河南省嵩县九仗沟-东湾金矿区深部地球物理特征与找矿预测

深部金属矿探测是目前资源勘查的重要课题和方向,地球物理方法探测深度大、分辨率高,是深部金属矿探测最有效的手段之一。河南省嵩县九仗沟—东湾矿区处于熊耳山—外方山矿集区内的蛮峪—店房金矿带之北段,目前九仗沟—东湾矿区已发现的金矿床主要为500 m以浅深度,深部(500~2000 m)找矿勘查工作基本为空白。为了查明九仗沟—东湾矿区深、边部成矿潜力,实现接替资源找矿突破,在九仗沟—东湾矿区主矿段南北两端延伸方向上,布设EH-4双源大地电磁测深和大功率激电测深剖面。以九仗沟—东湾金矿床为背景,在分析地质背景、岩石物理性质基础上,综合区域重磁资料、物探剖面反演结果,分析各物探方法异常特征,厘清了研究区内与金矿有关的F1构造破碎蚀变带深部空间分布特征等信息,揭示了研究区内深部F1构造带附近的中低电阻、高极化区为找矿有利部位,根据此特征在500~2000 m深度范围内确定了4个深部预测找矿靶区,为下一步找矿勘查提供了相关依据。研究方法和成果为区域上开展同类型金矿床的深部找矿工作提供了思路和方向,具有重要的指导和实践意义。

红细胞分布宽度、系统免疫炎症指数与重性抑郁障碍的相关性研究

目的探讨外周血红细胞分布宽度(red blood cell distribution width,RDW)、系统免疫炎症指数(systemic immune-inflammation index,SⅡ)与重性抑郁障碍(major depressive disorder,MDD)的相关性。方法回顾性分析2020-2022年于我院临床心理科住院的176例MDD患者和常规体检的209例非MDD对照者的临床资料。从血液分析结果中,得到RDW、SⅡ、红细胞分布宽度与血小板计数比值(RDW to platelet ratio,RPR)。绘制受试者操作特征(receiver operator characteristic,ROC)曲线以确定RDW区分患者与对照的最佳临界值及曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)。结果MDD组患者的RDW[中位数及四分位数:13.20(12.70,13.98)vs.12.80(12.40,13.35)]、SⅡ水平[中位数及四分位数:510.87(350.95,878.12)vs.405.33(313.74,539.92)]高于非MDD组对照者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组间RPR差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,调整混杂因素后,RDW与MDD呈正关联(OR=3.086,95%CI:1.926~4.944)。ROC曲线结果显示,RDW区分MDD与非MDD的最佳临界值为12.85,AUC为0.647(95%CI:0.592~0.702;P<0.001)。结论高RDW可能是MDD发生的危险因素,是对MDD诊断有价值的重要参数。

基于深度强化学习的综合航电系统安全性优化方法

为解决传统基于人工检查的安全性设计方法难以应对航电系统大规模集成带来的可选驻留方案爆炸问题,构建航电系统分区模型、任务模型以及安全关键等级量化模型,将考虑安全性的综合化设计优化问题模型化为马尔可夫决策过程(MDP)问题,并提出一种基于Actor-Critic框架的柔性动作-评价(SAC)算法的优化方法;为得到SAC算法的参数选择和训练结果之间的相关性,针对算法参数灵敏度开展研究;同时,为验证基于SAC算法的优化方法在优化考虑安全性的综合化设计方面的优越性,以深度确定性策略梯度(DDPG)算法和传统分配算法为对象,开展优化对比试验。结果表明:在最佳的参数组合下,使用的SAC算法收敛后的最大奖励相较于其他参数组合提升近8%,同时,收敛时间缩短近16.6%;相较于DDPG算法和传统分配算法,基于SAC算法的优化方法在相同的参数设置下获得的最大奖励、约束累计违背率、分区均衡风险效果、分区资源利用以及求解时间方面最大提升分别为62%、7464%、8370%、2123%和775%。

蛋白激酶mTOR调控心肌细胞衰老机制的研究进展

人口老龄化导致心血管疾病的发病率持续增高,机体衰老和心肌细胞衰老常相伴而行。心肌细胞衰老的特征主要表现为氧化应激增加、细胞周期活动停滞、代谢紊乱等,其主要与细胞自噬、线粒体功能障碍、端粒缩短以及慢性炎症等途径有关。在这些导致心肌细胞衰老的途径中,常伴有蛋白激酶的异常表达和功能障碍。蛋白激酶mTOR可通过激活一系列级联反应参与衰老相关的心血管疾病的发生和发展。现就mTOR调节心肌细胞衰老的机制进行讨论并总结,提示mTOR未来可能成为预防或治疗心肌细胞衰老的重要靶点。

