Advanced Functional Electromagnetic Shielding Materials:A Review Based on Micro‑Nano Structure Interface Control of Biomass Cell Walls

Research efforts on electromagnetic interference(EMI)shielding materials have begun to converge on green and sustainable biomass materials.These materials offer numerous advantages such as being lightweight,porous,and hierarchical.Due to their porous nature,interfacial compatibility,and electrical conductivity,biomass materials hold significant potential as EMI shielding materials.Despite concerted efforts on the EMI shielding of biomass materials have been reported,this research area is still relatively new compared to traditional EMI shielding materials.In particular,a more comprehensive study and summary of the factors influencing biomass EMI shielding materials including the pore structure adjustment,preparation process,and micro-control would be valuable.The preparation methods and characteristics of wood,bamboo,cellulose and lignin in EMI shielding field are critically discussed in this paper,and similar biomass EMI materials are summarized and analyzed.The composite methods and fillers of various biomass materials were reviewed.this paper also highlights the mechanism of EMI shielding as well as existing prospects and challenges for development trends in this field.

High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation promotes neural stem cell proliferation after ischemic stroke

Prolife ration of neural stem cells is crucial for promoting neuronal regeneration and repairing cerebral infarction damage.Transcranial magnetic stimulation(TMS)has recently emerged as a tool for inducing endogenous neural stem cell regeneration,but its underlying mechanisms remain unclea r In this study,we found that repetitive TMS effectively promotes the proliferation of oxygen-glucose deprived neural stem cells.Additionally,repetitive TMS reduced the volume of cerebral infa rction in a rat model of ischemic stro ke caused by middle cerebral artery occlusion,im p roved rat cognitive function,and promoted the proliferation of neural stem cells in the ischemic penumbra.RNA-sequencing found that repetitive TMS activated the Wnt signaling pathway in the ischemic penumbra of rats with cerebral ischemia.Furthermore,PCR analysis revealed that repetitive TMS promoted AKT phosphorylation,leading to an increase in mRNA levels of cell cycle-related proteins such as Cdk2 and Cdk4.This effect was also associated with activation of the glycogen synthase kinase 3β/β-catenin signaling pathway,which ultimately promotes the prolife ration of neural stem cells.Subsequently,we validated the effect of repetitive TMS on AKT phosphorylation.We found that repetitive TMS promoted Ca2+influx into neural stem cells by activating the P2 calcium channel/calmodulin pathway,thereby promoting AKT phosphorylation and activating the glycogen synthase kinase 3β/β-catenin pathway.These findings indicate that repetitive TMS can promote the proliferation of endogenous neural stem cells through a Ca2+influx-dependent phosphorylated AKT/glycogen synthase kinase 3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.This study has produced pioneering res ults on the intrinsic mechanism of repetitive TMS to promote neural function recove ry after ischemic stro ke.These results provide a stro ng scientific foundation for the clinical application of repetitive TMS.Moreover,repetitive TMS treatment may not only be an efficient and potential approach to support neurogenesis for further therapeutic applications,but also provide an effective platform for the expansion of neural stem cells.

Clogging caused by coupled grain migration and compaction effect during groundwater recharge for unconsolidated sandstone reservoir in groundwater-source heat pump

In unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs,presence of numerous movable grains and a complex grain size composition necessitates a clear understanding of the physical clogging process for effective groundwater recharge in groundwater-source heat pump systems.To investigate this,a series of seepage experiments was conducted under in situ stress conditions using unconsolidated sandstone samples with varying grain compositions.The clogging phenomenon arises from the combined effects of grain migration and compaction,wherein the migration of both original and secondary crushed fine-grain particles blocks the seepage channels.Notably,grain composition influences the migration and transport properties of the grains.For samples composed of smaller grains,the apparent permeability demonstrates a transition from stability to decrease.In contrast,samples with larger grains experience a skip at the stability stage and directly enter the decrease stage,with a minor exception of a slight increase observed.Furthermore,a unique failure mode characterized by diameter shrinkage in the upper part of the sample is observed due to the combined effects of grain migration and in situ stress-induced compaction.These testing results contribute to a better understanding of the clogging mechanism caused by the coupled effects of grain migration and compaction during groundwater recharge in unconsolidated sandstone reservoirs used in groundwater-source heat pump systems.

