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets,including a lowcarbohydrate diet(9%starch)(LC),a high carbohydrate diet(18%starch)(HC),and the HC diet supplemented with 2 g/kg SA(HCSA),2 g/kg SB(HCSB)or a combination of 1 g/kg SA and 1 g/kg SB(HCSASB).The feeding experiment was conducted for 8 weeks.A total of 525 juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of 7.00±0.20 g were used.The results showed that dietary SA and SB improved the weight gain rate and specific growth rate(P<0.05)and ameliorated serum parameters(alkaline phosphatase,acid phosphatase,glutamate transaminase,and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase)(P<0.05).And,importantly,dietary SA and SB repaired the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression levels of zonula occludens-1,occludin,and claudin-7(P<0.05),reduced HC-induced intestinal damage,and alleviated intestinal inflammation and cell apoptosis by attenuating HC-induced intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress(P<0.05).Further results revealed that dietary SA and SB reduced HC-induced intestinal fat deposition by inhibiting adipogenesis and promoting lipolysis(P<0.05).In summary,this study demonstrated that dietary SA and SB attenuated HC-induced intestinal damage and reduced excessive intestinal fat deposition in largemouth bass.展开更多
目的分析2012—2022年国内外疼痛灾难化领域研究现状、热点与前沿,为我国疼痛灾难化研究提供参考。方法分别在Web of Science数据库、中国知网、万方、维普数据库以"pain catastrophizing""疼痛灾难化"为主题词进...目的分析2012—2022年国内外疼痛灾难化领域研究现状、热点与前沿,为我国疼痛灾难化研究提供参考。方法分别在Web of Science数据库、中国知网、万方、维普数据库以"pain catastrophizing""疼痛灾难化"为主题词进行检索,检索时间限定为2012年1月1日—2022年8月24日,对检索文献使用CiteSpace软件进行分析。结果共纳入英文文献2036篇,中文文献83篇,文献数量总体呈逐年上升趋势,发文量最多的国家和机构分别是美国和华盛顿大学;国内外研究热点为疼痛、腰痛、生活质量、影响因素、焦虑、抑郁、关节置换、量表验证、恐动症等。结论国外疼痛灾难化研究日益受到广泛关注,而国内相关研究尚处于起步阶段。未来国内研究者可运用多种方法探讨我国不同病种人群疼痛灾难化的发生情况和影响因素,深入探索疼痛灾难化的发生机制,重点关注疼痛灾难化与运动康复结局的相关性,帮助患者应对疼痛。展开更多
目的评价不同非药物干预方法对脑卒中后认知障碍(PSCI)患者认知功能及日常生活活动能力的影响。方法基于Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、中国知网、万方及维普数据库,检索建库至2021年12月31日公开发表的PSCI患者...目的评价不同非药物干预方法对脑卒中后认知障碍(PSCI)患者认知功能及日常生活活动能力的影响。方法基于Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、中国知网、万方及维普数据库,检索建库至2021年12月31日公开发表的PSCI患者康复治疗的随机对照研究,并进行文献筛选、资料提取、质量评价和数据分析。结果纳入的26项研究涉及12种干预方法和2007例PSCI患者,网状Meta分析结果显示,相比常规康复训练和/或常规康复护理,认知训练(SMD=-1.30,95%CI-2.09~-0.52)、重复经颅磁刺激(SMD=-1.67,95%CI-2.54~-0.81;SMD=-2.34,95%CI-3.71~-0.97)、重复经颅磁刺激联合认知训练(SMD=-1.56,95%CI-2.76~-0.36;SMD=-2.23,95%CI-3.39~-1.07)、针刺联合认知训练(SMD=-2.31,95%CI-3.51~-1.12;SMD=-2.98,95%CI-4.13~-1.84)、虚拟现实技术(SMD=-1.01,95%CI-1.98~-0.04;SMD=-1.68,95%CI-2.98~-0.38)、计算机辅助认知训练联合认知训练(SMD=-2.50,95%CI-4.35~-0.65;SMD=-3.17,95%CI-4.99~-1.35)、音乐疗法(SMD=-1.47,95%CI-2.61~-0.33)、音乐疗法联合认知训练(SMD=-2.35,95%CI-4.04~-0.67)、工娱疗法(SMD=-2.11,95%CI-3.93~-0.30)、引导想象训练(SMD=-2.48,95%CI-4.00~-0.96)在改善PSCI患者认知功能方面差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);工娱疗法(SMD=-3.57,95%CI-6.09~-1.04;SMD=-3.70,95%CI-7.22~-0.18)在改善PSCI患者日常生活活动能力方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。根据累积排序概率图下面积排序结果,针刺联合认知训练(89.2%)和工娱疗法(85.1%)分别在改善认知功能和日常生活活动能力方面居首位。结论针刺联合认知训练、工娱疗法分别对改善PSCI患者认知功能、日常生活活动能力效果最佳,但考虑纳入原始文献质量不高,尚需要更多大样本、高质量随机对照研究来进一步验证。展开更多
基金supported by the Double Support Project (035–2221993229)。
文摘Background Adequate level of carbohydrates in aquafeeds help to conserve protein and reduce cost. However, studies have indicated that high-carbohydrate(HC) diet disrupt the homeostasis of the gut–liver axis in largemouth bass, resulting in decreased intestinal acetate and butyrate level.Method Herein, we had concepted a set of feeding experiment to assess the effects of dietary sodium acetate(SA) and sodium butyrate(SB) on liver health and the intestinal microbiota in largemouth bass fed an HC diet. The experimental design comprised 5 isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets, including LC(9% starch), HC(18% starch), HCSA(18% starch;2 g/kg SA), HCSB(18% starch;2 g/kg SB), and HCSASB(18% starch;1 g/kg SA + 1 g/kg