数据驱动的学校周边道路拥堵识别

为定量分析多个中小学周边道路拥堵情况,针对性地改善学校周边拥堵状况,对比通学时期与非通学时期的交通拥堵数据.建立学校周边道路拥堵指标,通过拥堵评价函数,分析各道路受周边学校出行影响的程度,识别重点拥堵道路.提出了一种基于地图开放平台获取交通大数据的算法,对南京主城区79所中小学周边道路进行实例分析,给出了各道路受学校出行影响的拥堵值.结果表明:在通学期间交通整体拥堵程度高于非通学时期,通学时期平均拥堵指数为1.973,非通学时期平均拥堵指数为1.664,通学时期比非通学时期平均拥堵指数提高了18.57%.

考虑城乡异质性的电动自行车头盔佩戴行为建模与分析

电动自行车在成为居民短途出行主要交通工具的同时,与其相关的交通安全问题日益突出。正确佩戴头盔可以降低骑行者交通事故的死亡风险,然而统计数据显示,目前全国仍有近一半骑行者在骑行时不佩戴头盔,电动自行车的事故后果无法得到有效控制。较城市而言,乡镇拥有更多的电动自行车保有量,由于道路崎岖、交通建设不完善等原因更容易发生道路交通事故,尤其大量骑行者不佩戴头盔。为明确城市与乡镇骑手头盔佩戴行为异质机理,深入剖析骑手不佩戴头盔的深层原因,运用差异性检验和二项Logistic回归模型,分析骑行者特征、个体头盔认知、执法环境等因素对城市与乡镇骑手头盔佩戴行为的综合影响。研究结果表明:相较于长期生活在城市的群体,乡镇群体的主观安全意识偏弱,对头盔使用时存在的障碍(阻碍视野、不便利性等)较为关注;城市群体对交警执法活动较为敏感,并且在城市中出行时间越长的人越可能佩戴头盔;对于乡镇群体,头盔的保护效能以及价格是他们决策头盔佩戴行为考虑的重要因素。研究结果有助于交警进一步开展安全教育宣传以及执法活动,促进骑行者佩戴头盔安全出行。

河南嵩县九仗沟金矿床地球化学特征与勘查模式

九仗沟金矿位于熊耳山—外方山矿集区内的蛮峪—店房金矿带北段,是典型的大型构造蚀变岩型金矿床。采用1/5万水系沉积物测量圈定了找矿靶区,1/1万土壤地球化学测量确定了矿化富集部位,岩石地球化学(原生晕)测量识别出构造破碎带和矿化强度,并预测矿体相对剥蚀程度。研究表明:不同尺度地球化学测量为该金矿勘查提供了不同阶段的找矿信息,找矿效果显著。其中,利用水系沉积物测量在九仗沟矿区范围内圈定了11-丙-Au异常,利用土壤地球化学测量发现了九仗沟1-甲_(1)-Au-Ag-Pb-Cu-Hg-As-Bi-Ni异常,利用原生晕剖面微量元素峰值部位确定了F_(1)构造矿化蚀变带。通过总结该矿床地球化学异常特征和找矿标志,建立了勘查地球化学模式,为区域及矿区周边相同类型的金矿勘查提供理论指导。

全国森林火灾形势及其时空聚集性特征分析

为进一步研究全国森林火灾发生的时间规律与空间聚集性特征,基于全国2004—2022年度、2015—2021年月度的森林火灾发生次数及2017年31个省(自治区、直辖市)水文地理条件数据,利用Prophet时间序列模型与模糊聚类分析法对森林火灾特征进行分析。结果表明:Prophet时间序列模型在森林火灾预测领域具有良好的适用性;时间规律方面,2004—2022年森林火灾次数呈先下降后上升再下降趋势,且季节因素影响突出,节假日影响因素不显著;空间聚集性方面,31个省(自治区、直辖市)可大致分为7个类别,其分类基本与地域特点有关。研究结果可为挖掘森林火灾时空分布及聚集性特征提供参考。