孤立子内波引起的高号简正波到达时间起伏

在新泽西附近海域进行的浅海实验(SW'06)观测到了大量的孤立子内波。利用SW'06海洋环境资料分析了有无孤立子内波存在时的脉冲声到达时间起伏。发现当孤立子内波出现时,1号简正波到达时间较为稳定,而一些高号简正波到达时间比第1号简正波提前,且随着温跃层深度变化而起伏。经射线理论分析表明:由于孤立子内波出现,导致温跃层深度下降,进而引起满足一定掠射角条件的高号简正波将主要在温跃层上传播。这类高号简正波到达时间对孤立子内波活动敏感,有可能被用来监测浅海中的孤立子内波。

A Study of the English Translation of Characteristic Cuisines of the Hexi Corridor from the Perspective of Multimodal Discourse Analysis

Given the diversity of geographical and cultural backgrounds,it is difficult to find precise counterparts of many food-related vocabularies in the unique dietary culture of the Hexi Corridor in the target language,making it challenging to fully convey the essence of its local dietary culture in translation.To achieve the purpose of translation,the theory of multimodal discourse analysis provides an ideal translation approach through the language mode,image mode,sound mode,and the synergistic effect of multimodalities,which can accurately address the deficiencies in the translation of dietary culture.Through this research,it is not only possible to highlight the unique charm of the dietary culture of the Hexi Corridor but also to build a bridge for its international dissemination,promoting cross-border cultural exchanges and mutual understanding.

乳酸促脂溢性脱发小鼠毛发生长研究

通过除去C57BL/6小鼠背部毛发及涂抹睾酮建立脂溢性脱发模型,研究乳酸对脂溢性脱发小鼠毛发生长,毛囊生长周期及生长因子的影响。将60只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为正常组,模型组,米诺地尔酊阳性组,乳酸高、中、低剂量组,并分别在脱毛区涂抹相对应的药物。连续给药24天,记录小鼠皮肤颜色变化时间、脱毛区毛发生长状况以及毛囊组织学特征和毛囊数目的变化;使用Elisa试剂盒检测小鼠体内KGF,VEGF和TGF-β1的质量浓度。结果表明,与模型组、正常组相比较,乳酸能显著促进脂溢性脱发小鼠毛发生长,增加小鼠毛发重量和给药实验区域皮肤毛囊数量,同时上调小鼠皮肤中KGF和VEGF质量浓度,降低小鼠皮肤中TGF-β1质量浓度,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中以中剂量10g/L乳酸溶液效果最佳,可加快小鼠毛发生长、促进小鼠毛囊生长期转化进程,抑制脂溢性脱发症状,其疗效与阳性药米诺地尔酊效果相当(P>0.05),可制成日用洗护产品预防脱发,为脂溢性脱发患者提供更多选择。

长链非编码RNA在宫颈癌中的表达及预后价值

目的研究长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)在宫颈癌中的表达水平,鉴定在宫颈癌组织中异常表达的lncRNA,初步分析其功能,并评估其预后价值。方法宫颈癌组织和癌旁组织的转录组数据下载自癌症基因组图谱(TCGA),结合Genecode数据库中lncRNA注释信息,获取lncRNA的表达数据。通过limma软件包鉴定在宫颈癌组织和癌旁组织中差异表达的lncRNA;同时对存在差异表达的lncRNA进行生存分析和功能预测。结果在宫颈癌组织和癌旁组织中差异表达的lncRNA有554个,其中在宫颈癌组织中表达下调245个,上调309个(校正后P<0.05,倍数变化绝对值>2)。生存分析鉴定出11个与宫颈癌患者总体生存率相关的差异表达lncRNA(P<0.01)。京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)代谢途径富集分析显示这些lncRNA参与到环磷酸鸟苷酸-环磷酸鸟苷酸依赖的蛋白激酶(cGMP-PKG)信号通路、钙信号通路和细胞间隙连接等肿瘤发生、发展相关代谢途径。结论通过对宫颈癌lncRNA数据的分析,鉴定11个具有预后意义的lncRNA,这些lncRNA有可能为宫颈癌治疗提供新的靶点和预后监测标志物。