SB). Juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of 7.00 ± 0.20 g were fed on these diets for 56 d.Results We found that dietary SA and SB reduced hepatic triglyceride accumulation by activating autophagy(ATG101, LC3B and TFEB), promoting lipolysis(CPT1α, HSL and AMPKα), and inhibiting adipogenesis(FAS, ACCA, SCD1 and PPARγ). In addition, SA and SB decreased oxidative stress in the liver(CAT, GPX1α and SOD1) by activating the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway. Meanwhile, SA and SB alleviated HC-induced inflammation by downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory factors(IL-1β, COX2 and Hepcidin1) through the NF-κB pathway. Importantly, SA and SB increased the abundance of bacteria that produced acetic acid and butyrate(Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1). Combined with the KEGG analysis, the results showed that SA and SB enriched carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid metabolism pathways, thereby improving the utilization of carbohydrates. Pearson correlation analysis indicated that growth performance was closely related to hepatic lipid deposition, autophagy, antioxidant capacity, inflammation, and intestinal microbial composition.Conclusions In conclusion, dietary SA and SB can reduce hepatic lipid deposition;and alleviate oxidative stress and inflammation in largemouth bass fed on HC diet. These beneficial effects may be due to the altered composition of the gut microbiota caused by SA and SB. The improvement effects of SB were stronger than those associated with SA.
文摘目的通过文献计量学分析,探讨术后疲劳(POF)相关研究的发展趋势及前沿热点。方法通过Web of Science核心合集(WOS-CC)数据库检索与POF相关的文献。应用WOS-CC数据库文献分析功能对文献年发文量及文献的国家/地区、机构、期刊、作者分布情况进行统计;利用CiteSpace 5.8.R3软件构建作者合作共现图谱、关键词共现图谱和突现图谱。结果共获得1340篇文献,1984—2021年POF相关文献的年发文量整体呈增长趋势。POF相关文献发文量最多的前3个国家为美国、中国、德国,前3个机构为来自丹麦及美国的大学机构;发表POF相关文献最多的第一作者是Kehlet H,期刊为British Journal of Surgery。POF领域的热点关键词包括生活质量、手术、疲劳等。POF相关研究的发展前沿和趋势主要体现在质量、干预、术后并发症等。结论国内外对POF领域的关注度不断提高,相关研究的质量较好,已初步形成核心作者群,但国家/地区之间缺少合作交流。今后的研究重心主要是寻找干预及管理POF的有效方案,提高患者的生活质量,以及制订系统化的诊疗规范以指导临床实践等。
基金sponsored by Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC1220)
文摘High-carbohydrate(HC)diets decrease the intestinal levels of sodium acetate(SA)and sodium butyrate(SB)and impair the gut health of largemouth bass;however,SA and SB have been shown to enhance immunity and improve intestinal health in farmed animals.Thus,the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary SA and SB on HC diet-induced intestinal injury and the potential mechanisms in juvenile largemouth bass.The experiment set five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets,including a lowcarbohydrate diet(9%starch)(LC),a high carbohydrate diet(18%starch)(HC),and the HC diet supplemented with 2 g/kg SA(HCSA),2 g/kg SB(HCSB)or a combination of 1 g/kg SA and 1 g/kg SB(HCSASB).The feeding experiment was conducted for 8 weeks.A total of 525 juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of 7.00±0.20 g were used.The results showed that dietary SA and SB improved the weight gain rate and specific growth rate(P<0.05)and ameliorated serum parameters(alkaline phosphatase,acid phosphatase,glutamate transaminase,and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase)(P<0.05).And,importantly,dietary SA and SB repaired the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression levels of zonula occludens-1,occludin,and claudin-7(P<0.05),reduced HC-induced intestinal damage,and alleviated intestinal inflammation and cell apoptosis by attenuating HC-induced intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress(P<0.05).Further results revealed that dietary SA and SB reduced HC-induced intestinal fat deposition by inhibiting adipogenesis and promoting lipolysis(P<0.05).In summary,this study demonstrated that dietary SA and SB attenuated HC-induced intestinal damage and reduced excessive intestinal fat deposition in largemouth bass.