美国科学教育评估的新动向及启示——基于NAEP2028科学评估框架的分析

教育评价改革关乎科学教育的高质量发展。为适应未来经济社会发展和提升教育全球竞争力,美国时隔20年后对NAEP科学评估框架进行了结构性更新。NAEP 2028科学评估框架以科学学科概念、科学与工程实践、科学跨学科概念作为三大测评维度,重视依托高质量的情境,设计具有连贯性、进阶性和整合性的多样化测试题目,同时将科学意义建构理念贯穿所有测试题目,并采用数字化手段实施测评。为尽可能避免因简单归因产生的误区,NAEP测评结果报告强调结合特定背景变量进行分析。借鉴美国经验,我国科学教育评价改革应立足科学素养目标,关注真实情境创设,积极推进评价数字化转型,并注重结合背景变量对评价结果进行多维解释。

大地微动测深与时间域激电测深在金矿床中的勘查应用——以河南省嵩县东湾金矿床为例

河南省嵩县东湾金矿是受陡倾斜断裂构造带控制的构造蚀变岩型矿床,其近南北向断裂构造F_(1)是该矿区的主要含(控)矿构造,沿该含(控)矿构造F_(1)向深部仍存在大规模成矿的可能。传统物探方法为以往矿区中浅部找矿勘查起到了良好的指导作用,但难以适应目前矿区对深部探测的需求,常规的大深度、高分辨率电磁探测方法则因受该矿区较强的电磁干扰和复杂的人文因素制约了其应用。为提高探测精度和深度,确定含(控)矿构造F_(1)在深部的延伸状态及高极化体赋存位置,采用不受电磁背景干扰、探测深度大、分辨率高的大地微动测深与可提供深部金矿化蚀变信息的大功率时间域激电测深联合勘查。根据获得的视S波速度(V_(x))、视电阻率(ρ_(s))和视极化率(η_(s))异常,结合已知地质剖面先验信息,有效地识别了不同岩性地层界面,推测含(控)矿构造F_(1)在纵向上的空间展布特征,认为沿F_(1)构造带的中-低速度、中-低电阻、高极化区为找矿有利部位,据此圈定了深部找矿靶区,为该矿区深部找矿勘查提供了良好的地球物理依据。该研究方法及结果可为东湾金矿区及周边类似矿区深部勘查提供参考。

Spatial Variation in CO_(2) Concentration Improves the Simulated Surface Air Temperature Increase in the Northern Hemisphere

The increasing concentration of atmospheric CO_(2) since the Industrial Revolution has affected surface air temperature.However,the impact of the spatial distribution of atmospheric CO_(2) concentration on surface air temperature biases remains highly unclear.By incorporating the spatial distribution of satellite-derived atmospheric CO_(2) concentration in the Beijing Normal University Earth System Model,this study investigated the increase in surface air temperature since the Industrial Revolution in the Northern Hemisphere(NH) under historical conditions from 1976-2005.In comparison with the increase in surface temperature simulated using a uniform distribution of CO_(2),simulation with a nonuniform distribution of CO_(2)produced better agreement with the Climatic Research Unit(CRU) data in the NH under the historical condition relative to the baseline over the period 1901-30.Hemispheric June-July-August(JJA) surface air temperature increased by 1.28℃ ±0.29℃ in simulations with a uniform distribution of CO_(2),by 1.00℃±0.24℃ in simulations with a non-uniform distribution of CO_(2),and by 0.24℃ in the CRU data.The decrease in downward shortwave radiation in the non-uniform CO_(2) simulation was primarily attributable to reduced warming in Eurasia,combined with feedbacks resulting from increased leaf area index(LAI) and latent heat fluxes.These effects were more pronounced in the non-uniform CO_(2)simulation compared to the uniform CO_(2) simulation.Results indicate that consideration of the spatial distribution of CO_(2)concentration can reduce the overestimated increase in surface air temperature simulated by Earth system models.