全腹腔镜与腹腔镜辅助行远端胃癌毕Ⅰ式吻合术后并发症的影响因素分析

目的探讨腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术行毕I式吻合术后并发症发生的危险因素。方法选取2014年6月-2016年12月该院收治的134例远端胃癌患者,其中83例行腹腔镜辅助远端胃癌根治术,51例行全腹腔镜远端胃癌根治术;比较两种手术方式术后并发症发生率并分析术后并发症发生率的高危因素。结果术后共16例(11.94%)出现并发症,其中严重并发症3例(2.24%)。两种手术方式术后并发症发生率比较有差异(10.84%vs 13.73%;χ~2=0.250,P=0.617)。术后并发症与年龄、术前合并症、手术时间及手术出血量和术者经验有关(P<0.05),而与性别、体重指数(BMI)、术前白蛋白、术前血红蛋白、手术方式、病理分化类型、肿瘤大小、肿瘤T分期、N分期及TNM分期无关(P>0.05)。中度、重度术前合并症和术者经验是影响术后并发症发生的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论全腹腔镜下毕Ⅰ式吻合治疗远端胃癌安全可行。但对中度、重度术前合并症及术者经验缺乏的患者,需警惕术后并发症的发生。

A journey to understand wheat Fusarium head blight resistance in the Chinese wheat landrace Wangshuibai

Fusarium head blight(FHB) or scab caused by Fusarium graminearum is a major threat to wheat production in China as well as in the world. To combat this disease, multiple efforts have been carried out internationally. In this article, we review our long-time effort in identifying the resistance genes and dissecting the resistance mechanisms by both forward and reverse genetics approaches in the last two decades. We present recent progress in resistance QTL identification, candidate functional gene discovery, marker-assisted improvement of FHB resistant varieties, and findings in investigating association of signal molecules, such as Ca^(++),SA, JA, and ET, with FHB response, with the assistance from rapidly growing genomics platforms. The information will be helpful for designing novel and efficient approaches to curb FHB.

Metal-organic frameworks MOF-808-X as highly efficient catalysts for direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from CO_2 and methanol

A series of metal-organic frameworks MOF-808-X(6-connected)were synthesized by regulating the ZrOCl2·8H2O/1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid(BTC)molar ratio(X)and tested for the direct synthesis of dimethyl carbonate(DMC)from CO2 and CH3OH with 1,1,1-trimethoxymethane(TMM)as a dehydrating agent.The effect of the ZrOCl2·8H2O/BTC molar ratio on the physicochemical properties and catalytic performance of MOF-808-X was investigated.Results showed that a proper ZrOCl2·8H2O/BTC molar ratio during MOF-808-X synthesis was fairly important to reduce the redundant BTC or zirconium clusters trapped in the micropores of MOF-808-X.MOF-808-4,with almost no redundant BTC or zirconium clusters trapped in the micropores,exhibited the largest surface area,micropore size,and the number of acidic-basic sites,and consequently showed the best activity among all MOF-808-X,with the highest DMC yield of 21.5% under the optimal reaction conditions.Moreover,benefiting from the larger micropore size,MOF-808-4 outperformed our previously reported UiO-66-24(12-connected),which had even more acidic-basic sites and larger surface area than MOF-808-4,mainly because the larger micropore size of MOF-808-4 provided higher accessibility for the reactant to the active sites located in the micropores.Furthermore,a possible reaction mechanism over MOF-808-4 was proposed based on the in situ FT-IR results.The effects of different reaction parameters on DMC formation and the reusability of MOF-808-X were also studied.

Pt nanoparticles encapsulated on V_(2)O_(5)nanosheets carriers as efficient catalysts for promoted aerobic oxidative desulfurization performance

Platinum group metals(PGMs)usually exhibit promising aerobic catalytic abilities,providing a green and feasible oxidative desulfurization method.However,often,the PGM nanoparticles(NPs)get leached,and the catalysts are deactivated.In this work,Pt NPs with particle sizes of approximately 4–5 nm were encapsulated effectively and uniformly on the surface of vanadium pentoxide(V2O5)nanosheets(with thicknesses of approximately six atomic layers)through strong metal-support interactions.The synthesized catalysts promote catalytic aerobic oxidation reactions,realizing deep desulfurization(99.1%,<5μg g^(–1))under atmospheric pressure and 110℃reaction temperature.Remarkable degrees of sulfur removal could be achieved for oils with different initial S-concentrations and substrates.Additionally,the as-prepared catalysts could be recycled for reuse at least seven times.