文摘目的分析2012—2022年国内外疼痛灾难化领域研究现状、热点与前沿,为我国疼痛灾难化研究提供参考。方法分别在Web of Science数据库、中国知网、万方、维普数据库以"pain catastrophizing""疼痛灾难化"为主题词进行检索,检索时间限定为2012年1月1日—2022年8月24日,对检索文献使用CiteSpace软件进行分析。结果共纳入英文文献2036篇,中文文献83篇,文献数量总体呈逐年上升趋势,发文量最多的国家和机构分别是美国和华盛顿大学;国内外研究热点为疼痛、腰痛、生活质量、影响因素、焦虑、抑郁、关节置换、量表验证、恐动症等。结论国外疼痛灾难化研究日益受到广泛关注,而国内相关研究尚处于起步阶段。未来国内研究者可运用多种方法探讨我国不同病种人群疼痛灾难化的发生情况和影响因素,深入探索疼痛灾难化的发生机制,重点关注疼痛灾难化与运动康复结局的相关性,帮助患者应对疼痛。
文摘目的评价不同非药物干预方法对脑卒中后认知障碍(PSCI)患者认知功能及日常生活活动能力的影响。方法基于Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、中国知网、万方及维普数据库,检索建库至2021年12月31日公开发表的PSCI患者康复治疗的随机对照研究,并进行文献筛选、资料提取、质量评价和数据分析。结果纳入的26项研究涉及12种干预方法和2007例PSCI患者,网状Meta分析结果显示,相比常规康复训练和/或常规康复护理,认知训练(SMD=-1.30,95%CI-2.09~-0.52)、重复经颅磁刺激(SMD=-1.67,95%CI-2.54~-0.81;SMD=-2.34,95%CI-3.71~-0.97)、重复经颅磁刺激联合认知训练(SMD=-1.56,95%CI-2.76~-0.36;SMD=-2.23,95%CI-3.39~-1.07)、针刺联合认知训练(SMD=-2.31,95%CI-3.51~-1.12;SMD=-2.98,95%CI-4.13~-1.84)、虚拟现实技术(SMD=-1.01,95%CI-1.98~-0.04;SMD=-1.68,95%CI-2.98~-0.38)、计算机辅助认知训练联合认知训练(SMD=-2.50,95%CI-4.35~-0.65;SMD=-3.17,95%CI-4.99~-1.35)、音乐疗法(SMD=-1.47,95%CI-2.61~-0.33)、音乐疗法联合认知训练(SMD=-2.35,95%CI-4.04~-0.67)、工娱疗法(SMD=-2.11,95%CI-3.93~-0.30)、引导想象训练(SMD=-2.48,95%CI-4.00~-0.96)在改善PSCI患者认知功能方面差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05);工娱疗法(SMD=-3.57,95%CI-6.09~-1.04;SMD=-3.70,95%CI-7.22~-0.18)在改善PSCI患者日常生活活动能力方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。根据累积排序概率图下面积排序结果,针刺联合认知训练(89.2%)和工娱疗法(85.1%)分别在改善认知功能和日常生活活动能力方面居首位。结论针刺联合认知训练、工娱疗法分别对改善PSCI患者认知功能、日常生活活动能力效果最佳,但考虑纳入原始文献质量不高,尚需要更多大样本、高质量随机对照研究来进一步验证。