迈向公平包容的教育数字化:OECD国家的动向研究

公平包容的教育数字化转型已成为全球范围内数字教育的价值共识和目标指向。OECD国家在纵深推进教育数字化转型的进程中,曾面临技术、资源与主体等诸多困境与挑战。近年来,经过系统性规划调整后,OECD国家采取了多维积极举措以缩小数字鸿沟,推进公平包容的教育数字化转型。在政策之维,颁布系列法规,蕴含数字公平包容理念;制定规划方案,聚焦主体数字素养发展;完善制度保障,明确资源供给保障机制。在实践之维,重视技术指涉向度,通过强化技术设计与开发、细化技术审查与应用、优化技术资源的分配,以构建新形态技术链;统筹各方力量参与,通过界清管理部门的行政职责、加强与私营企业合作关系、发挥社区的服务支持作用,以汇聚多元主体合力。在评价之维,确立科学合理的测评指标,督导评估机构的监测水平,关注数据使用的伦理安全。这些举措可为我国迈向愈加公平包容的教育数字化提供有益借鉴。

Hepatic amyloidosis in a patient with chronic liver failure:A case report

BACKGROUND Amyloidosis is a rare disorder that can be classified into various types,and the most common type is the systemic light chain type.The prognosis of this disease is extremely poor.In general,amyloidosis mainly affects the kidneys and heart and manifests as abnormal proliferation of clonal plasma cells.Cases in which the liver is the primary organ affected by amyloidosis,as in this report,are less common in clinical practice.CASE SUMMARY A 62-year-old man was admitted with persistent liver dysfunction of unknown cause and poor treatment outcomes.His condition persisted,and he developed chronic liver failure,with severe cholestasis in the later stage that was gradually accompanied by renal injury.Ultimately,he was diagnosed with hepatic amyloidosis through liver biopsy and pathological examination.CONCLUSION Hepatic amyloidosis rarely occurs in the clinic,and liver biopsy and pathological examination can assist in the accurate and effective diagnosis of this condition.

Clinical effect of operative vs nonoperative treatment on humeral shaft fractures:Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials

BACKGROUND Whether operation is superior to non-operation for humeral shaft fracture remains debatable.We hypothesized that operation could decrease the nonunion and reintervention rates and increase the functional outcomes.AIM To compare the clinical efficacy between operative and nonoperative approaches for humeral shaft fractures.METHODS We searched the PubMed,Web of Science,ScienceDirect,and Cochrane databases from 1990 to December 2023 for clinical trials and cohort studies comparing the effects of operative and conservative methods on humeral shaft fractures.Two investigators independently extracted data from the eligible studies,and the other two assessed the methodological quality of each study.The quality of the included studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk bias or Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.The nonunion,reintervention and the overall complications and functional scores were pooled and analyzed using Review Manager software(version 5.3).RESULTS A total of four randomized control trials and 13 cohort studies were included,with 1285 and 1346 patients in the operative and nonoperative groups,respectively.Patients in the operative group were treated with a plate or nail,whereas those in the conservative group were managed with splint or functional bracing.Four studies were assessed as having a high risk of bias,and the other 13 were of a low risk of bias according to the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale or Cochrane risk bias tool.The operative group had a significantly decreased rate of nonunion[odds ratio(OR)0.30;95%CI:0.23 to 0.40,reintervention(OR:0.33;95%CI:0.24 to 0.47),and overall complications(OR:0.62;95%CI:0.49 to 0.78)].The pooled effect of the Disabilities of Arm,Shoulder,and Hand score showed a significant difference at 3[mean difference(MD)-8.26;95%CI:-13.60 to-2.92],6(MD:-6.72;95%CI:-11.34 to-2.10),and 12 months(MD:-2.55;95%CI:-4.36 to-0.74).The pooled effect of Visual Analog Scale scores and the Constant-Murley score did not significantly differ between the two groups.CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis revealed a trend of rapid functional recovery and decreased rates of nonunion and reintervention after operation for humeral shaft fracture compared to conservative treatment.

Social Cost Analysis of Biological Control Technology for Crop Diseases and Insect Pests

With the rapid development of modern agriculture,the prevention and control of crop diseases and insect pests has become an important part to ensure the safety of agricultural production,the quality of agricultural products and the safety of agricultural ecological environment.Although the effect of traditional chemical prevention and control technology is remarkable,the health risks and environmental problems brought by it should not be ignored.As a green and environmentally friendly means of prevention and control,biological prevention and control technology has gradually become a hot research topic and a trend of agricultural production.This paper is intended to comprehensively evaluate the social costs of biological control technologies for crop diseases and pests,including the health risks reduced,environmental improvements,economic benefits,and barriers to promotion,and put forward corresponding policy recommendations.