Vertical profile of aerosol extinction based on the measurement of O4 of multi-elevation angles with MAX-DOAS

A method for aerosol extinction profile retrieval using ground-based multi-axis differential optical absorption spectroscopy(MAX-DOAS)is studied,which is based on a look-up table algorithm.The algorithm uses parametric method to represent aerosol extinction profiles and simulate different atmospheric aerosol states through atmospheric radiation transfer model.Based on the method,aerosol extinction profile was obtained during six cloud-free days.The O4 differential air mass factor(dAMF)measured by MAX-DOAS is compared with the corresponding model results under different atmospheric conditions(R^2=0.78).The aerosol optical thickness,aerosol weight factor in boundary layer,and the height of the boundary layer are obtained after the process of minimization and look-up table method.The retrieved aerosol extinction in boundary layer is compared with PM2.5 data measured by ground point instrument.The diurnal variation trends of the two methods are in good agreement.The correlation coefficients of the two methods are 0.71 when the aerosol optical thickness is smaller than 0.5.The results show that the look-up table method can obtain the aerosol state of the troposphere and provide validation for other instrument data.

Prevalence of amblyopia among preschool children in central south China

AIM: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with amblyopia among children aged 30-83 mo in central south of China.METHODS: A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in children aged 30-83 mo in Changsha(an urban city) and Zhangjiajie(a rural area) in central south of China. Clinical examinations including ocular alignment, ocular motility, visual acuity(VA), prism cover test, cycloplegic refraction, slit lamp examination and fundus examination were performed by trained study ophthalmologists and optometrists. Unilateral amblyopia was defined as a 2-line difference between eyes with VA<20/32 in the worse eye and with coexisting anisometropia [≥1.00 D spherical eutivalent(SE) for hyperopia, ≥3.00 D SE for myopia, and ≥1.50 D for astigmatism], strabismus, or past or present visual axis obstruction. Bilateral amblyopia was defined as VA in both eyes <20/40(≥ 48-month-old) and <20/50(< 48-month-old), with coexisting hyperopia ≥4.00 D SE, myopia ≤-6.00 D SE, and astigmatism ≥2.50 D, or past or present visual axis obstruction.RESULTS: There were 8042 children enrolled and 7713 children were screened. The amblyopia prevalence in children aged 30-83 mo was 1.09%(95% confidence interval, 0.86%-1.35%) with no age(P=0.81), gender(P=0.46) or area distribution(P=0.93) differences. Of these, 0.68% were unilateral cases and 0.41% were bilateral cases. Underlying causes included anisometropia(40%), binocular refractive error(36%), strabismus(14%) and deprivation(10%). Hyperopia combined with astigmatism was the frequent refractive error for ametropic and anisometropic amblyopia.CONCLUSION: In this rural and urban Chinese population, 1.09% of children with 30-83 mo of age had amblyopia, a prevalence rate similar to that of many other studies. Anisometropia and refractive error are the most common causes of unilateral and bilateral amblyopia respectively.

C-C chemokine receptor type 2-overexpressing exosomes alleviated experimental post-stroke cognitive impairment by enhancing microglia/macrophage M2 polarization

BACKGROUND Human-derived mesenchymal stromal cells have been shown to improve cognitive function following experimental stroke.The activity of exosomes has been verified to be comparable to the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stromal cells.However,the effects of exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells(HUC-MSCs)(ExoCtrl)on post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI)have rarely been reported.Moreover,whether exosomes derived from C-C chemokine receptor type 2(CCR2)-overexpressing HUC-MSCs(ExoCCR2)can enhance the therapeutic effects on PSCI and the possible underlying mechanisms have not been studied.AIM To investigate the effects of ExoCtrl on PSCI and whether ExoCCR2 can enhance therapeutic effects on PSCI.METHODS Transmission electron microscopy,qNano®particles analyzer,and Western blotting were employed to determine the morphology and CCR2 expression of ExoCtrl or ExoCCR2.ELISA was used to study the binding capacity of exosomes to CC chemokine ligand 2(CCL2)in vivo.After the intravenous injection of ExoCtrl or ExoCCR2 into experimental rats,the effect of ExoCtrl and ExoCCR2 on PSCI was assessed by Morris water maze.Remyelination and oligodendrogenesis were analyzed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence microscopy.QRT-PCR and immunofluorescence microscopy were conducted to compare the microglia/macrophage polarization.The infiltration and activation of hematogenous macrophages were analyzed by Western blotting and transwell migration analysis.RESULTS CCR2-overexpressing HUC-MSCs loaded the CCR2 receptor into their exosomes.The morphology and diameter distribution between ExoCtrl and ExoCCR2 showed no significant difference.ExoCCR2 bound significantly to CCL2 but ExoCtrl showed little CCL2 binding.Although both ExoCCR2 and ExoCtrl showed beneficial effects on PSCI,oligodendrogenesis,remyelination,and microglia/macrophage polarization,ExoCCR2 exhibited a significantly superior beneficial effect.We also found that ExoCCR2 could suppress the CCL2-induced macrophage migration and activation in vivo and in vitro,compared with ExoCtrl treated group.CONCLUSION CCR2 over-expression enhanced the therapeutic effects of exosomes on the experimental PSCI by promoting M2 microglia/macrophage polarization,enhancing oligodendrogenesis and remyelination.These therapeutic effects are likely through suppressing the CCL2-induced hematogenous macrophage migration and activation.Key words:Cognitive impairment;Stroke;Exosomes;C-C chemokine receptor type 2;Microglia/macrophage polarization;Remyelination.

In-situ testing study on convection and temperature characteristics of a new crushed-rock slope embankment design in a permafrost region

For the purpose of enhancing air convection and controlling solar radiation, a new crushed-rock slope embankment design combined with a sun-shade measure is proposed. A newly designed embankment was constructed in the Tuotuohe section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and a field-testing experiment was carried out to determine its convection and temperature characteristics. The results show that distinct air convection occurred in the crushed-rock layer of the new embankment, especially in cold seasons, which was enhanced when it flowed upwards along the slope. This preliminarily indicated that the new design of the embankment slope was good for reinforcing air convection in the crushed-rock layer. The frequent fluctuations of the convection speed and the environmental wind speed were in good agreement, suggesting that the convection in the crushed rock primarily came from the ambient wind. It was also preliminarily determined that the new embankment had a better cooling effect and sun-shade effect for decreasing the temperature of the embankment slope compared with a traditional crushed-rock slope embankment, and the mean temperature difference between them was up to 1.7 °C. The mean annual temperature at the bottom boundary of the crushed-rock layer was obviously lower than that at the top boundary, and heat flux calculation showed that the shallow soil beneath the embankment slope was weakly releasing heat, all of which indicated that the new embankment slope design was beneficial to the thermal stability of the embankment. This study is helpful in providing some references for improved engineering design and maintenance of roadbeds in permafrost regions.

Shallow Water Modal Evolution Due to Nonlinear Internal Waves

Acoustic modal behavior is reported for an L-shape hydrophone array during the passage of a strong nonlinear internal wave packet. Acoustic track is nearly parallel to the front of nonlinear internal waves. Through modal decomposition at the vertical array, acoustic modes are identified. Modal evolution along the horizontal array then is examined during a passing internal wave. Strong intensity fluctuations of individual modes are observed before and during the internal waves packet passes the fixed acoustic track showing a detailed evolution of the waveguide modal behavior. Acoustic refraction created either uneven distribution of modal energy over the horizontal array or additional returns observable at the entire L-shape array. Acoustic ray-mode simulations are used to phenomenologically explain the observed modal behavior.

Intravitreal injection of resveratrol inhibits laser-induced murine choroidal neovascularization

AIM:To determine the effects of intravitreal resveratrol(RSV)on murine laser-induced choroidal neovascularization(CNV).METHODS:The toxicity of RSV to choroidal endothelial cell(CEC)was measured using thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide(M一)assay.Effects of RSV on choroidal endothelial cell(CEC)migration were evaluated with a modified Boyden chamber assay,while tube formation was evaluated in a 2-D gel assay.CNV was induced by laser photocoagulation in mice.The effects of intravitreal injection of RSV on CNV development were evaluated by fluorescein angiography(FA),confocal analysis of isolectin B4 labeled choroidal flat mounts,and histologic examination of CNV membranes.Immunostaining was used to analyze the expression and phosphorylation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2).RESULTS:No significant cell toxicity was observed in CEC if the concentration of RSV was less than 200 pmol/L(P>0.05).RSV inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)-induced CEC migration(P<0.05)and tube formation(P<0.05)invitro.Furthermore,intravitrealinjectionof RSV significantly inhibited laser induced CNV formation in mice.The FA leakage,CNV volume and CNV area analysis revealed that there were 41%,45%,and 58%reduction in RSV-treated eyes(1.691±0.1032,178163±78623μm^3 and 6508±619.0μm^2,respectively)compared with those in control(2.724±0.08447,379676±98382μm3and16576±2646μm^2,respectively;P<0.05).Phospho-VEGFR2expression was much weaker in the sections of CNV lesions in RSV injected mice compared with that in control(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Intravitreal injection of RSV exerts an inhibitory effect on CNV,which may through suppressing endothelial cell migration,tube formation and VEGFR2 phosphorylation.