Analysis of Economic Benefits Brought by Industrialization of Natural Enemy Insects

In the field of biological control of agricultural and forestry pests,natural enemy insects play an important role,constituting the core of modern integrated pest management(IPM)strategy,providing solid support for the zero growth goal of chemical pesticide use,and helping the sustainable development of green agriculture.The rise of the natural enemy insect industry has become a key driver of the transformation of green agriculture,injecting vitality into the sustainability and ecological protection of agriculture.With the increasing concern about food safety,environmental protection and ecological balance all over the world,the application scope of natural enemy insects as biological control means is constantly expanding.Its unique ecological adaptability and environmentally friendly characteristics help to reduce dependence on chemical pesticides,ensure the safety of agricultural products and maintain ecological diversity.The purpose of this study is to analyze the current situation of natural enemy insect industry,evaluate its cost and benefit,emphasize its great significance in promoting the transformation of green agriculture,improving production efficiency and promoting ecological protection by drawing lessons from foreign successful experiences,and explore an efficient and sustainable new agricultural development model.

Major Diseases and Pests of Blueberry in Guizhou Province and Progress in Their Prevention and Control

As the blueberry industry continues to evolve,the effective control of its diseases and pests has become an essential component of local agricultural development.This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the principal types of blueberry diseases and pests in Guizhou Province,along with the corresponding control measures,in order to serve as a valuable reference for blueberry growers.

基于科学知识图谱的自动驾驶技术接受度研究综述

针对自动驾驶技术接受度问题,应用科学知识图谱,从文献数量年变化、国家合作、出版物期刊、影响因素以及数据分析方法,对自动驾驶技术接受度领域的研究发展进程与知识网络关系进行分析与可视化.结果表明:美国、德国、中国是该领域的主要贡献国家;安全性是影响公众接受度的首要因素,信任、态度、感知易用性、感知有用性和感知风险是影响自动驾驶技术接受度的关键心理因素;描述性统计与方差分析、回归分析、结构方程模型、Logit模型以及Probit模型是该领域的主要研究方法;现有研究的接受度理论模型的解释力度较低,同时对具有中国特色的自动驾驶技术接受度的影响因素仍需进一步探索;数据存在偏差以及是否将自动驾驶模拟体验融入研究等方面需进一步研究.

Relationship Between Gene-Phenotype and Clinical Manifestations of Chromosomal Copy Number Variations Indicated by Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing

Objective:To analyze the clinical value of non-invasive prenatal testing(NIPT)in detecting chromosomal copy number variations(CNVs)and to explore the relationship between gene expression and clinical manifestations of chromosomal copy number variations.Methods:3551 naturally conceived singleton pregnant women who underwent NIPT were included in this study.The NIPT revealed abnormalities other than sex chromosome abnormalities and trisomy 13,18,and 21.Pregnant women with chromosome copy number variations underwent genetic counseling and prenatal ultrasound examination.Interventional prenatal diagnosis and chromosome microarray analysis(CMA)were performed.The clinical phenotypes and pregnancy outcomes of different prenatal diagnoses were analyzed.Additionally,a follow-up was conducted by telephone to track fetal development after birth,at six months,and one year post-birth.Results:A total of 53 cases among 3551 cases showed chromosomal copy number variation.Interventional prenatal diagnosis was performed in 36 cases:27 cases were negative and 8 were consistent with the NIPT test results.This indicates that NIPT’s positive predictive value(PPV)in CNVs is 22.22%.Conclusion:NIPT has certain clinical significance in screening chromosome copy number variations and is expected to become a routine screening for chromosomal microdeletions and microduplications.However,further interventional prenatal diagnosis is still needed to identify fetal CNVs.

老年人驾车出行转移行为影响因素分析

我国老龄化进程不断加快,公安部于2020年发布取消小型汽车驾驶证申请70周岁上限,老年人群的驾车出行行为备受关注。提出结构方程模型与贝叶斯网络的综合分析方法:以结构方程模型验证老年人转向驾车出行意向的社会认知理论因素,结合机器学习领域的贝叶斯网络计算输出关键决定因素并量化因素间的关系强度。研究结果表明:约16%的老年人有高水平的驾车出行转移意向;态度、主观规范与自我效能感对驾车出行转移意向产生的影响力最大;当老年人的自我效能感和态度由低状态变为高状态时,转移意向的高状态发生概率呈现约185%和265%的增长幅度。这有助于了解老年人的驾车心理需求,为预测未来高龄驾驶群体规模提供思路。