Influence of Collective Esophageal Speech Training on Self-efficacy in Chinese Laryngectomees:A Pretest-posttest Group Study

Total laryngectomy affects the speaking functions of many patients.Speech deprivation has great impacts on the quality of life of patients,especially on self-efficacy.Learning esophageal speech represents a way to help laryngectomees speak again.The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of collective esophageal speech training on self-efficacy of laryngectomees.In this study,28 patients and 30 family members were included.The participants received information about training via telephone or a WeChat group.Collective esophageal speech training was used to educate laryngectomees on esophageal speech.Before and after collective esophageal speech training,all participants completed the General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES)to assess their perceptions on self-efficacy.Through the training,laryngectomees recovered their speech.After the training,the self-efficacy scores of laryngectomees were higher than those before the training,with significant differences noted(P<0.05).However,family members'scores did not change significantly.In conclusion,collective esophageal speech training is not only convenient and economical,but also improves self-efficacy and confidence of laryngectomees.Greater self-efficacy is helpful for laryngectomees to master esophageal speech and improve their quality of life.In addition,more attention should be focused on improving the self-efficacy of family members and making them give full play to their talent and potential on laryngectomees'voice rehabilitation.

Voltage-controllable magnetic skyrmion dynamics for spiking neuron device applications

Voltage-controlled magnetic skyrmions have attracted special attention because they satisfy the requirements for well-controlled high-efficiency and energy saving for future skyrmion-based neuron device applications.In this work,we propose a compact leaky-integrate-fire(LIF)spiking neuron device by using the voltage-driven skyrmion dynamics in a multiferroic nanodisk structure.The skyrmion dynamics is controlled by well tailoring voltage-induced piezostrains,where the skyrmion radius can be effectively modulated by applying the piezostrain pulses.Like the biological neuron,the proposed skyrmionic neuron will accumulate a membrane potential as skyrmion radius is varied by inputting the continuous piezostrain spikes,and the skyrmion radius will return to the initial state in the absence of piezostrain.Therefore,this skyrmion radius-based membrane potential will reach a definite threshold value by the strain stimuli and then reset by removing the stimuli.Such the LIF neuronal functionality and the behaviors of the proposed skyrmionic neuron device are elucidated through the micromagnetic simulation studies.Our results may benefit the utilization of skyrmionic neuron for constructing the future energy-efficient and voltage-tunable spiking neural networks.

Rational architecture design of yolk/double-shells Si-based anode material with double buffering carbon layers for high performance lithium-ion battery

Among the many strategies to fabricate the silicon/carbon composite,yolk/double-shells structure can be regarded as an effective strategy to overcome the intrinsic defects of Si-based anode materials for Li-ion batteries(LIBs).Hereon,a facile and inexpensive technology to prepare silicon/carbon composite with yolk/double-shells structure is proposed,in which the double buffering carbon shells are fabricated.The silicon/carbon nanoparticles with core-shell structure are encapsulated by SiO_(2)and external carbon layer,and it shows the yolk/double-shells structure via etching the SiO_(2)sacrificial layer.The multiply shells structure not only significantly improves the electrical conductivity of composite,but also effectively prevents the exposure of Si particles from the electrolyte composition.Meanwhile,the yolk/double-shells structure can provide enough space to accommodate the volume change of the electrode during charge/discharge process and avoid the pulverization of Si particles.Moreover,the as-prepared YDS-Si/C shows excellent performance as anode of LIBs,the reversible capacity is as high as 1066 mA h g^(-1) at the current density of 0.5 A g^(-1) after 200 cycles.At the same time,the YDS-Si/C has high capacity retention and good cyclic stability.Therefore,the unique architecture design of yolk/double-shells for Si/C composite provides an instructive exploration for the development of next generation anode materials of LIBs with high electrochemical performances and structural stability.